Events and Happenings

ction Point

PEP-II Reaches Half of Design LuminosityTHE FIRST WEEK OF March 2000 saw PEP-II reach arecord peak luminosity of 1.69x103 3 cm -2 sec -'. This iswell over the halfway point of the design goal of3.0x1033. In addition, two new records were made forintegrated (or collected) luminosity, one for the totalnumber of pb-1/shift (33.2) and one for the total pb-1/day (80.4). (Ed. Note: On March 19, 2000 a new recordpeak luminosity of 1.85xl033cm-2sec l- was achieved.)

Last November we had two vacuum leaks in theaccelerator caused by the beam in the high-energy ring(HER) heating up sections of the beam pipe. Thisseverely limited the running of the accelerator throughthe rest of November, and the entire month of Decemberwas spent taking out the failed beam pipe sections aswell as two other chambers that had similar heatingproblems and reworking these chambers in the shops.It wasn't until January 11 of this year that we hadeverything put back together and started to put beamsback into the rings. We got off to a slow start becausemost of the reworked chambers were just upstream ofthe BABAR detector and it took a couple of weeks to"scrub" the beam pipe with graduallyincreasing beam currents in order toget the low vacuum levels needed torun BABAR with high luminosity. 2. 0During this time, we rescanned theUpsilon 4S and re-centered the '

Oaccelerator on the peak of the 0 1.5resonance. By the first week ofFebruary we had gotten back to a Eluminosity of x1033, but we were not o 1 0yet back up to the record levels seenin September and October of last fall, xwhen we had reached a peak 0.5

luminosity of 1.43x1033.Throughout February we spent 0E 0

1-2 days a week exploring ways to 0increase the luminosity, while the restof the time was spent running -0.5steadily for BABAR data collection.During one of these machinedevelopment days we achieved a new Jan 11all time record for total beam currentin the HER of 950 mA. This tops the Plot of the PL

previous record of 750 mA that was through thefit

made about a year ago, before the BABAR detectorrolled onto the beam line. The absolutely heroic effortof the Mechanical Fabrication Department staff (aswell as the engineers, designers and machinists) tocomplete the refurbishment of the failed vacuumchambers of the HER in December and in the first weekin January paid off in a big way, and allowed us toreach this record current in the high-energy ring aswell as the record luminosity so soon after theshutdown. The improved chambers have also greatlyincreased the stability of the accelerator, especiallynear the BABAR detector, which has made it easier forus to focus on ways of improving the luminosity.

By the end of February, the accelerator wasrunning fairly well. Peak luminosity values of 1.2x1033were common. Then, at the end of the month we turnedoff a special magnet in the low-energy ring (LER)called the wiggler. This magnet is designed to increase

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Time Mar 08

FP-II luminosity from the start of the run in January 2000rst week of March 2000.

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Director's CornerrI

by Jonathan Dorfan

Our primary mission atSLAC is to provide scientificopportunities to a world-wide user community in theareas of particle physics andsynchrotron radiation.

.1 . . 1

Almost 3000 users from across the globe work atSLAC, roughly equally divided between the twocommunities. In serving the users, we maintain andoperate large and complex facilities. Operatingsuch facilities efficiently and productively fortwenty-four hours a day, nine months a year is amajor challenge, and one that I think we do verywell.

X-rays for the synchrotron light users areproduced at SPEAR where multiple extraction beam-lines provide for many concurrent experiments.Experiments typically last a few days, whichprovides special challenges to the SSRL staff whomust ensure the rapid and smooth deployment ofmany experimental start-ups per week. The runthat began back in November 1999 is proceedingvery well. SPEAR is delivering high quality beamsto its many users almost 97 per cent of the availabletime. The SPEAR run will continue until early Julyat which time the machine will shut down untiloperation will start up again in November.

The linac is the source for the particle andaccelerator R&D programs. The primary use for thelinac is as an injector to PEP-II. PEP-II and itscompanion detector BABAR are having an excellentrun. BABAR is our single largest user group,comprising 600 collaborators from nine nations.PEP-II routinely operates at luminosities in excessof half the design performance, an impressive

achievement for such a new facility. The peakluminosity record is 1.85x103 3 cm -2 sec -1 (as comparedto the design value of 3x10 33 cm -2 sec -1) and we have hadseveral days in which PEP-II has delivered in excess of100 inverse picobarns (as compared with the designaverage of 135 inverse picobarns per day). The BABAR

detector has a high up time and is handling the highdata rates superbly. BABAR typically logs in excess of90% of the delivered luminosity. The PEP-II/BABARrun will continue to the end of August 2000, at whichtime there will be a two-month down time.

The linac is also the source of electrons whichproduce test beams for the calibration and checkout ofdetector prototypes. During the Fall of 1999, aprototype GLAST (see below) module took extensivetest data in End Station A. The linac positron beam iscurrently being used for advanced accelerator R&Dstudy (E150) using a plasma to focus the beam. Thisexperiment is a collaboration of users and SLACphysicists. Experiment E157, also made up of usersand SLAC physicists, will continue its series of studiesof plasma acceleration of the linac electron beam in arun this spring. E150 and E157 are performed in theFinal Focus Test Beam area.

The SLAC user community has taken a recentupsurge with the announcement earlier this monththat NASA had accepted the Stanford proposal to builda gamma ray telescope called GLAST. The collaborationwhich will build the $120M telescope comprises highenergy and astro-particle physicists from six nations:the US, France, Germany, Italy Japan and Sweden.The telescope will be lifted into earth orbit in 2005 bya NASA satellite. Construction of the GLAST detectoris centered at SLAC. In addition, SLAC will providefor the user community the data processing andmanagement.

We can take pride at SLAC in the way we serveour multi-faceted international community.

Why are These Men Smiling?

Bill Althouse (left) and Elliott Bloom (right) were allsmiles with the news that the GLAST project wasapproved by NASA. Althouse came to SLAC recentlyfrom Caltech. He has 25 years of space experiencewith NASA and is the project manager for GLAST.Bloom is professor and head of Group K.

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PEP-II (Continued)

the emittance of the low-energy beam and make thesize of the beam the same as that in the HER. However,we had found in November that turning off the wigglermagnet seemed to improve the luminosity so we triedit again and found a 20% increase in the luminosity.This is what pushed us over the half-design luminosityvalue. As of March 8, PEP-II has delivered a total of1700 pb-1 (or 1.7 fb-1) in the New Year. The PEP-II goalis to deliver 10 fb-1 to the BABAR detector before thesummer shutdown.

The BABAR collaboration has not been idle either.Work has gone into streamlining the data collectionsystem and the offline analysis effort. The collaborationspent some of the running time in January tocommission and debug a new version of the dataacquisition program. This new version allows them tocollect data at nearly twice the previous rate. TheBABAR detector currently collects data with an 800 Hztrigger rate and now has the capacity to collect datawith a 2 kHz trigger rate. This improvement presentlyhelps the detector "ride through" background burststhat come from the accelerator without hanging up thedata collection system. Eventually this upgrade willallow the detector to take data in the future when thebeam currents and (hopefully) the luminosity arehigher.

We would like to thank some of the many peoplewho have helped us get to the halfway point. Themaintenance personnel (both regular and on call) whohave kept the LINAC and the PEP rings up and runninghave been invaluable. They are starting to make theword 'Factory' mean something. We would alsoespecially thank the operators in Main Control whohave diligently worked at keeping the entire acceleratorup and running as well as slowly raising the beamcurrents while maintaining the small beam spot sizesat the collision point. This "green thumbing" has givenus steady increases in luminosity that has graduallypushed us over the halfway point.

-Mike Sullivan for the PEP-II team

Meet Lesley WolfLESLEY WOLFSTARTED IN thePublic Affairs Officeat the beginning ofthe new year. Shebrings with her adegree in Compara-tive Literature fromUC Berkeley andexperience with thescientific communi->erience can now be

applied to explaining high energy physics andsynchrotron radiation to the public.

As a Public Affairs staff member, she hasresponsibilities that impact our public relations effortsas well as site-wide services. Contact her if you needhelp with reservations for the Panofsky Auditoriumand the Orange Room in the Central Lab or Audio-Visual Services requests.

She is also responsible for the Seminars databaseviewable on the web and issued weekly as theCompendium-please continue to send e-mail toseminars@slac.stanford.edu for listings. She is therecipient of general requests from the public, includingpublic information, visual media items and otherinquiries.

Wolf suggests the office name be changed to Officeof Arcane Requests (OAR). We'll have to see how thatfits into the new administration's plans. Wolf is awelcome addition to the Public Affairs Office team. Ifyou haven't done so already, stop by to meet her inperson (Central Lab, Room R132), give a call at x2204or e-mail her at lesley@slac.stanford.edu for assistance.

-N. Stolar

Hazardous Chemical RecyclingA WEB SITE HAS been developed for hazardousmaterials recycling. If you have surplus chemicals thatyou wish to give or receive from others at SLAC, pleasecheck out the following web site:

http://www.slac.stanford.edu/esh/wm/exchange/

chemical.html

If you have questions or ideas about recycling orother related pollution prevention activities, pleasebring them to the attention of your divisionrepresentative in the Waste Minimization/PollutionPrevention Citizen Committee. Committee membersare Jean Hubbard (BSD), Rich Cellamare and YolandaPilastro (ES&H) Ali Farvid, Mary Regan, and RichJones (TD), Bob Kirby and Sandy Pierson (RD), andTom Hostetler (SSRL).

-R. Cellamare

The Interaction Point© 2000, is published by Stanford Linear Accelerator Center. Editor-in-chief, P.A. Moore; Production Editor, Vickee Flynn. Deadline forarticles is the first of every month. Items are published on a space-available basis and are subject to edit. Submissions may be sent electronically totip@slac.stanford.edu or by SLAC ID mail to TIP, MS 20. Phone (650) 926-4208. 3

Work Safe, Work SmartThere have been no new injuries involving daysaway from work reported since 1/24 / 00 accordingto Sharon Haynes, Worker's CompensationCoordinator. The number of calendar daysbetween then and this update of 3/23/00 is 59days. SLAC's record number of days betweenclaims remains at 150 days.

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Afraid of Confined Spaces?Not Joe!

JUST IMAGINE...YOU'VE COME to SLAC, the premierehigh-energy physics laboratory, and your first job is tocrawl through every small hole and tunnel on the site."It was a great way to learn about SLAC," was JoeKenny's enthusiastic response. Kenny's official title isSafety Specialist II. He joined ES&H seven years agospecifically to survey all confined spaces at SLAC, todetermine which areas needed permits, and to trainpersonnel in confined space safety. The results of thisenormous task can be found on the web in the ES&HInformation/Resources section at: http://www. slac.stanford.edu/esh.

Kenny came to SLAC with a B.S. in IndustrialEngineering from Northwestern University and threeyears experience at Fermilab, where he learned to loveworking with scientific personnel and to deal with thepractical challenges that can be found at physicslaboratories. Here at SLAC, he enjoys the incrediblevariety of his job, from the hands-on crawling in thetunnels, the challenge of applying engineering controlsto eliminate potential hazards in new designs, to theinteraction with the scientists and technicians that takehis training courses. Kenny's greatest satisfactioncomes from seeing a problem, fixing it, and then movingon to a new project. "In other companies, the job is cutand dried, always doing the same thing. Here at SLAC,I get to work on something new every day."

If you have any questions about confined spacesor OSHA standards, contact Kenny by email atjkenny@slac.stanford.edu. His number can be foundon the ES&H Resource List under "Confined Spaces".

-Larissa Williams

This article is thefourth in a series tofeature staff membersof the ES&H Division. The ES&H Resource List is availableon the ES&H Web site at: http://www.slac.

stanford.edu/esh/esh.html

4

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THERE ARE SEVERAL HUNDRED journals nowavailable online through both the SLAC and Stanfordweb pages. The SLAC Library web page for access toonline journals is: http: / /www. slac. stanford. edu/library/ejournals.html. From this page there isalso a link to the Stanford Library collection of onlinejournals, which contains a broader range of journalsperipheral to SLAC interests.

The material available ranges from tables ofcontents, to abstracts, to full text articles, usually ineither pdf or postscript format. Most journals licenseelectronic access to all or parts of their journals for afee. For most of the journals, access is verified by theIP address that you are coming from. For practicalpurposes, this means that you have to be onsite atSLAC to be able to use these resources. There are alsoa few journals that are available free of cost that areaccessible anywhere. A list of these is maintained at:http://www.physik.uni-oldenburg.de/EPS/PhysNet/ journals .html. A few notable journals on

this list are:

Journal of High Energy Physics (JHEP)New Journal of PhysicsPhysical Review Special Topics - Accelerators and Beams

Generally anything older than a few years is notavailable online. For example, Nuclear Instruments andMethod A has full text back to 1998. However, there arealso exceptions to this rule: the Physical Review journalsare available back to 1985.

Some journals provide forthcoming articles thathave been accepted for publication but have not yetbeen published. Journals are also providing addedfeatures online that are not included in the papereditions, such as tables of data, or multimedia. On theflipside, there are features available in the print editionsthat are not offered online.

If you ever have a problem accessing an onlinejournal, or would like assistance in figuring out how tolocate specific articles, please let the library staff know.

A significant number of journals are still notavailable online and need to be consulted in print forpast year issues, advertisements, letters, and otherimportant sections that currently only exist in the printversion. A full list of all SLAC's journals, online andpaper, can be found at: http: / www . slac.

stanford.edu/library/serialhold.html. If youwould like access to a journal that is not availableonline through SLAC, or available in the library, askthe library will get a copy of specific articles for you.You can fill out a request form in the library, or emailfull citation information to ligmr@slac.stanford.edu

-Molly Moss

Leith CelebrationA celebration honoring David Leith's nine years as Associate Director for Research occurred in March.

John 0 'Fallon, from the Science Department at DOEHeadquarters, was in town to chat with SLAC DirectorJonathan Dorfan.

Here u'r aion presentea uavia Lethn With a plaquefrnm nOE in rprnonrnitinn nf Lith ' manv vpar randr

D tCL ~lt-J ur ItG 1' ; riULLt FviL tiri 3 L(U r L! UV3v, etI1ur tiL-L

Director Burton Richter.

Meanwhile, schmoozing inside were (l-r) CharlieGranieri and Neal Adams, both of SCS. Weinstein, Lance Dixon, Greg Loew, Diana Rogers

(with the camera), and others.

5

_v . V . v TV

Drell Awarded UC Presidential MedalSIDNEY D. DRELL, SLAC'semeritus deputy director, hasreceived the University ofCalifornia's PresidentialMedal for his contributions tothe university, the three U.S.Department of Energynational laboratories managedby UC and the cause of sciencein the public interest. Inpresenting the award onMarch 15, UC President·I n 11 T -- l r _ _ 1 -I · . ·.1-

Kicnard C. AtKinson praised Ureii tor nis service as tnefounding chairman of the UC President's Council onthe National Laboratories. The council of expertsadvises the university on its management of theBerkeley, Livermore and Los Alamos nationallaboratories.

Atkinson presented the medal and anaccompanying citation to Drell at a dinner ceremonyfollowing a meeting of the UC Board of Regents in SanFrancisco. The president said of Drell: "His uniqueexpertise as both a high-energy physicist and an armscontrol specialist has been of enormous value inassisting the laboratories in their commitment tosuperior science and technology and to the successfuldevelopment of the Science Based StockpileStewardship Program in support of the nation's effortsto reduce the global nuclear danger."

Drell has been an adviser to the executive andlegislative branches of government on national securityand defense issues since 1960. He is currently a memberof the President's Foreign Intelligence Advisory Boardand other high-level government advisory panels. Hehas been active on several other such panels in the pastand has received numerous honors and awards for hisresearch achievements in theoretical physics.

The Seismic Upgrade Program

You undoubtedly have noticed that some buildingshere at SLAC now sport buttresses. The Science andEngineering Building (B280), the Fire Station, the User/Warehouse (B028) and the Electronics Annex (B034)have been upgraded to the requirements of the"Specification for Seismic Design of Buildings,Structures, Equipment, and Systems at the StanfordLinear Accelerator Center."

Other buildings in the Research Yard have beendemolished, specifically Bldgs. 110, 114, and 120.Trailer 612 will be given to Stanford University forinstallation at Jasper Ridge. As time goes on, morebuildings will be brought up to code, othersdemolished, and some sold or given to good causes.These changes are not being done on a whim. They arealso not a part of the Earthquake Safety Committee'scharge.

Instead, what we are doing with our buildings isa result of Executive Order 12941 "Seismic Safety ofExisting Federally Owned or Leased Buildings" signedby President Clinton. This order directs the DOE andSLAC to evaluate buildings and to estimate the cost ofmitigating unacceptable risks. SLAC selected well-qualified structural engineering companies andconsultants and began evaluating the ability of SLACstructures to withstand 7.0 to 7.5 magnitudeearthquakes. We also had to write a formal seismicdesign requirement for SLAC buildings, structures andequipment. This effort began in 1995 under RichHuggins and was reorganized in February 1997 withDavid Coward as chair of the "Seismic EvaluationCommittee." Their report, "A Study of the Effects of aMajor Earthquake on Buildings, Structures, and

6

Utilities at SLAC," was completed in January 1999 andaccepted by the former Director of SLAC, BurtonRichter.

Approximately 125 buildings and structures weregraded on a 0 to 10 scale devised by the StructuralEngineers Association of California. Original SLACbuildings such as the A&E Building and the CentralLab fared very well with ratings around 7.0. Manynewer buildings did not rate as well. We acceptedbuildings with ratings greater or equal to 6.0 as "good".Buildings with ratings between 5.0 and 6.0 neededfurther evaluation, and below 5.0 buildings neededimmediate action. This last criterion resulted inimmediate upgrade work to B280, the CafeteriaCauseway, and the Electronics Annex, all heavily usedfacilities.

In 1999, the Director asked Greg Loew to convenethe "Committee on Seismic Upgrade Priorities." Thecharge to the group was to devise a multi-year programto accept, upgrade or demolish lab buildings andstructures based upon the structural ratings that camefrom the Coward committee. The group also had toestimate the cost of the work. This committee wascomposed of members from all divisions at SLAC.

The final report, issued in May 1999, designed atimeline from 1998 to 2005. Buildings needing structuralwork were spread through the period, and costsestimated. Burton Richter appointed Brad Youngmanto manage the program. As part of that appointment,Youngman was transferred to the Technical Division.Anyone with questions or concerns about seismicprojects can contact Youngman at x3627.

-Brad Youngman

From the Pit to the Stars...

Jamie Uavis is me center oj attenMion jor tne galneringheld in his honor at the SLD Collider Experimental Hall inFebruary.

Flea Market Results

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of a never-been-used machine.One of the delightful consequences of making

yummy homemade bread is all the butter and jamwe use and the weight we gain. "These machinesare for those with the will power to practicemoderation," says one bread machine owner.

Holtemann got responses from several othersand then settled on Wright's brand new machine.Having made five different kinds of bread already,Holtemann is having a grand time experimentingwith different recipes.

Wright says that while she has browsedthrough the Flea Market before, this is the first timeshe has made a sale. "I like the idea of putting anad in for things we are looking for. This is reallygreat for SLAC and I hope more people takeadvantage of it."

The Flea Market is for SLAC only. Ads run forone week and can be renewed. Keep in mind thatthese ads are for personal items and that the FleaMarket cannot be used for your home business,consulting company or other commercial purposes.http://www.slac.stanford.edu/slac/

fleamarket/slaconly/

Marty Briedenbach has a few choice words to say to Davis,thanking him for his many contributions to SLAC, wishing himluck on his concert tour with the Count Basie Orchestra, andpresenting him with souvenirs of his SLD days.

Gimme Shelter

ROSLIND PENNACCHI (FORMERLY OF AD), hasa new job as space manager for SLAC. In this newlycreated position, she will have responsibility for awide range of duties. One is to build a database ofinformation about SLAC's two million square feetof space and over 300 offices, labs and shops. Withthis information, Pennacchi will assess current andfuture needs and make recommendations to theDirector's Office. She will be involved with majorinterdivisional office moves and will negotiatebetween parties regarding best use of space.

Next month's issue of The Interaction Point willhave a more in-depth story about Pennacchi and hernew responsibilities, and a report on her first monthon the job. Yes, her email address is shelter@slac.

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_::. : -: NeW5 fromthe

.. \Veb Information Manager/'f IZauth McPunn, mcdunn@sLac

Think Before You Park It!

HOW MANY OF YOU have parkedalong a red curb with the justificationthat you only had something to dropoff in that building? Have you parkedin a blue handicapped-parking spaceeither at SLAC or offsite, figuring noone would notice (and nobody shouldreceive special treatment anyhow)?

I recentlv found out thatdisabled persons call those who do are not presentedwith these challenges "TAPs," or "temporarily able-bodied persons." It's true, isn't it? You don't need to getmaudlin to acknowledge the unforeseeable changes thatwould modify your mobility in an instant-an autoaccident, an illness, a fall on the ski slopes. Withoutgetting into any deep philosophical explorations, we allcan recognize that these shapes we inhabit are fragile atbest.

If an emergency rescue team can't fully access yourbuilding during a fire or medical alert, it may be your lifethat is lost unnecessarily because of someone parking ina red zone.

A mindset that is easy to develop is "think beforeyou park." If there's a color on the curb or the space (red,blue, green, yellow), that should be a good hint that youbetter examine your qualifications for being there. Toadd to your motivation is the parking violation section ofSLAC's Traffic Control Program, which will soon be

DECEASEDKamel, Hossein, PCD, 2/11/00Thomas, Henry (Hank), retired from EFD, 2/26/00

RETIREDBergesen, Stanley, SEM, 3/24/00Catania, Fred, EFD, 3/24/00

AWARDSDrell, Sidney, U.C. Presidential Medal, 3/15/00 (see ArticlePage 6)

Do you have a milestone you would like published in TIP?Email tip@slac.stanford.edu to have it included.

viewable on the Web.You probably know how and where you should

park to create a safe and healthy environment foreveryone at SLAC. But if you're still in doubts aboutwhy you should do this, contact your Operating SafetyCommittee representative (or me) for a copy of theTraffic Control Program, which we authored a fewyears ago. Though we depend on you to do the "rightthing," we'll always be glad to offer support andclarification.

-Janice DabneyChair, Operating Safety Committee

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