evoluzione dello storage
TRANSCRIPT
6 Maggio 2016
Andrea Mauro IT Director – Assyrus Srl http://assyrus.it
Evento Dell-Assyrus sull'evoluzione dello
storage enterprise
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Source: IDC
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
96 98 00 02 04 06 08 10 12
Physical servers (M) VMs (M)
Year
Server Virtualization Driving 40% Storage Growth
Growth of Hosts & VMs Growth of Storage
40% per year will double storage infrastructure every two years.
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Tipi di storage
Tecnologia Protocollo Velocità Tipo di dati Utilizzo
DAS SCSI, SAS 320 MB/s, 6 Gb/s blocchi storage locale
NAS IP 1Gb/s, 10 Gb/s file file sharing
CAS IP archivi archiviazione
SAN Fibra FC 8 Gb/s, 16 Gb/s blocchi storage condiviso
SAN Rame FCIP, iSCSI 1Gb/s, 10 Gb/s blocchi storage condiviso
• DAS (Direct Attached Storage)
• NAS (Network Attached Storage )
• SAN (Storage Area Network)
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Unified Storage
• Convergenza nello storage
• Unico “appliance” con – NAS
– SAN – FC
– iSCSI
• Convergenza dei protocolli di accesso?
10
Architettura di uno storage
• Tipo di storage
• Tipo di protocolli
• Tipi di dischi
• Tiering e cache su flash/SSD
Interface Buffer HBA
Disk Drive / Storage
Internal transfer rate measured here
External transfer rate measured here
Head Disk Assembly
Controller
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Controller / Storage Processor
• Server con relativo sistema operativo – Gestione completamente via software
– Non necessariamente SDS
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Prestazioni di front-end
• Ethernet 1 Gbps
• FC 4 Gbps
• SAS 6 Gbps
• FC 8 Gbps
• Ethernet 10 Gbps
• SAS 12 Gbps
• FC 16 Gbps
• PCIe v4.0 (x16) -> 31,51 GB/s
• DDR4-2400 -> 18,75 GB/s
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Prestazioni di back-end
• Tipo di dischi – 7K
– 10K
– 15K
– SSD – SLC
– MCL
– 3D-NAND, V-NAND
• Parallelismo
• Ridondanza
• Bus
• Compressione/Deduplica
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Quali (e quanti) dischi?
SC Operating
System
Type SCv2000/SC100
12 disks SCv2020/SC120
24 disks SCv2080/SC180
42 disks
2TB NLSAS X NA X
4TB NLSAS X NA X
6TB NLSAS X NA X
1TB NLAS 2.5” NA X NA
2TB NLAS 2.5” NA X NA
600GB 10k NA X X
900GB 10K NA X X
1.2TB 10K NA X X
1.8TB 10K NA X X
300GB 15k X X X
600GB 15K X X X
200GB WI X X X
400GB WI X X X
800GB MU X X X
1.6TB MU X X X
480GB RI X X X
960GB RI X X X
1.6TB RI X X X
1.92TB RI X X X
Annunciati sul mercato:
• 10 TB SATA (3,5’’) WD helium drive
• 16 TB SSD (2.5’’) Samsung
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Differenti architetture
TYPE
1 Clustered
Scale Up & Down
• Dual Controller
• Shared Meta-Data
• Transactional Commits
• General Purpose
Storage
TYPE
3 Loosely Coupled
Scale Out
• Independent Controllers
• Distributed Meta-Data
• Transactional Commits
• Large Content
Repositories
TYPE
2 Tightly Coupled
Scale Out
• Multi-Controller Grid
• Shared Meta-Data
• Transactional Commits
• Linearity in all things
TYPE
4 Distributed
Share Nothing
• Independent Controllers
• Distributed Meta-Data
• Non-Transactional
Commits
• 3rd Platform Applications
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Converged Architectures Hyper-converged Architectures Common Modular
Building Block Appliances
Rack Scale
Integrated Rack Scale
Common Rackscale
Building Blocks
Embedded
Integrated Best-of-Breed
Integrated Stack
Integrated Infrastructure
Software-Defined
BYO Commodity
Definition
• Decomposed and redesigned for high density or high capacity or low power server architectures
• Unit size of 4U chassis to full rack
• Open Source plays a more critical role
• Workload optimized systems of server, storage, network, and mgmt. SW
• Sold w/pre-integrated packaged SW
• Generalized compute within storage arrays
• Host locally executed workloads
• Generally only suitable for workloads focused on data proximity or data services
• General purpose pre-int. & Ref arch. systems containing server, storage, network, & mgmt. SW .
• Excellent support for legacy workloads/brownfield
• Commodity HW and DIY mgmt. and orchestration SW
• Non-appliance model
• VMware SDDC and Openstack Framework & Distros
• All-in-one box systems
• Compute and storage in a small, scalable node (2U)
• SMB/Robo prime target
• Simplicity/cost are main value prop
• VMware almost always used
• Scalable systems of racks plus bare metal resource allocation
• M&O Spans HW & SW; Multi-rack management
• Open Source plays a more critical role
“6 Phylum” of Converged Infrastructure
Source: EMC Market Intelligence, EMC OCTO, EMC ETPD, IDC, Gartner, Company websites, SME interviews
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Converged Architectures Hyper-converged Architectures Common Modular
Building Block Appliances
Rack Scale
Integrated Rack Scale
Common Rackscale
Building Blocks
Embedded
Integrated Best-of-Breed
Integrated Stack
Integrated Infrastructure
Software-Defined
BYO Commodity
Strengths
• Best way to deploy additional storage services
• Flexibility of any hardware choice.
• Start very small
• Simple support model
• Unbeatable simplicity
• Fastest time-to value at the application level
• Well suited for general scale SP, SaaS P3 workloads
• Flexible
• Simple Support Model
• Supports specialized, high-end P3 workloads due to custom HW
• Simple support model
“6 Phylum” of Converged Infrastructure
Weakness
• Poor economics for general purpose workload use
• “Non-predictable outcome”
• Non-integrated acquisition and support model
• Poor economic scaling past ~1000 VMs
• Rigidity for datacenter use cases
• Poor support for legacy workload SLAs and infrastructure expectations
• Poor support for legacy workload SLAs and infrastructure expectations
• Application Silo • High “Step In” Cost.
• Premium economic scaling factors
• Well suited and broad support for P2 workload requirements
• Proven, mature
Source: EMC Market Intelligence, EMC OCTO, EMC ETPD, IDC, Gartner, Company websites, SME interviews
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La latenza (e la velocità) non è la stessa
L1-L3
Cache 10 ns DRAM
100 ns
Flash
15 µs
HDD
4 ms
Blink of an eye
1/10 second
Get Coffee
2,5 minutes
Fly to Australia
12 hours Heartbeat
1 second
Multiplier is 10.000.000
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Data centers need to handle many types of diverse application workloads • Applications are getting more dependent on higher I/O performance
• Traditional storage systems are optimized for the middle of the spectrum
• Data stored, backed up and archived is growing exponentially
• SLAs are becoming more rigorous
• IT budgets are often staying flat
Random
Sequential
Read-intensive Write-intensive
Indexing
Front End Web
OLTP Database
Email/Messaging
Data Warehousing
Virtual Desktop
HPC
Streaming Media
Web Applications
Collaboration
Infrastructure
Other
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Primary Storage Mission Critical
Secondary Storage
● Fragmented
● Inefficient
The Storage Iceberg
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Storage tiers
• Absolute Performance Array (Tier 0)
• •Low-Latency NVMe over Fabrics (Ethernet, InfiniBand)
• •Extreme I/O throughput & latency performance
• •Streamlined virtualization, efficiency, or enterprise features
• SAN All-Flash and Hybrid Arrays (Tier1)
• •Mixed use cases
• •All-Flash and Cost-Optimized Hybrid Arrays
• •Enterprise features snapshots, clones, replication, dedupe
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New form factors: PCIe cards, appliances, shared
storage
Virtualization is increasing the demand for random I/O with the “mixer effect”
Flash prices falling faster than HDDs but still
considerably higher than 15K HDDs
Multi-core processors drive up processor utilization and demand for more I/O per server
Flash adoption is accelerating Pent-up demand for improving application performance at the right price point
15K HDD
$/G
B
Flash SSD
7.2K HDD
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Cache & Flash
• Lato Storage – Full Flash
– Hybrid – Multi-tiering o caching
• Lato Host – Schede PCI-e Flash
– SSD
– Nuove DIMM? – NVDRAM
• Software di gestione?
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Cache lato host
Up to 3.0TB of capacity per PCIe slot
Up to 2.4TB of capacity per x8 PCIe slot
Up to 3.2TB of capacity per PCIe slot
Up to 1.2 TB of capacity per slot for maximum performance density
MEZZANINE
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Oltre di hard disk?
• Seagate Kinetic Open Storage – https://www.openkinetic.org/
• Non solo firmware ma un vero e proprio sistema operativo nel disco!
• API di accesso via Ethernet
• Ma anche altre proposte – HGST Open Ethernet Storage