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Citrus Variety Evaluation
Graeme Sanderson, Troy Witte, Andrew Creek NSW DPIKevin Lacey, WA Dept. of Agric.Simon Powell, Citrus Australia
Kym Thiel, IDO, SA
New Varieties (31)
2005 11 PBR, 2 Public2006 4 PBR, 2 Public2008 4 PBR, 4 Public
2009 (spring) 1 PBR, 2 Public2009 (propagate) 1 Public
20 PBR 11 Public
PBR variety managers
ANFIC (14) + Jempi (4) + Tango, Daisy LS
OLD DPI (2) – LS Murcotts
CSIRO – 2 mandarins + ? Variety Access (CitroGold) – South AfricanAgriexchange – Sunsmooth, SummerinaChislett Developments – M7 navel
Top Ten varieties 2000- 07Variety Budwood Sales
Imperial mandarin 470,846
Lane Late navel 352,159
Washington navel 323,813
Tahiti lime 270,346
Hamlin orange 245,405
W. Murcott Afourer mandarin* 237,682
Salustiana orange 230,136
Murcott mandarin* 220,840
Eureka lemon* 214,670Navelina navel (7.5) 179,275
Climate: heat unit mapping & cultivar requirements
Sunraysia site
National sites - 2009South Aust Qld
Riverina - NSW Reworked trees - Sunraysia
Seedling tree and grafted tree (3 yr old)
Rootstock compatibility
Tree Growth Rate
Butt Circumference (cm)Canopy Height and Spread (metres)
EUREKA SL
Butt Circumference (cm) Eureka SL (Benton)
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
Qld Sunraysia Riverina SA WA
Butt 07 Butt 08Butt 09
Yield and Fruit size distribution
Fruit Quality
Juice ContentSugar content (Brix)Acid %Brix:Acid ratio
Coolroom and Juicing Lab
MANDALATE
ACID % on Tri & Citrange, Sunraysia 2008
00.20.40.60.8
11.21.41.61.8
2
Jun-08
Jul-08Aug-08
Sep-08
Trifoliata
Citrange
%
B:A ratio Citrange, Sunraysia 2008
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
13/06/2008
27/06/2008
11/07/2008
25/07/2008
8/08/2008
22/08/2008
Citrange
B:A
Rind Age
Fruitlet Drop 5/02/2009
Mandalate July 2009
Information SheetsMandalate mandarin
Estimated Maturity Period Region
Riverina
Sunraysia
Sep Oct NovMay June July AugJan Feb Mar April
Origin: Italy, Triploid hybrid of Fortune mandarin and Avana mandarin Skin: Easy peel, orange colour, slightly pebbled Average Rind Thickness: 3.3mm Internal Quality: High sugar and high acid content. Juicy Average Seed Number per Fruit: <1 Juice Percent: 48% ºBrix: 13.6 Acid Percent: 1.3% Brix/Acid Ratio: 10.5 Average Fruit Weight: 125gm Average Fruit Diameter: 65mm Comments: Late maturing. Fruit needs to be retained on the tree in good condition to allow the juice acid level to decline. Stop-Drop®/Cit-tite® sprays along with GA application would be a required to hold fruit on the tree and maintain skin condition. Trees would also require crop load manipulation to increase fruit size and reduce alternate bearing. Trifoliata rootstock should not be used for Mandalate due to its tendency to elevate the acid content of fruit. Mandalate has similarities to Imperial mandarin and may find a market niche in Australia if the cultural requirements for this variety can be met
Extension to the local industry
Variety field walk (June 09) – Public varieties
Citrus growers –Public and PBR
Market buyers
Primosole – Public variety
Granulation April 08
Orogrande clementine (Public)
Sidi Aissa clementine (Public)
Nour clementine (Public)
Tarocco orange x clementine (PBR)
AlkantaraC1867C1829Tacle
Maturity period: mid May – early July (Sunraysia)
EUREKA SL (South Africa - PBR)
Nectar (Israel - PBR)
Fruitlet Thinning March 2009
Before
After
Nectar Fruit size
Queensland May 09 Sunraysia July 09
OR (Israel - PBR)
MOR (Israel - PBR)
IRM1 (Qld - PBR)
Gold Nugget – Uni of California - PBR
Mandalate (Italy - PBR)
Predicted areas for blood oranges?
T. Khurshid, Dareton
Blood oranges grown at DaretonRuby Blood Sanguine Harvard Blood Maltese Blood
Arnold Blood (Moro type)
Chill Units (hours): 5-100C
2004: 4562008: 576
2004
2008
Tahir Khurshid, NSW DPI Dareton
Tarocco Meli (late) Tapi (early)
ALKANTARA - PBR
Sunraysia 15/6/08 Italy
Alkantara 2009
June 2009 - Grafted tree
C1867 - PBR
C1867 – cool storage for 3 weeks
C1829 - PBR
TACLE - PBR
Leaf drop C1829, Tacle and Alkantara
Tacle May 09C1829 May 09
Alkantara May 08
Tarocco hybrids sensitivity to 2-4D
Future of Varietal Evaluation
Current project ended 30/6/091 Year extension with Auscitrus as project leader sort.Submission to HAL for on going project with NSW DPI as lead agency?
Hockney navel - Troyer v’s C35Troyer citrange C35 citrange
Av height: 2.2m, Spread: 2.2m Av height: 2.8m, Spread: 2.5m
Hockney navel rootstock comparison C35, C32 and Troyer citranges 2007-08 (Cumulative)
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
1400
1600
C35 C32 Troyer0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
3500
under 125 100 80 64 over
C35C32Troyer
Row Wt. (kg) Fruit number