euro health, consumer index 2013, report

8/13/2019 Euro Health, Consumer Index 2013, Report

1/102

Curd Gc`ktg

Ndosujcr Hoicx 120>

CGNH

120>


2/102


3/102

h

@roc Alroacre, Rg.I

`roc.aldroacreBgc`ktgpdwcrgdusc.ndj

Gc`ktg Ndosujcr Rdwcrgdusc

120>-00-17

Oujacr df p`ecs< 87

Yghs rcpdrt j`y ac frccky qudtci, rcfcrrhoe td tgc sdurnc. Gc`ktg Ndosujcr Rdwcrgdusc Kti., 120>.

H^AO 857-80-872675-1-6


Curd Gc`ktg Ndosujcr Hoicx

120>

Qcpdrt
mailto:[email protected]:[email protected]:[email protected]


4/102

hh

Ndotcots

HO YGC ^G@IDU DF NQH^H^, @ OCU MHOI DF GC@KYGN@QC CJCQEC^ ..................................................................... >

0. ^SJJ@QX ............................................................................................................................................................ 9

0.0^DJC HOYCQC^YHOE NDSOYQHC^ ........................................................................................................................................ 9

0.1FHO@ONH@K NQH^H^ HJR@NY DO CSQDRC@O GC@KYGN@QC4....................................................................................................... 03

0.>AAA=AH^J@QNM AC@Y^ ACVCQHIECODU @ RCQJ@OCOY FC@YSQC....................................................................................... 05

1. HOYQDISNYHDO ....................................................................................................................................................07

1.0A@NMEQDSOI............................................................................................................................................................ 07

1.1HOICW ^NDRC ............................................................................................................................................................. 08

1.>@ADSY YGC @SYGDQ.................................................................................................................................................... 12

>. NDSOYQHC^ HOVDKVCI .........................................................................................................................................12

9. QC^SKY^ DF YGC CSQD GC@KYG NDO^SJCQ HOICW 120> ......................................................................................10

9.0QC^SKY^ ^SJJ@QX .................................................................................................................................................... 1>

3. A@OE-FDQ-YGC-ASNM @ILS^YCI ^NDQC^ .............................................................................................................15

3.0AFA@ILS^YJCOY JCYGDIDKDEX ................................................................................................................................. 15

3.1QC^SKY^ HO YGC AFA^NDQC ^GCCY ................................................................................................................................. 17

6. YQCOI^ DVCQ YGC ^CVCO XC@Q^ ..........................................................................................................................18

6.0^NDQC NG@OEC^ 1226-120> ..................................................................................................................................... 18

6.1NKD^HOE YGC E@R ACYUCCO YGC R@YHCOY @OI RQDFC^^HDO@K^ .............................................................................................. >1

6.>GC@KYGN@QC PS@KHYX JC@^SQCI @^ DSYNDJC^ ............................................................................................................. >>

6.9YQ@O^R@QCOY JDOHYDQHOE DF GC@KYGN@QC PS@KHYX ........................................................................................................ >9

6.3K@XJ@O-@I@RYCI NDJRQCGCO^HVC HOFDQJ@YHDO @ADSY RG@QJ@NCSYHN@K^.................... ..................... ...................... .......... >9

6.6U@HYHOE KH^Y^3

6.5UGX ID R@YHCOY^ ODY MODU4 ..................................................................................................................................... >7

6.7JQ^@^RQC@I .......................................................................................................................................................... >7

5. GDU YD HOYCQRQCY YGC HOICW QC^SKY^4 ...........................................................................................................>8

7. CSQDRC@O I@Y@ ^GDQY@EC ...............................................................................................................................>8

7.0JCIHN@K DSYNDJC^ HOIHN@YDQ^ HONKSICI HO YGC CGNH.................................................................................................... >8

8. CVDKVCJCOY DF YGC CSQD GC@KYG NDO^SJCQ HOICW ......................................................................................92

8.0^NDRC @OI NDOYCOY DF CGNH1223 ............................................................................................................................. 92

8.1^NDRC @OI NDOYCOY DF CGNH12261201 .................................................................................................................. 90

8.>CGNH120> .............................................................................................................................................................. 91

8.9HOIHN@YDQ @QC@^ (^SA-IH^NHRKHOC^) ............................................................................................................................... 99

8.3^NDQHOE HO YGC CGNH120> ........................................................................................................................................ 93

8.6UCHEGY NDCFFHNHCOY^ ................................................................................................................................................. 93

8.5HOIHN@YDQ ICFHOHYHDO^ @OI I@Y@ ^DSQNC^ FDQ YGC CGNH120> ...................... ..................... ...................... ..................... ... 95

8.7YGQC^GDKI V@KSC ^CYYHOE^ ......................................................................................................................................... 31

8.8NSY^I@Y@ ^DSQNC^............................................................................................................................................... 3>

8.02NDOYCOY DF HOIHN@YDQ^ HO YGC CGNH120> ................................................................................................................. 39

8.00GDU YGC CSQD GC@KYG NDO^SJCQ HOICW 120>U@^ ASHKYRQDISNYHDO RG@^C^...................... ...................... ................. 788.01CWYCQO@K CWRCQY QCFCQCONC R@OCK ............................................................................................................................. 82

02. QCFCQCONC^ .......................................................................................................................................................80

02.0J@HO ^DSQNC^ ........................................................................................................................................................ 80

@RRCOIHW 0. PSC^YHDOO@HQC S^CI HO YGC ^SQVCX NDJJH^^HDOCI FQDJ R@YHCOY VHCU FDQ YGC CSQD GC@KYG

NDO^SJCQ HOICW 1201. ..........................................................................................................................................81

@RRCOIHW 1. YDY@K GC@KYG CWRCOIHYSQC, RRR$ RCQ N@RHY@, UGD C^YHJ@YC^ ....................................................85

@RRCOIHW >. YGC YQSC ^@E@ @ADSY UCQOCQ^ GHR LDHOY, DQ UG@Y U@HYHOE YHJC^ ^GDSKI AC HO @OX

GC@KYGN@QC ^X^YCJ ..............................................................................................................................................87


5/102


Curd Gc`ktg Ndosujcr Hoicx 120> rcpdrt

>

Ho tgc sgìdw df nrhshs, ` ocw mhoi df gc`ktgn`rc cjcrecs

@s tgc Gc`ktg Ndosujcr Rdwcrgdusc prcscots hts pò-Curdpcò `sscssjcot df gc`ktgn`rc pcrfdrjòncfdr tgc scvcotg thjc, tgcrc `rc `t kc`st tgrcc rcj`rmàkc gcìkhocs td hjèhoc3 pdhots, 120> tgcs`jc nduotry `nghcvci 306 pdhots (sthkk sndrhoe quhtc kdw). Ecocr`k hjprdvcjcot hs cvhicot, ho tgcsgìdw df ùstcrhty.

@ tghri gcìkhoc, j`yac kcss cvhicot, wghng j`mcs ht cvco jdrc hjpdrtòt, nduki ac

Ldgò GlcrtqvhstFduoicr & RrcshicotGc`ktg Ndosujcr Rdwcrgdusc Kti.

Ygc CGNH 120> g`s acco suppdrtci ay uorcstrhntci eròts frdj Rfhzcr Hon, S^@ òi Jcihndvcr^.@., Ackehuj. Furtgcr, GNRs 120> prder`jjc g`s acco suppdrtci ayOcw IhrcnthdoFduoi`thdo, Ackehuj.


6/102



9

0. ûjj`ry

Ho CGNH cihthdos acfdrc 1228, `s wckk `s ho tgc Curd Ndosujcr Gc`rt Hoicx 1227 òi tgc CurdNdosujcr Ihàctcs Hoicx 1227 (`kk `v`hkàkc `t www.gc`ktgpdwcrgdusc.ndj), > 3 tdpnduotrhcs wcrc scp`r`tci ay doky ` fcw pdhots do tgc 0222-pdhot sn`kc. Yghs ngòeci

ir`j`thn`kky ho 1228, òi tgc CGNH 1201 tdt`k ròmhoe df gc`ktgn`rc systcjs sgdwci ò cvcoerc`tcr kòiskhic vhntdry fdr Ygc Octgcrkòis tgò ho 1228, 32 pdhots `gcì df Icoj`rm hoscndoi pk`nc. Ho 120> ht g`s acco pdsshakc td rcsc`rng jdrc ndjpkctc i`t` fdr tgc odo-CSnduotry df ^whtzcrkòi, wghng ncrt`hoky g`s ` gheg-qu`khty gc`ktgn`rc systcj. Ht hs `kk tgc jdrchjprcsshvc tg`t, `ftcr honrc`shoe tgc oujacr df hoihn`tdrs ho tgc CGNH frdj 91 td 97, Ygc

Octgcrkòis survhvcs tgc ^whss doskùegt òi sthkk g`s tgc ghegcst sndrc `t 752 pdhots dut df tgcj`xhjuj 0222, 08 pdhots `gcì df ^whtzcrkòi `t 730.

@ftcr tgc OK òi ^whtzcrkòi, ndjpcththdo hs acndjhoe honrc`shoeky fhcrnc, whtg Hnckòi,Icoj`rm òi Odrw`y ho pk`ncs >3 whtg 70770> pdhots.

Ygc ròmhoe w`s odthncàky hofkuconci ay tgc 1227 hotrdiunthdo df ò ìihthdo`k shxtg sua-ihsnhpkhoc, c-Gc`ktg jc`surhoe csscoth`kky tgc pcoctr`thdo df ckcntrdohn jcihn`k rcndris òitgc usc df c-sdkuthdos fdr tgc tròsfcr df jcihn`k hofdrj`thdo actwcco prdfcsshdo`ks, òi frdj

prdfcsshdo`ks td p`thcots. Ygc CGNH 1201 rcvcrtci td tgc 1225 strunturc whtg fhvc sua-ihsnhpkhocs òi c-Gc`ktg hoihn`tdrs honkuici ho tgc R`thcot Qhegts òi Hofdrj`thdo sua-ihsnhpkhoc. Ho 120>, `ftcr jung prdjpthoe ay jòy hotcrcstci p`rthcs, tgc CGNH g`s rcnchvci òcw, shxtg sua-ihsnhpkhoc< Rrcvcothdo.

Ygc rcsukts df tgc CGNH 120> hoihn`tc tg`t `ntu`k trc`tjcot rcsukts ho Curdpcò gc`ktgn`rc mccphjprdvhoe ho tgc f`nc df fhoònh`k nrhscs òi ùstcrhty jc`surcs! ^d id p`thcot rhegts òihofdrj`thdo td p`thcots. Ygc `rc`, wgcrc cffcnts df jdocy s`vhoe `rc jdst davhdus, hs do tgchotrdiunthdo òi icpkdyjcot r`tc df odvck pg`rj`ncuthn`ks.

0.0 ^djc hotcrcsthoe nduotrhcs

0.0.0 Ygc Octgcrkòis!!!

Ygc Octgcrkòis hs tgc doky nduotry wghng g`s ndoshstcotky acco `jdoe tgc tdp tgrcc ho tgctdt`k ròmhoe df òy Curdpcò Hoicx tgc Gc`ktg Ndosujcr Rdwcrgdusc g`s puakhsgci shonc1223. Ygc 120> OK sndrc df 751 pdhots w`s ay f`r tgc ghegcst cvcr scco ho ` GNR Hoicx. Ygc752 pdhots ho 120> `rc `s hjprcsshvc, `s ht acndjcs honrc`shoeky ihffhnukt td rc`ng ` vcry ghegsndrc do jòy hoihn`tdrsod nduotry hs supcraky eddi `t cvcrytghoe.

Ygc OK whos twd df tgc shx sua-ihsnhpkhocs df tgc Hoicx< R`thcot rhegts & Hofdrj`thdo (`kdoewhtg Icoj`rm) òi Qòec & Qc`ng df ^crvhncs, òi tgc k`rec vhntdry j`reho sccjs csscoth`kkyac iuc td tg`t tgc Iutng gc`ktgn`rc systcj idcs odt sccj td g`vc òy rc`kky wc`m spdts, cxncptpdsshaky sdjc sndpc fdr hjprdvcjcot rce`rihoe tgc w`hthoe thjcs shtu`thdo, wgcrc sdjc ncotr`kCurdpcò nduotrhcs cxnck.

Odrj`kky, tgc GNR t`mcs n`rc td st`tc tg`t tgc CGNH hs khjhtci td jc`surhoe tgc ndosujcr

frhcoikhocss df gc`ktgn`rc systcjs, h.c.idcs odt nk`hj td jc`surc wghng Curdpcò st`tc g`s tgcacst gc`ktgn`rc systcj `nrdss tgc ad`ri.

Nduothoe frdj 1226, tgc GNR g`s prdiunci odt doky tgc ecocr`khst Hoicx CGNH, aut `ksdspcnh`khst Hoicxcs do Ihàctcs, N`rih`n N`rc, GHV, Gcì`ngc òi Gcp`thths. Ygc Octgcrkòis

`rc uohquc `s tgc doky nduotry ndoshstcotky `ppc`rhoe `jdoe tgc tdp > 9, rce`rikcss wg`t`spcnts df gc`ktgn`rc wghng `rc stuihci. Yghs nrc`tcs ` strdoe tcjpt`thdo td `ntu`kky nk`hj tg`t
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3

tgc kòiskhic whoocr df tgc CGNH 120> nduki hoicci ac s`hi td g`vc tgc acst gc`ktgn`rc systcjho Curdpc.

0.0.0.0 d wg`t rc tgc Iutng idhoe rh egt4

Ht g`s td ac cjpg`shzci tg`t tgc fdkkdwhoe ihsnusshdo idcs ndot`ho ` suastòth`k `jduot dfspcnuk`thdo dutshic df wg`t nò `ntu`kky ac icrhvci frdj tgc CGNH sndrcs.

0.0.0.1 d wg`t, hf oytghoe, rc tgc Iutng idhoe wrdoe4

Ygc OK sndrcs wckk dr vcry wckk ho `kk sua-ihsnhpkhocs, cxncpt Rrcvcothdo, wgcrc tgc sndrc hsjdrc jcihdnrcdo tgc dtgcr gòi, sd `rc tgdsc df jdst dtgcr nduotrhcs.

Ygc trìhthdo`k Iutng prdakcj df jcihdnrc sndrcs fdr U`hthoe thjcs g`s td ` erc`t cxtcot

acco rcnthfhci ay 120>. @s w`s dascrvci ay ^hnhkhòh & Gurst df tgc DCNI ho 122>/1229, òiho tgc CGNH 1223120>, w`hthoe khsts fdr spcnh`khst trc`tjcot, p`rìdxhn`kky, cxhst j`hoky honduotrhcs g`vhoe ER e`tcmccphoe (tgc rcquhrcjcot df ` rcfcrr`k frdj ` prhj`ry n`rc idntdr td

scc ` spcnh`khst).

ER e`tcmccphoe, ` ndrocrstdoc df tgc Iutng gc`ktgn`rc systcj (s`hi td tgc GNR ay ` fdrjcrIutng Jhohstcr df Gc`ktg) hs whicky ackhcvci td s`vc ndsts, `s wckk `s prdvhihoe ` ndothouuj dfn`rc, wghng hs ncrt`hoky acocfhnh`k td tgc p`thcot. @s nò ac scco frdj tgc rcfcrconcs ehvco ho^cnthdo 8.02.1 do hoihn`tdr 1.1, tgcrc hs od cvhiconc td suppdrt tgc ndst-rciunhoe gypdtgcshs.@ksd, `s nò ac scco ho ^cnthdo 3.0, tgc OK g`s rhsco ho gc`ktgn`rc spcoi td `ntu`kky g`vhoe tgc

ghegcst pcr n`pht` spcoi ho Curdpc(dutshic df wg`t tgc GNR hotcro`kky n`kks tgc tgrcc rhnga`st`ris= Odrw`y, ^whtzcrkòi oi Kuxcjadure, wgd g`vc ` EIRpcr n`pht` ho ` nk`ss df tgchrdwo). Yghs w`s dascrvci `krcìy ho tgc CGNH 1228, òi tgc shtu`thdo rcj`hos tgc s`jc.

0.0.0.> Aut Iutng gc`ktgn`rc hs tcrr hak y cxpcoshvc, hs ht odt4

Ho ndot`nts whtg gc`ktgn`rc ùtgdrhthcs `rduoi Curdpc, tgc àdvc qucsthdo hs wg`t `kjdstuohvcrs`kky pdps up do jcothdohoe tgc tdp pdshthdo df Ygc Octgcrkòis ho tgc CGNH. Ygc jdstfrcqucot cxpkò`tdry gypdtgcshs vcothk`tci ho tgcsc ihsnusshdos hs tg`t tgc jdick whtghoicpcoicot prhv`tc gc`ktgn`rc hosurònc sgduki ac doc j`ho rc`sdo fdr tgc gheg ndst kcvck.


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6

Fdr òy gujò `rc` df `nthvhty, ht hs vcry r`rc td scc ` jdick ac ` j`ldr rc`sdo acghoi

ndst/pcrfdrjònc ihffcrconcs. @ quhnm cx`jpkc frdj tgc `hrkhoc hoiustry, wghng hs prdaàky tgcj`ldr hoiustry jdst rcscjakhoe gc`ktgn`rc0 df trc`thoe tgc s`jc ndoihthdo ho ho-p`thcot gdspht`k ìjhttònc.

Ygc cxtcot td wghng tghs tròshthdo g`s acco jìc hs vcry icpcoicot do kdn`k prdfcsshdo`knukturcs. ^tuphihthcs ho fhoònhoe systcjs nò `ksd ac hjpdrtòt, sung ` rcjuocr`thoe gdspht`ks

pcr aci-i`y, nrc`thoe ò honcothvc fdr ho-p`thcot prdnciurcs. Doc prdjhocot cx`jpkc hshoihn`tdr 9.5 Ih`kyshs dutshic df nkhohn, wgcrc tgc dut-p`thcot sg`rc df ih`kyshs hs >8 % ho J`kt`òi 3 % ho Ecrjòy.

Ndoscqucotky, tgc r`thd df ho-p`thcot ndsts vs.tdt`k gc`ktgn`rc ndsts nò ac usci `s ` jc`surcdo struntur`k òthquhty df ` gc`ktgn`rc systcj. Yghs hs hkkustr`tci ho tgc er`pg ackdw<

0Ygc `hrkhoc hoiustry `ksd gòikcs j`ttcrs df khfc òi ic`tg, òi g`s ` vcry shjhk`r st`ffhoe strunturctgc rck`thdosghp actwccophkdts, nàho st`ff òi suppdrt st`ff jung rcscjakcs tg`t actwcco idntdrs, ourscs/p`r`jcihns òi suppdrt st`ff.

1Mcygdkc surecry, YSJY (uktr`-sduoi mhiocy stdoc nrusghoe), prdst`trdo (jhnrdw`vc trc`tjcot rcpk`nhoe surecry fdr prdst`tcgypcrtrdpgy) òi sndrcs df dtgcrs.


9/102



5

Fheurc 0.0.0.>`. Ygc ghegcst @othquhty hoicx hs fduoi ho Auke`rh`, Qdjòh` òi @kaòh` nduotrhcs wghng nòhkk `ffdri uoocncss`ry gc`ktgn`rc ndsts. Ygc Octgcrkòis `ksd g`s ` prdjhocot pdshthdo ho tgc òthquhty kcèuc.

Iutng gc`ktgn`rc ndsts `rc ~5> ahkkhdo Curds (1202, UGD Udrki Gc`ktg ^t`thsthns 120>). Ygc^wcihsg ho-p`thcot sg`rc df tdt`k gc`ktgn`rc ndsts hs 07 % kcss tgò tg`t df tgc OK. Hf Ygc

Octgcrkòis wduki g`vc tgc s`jc ho-p`thcot sg`rc df gc`ktgn`rc ndsts `s ^wcico, tgc pdtcoth`ks`vhoe nduki ac 1/> * 2.07 * ECSQ 5> : 7 ahkkhdo curds/yc`r!

A. Ho-p`thcot psyngh`trhn n`rc

Rsyngh`trhn n`rc hovdkvhoe ` gheg oujacr df p`thcots st`yhoe ` yc`r dr jdrc ho ò ho-p`thcothosthtuthdo w`s ndjjdo ho tgc 0852s. Ho rcncot yc`rs, jdst nduotrhcs g`vc tgdrduegkyrcfdrjci

psyngh`trhn n`rc, rcpk`nhoe ho-p`thcot n`rc (dki psyngh`trhn gdspht`ks, sdjcthjcs rcfcrrci td `skddoy ahos) whtg ` jukthtuic df dut-p`thcot fdrjs df n`rc.

I`t` do psyngh`trhn n`rc hs uousu`kky duti`tci òi sg`my, aut tgc er`pg ackdw sgdws tgc UGDGc`ktg fdr @kk i`t` do R`thcots st`yhoe ?>63 i`ys ho psyngh`trhn n`rc , pcr jhkkhdo pdpuk`thdo


10/102



7

Cvco tgdueg tgc i`t` qu`khty ho tgc àdvc er`pg hs qucsthdoàkc, ht sthkk hoihn`tcs ò dki, ndstkystrunturc df Iutng gc`ktgn`rc.

N.Kdoe-tcrj ecrh`trhn n`rc

@ffdrihoe eddi, scnurc n`rc fdr tgc honrc`shoe sg`rc df ckicrky pcdpkc hs ` ng`kkcoec fdr jòyCurdpcò nduotrhcs, p`rthnuk`rky tgdsc whtg ` kdw ahrtg r`tc òi gheg sg`rc df dki pcdpkc. Yd

stuiy gdw ihffcrcot nduotrhcs prhdrhthzc tghs, ht hs pdsshakc td n`knuk`tc % df EIR spcot do KdoeYhjc N`rc, ihvhici ay % df pdpuk`thdo 53 yc`rs df èc(scc er`pg ackdw).

Ygc acùty df tgc % df EIR / % df pdpuk`thdo 53+ p`r`jctcr hs tg`t hs ht sckf-n`khar`thoe, h.c.tgcrc hs od occi fdr n`knuk`thoe Rurng`shoe Rdwcr R`rhty dr dtgcr rìhd odhsc-cogònhoedpcr`thdos. Ygc er`pg ackdw hkkustr`tcs tghs cxcrnhsc


11/102



8

Fdr tgc Iutng, ht sgduki ac ò uoihjhohsgci sdurnc df ldy td ac khvhoe ho ` nduotry, wghng nò`ffdri tghs kcvck df spcoihoe. Gdwcvcr, tgcrc hs od icoh`k tg`t tghs hs ndstky.

Ht tgus sccjs tg`t `ntu`k jdics df dpcr`thoe tgc gc`ktgn`rc systcj ho Ygc Octgcrkòis ndukicxpk`ho tgc ghegpcr n`pht`gc`ktgn`rc spcoi, h.c.odt tgc jukth-p`ydr jdick. Hf tgc nduotry nò

`ffdri tghs, fhoc= aut `ksd fdr Dutndjcs òi p`thcot qu`khty df khfc rc`sdos, ` prder`jjc tdrciunc tgc sg`rc df ho-p`thcot n`rc wduki ac acocfhnh`k fdr tgc Iutng gc`ktgn`rc auiect!

0.0.1 whtzcrkòi

^hkvcr jci`kkhsts, 730 pdhots.

^whtzcrkòi g`s coldyci ` sdkhi rcput`thdo fdr cxnckkconc ho gc`ktgn`rc fdr ` kdoe thjc.Ygcrcfdrc ht hs odt surprhshoe tg`t wgco tgc o.`.s df prcvhdus CGNH cihthdos g`vc j`hoky accockhjho`tci, ^whtzcrkòi sndrcs gheg. Ndoshicrhoe tgc vcry rcspcntàkc ndsts pkduegci hotd tgc^whss gc`ktgn`rc systcj, ht sgduki! @kdoe whtg Ackehuj tgc doky nduotry td sndrc @kk Ercco do@nncsshahkhty.

0.0.> Hnckòi

Iuc td hts kdn`thdo ho tgc Odrtg @tkòthn, Hnckòi g`s acco fdrnci td auhki ` systcj df gc`ktgn`rcscrvhncs, wghng g`s tgc n`pàhkhty (odt ihjcoshdos!) df ` systcj scrvhoe ` ndupkc df jhkkhdo

pcdpkc, wghng hs scrvhoe doky >22 222 Hnckòicrs. Ygc Hnckòihn ardozc jci`k, whtg 707 pdhots,idcs odt ndjc `s ` surprhsc td tgc GNR rcsc`rng tc`j.

Ho 120>, Hnckòi coldys tgc ihsthonthdo df achoe tgc doky nduotry sndrhoe @kk Ercco do Dutndjcs^wcico òi Odrw`y g`vc irdppci dut df tghs erdup.

Hnckòi hs gòihn`ppci ho tgc Hoicx ay achoe dutshic df tgc CS. Ho 120>, irue s`kcs i`t``v`hkàkc td tgc CGNH prdlcnt g`vc acco suppkhci ay tgc Hnckòihn pg`rj`ny acocfhts systcj.

Ht `ksd sccjs tg`t `kk spcnuk`thdo àdut tgc fhoònh`k nrhshs `ffcnthoe Hnckòihn gc`ktgn`rc g`sacco cxèecr`tci. A`shn`kky, Hnckòi hs ` vcry wc`ktgy nduotry, wghng hs `ksd prdvci ay tgcspcciy rcndvcry frdj tgc nrhshs.

K`nmhoe hts dwo spcnh`khst qu`khfhn`thdo tr`hohoe fdr idntdrs, Hnckòi idcs prdaàky acocfht frdj` systcj, wghng rcscjakcs tgc jcihcv`k rukcs fdr n`rpcotcrs òi j`sdos< fdr ` oujacr df yc`rs`ftcr qu`khfhn`thdo, tgcsc nr`ftsjco wcrc fdrahiico td scttkc idwo, òi fdrnci td spcoi ` oujacrdf yc`rs wòicrhoe `rduoi wdrmhoe fdr ihffcrcot auhkicrs. O`tur`kky, tgcy ihi kc`ro ` kdt dfihffcrcot smhkks `kdoe tgc w`y. Xduoe Hnckòihn idntdrs ecocr`kky spcoi 7 02 yc`rs `ftcr

erìu`thdo wdrmhoe ho òdtgcr nduotry, òi tgco frcqucotky ndjc a`nm (òi tgcy id odt occitd j`rry ` j`stcr auhkicrs whidw td sct up sgdp!).Odt doky id tgcy kc`ro ` kdttgcy `ksd ecteddi ndot`nts uscfuk fdr ndjpkhn`tci n`scs< tgc Hnckòihn idntdr f`nci whtg ` n`sc odt pdsshakctd gòikc ho Hnckòi, typhn`kky phnms up tgc pgdoc òi n`kks ghs/gcr cx-adss, dr ` smhkkcindkkcèuc, `t ` wckk-rcspcntci gdspht`k àrdì òi `sms< Nduki ydu t`mc tghs p`thcot4, òifrcqucotky ects tgc rcpky< Rut ghj do ` pkòc!

0.0.9 Icoj`rm

Icoj`rm w`s n`t`puktci hotd 1oipk`nc ay tgc hotrdiunthdo df tgc c-Gc`ktg sua-ihsnhpkhoc ho tgcCGNH 1227. Icoj`rm g`s acco do ` ndothoudus rhsc shonc ht w`s fhrst honkuici ho tgc CGNH

1226. Hotcrcsthoeky, wgco tgc CGNH 1201 w`s rcvcrtci td tgc CGNH 1225 strunturc, Icoj`rmsurvhvci tghs whtg fkyhoe ndkdurs òi rct`hoci tgc shkvcr jci`k whtg 711 pdhots! Gdwcvcr, ho


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120>, tgc hotrdiunthdo df tgc Rrcvcothdo sua-ihsnhpkhoc ihi gdt gckp Icoj`rm, wghng kdscs 12pdhots do tghs sua-ihsnhpkhoc rck`thvc td èercsshvc ndjpcthtdr Hnckòi, aut sthkk sndrcs òhjprcsshvc 703 pdhots òi ` 9tgpk`nc ho tgc CGNH. @ odt-vcry-snhcothfhn hotcrprct`thdo df tgckdss do Rrcvcothdo hs prdvhici ay tgc nk`sshn Iòhsg rcpky wgco ndofrdotci whtg tgc f`nt tg`tj`kc khfc cxpcntòny hs 3 yc`rs kcss ho Icoj`rm tgò `nrdss tgc w`tcr ho ^wcico< Uc g`vcjdrc fuo wghkc ht k`sts!

Icoj`rm hs doc df doky tgrcc nduotrhcs sndrhoe do Frcc ngdhnc df n`rcehvcr ho tgc CS`ftcrtgc nrhtcrh` wcrc thegtcoci td j`tng tgc CS ihrcnthvc, òi `ksd do g`vhoe ` gdspht`k rcehstry dotgc Hotcroct sgdwhoe wghng gdspht`ks g`vc tgc acst jcihn`k rcsukts.

0.0.3 Odrw`y

3tgpk`nc, 70> pdhots. Odrwcehò wc`ktg òi vcry ghegpcr n`pht`spcoi do gc`ktgn`rc sccjs tdac p`yhoe dffOdrw`y g`s acco skdwky aut stcìhky rhshoe ho tgc CGNH ròmhoe dvcr tgc yc`rs.Yrìhthdo`kky, Odrwcehò p`thcots ndjpk`hoci àdut w`hthoe thjcs tghs g`s suashici

sheohfhnòtky. Eddi dutndjcs, aut sdjcthjcs surprhshoeky rcstrhnthvc do hoodv`thvcpg`rj`ncuthn`ks do erduois, wghng nò g`riky ac fhoònh`k.

0.0.6 Ackehuj

Rcrg`ps tgc jdst ecocrdus gc`ktgn`rc systcj ho Curdpc>sccjs td g`vc edt hts qu`khty òi i`t`rcpdrthoe `nts tdectgcr, òi ròms 6tgho tgc CGNH 120> (585 pdhots). @ skhegtky oce`thvc surprhschs tg`t Ackehuj sthkk, `s ho 1201, g`s tgc wdrst oujacr fdr `nutc gc`rt hof`rnt survhv`k ho gdspht`kho tgc DCNI Gc`ktg I`t`.

0.0.5 Ecrjòy

Ecrjòy (5tg

, 586 pdhots) tddm ` sg`rp ihvc ho tgc CGNH 1201, skhihoe ho tgc ròmhoe frdj 6tg

(1228) td 09tg. @s w`s gypdtgcshsci ho tgc CGNH 1201 rcpdrt, wgco p`thcot dreòhs`thdos wcrcsurprhshoeky oce`thvc, tghs nduki g`vc acco ò `rtcf`nt nrc`tci ay Ecrjò prdpcoshty fdrerujakhoe,h.c.tg`t tgc `ntu`k ictcrhdr`thdo df tgc trìhthdo`kky cxnckkcot `nncsshahkhty td gc`ktgn`rc w`s kcss scvcrc tgò wg`t tgc puakhn tgduegt, òi tgc oce`thvc rcspdoscs wcrc ò `rtcf`ntdf sgdnm `t cvcrytghoe odt achoe frcc òyjdrc.

Ygc 120> survcy rcsukts sccj td ndofhrj tghs tgcdry, òi ht wduki `ppc`r tg`t Ecrjò p`thcotsg`vc ihsndvcrci tg`t tghoes `rc odt sd aì `ftcr `kk, whtg Jrs. Jcrmck achoe Pucco df Curdpc.

Ecrjòy g`s trìhthdo`kky gì wg`t nduki ac icsnrhaci `s tgc jdst rcstrhnthdo-frcc òindosujcr-drhcotci gc`ktgn`rc systcj ho Curdpc, whtg p`thcots `kkdwci td sccm `kjdst òy typc

df n`rc tgcy whsg wgcocvcr tgcy wòt ht (strdoecr do quòthty tgò do qu`khty). Ygc j`horc`sdo Ecrjòy hs odt coeèci ho tgc fhegt fdr jci`ks hs tgc jcihdnrhty df Dutndjcs (òiEcrjòy òi jcihdnrc qu`khty `rc r`rcky gc`ri ho tgc s`jc scotconc!). Yghs hs prdaàkyiuc td ` ng`r`ntcrhsthn df tgc Ecrjò gc`ktgn`rc systcj< ` k`rec oujacr df r`tgcr sj`kk ecocr`kgdspht`ks, odt spcnh`khzhoe.

Ho tgc fccia`nm rduoi frdj o`thdo`k gc`ktgn`rc adihcs, tgc rcspdosc frdj tgc EcrjòAuoicsjhohstcrhuj fr Ecsuoigcht (AJE) ndot`hoci ò hotcrcsthoe rcfcrconc td ` stuiy dfw`hthoe thjcs ho Ecrjò prhj`ry n`rc. Ht hs `kjdst hrrckcvòt wg`t tgc `ntu`k oujacrs wcrc ho

>^djc wduki s`y dvcr-ecocrdus< ` pcrsdo`k frhcoi df tgc GNR tc`j, khvhoe ho Arusscks, w`s mhio`ppci òi gcki ho gdspht`kfdr 6 i`ys(!) `ftcr suffcrhoe ` vèuc ngcst p`ho doc jdrohoe `t wdrm.


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tg`t stuiy= tgc uoht df thjc usci td jc`surc òi ò`kysc prhj`ry n`rc `nncsshahkhty w`s odtjdotgs, wccms dr i`ys, aut jhoutcs!

0.0.7 Kuxcjadure

Kuxcjadure, achoe tgc wc`ktghcst nduotry ho tgc CS, nduki `ffdri td auhki hts dwondjprcgcoshvc gc`ktgn`rc systcj. Sokhmc Hnckòi, Kuxcjadure g`s acco àkc td n`pht`khzc dohts ncotr`k kdn`thdo ho Curdpc. Uhtg ` kcvck df ndjjdo scosc wghng hs uousu`k ho tgc ho-sdurnhoe-prdoc puakhn scntdr, Kuxcjadure g`s odt idoc tghs, òi g`s fdr ` kdoe thjc `kkdwcihts nhthzcos td sccm n`rc ho ochegadurhoe nduotrhcs. Ht sccjs tg`t tgcy id sccm n`rc ho eddigdspht`ks.

0.0.8 Fhokòi

02tg, 55> pdhots. @s tgc CGNH ròmhoe hoihn`tcs, Fhokòi g`s cstàkhsgci htsckf `jdoe tgcCurdpcò ng`jphdos, whtg tdp dutndjcs t f`hrky kdw ndst. Ho f`nt, Fhokòi hs kcìcr ho v`kuc-

fdr-jdocy gc`ktgn`rc.Ndjp`rci whtg ^wcico, Icoj`rm òi dtgcr Odrihn nduotrhcs, Fhoohsg gc`ktgn`rc hs sdjcwg`tdki-stykc ho tgc scosc tg`t o`thdo`k ùtgdrhthcs g`vc odt p`hi tdd jung `ttcothdo td uscr-frhcoikhocss. Yghs jcòs tg`t w`hthoe thjcs `rc sthkk kdoe, prdvhshdo df ndjfdrt n`rc sung `s

n`t`r`nt surecry òi icot`k n`rc hs khjhtci òi tg`t dut df pdnmct-p`yjcot, `ksd fdr prcsnrhpthdoirues, hs sheohfhnòtky ghegcr tgò fdr Odrihn ochegadurs.

Yghs prdaàky jcòs tg`t tgc puakhn p`ydrs òi pdkhthnhòs `rc kcss scoshthvc td n`rc

ndosujcrhsj tgò ho dtgcr `ffkucot nduotrhcs. Cvco hf tgc dutndjcs `rc cxnckkcot, tgc r thdohoedf cxpcoshvc n`rc sung `s mhiocy tròspkòts prdaàky t`mcs hts tdkk. Fhoohsg shsu hs od rcjciyfdr scvcrc hkkocss.

0.0.02 @ustrh`

@ustrh` suffcrci ` irdp ho ròm ho 1201, òi g`s jìc ` skhegt rcaduoi ho 120> (nf.Ecrjòy).Ygc hotrdiunthdo df tgc @adrthdo hoihn`tdr idcs odt gckp< @ustrh` idcs odt g`vc tgc aò doàdrthdo fduoi ho Rdkòi òi tgrcc jdrc nduotrhcs, aut àdrthdo hs odt n`rrhci dut ho tgc puakhngc`ktgn`rc systcj. Ugctgcr @ustrh` sgduki icscrvc ` Qci dr ò o.`. sndrc do tghs hoihn`tdrnduki ac ` j`ttcr df ihsnusshdotgcrc `rc od dffhnh`k àdrthdo st`thsthns.


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0.0.00 Sohtci MhoeidjCoekòi/U`kcs vs.^ndtkòi

Fdr scvcr`k yc`rs, tgc GNR g`s acco ureci td scp`r`tc Coekòi òi ^ndtkòi hotgc CGNH do tgc erduois tg`t ^ndtkòi g`s hts dwo O`thdo`k Gc`ktg ^crvhnc.

Ho tgc CGNH 120>, tghs g`s fho`kky acco idoc. @odtgcr rc`sdo td scp`r`tc dut^ndtkòi hs tg`t tgc ^ndtthsg gc`ktgn`rc spcoi pcr n`pht`hs ~02 % ghegcr tgòtgc Coekhsgwduki tg`t j`mc ` ihffcrconc4

Ygc ^ndtthsg OG^ icscrvcs rcndeohthdo fdr prdvhihoe cxnckkcot Hotcroct `nncsstd gc`ktgn`rc i`t` (www.hsisndtkòi.dre/), edhoe td sung kcoetgs `s prdiunhoe `spcnh`k vcrshdo df tgc UGD Gc`ktg fdr @kk i`tà`sc whtg ^ndtkòi `s ` scp`r`tcnduotry. Ygc doky prdakcj whtg ^ndtthsg i`t` hs tg`t ho truc Arhthsg trìhthdo,

p`r`jctcrs `rc odt ocncss`rhky jc`surci ho ` w`y wghng hs ndjp`thakc whtgUGD dr dtgcr jc`surcjcots. Doc cx`jpkc hs @kndgdk hot`mc, wgcrc tgcndjjdo jc`surc hs khtrcs df purc `kndgdk pcr yc`r. Ygc ^ndtthsg i`t` `rc uohtsdf `kndgdk pcr i`y/wccm. Fdrtuo`tcky, do tghs òi dtgcr p`r`jctcrs, tgc s`jc

jctgdi df jc`surhoe nò ac fduoi fdr dtgcr p`rts df tgc SM. @s tgc sndrhoe hotgc CGNH hs ` rck`thvc jc`surcjcot, tgc ^ndtthsg sndrcs do sdjc hoihn`tdrs g`vc

acco dat`hoci ay ndjp`rhoe whtg Coekòi.

Doc sung hs Icprcsshdo, wgcrc ^ndtkòi idcs odt `ppc`r ho tgc j`ho sdurnc usci(` Curda`rdjctcr survcy). Ygc ^ndtthsg Qci sndrc stcjs frdj ` AAN ocws htcjst`thoe tg`t 03 % df ^ndts sccm jcihn`k `ttcothdo fdr icprcsshdo cvcry yc`r9,wghng hs `kjdst twhnc tgc oujacr fdr Coekòi.

@s nò ac sccj ho tgc cxncrpt frdj tgc CGNH j`trhx (rhegt), tgcrc `rc 01hoihn`tdrs dut df 97, wgcrc ^ndtkòi òi Coekòi sndrc ihffcrcotky. @s hs sgdwo

ay tgc er`pgs ho ^cnthdo 8.02, tgc `ntu`k ihffcrconc hs jdicst ho jdst df tgcsc

n`scs. ^thkk, tgc ihffcrconc ho tdt`k sndrc< 508 fdr ^ndtkòi òi 507 fdr Coekòi,hs `kjdst uonòohky sj`kk!

Doc hotcrcsthoe ndrocr df tgc j`trhx hs Dutndjcs fdr Gc`rt Hof`rnt (òi strdmc,acfdrc tg`t hoihn`tdr w`s t`mco dut iuc td i`t` qu`khty prdakcjs)< hf tgc CGNHwcrc td usc puakhn gc`ktg hoihn`tdrs, ^ndtkòi wduki sndrc j`rmciky wdrsc tgòCoekòi. Ht sccjs tg`t ^ndtthsg gc`ktgn`rc g`s ec`rci up td tghs, òi modwhoetg`t gc`rt ihsc`sc hs ` ahe prdakcj ho ^ndtkòi g`vc put ò cffdrt hotd prdvhihoeeddi n`rc fdr gc`rt ndoihthdos. @o hotcrcsthoe p`r`kkck n`sc wduki ac Rdkòi,wghng g`s ` NVI ic`tg r`tc do p`r whtg Ecrjòy dr ^wcico= `pprdxhj`tckyg`kf df tg`t df ochegadurs Nzcng Qcpuakhn dr tgc A`kthn st`tcs. @s doc pòck

cxpcrt s`hi àdut Rdkhsg eddi rcsukts< Ygcy ncrt`hoky g`vc ` kdt dfn`rihdkdehsts!

Ygc CGNH p`thcot dreòhs`thdo survcy ndofhrjs tgc nk`hjs frdj tgc Coekhsg OG^tg`t tgc vcry k`rec rcsdurncs hovcstci ho rciunhoe w`hthoe khst prdakcjs ho Arhthsggc`ktgn`rc g`vc p`hi dff, cvco tgdueg tgc S.M. hs sthkk icfhohtcky ` p`rt dfCurdpcò w`hthoe khst tcrrhtdry(scc `ksd ^cnthdo 6.6!). Ygc cffdrts td nkcò upgdspht`ks td rciunc rcshstòt gdspht`k hofcnthdos g`vc `ksd p`hi dff< fdr tgc fhrstthjc ho tgc CGNH, SM Coekòi sndrcs @jacr do tghs hoihn`tdr. Sofdrtuo`tcky,Coekòi idcs sndrc ` str`hegt @jacr do `kk tgc Dutndjcs hoihn`tdrs!

9gttp


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Ygcrc hs rc`kky od rc`sdo td cxpcnt td fhoi sheohfhnòt ihffcrconcs actwcco Coekòi òi ^ndtkòijcrcky acnùsc tgcy g`vc scp`r`tc gc`ktgn`rc ìjhohstr`thdos. Ygc a`shn dreòhs`thdo`k nukturcs`rc sthkk vcry shjhk`r, cotrcongci ho ER rcfcrr`k systcjs, wghng odt uocxpcntciky `rc `ssdnh`tciwhtg w`hthoe thjcs fdr spcnh`khst scrvhncs. Ht sgduki ac odtci tg`t tgcrc hs vcry khttkc cvhiconctg`t g`vhoe scp`r`tc scts df aurcùnr`ts idcs hofkuconc òytghoe. Cxpcnthoe jhohj`k ihffcrconcswduki tgcrcfdrc ac tgc o`tur`k tghoe.

Hf ndoocntci whtg tghoes ho rc`k khfc `t `kk, tgc 02 % ghegcr pcr n`pht` gc`ktgn`rc spcoi ho^ndtkòi nduki `t kc`st p`rth`kky ac jdthv`tci ay puakhn gc`ktg f`ntdrs sung `s gc`rt ihsc`sc,`kndgdk ndosujpthdo òi icprcsshdo achoe aheecr prdakcjs ho ^ndtkòi tgò ho Coekòi.

0.0.01 Hrckòi

09tgpk`nc (odt nduothoe ^ndtkòi).

Hrckòi hs gòehoe do td hts 09tgpk`nc ay tgc tcctg. Ygc nduotry g`s eddi dffhnh`k st`thsthns dow`hthoe thjcs `kk dvcr gc`ktgn`rc, òi tg`t i`t` g`s acco `kkdwci td prcv`hk. Gdwcvcr, fdr

scvcr`k CGNH yc`rs, Hrhsg p`thcot dreòhs`thdos g`vc acco rìhn`kky jdrc pcsshjhsthn ho tgchrrcspdoscs td tgc survcy ndoiuntci `s p`rt df CGNH rcsc`rng. Ht hs wckk modwo tg`tnustdjcrs/p`thcots g`vc kdoe jcjdrhcs fdr kcss eddi tghoes, aut hf tgc s`jc pcsshjhsthn rcsuktsrcdnnur ho 1209, iduats just ac r`hsci do tgc v`khihty df dffhnh`k st`thsthns.

Ygc f`nt tg`t Hrckòi g`s tgc ghegcst % df pdpuk`thdo (? 92 %= idwo frdj 31 % twd yc`rs èd3)purng`shoe iupkhn`tc gc`ktgn`rc hosurònc `ksd prcscots ` prdakcj< sgduki tg`t ac rce`rici `sò cxtrcjc n`sc df ihss`thsf`nthdo whtg tgc puakhn systcj, dr shjpky `s ` tcngohn`k sdkuthdo fdr

prdercsshvc t`x`thdo4

0.0.0> wcico

^wcico hs tujakhoe ho tgc CGNH 120> frdj 6tgpk`nc td 00tg t 536 pdhots, wghng hs doky 6 pdhotsidwo frdj tgc 1201 v`kuc df 561 pdhots. Ygc rc`sdo fdr tgc kdss df pdshthdos tgus nòodt acs`hi td ac tg`t gc`ktgn`rc scrvhncs ho ^wcico g`vc acndjc wdrsc, aut tg`t dtgcr nduotrhcs g`vchjprdvci jdrc.

^wcico sndrcs surprhshoeky wckk ho tgc ocw sua-ihsnhpkhoc Rrcvcothdo, ndoshicrhoe tg`t tgcnduotrys gc`ktgn`rc systcj g`s ` kdoe trìhthdo df stccrhoe p`thcots `w`y frdj t`mhoe up thjc

fdr tgchr idntdr uokcss rc`kkyshnm.

^wcico kdscs vht`k pdhots `s ht od kdoecr sndrcs @kk Ercco do Dutndjcs `ftcr tgc hotrdiunthdodf tgc hoihn`tdr @adrthdo r`tcs. ^wcico coldys tgc ndjpòhdosghp doky df ` oujacr df NCCnduotrhcs g`vhoe jdrc tgò >2 àdrthdos pcr 022 khvc ahrtgs, wghng ho turo hs prdaàky ` kcft-

dvcr frdj acfdrc 0882. Ho Qussh`, àdrthdo hs sthkk usci `s ` ndjjdo ndotr`ncpthvc, whtg 83àdrthdos pcr 022 ahrtgs (òi tg`t hs idwo frdj 062 ho tgc jhi-0882s). Ht sgduki ac ìici tg`tCGNH t`mcs ` nrhthn`k vhcw do tgc fdur nduotrhcs cxcnuthoe ` kce`k aò do àdrthdo.

@t tgc s`jc thjc, tgc odtdrhdusky pddr ^wcihsg `nncsshahkhty shtu`thdo sccjs vcry ihffhnukt tdrcnthfy, ho sphtc df st`tc edvcrojcot cffdrts td sthjuk`tc tgc icncotr`khzci nduoty-dpcr`tcigc`ktgn`rc systcj td sgdrtco w`hthoe khsts. Ygc GNR survcy td p`thcot dreòhz`thdos ndofhrjstgc phnturc dat`hoci frdj tgc dffhnh`k sdurncwww.vòtcthicr.sc,tg`t tgc t`rects fdr j`xhjujw`hthoe thjcs, wghng do ` Curdpcò sn`kc `rc vcry jdicst, `rc odt rc`kky jct. Ygc t`rect fdrj`xhjuj w`ht ho ^wcico td scc ydur prhj`ry n`rc idntdr (od jdrc tgò 5 i`ys) hsuoicr`nghcvci doky ay Rdrtue`k, wgcrc tgc ndrrcspdoihoe fheurc hs ; 03 i`ys. Ho tgc GNR

3DCNI Gc`ktg `t ` Ekònc, 1201.
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survcy, ^wcihsg p`thcots p`hot tgc jdst oce`thvc phnturc df `nncsshahkhty df òy o`thdo hoCurdpc. R`rthnuk`rky nòncr n`rc w`hts, odt kc`st ho tgc n`pht`k ^tdnmgdkj, sccj hogujòc!

@odtgcr w`y df cxprcsshoe tgc vht`k qucsthdo< Ugy nò @kaòh` dpcr`tc hts gc`ktgn`rc scrvhncswhtg pr`nthn`kky zcrd w`hthoe thjcs, òi ^wcico nòodt4

0.0.09 Erccnc

Ho 13tgpk`nc (odt nduothoe ^ndtkòi), idwo frdj 11oiho 1201.

Erccnc hs rcpdrthoe ` ir`j`thn icnkhoc ho gc`ktgn`rc spcoi pcr n`pht`< idwo 17 % actwcco 1228òi 1200! Yghs hs ` tdt`kky uohquc oujacr fdr Curdpc= `ksd ho nduotrhcs wghng `rc rcndeohzci`s g`vhoe acco ght ay tgc fhoònh`k nrhshs, sung `s Rdrtue`k, Hrckòi, ^p`ho, Ht`ky, Cstdoh`, K`tvh`,Khtguòh` ctn, od dtgcr nduotry g`s rcpdrtci ` jdrc scvcrc icnrc`sc ho gc`ktgn`rc spcoi tgò `tcjpdr`ry scta`nm ho tgc dricr df ; 02 % (scc @ppcoihx 1).

Erccnc g`s j`rmciky ngòeci hts trìhthdo`k gàht `s cècr òi c`rky ìdptcr df odvckpg`rj`ncuthn`ks td acndjc jung jdrc rcstrhnthvc.

Erccnc kcìs Curdpc ay ` whic j`reho ho tgc oujacr df idntdrspcr n`pht`(ackdw), òi `ksdg`s tgc ghegcst oujacr df pg`rj`nhstspcr n`pht`. ^thkk tgc phnturc df Erccm gc`ktgn`rc, p`hotci

ay tgc p`thcot dreòhs`thdo rcspdoscs, idcs odt `t `kk hoihn`tc òy sdrt df gc`ktgy ndjpcththdo tdprdvhic supcrhdr gc`ktgn`rc scrvhncs.

Fheurc 0.0.01 Rgyshnhòs pcr 022 222 pdpuk`thdo (ardì a`rs) òi Oujacr df idntdr `ppdhotjcotspcr n`pht`(yckkdw o`rrdw a`rs).

Ht wduki sccj `kjdst supcro`tur`k tg`t Erccnc nò mccp g`vhoe tgc k`rec oujacr df idntdrsòi pg`rj`nhsts (` rcpdrt frdj 120> sthkk ehvcs ?6 idntdrs pcr 0222 pdpuk`thdo), uokcss tgcscg`vc t`mco vcry suastòth`k rciunthdo df hondjc. Ht sccjs prdaàkc, tg`t tgc rcpdrts df ìcnrc`sc df gc`ktgn`rc spcoi df ò dricr quhtc uohquc ho Curdpc (tgc -17 % àdvc) `rc `s


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nrcihakc `s Erccm oujacrs do hts cndodjy prcscotci acfdrc cotcrhoe tgc Curdpcò Jdoct`rySohdo.

Ug`t g`s ngòeci ho Erccnc hs tgc rcìhocss td ìdpt ocw irues. @s Hoihn`tdr 6.3 (ocw`rtgrhths jcihn`thdo) sgdws, Erccnc g`s ho sdjc n`scs rìhn`kky ngòeci hts prcvhdus ecocrdus

`tthtuic td tgc hotrdiunthdo df odvck, cxpcoshvc pg`rj`ncuthn`ks.Ht icscrvcs td ac jcothdoci tg`t tgc hoihn`tdrs do Dutndjcs (trc`tjcot rcsukts) id odt sgdw `wdrscohoe df rcsukts fdr Erccnc.

0.0.03 Ygc Nzcng Qcpuakhn

Ygc Nzcng Qcpuakhn g`s `kw`ys acco tgc st`r pcrfdrjcr `jdoe NCC nduotrhcs, òi ho 120>rct`hos hts 03tgpk`nc, kcìhoe tgc erdup df NCC nduotrhcs.

0.0.06 Rdrtue`k

J`mcs ` vcry hjprcsshvc nkhja< 06 tgpk`nc do 650 pdhots (up frdj 13tgpk`nc ho 1201). Yghs hs`kk tgc jdrc rcj`rmàkc, `s Rdrtue`k hs doc df tgc nduotrhcs jdst odtàky `ffcntci ay tgc curdnrhshs!

0.0.05 @kaòh`

18tgpk`nc, 391 pdhots. @kaòh` hs honkuici ho tgc CGNH `t tgc rcqucst df tgc @kaòhò Jhohstrydf Gc`ktg. @kaòh`, `s nò ac scco àdvc òi ho ^cnthdo 3.0, idcs g`vc vcry khjhtci gc`ktgn`rcrcsdurncs. Ygc nduotry `vdhis coihoe up k`st nghcfky iuc td ` vcry strdoe pcrfdrjònc do@nncss, wgcrc p`thcot dreòhz`thdos `ksd ho 120> ndofhrjci tgc dffhnh`k jhohstry vcrshdo tg`tw`hthoe thjcs csscoth`kky id odt cxhst.

Ygc jhohstry cxpkò`thdo fdr tghs w`s tg`t @kaòhòs `rc ` g`riy kdt, wgd doky ed td tgc idntdrwgco n`rrhci tgcrc, h.c.uoicruthkhz`thdo df tgc gc`ktgn`rc systcj. Yghs hs ò dvcrshjpkhfhn`thdo=@kaòhòs vhsht tgchr prhj`ry n`rc idntdr jdrc tgò twhnc `s dftco `s ^wcics (>.8 vhshts pcr yc`rvs.0.5)!

0.0.07 crah`

@ftcr ^crah`s fhrst honkushdo ho tgc CGNH ho 1201, tgcrc wcrc sdjc vcry strdoe rc`nthdos frdjtgc Jhohstry df Gc`ktg ho Ackerìc, nk`hjhoe tg`t tgc sndrcs wcrc uof`hr. Hotcrcsthoeky, tgcrc`ksd wcrc rc`nthdos frdj dreòhs`thdos df jcihn`k prdfcsshdo`ks ho ^crah` nk`hjhoe tg`t tgc^crahò sndrcs wcrc hofk`tci, òi tg`t tgc CGNH idcs odt t`mc ndrrupthdo ho gc`ktgn`rc systcjsscrhdusky codueg. Ygc doky ihrcntky ndrrupthdo-rck`tci hoihn`tdr hs Soicr-tgc-tàkc p`yjcots td

idntdrs, wgcrc ^crah` idcs sndrc Qci. Sofdrtuo`tcky, ^crah` fhohsgcs k`st `ksd ho 120>.

0.1 Fhoònh`k nrhshs hjp`nt do Curdpcò gc`ktgn`rc4

Yghs hs doc df tgc jdst frcqucot qucsthdos `smci td GNR st`ff ho jccthoes whtg gc`ktgn`rcicnhshdo j`mcrs. Yghs hssuc g`s acco ehvco spcnh`k `ttcothdo ho tgc wdrm do tgc CGNH shonc1201.

Ygc CGNH 120> g`s jdrc hoihn`tdrs ho tgc sua-ihsnhpkhocs Qòec òi rc`ng df scrvhncs òiRg`rj`ncuthn`ks, pkus tgc ocw sua-ihsnhpkhoc Rrcvcothdo (tdt`kky 97 hoihn`tdrs vs.91 ho 1201).

Ygc jdrc hoihn`tdrs hotrdiunci, tgc jdrc ihffhnukt ht acndjcs fdr nduotrhcs td rc`ng vcry ghegsndrcs, `s od nduotry hs cxnckkcot `t cvcrytghoe. Hf tgc oujacr df hoihn`tdrs wcrc td ac honrc`sci


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06

ir`j`thn`kky, nduotrhcs wduki tcoi td jher`tc tdw`ris tgc ncotrc df er`vhty, wghng hs 665

pdhots. @ksd, whtg tgc cxncpthdo df ` fcw hoihn`tdrs, tgc sndrc ihstrhauthdo hs strhntky rck`thvc,wgy ht hs ihffhnukt td usc tgc str`hegt jcò sndrc td ictcnt ihffcrconcs dvcr thjc.

Gdwcvcr, tgc dvcr`kk tdt`k sndrcs sccj td hoihn`tc wg`t nduki ac ` j`nrd cffcnt df tgc fhoònh`k

nrhshs. Ho tgc tdt`k sndrcs sgdwo ho Fheurc 9.0 ackdw, tgc tdp coi df tgc ròmhoe ho 120> sgdws` ndoncotr`thdo df tgc wc`ktghcr nduotrhcs, wghng hs jdrc davhdus tgò ho òy prcvhdus cihthdo.Ht wduki sccj tg`t tgcsc nduotrhcs g`vc acco àkc td `vdhi tgc (r`tgcr jdicst) cffcnts df tgcfhoònh`k nrhshs, wghng g`vc `ffcntci kcss `ffkucot nduotrhcs.

Yghs nò ac hotcrprctci tg`t tgc fhoònh`k nrhshs g`s rcsuktci ho ` skhegt aut odthncàkc

honrc`sc df hocquhtydf gc`ktgn`rc scrvhncs nrdss Curdpc.

Ugco rcsukts `rc ò`kysci `t hoihn`tdr kcvck, sdjc tcoiconhcs sccj td ac ictcntàkc6.3 (scnthdo 8.00.6), s`vhoe do tgc hotrdiunthdo/icpkdyjcot dfirues, p`rthnuk`rky odvck, p`tcotci (cxpcoshvc) irues, sccjs td ac ` vcry pdpuk`r t`nthn fdrndot`hohoe gc`ktgn`rc ndsts ho jòy nduotrhcs. Yghs g`s acco dascrvci `ksd ho prcvhdus GNRHoihncs6.

Yghs hs p`rthnuk`rky davhdus fdr Erccnc` nduotry, wghng trìhthdo`kky g`s acco ` quhnm òircìy ìdptcr df odvck irues. Ygc Erccm puakhn ahkk fdr prcsnrhpthdo irues w`s 7 ahkkhdo curd `sk`tc `s 1202, fdr 00 jhkkhdo pcdpkc. @s ` ndjp`rhsdo, tgc ^wcihsg ndrrcspdoihoe oujacr w`s9 ahkkhdo curds fdr 8 jhkkhdo pcdpkc irue prhncs g`vc trìhthdo`kky acco kdwcr ho Erccnc.Yg`t Erccm rcìhocss td hotrdiunc ocw irues g`s irdppci ir`j`thn`kky, `kdoe whtg tgc

hotrdiunthdo df ecocrhn suasthtuthdo.

Hotcrcsthoeky, `ksd wc`ktgy nduotrhcs sung `s ^wcico òi ^whtzcrkòi g`vc usci tgc t`nthn(4) dfcxtcoihoe tgc ick`y actwcco rcehstr`thdo df ` irue òi hts honkushdo ho tgc pg`rj`ny acocfhtssystcjs. @nndrihoe td CFRH@ i`t`, adtg nduotrhcs g`vc prdkdoeci tghs pcrhdi ay ~32 i`ys

actwcco 1200 òi 1201.

0.1.> Honrc`sc ho prhv`tc dut-df-pdnmct sg`rc df gc`ktgn`rc ndsts4

@s f`r `s tgc i`t` do tghs p`r`jctcr ho tgc UGD i`tà`sc nò ac rce`rici `s rc`sdoàky`nnur`tc, tgcrc sccjs td ac ` skhegt tcoicony tdw`ris ghegcr prhv`tc p`yjcots cxprcssci `s

6 Ygc Curd Gcp`thths Hoicx 1201, gttp


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05

sg`rc df tdt`k gc`ktgn`rc cxpcoihturc. Yghs tcoicony hs jdst ictcntàkc ho kcss `ffkucot NCCnduotrhcs, òi ho nduotrhcs `ssdnh`tci whtg achoe vhnthjs df tgc fhoònh`k nrhshs (scc Er`pg

ackdw).

Er`pg 9.1.>Akuc a`rs< tgc 1202 kcvck df puakhn fhoònhoe. Qci/Xckkdw/Ercco a`rs< k`tcst `v`hkàkc kcvck dfpuakhn fhoònhoe. Ho NCC òi sdjc nduotrhcs `ssdnh`tci whtg tgc fhoònc nrhshs (Rdrtue`k, odt Erccnc, Guoe`ry,

K`tvh`, Auke`rh`, Hrckòi) tgcrc sccjs td ac ` skhegt icnrc`sc ho tgc % df puakhn fhoònhoe. Yghs hs odt, dr g`riky`t `kk, ictcntàkc fdr cndodjhn`kky stàkc, jdrc `ffkucot Curdpcò st`tcs. Ygc Qdjòhò 022 % ho 1202 ihi odticscrvc nrcihahkhty, òi g`s hoicci acco ndrrcntci. Ygc ^kdv`mhò Ercco hs a`sci do iduakc-ngcnmci i`t` frdjtgc ^M Jhohstry df Gc`ktg.

0.> AAA= Ahsj`rnm Ac`ts Acvcrhiecodw ` pcrjòcot fc`turc

Ygc Octgcrkòis cx`jpkc sccjs td ac irhvhoe gdjc tgc ahe, fho`k o`hk ho tgc ndffho df Acvcrhiecgc`ktgn`rc systcjs, òi tgc kcssdo hs nkc`r< Qcjdvc pdkhthnhòs òi dtgcr `j`tcurs frdjdpcr`thvc icnhshdo-j`mhoe ho wg`t jhegt wckk ac tgc jdst ndjpkcx hoiustry do tgc f`nc df tgcC`rtg< Gc`ktgn`rc! Acvcrhiec systcjs sccj td ac dpcr`thdo`k whtg eddi rcsukts doky ho sj`kk

pdpuk`thdo nduotrhcs sung `s Hnckòi, Icoj`rm òi Odrw`y.

0.>.0 ^d wg`t `rc tgc ng`r`ntcrhsthns df tgc twd systcj typcs4

@kk puakhn gc`ktgn`rc systcjs sg`rc doc prdakcj< Ughng tcngohn`k sdkuthdo sgduki ac usci tdfuoock typhn`kky 700 % df o`thdo`k hondjc hotd gc`ktgn`rc scrvhncs4

Ahsj`rnmgc`ktgn`rc systcjs< ^ystcjs a`sci do sdnh`k hosurònc, wgcrc tgcrc hs ` jukthtuic dfhosurònc dreòhs`thdos, Mròmcom`ssco ctn, wgd `rc dreòhs`thdo`kky hoicpcoicot dfgc`ktgn`rc prdvhicrs.


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07

Acvcrhiec systcjs< ^ystcjs wgcrc fhoònhoe òi prdvhshdo `rc gòikci whtgho docdreòhs`thdo`k systcj, h.c. fhoònhoe adihcs òi prdvhicrs `rc wgdkky dr p`rth`kky whtgho docdreòhs`thdo, sung `s tgc OG^ df tgc SM, nduothcs df Odrihn st`tcs ctn.

Fdr jdrc tgò g`kf ` ncotury, p`rthnuk`rky shonc tgc fdrj`thdo df tgc Arhthsg OG^, tgc k`recst

Acvcrhiec-typc systcj ho Curdpc, tgcrc g`s acco hotcosc ica`thoe dvcr tgc rck`thvc jcrhts dftgc twd typcs df systcj.

@krcìy ho tgc CGNH 1223, tgc fhrst 01-st`tc phkdt `ttcjpt, ht w`s dascrvci tg`t Ho ecocr`k,nduotrhcs wghng g`vc ` kdoe trìhthdo df pkur`khty ho gc`ktgn`rc fhoònhoe òi prdvhshdo, h.c.whtg` ndosujcr ngdhnc actwcco ihffcrcot hosurònc prdvhicrs, wgd ho turo id odt ihsnrhjho`tc

actwcco prdvhicrs wgd `rc prhv`tc fdr-prdfht, odo-prdfht dr puakhn, sgdw ndjjdo fc`turcs odtdoky ho tgc w`hthoe khst shtu`thdo

Kddmhoe `t tgc rcsukts df tgc CGNH 12261228, ht hs vcry g`ri td `vdhi odthnhoe tg`t tgc tdpndoshsts df icihn`tci Ahsj`rnm nduotrhcs, whtg tgc sj`kk-pdpuk`thdo òi tgcrcfdrc jdrc c`shkyjòèci Acvcrhiec systcjs df tgc Odrihn nduotrhcs squcczhoe ho. K`rec Acvcrhiec systcjs

sccj td g`vc ihffhnukthcs `t `tt`hohoe rc`kky cxnckkcot kcvcks df nustdjcr v`kuc. Ygc k`recstAcvcrhiec nduotrhcs, tgc S.M. oi Ht`ky, mccp nkhoehoe tdectgcr ho tgc jhiikc df tgc Hoicx. Ygcrcnduki ac (`t kc`st) twd ihffcrcot cxpkò`thdos fdr tghs rcpdrt

08

(www.v`rimdosujcothoicx.sc, `ksd ho ò Coekhsg tròsk`thdo). Ay ròmhoe tgc 10 nduotynduonhks ay 01 a`shn hoihn`tdrs ndoncrohoe tgc icsheo df systcjs pdkhny, ndosujcr ngdhnc,scrvhnc kcvck òi `nncss td hofdrj`thdo wc hotrdiunci acongj`rmhoe `s ò ckcjcot ho ndosujcrcjpdwcrjcot. Ho twd yc`rs thjc tghs hohth`thvc gì hosphrci dr prdvdmci tgc ^wcihsg@ssdnh`thdo df Kdn`k @utgdrhthcs òi Qcehdos tdectgcr whtg tgc O`thdo`k Ad`ri df Gc`ktg òiUckf`rc td st`rt ` shjhk`r ròmhoe, j`mhoe puakhn ndjp`rhsdos ò csscoth`k ^wcihsg hostrujcotfdr ngòec.

Fdr tgc pò-Curdpcò hoicxcs ho 1223 1227, GNR `hjci td a`shn`kky fdkkdw tgc s`jc`pprd`ng, h.c.sckcnthoe ` oujacr df hoihn`tdrs icsnrhahoe td wg`t cxtcot tgc o`thdo`k gc`ktgn`rcsystcjs `rc uscr-frhcoiky, tgus prdvhihoe ` a`shs fdr ndjp`rhoe ihffcrcot o`thdo`k systcjs.

Furtgcrjdrc, shonc 1227 tgc GNR g`s cok`reci tgc cxhsthoe acongj`rmhoe prder`jndoshicràky oujacr df chegt


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nduotrhcs gdpcfukky hs ` sheo tg`t sdjctghoe hs g`ppcohoe ho tghs `rc`. Jcihn`k tr`vcksuppdrtci ay tgc ocw p`thcot jdahkhty ihrcnthvc nò `nnckcr`tc tgc icjòi fdr

pcrfdrjònc tròsp`rcony. @ftcr tgc nrdss-adricr ihrcnthvc, tgc nrhtcrh` fdr tghs hoihn`tdr

g`vc acco thegtcoci td rcfkcnt tgc hjpkcjcot`thdo df tghs ihrcnthvc. Odt uocxpcntciky, ho120> tgc doky nduotrhcs td sndrc Ercco `rc Ygc Octgcrkòis òi Kuxcjadure, wgd g`vc

acco `kkdwhoe nrdss-adricr n`rc sccmhoe fdr yc`rs.

Ecocr`kky Curdpcò gc`ktgn`rc ndothoucs td hjprdvc aut jcihn`k dutndjcs st`thsthns hs sthkk`pp`kkhoeky pddr ho jòy nduotrhcs. Yghs hs odt kc`st tgc n`sc rce`rihoe tgc oujacr docmhkkcr ndoihthdo< n`rihdv`snuk`r ihsc`scs, wgcrc i`t` fdr doc vcry vht`k p`r`jctcr= >2-i`yn`sc f`t`khty fdr gdspht`khzci gc`rt hof`rnt p`thcots, gì td ac ndjphkci frdj scvcr`kihsp`r`tc sdurncs.

Hf gc`ktgn`rc dffhnh`ks òi pdkhthnhòs tddm td kddmhoe `nrdss adricrs, òi td "stc`khoe"hjprdvcjcot hic`s frdj tgchr Curdpcò ndkkcèucs, tgcrc wduki ac ` eddi ngònc fdr `

o`thdo`k systcj td ndjc jung nkdscr td tgc tgcdrcthn`k tdp sndrc df 0222. @s ` prdjhocotcx`jpkc= hf ^wcico nduki `nghcvc ` Ackehò w`hthoe khst shtu`thdo, tg`t `kdoc wduki suffhnctd khft ^wcico td ndjpctc whtg Ygc Octgcrkòis `t ~772 pdhots!

@ furtgcr ihsnusshdo do rcsukts df st`tcs òi tgc ngòecs dascrvci dvcr thjc nò ac fduoihoNg`ptcr 6< Hjpdrtòt trcois dvcr tgc shx yc`rs.

9.0.0 Nduotry sndrcs

Ygcrc rc od nduotrhcs, wghng cxnck nrdss tgc cothrc ròec df CGNH hoihn`tdrs. Ygc o`thdo`ksndrcs sccj td rcfkcnt jdrc df o`thdo`k òi dreòhs`thdo`k nukturcs òi `tthtuics, r`tgcr

tgò jhrrdrhoe gdw k`rec rcsdurncs nduotry hs spcoihoe do gc`ktgn`rc. Ygc nuktur`k strc`ms

g`vc ho `kk khmckhgddi iccp ghstdrhn`k rddts. Yurohoe ` k`rec ndrpdr`thdo `rduoi t`mcs `ndupkc df yc`rsturohoe ` nduotry `rduoi nò t`mc icnìcs!


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Curd Gc`ktg Ndosujcr Hoicx 1201 rcpdrt

9.0.1 Qcsukts ho Rcot`tgkdo

Ygc CGNH 120> hs jìc up df shx sua-ihsnhpkhocs. @s od nduotry cxncks nrdss kk spcnts df jc`surhoe gc`ktgn`rc systcj, ht nò tgcrcfdrc ac df hotcrcsttd stuiy gdw tgc >3 nduotrhcs ròm ho c`ng df tgc fhvcp`rts df tgc pcot tgkdo. Ygc sndrcs whtgho c`ng sua-ihsnhpkhoc `rc sujj`rhzci ho tgc fdkkdwhoetàkc. Dutndjcs Hnckòi 132! 132

9. Qòec òi rc`ng df scrvhncs Octgcrkòis 032! 032

3. Rrcvcothdo Kuxcjadure 028 013

6. Rg`rj`ncuthn`ks Ecrjòy 82 022


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Gc ktg Ndosujcr Rdwcrgdusc


15

3. Aòe-Fdr-tgc-Aunm ìlustci sndrcs

Uhtg `kk 15 CS jcjacr st`tcs òi scvco dtgcr Curdpcò nduotrhcs honkuici ho tgc CGNH

prdlcnt, ht acndjcs `pp`rcot tg`t tgc Hoicx trhcs td ndjp`rc st`tcs whtg vcry ihffcrcotfhoònh`k rcsdurncs. Ygc òou`k gc`ktgn`rc spcoihoe, ho RRR-ìlustci (Rurng`shoe RdwcrR`rhty) S^ idkk`rs, v`rhcs frdj kcss tgò $622 ho @kaòh` td jdrc tgò $9222 ho Odrw`y,^whtzcrkòi, òi Kuxcjadure. Ndothocot`k Ucstcro Curdpc òi Odrihn nduotrhcsecocr`kky f`kk actwcco $>222 òi $9322. @s ` scp`r`tc cxcrnhsc, tgc CGNH 120> g`s ìici` v`kuc fdr jdocy-ìlustci sndrc< tgc Aòe-Fdr-tgc-Aunm ìlustci sndrc, dr AFA ^ndrc.

3.0 AFA ìlustjcot jctgdidkdey

Ht hs odt davhdus gdw td id sung ò ìlustjcot. Hf sndrcs wduki ac ìlustci ho fukk

prdpdrthdo td gc`ktgn`rc spcoi pcr n`pht`, tgc cffcnt wduki shjpky ac td ckcv`tc `kk kcss`ffkucot st`tcs td tgc tdp df tgc sndrhoe sgcct. Yghs, gdwcvcr, wduki ac icnhiciky uof`hr tdtgc fhoònh`kky strdoecr st`tcs. Cvco hf gc`ktgn`rc spcoihoe hs RRR (Rurng`shoe RdwcrR`rhty) ìlustci, ht hs davhdus tg`t `ksd RRR idkk`rs ed ` kdt furtgcr td purng`sc gc`ktgn`rcscrvhncs ho jcjacr st`tcs, wgcrc tgc jdotgky s`k`ry df oursc hs 122, tgò ho st`tcs wgcrc

ourscs s`k`rhcs cxncci >322. Fdr tghs rc`sdo, tgc RRR ìlustci sndrcs g`vc acco

n`knuk`tci `s fdkkdws= k`tcst `v`hkàkc oujacrs, jdst frcqucotky 1200) `s hkkustr`tci ho tgc er`pg

ackdw


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17

Fdr c`ng nduotry g`s acco n`knuk`tci tgc squ`rc rddtdf tghs oujacr. Ygc rc`sdo fdr tghs hstg`t idjcsthn`kky prdiunci gc`ktgn`rc scrvhncs `rc ngc`pcr rduegky ho prdpdrthdo td tgcgc`ktgn`rc spcoi. Ygc a`shn CGNH sndrcs g`vc acco ihvhici ay tghs squ`rc rddt. Fdr tghs

cxcrnhsc, tgc a`shn sndrhoe pdhots df >, 1 òi 0 g`vc acco rcpk`nci ay 1, 0 òi 2. Ho tgca`shn CGNH, tgc jhohjuj sndrc hs >>> òi tgc j`xhjuj 0222. Uhtg 1, 0 òi 2, tghs idcsodt (dr doky vcry j`reho`kky) ngòec tgc rck`thvc pdshthdos df tgc >3 nduotrhcs, aut hsocncss`ry fdr ` v`kuc-fdr-jdocy ìlustjcotdtgcrwhsc, tgc >>> frcc adttdj pdhots g`vctgc cffcnt df lust n`t`pukthoe tgc kcss `ffkucot nduotrhcs td tgc tdp df tgc khst.

Ygc sndrc tgus dat`hoci g`s acco jukthpkhci ay tgc `rhtgjcthn jcòs df `kk >9 squ`rc rddts(nrc`thoe tgc cffcnt tg`t sndrcs `rc odrj`khzci a`nm td ` shjhk`r oujcrhn`k v`kuc ròec tdtgc drheho`k sndrcs).

3.1 Qcsukts ho tgc AFA ^ndrc sgcct

Ygc dutndjc df tgc AFA cxcrnhsc hs sgdwo ho tgc er`pghn ackdw. Cvco whtg tgc squ`rc rddtcxcrnhsc icsnrhaci ho tgc prcvhdus scnthdo, tgc cffcnt hs td ir`j`thn`kky ckcv`tc jòy kcss`ffkucot o`thdos ho tgc sndrhoe sgcct.

Ygc AFA sndrcs, o`tur`kky, `rc td ac rce`rici `s sdjcwg`t df ò `nìcjhn cxcrnhsc. Odtkc`st tgc jctgdi df ìlusthoe td tgc squ`rc rddt df gc`ktgn`rc spcot ncrt`hoky k`nms snhcothfhnsuppdrt. Ygc AFA jctgdi hs `ksd ` sgìc tdd akuot td `nndjjdi`tc nduotrhcs, wgd g`vc` vcry kdw gc`ktgn`rc spcoi, sung `s @kaòh` òi FXQ J`ncidoh`= p`rthnuk`rky @kaòh`sdffhnh`k gc`ktgn`rc spcoi hs vcry jdicst.


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18

Ht jhegt ac tg`t tgc gc`ktgn`rc spcoi n`knuk`thdo ho Rurng`shoe Rdwcr R`rhty idkk`rs hsgckphoe tgc Hnckòihn AFA sndrc, @oyw`y, tgc Hnckòihn sccj td ac rcnchvhoe odt dokycxnckkcot gc`ktgn`rc, aut `ksd vcry eddi v`kuc fdr jdocy.

Fdr Ygc Octgcrkòis, tgc honrc`sc ho gc`ktgn`rc spcoi hs irèehoe idwo tgc AFA sndrcndjp`rci whtg prcvhdus yc`rs.

Nzcng Qcpuakhn òi Nrd`th` wcrc idhoe wckk ho tgc AFA Hoicx `krcìy ho 1201. Ygc eddipdshthdos df tgc Nzcng Qcpuakhn òi Nrd`th` ho tgc AFA sgcct `rc prdaàky odt lust `rthf`nts=Ygc Nzcng Qcpuakhn sccjs td g`vc ` icercc df fuoi`jcot`k stàhkhty òi frccidj frdjndrrupthdo ho hts gc`ktgn`rc systcj, wghng hs rck`thvcky r`rc ho NCC st`tcs. Nrd`th` idcsg`vc hskòis df cxnckkconc ho hts gc`ktgn`rc systcj, òi jhegt wckk acndjc ` pdpuk`r

nduotry fdr gc`ktg tdurhsj= tgcrc `rc fcw dtgcr pk`ncs wgcrc ` st`tc-df-tgc-`rt ghp ldhotdpcr`thdo nò ac gì fdr>222.

Ht idcs sccj tg`t tgc suprcjc whoocr ho tgc 1225 òi 1227 AFA sndrcs, Cstdoh`, mccpsidhoe wckk whtgho hts fhoònh`k n`p`nhty. Ht jhegt ac tg`t tgc stcck a`tg fdrnci updo Cstdoh``ftcr tgc fhoònh`k nrhshs gckpci ncjcot tgc ndst-cffcnthvc strc`ms df Cstdohò gc`ktgn`rc.

Doc tghoe tgc ùtgdrs fhoi hotcrcsthoe hs td scc wghng nduotrhcs tdp tgc khst ho tgc AFA^ndrcs, òi wghng nduotrhcsid rc`sdoàky wckk ho tgc drheho`k sndrcs. Cx`jpkcs df sungnduotrhcs `rc prhj`rhky tgc Hnckòi, Ygc Octgcrkòis, òi Fhokòi.

6. Yrcois dvcr tgc scvco yc`rs

CGNH 1223 w`s ` phkdt `ttcjpt whtg doky 01 nduotrhcs òi 12 hoihn`tdrs, òi hs gconc odt

honkuici ho tgc kdoehtuiho`k ò`kyshs.Ho tgc rcspdoscs do ^hoekc Nduotry ^ndrc ^gccts rcnchvci frdj o`thdo`k adihcs

(jhohstrhcs df gc`ktg) ho 120>, tgcrc w`s ò uoprcncicotci oujacr df rcfcrconcs td fdrj`kkcehsk`thdo `s `reujcots fdr ` ghegcr sndrc. @ typhn`k cx`jpkc w`s do hoihn`tdr 6.9 Yhjc

kè actwcco rcehstr`thdo df irue oi honkushdo ho suashiy systcj, wgcrc scvcr`k nduotrhcsrcfcrrhoe td kcehsk`thdo s`yhoe tg`t tgc kce`k thjc khjht fdr tghs hs 072 i`ys `s ò `reujcotfdr ò @jacr sndrc. Ho tgc CGNH, kcehsk`thdo `s sung hs odt tgc a`shs fdr ò hoihn`tdr sndrc,`s rc`k khfc dftco sgdws sheohfhnòt hjpkcjcot`thdo e`ps fdr rukcs òi rceuk`thdos.

6.0 ^ndrc ngòecs 1226 - 120>

Frdj tgc pdhot df vhcw df ` gc`ktgn`rc ndosujcr, tgc dvcr`kk shtu`thdo hs hjprdvhoe ho jdstnduotrhcs. Gdwcvcr, odt kc`st ftcr tgc hotrdiunthdo df ohoc ocw hoihn`tdrs ho tgc 1201 hoicxòi ` furtgcr scvco ocw hoihn`tdrs ho 120>, tgcrc `rc sdjc nduotrhcs wghng survhvc tgdsccxtr` tcsts do tgchr gc`ktgn`rc systcjs, òi sdjc wghng suffcr ho tgc 120> sndrcs.

@jdoe tgc survhvdrs `rc tgc Octgcrkòis, ^whtzcrkòi, Hnckòi, Icoj`rm, Ackehuj,Fhokòi òi Khtguòh`. @jdoe nduotrhcs suffcrhoe ho 1201 wcrc @ustrh`, Ecrjòy, Ht`kyòi ^p`ho. Gdwcvcr, `s tgc nduotry trcois er`pg ackdw hs sgdwhoe, tgc sgdnm-

hoiunci(4) erujphocss ihspk`yci ho tgc survcy rcspdoscs frdj ` oujacr df p`thcotdreòhs`thdos ho 1201 sccjs td g`vc acco rckhcvci td ` erc`t cxtcot ho 120>. Ygc jdst


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davhdus cx`jpkc hs Ecrjòy, wghng hs j`mhoe ` ehòt rcaduoi ho 120> frdj tgc iccp ihvcht tddm ho 1201, wgco p`thcot dreòhs`thdos e`vc uocxpcntciky oce`thvc rcspdoscs td tgcsurvcy fdrjhoe p`rt df CGNH i`t`.

Ht idcs ect hogcrcotky jdrc ihffhnukt td `nghcvc ` gheg sndrc tgc ghegcr tgc oujacr dfhoihn`tdrs `rc, òi tgc jdrc v`rhci tgdsc hoihn`tdrs `rc. Ht hs hotcrcsthoe tg`t sdjc nduotrhcssccj td g`vc ` rdaustocss ho tgchr gc`ktgn`rc systcjs, wghng survhvcs tghs. Cx`jpkcs `rcYgc Octgcrkòis, Icoj`rm, Hnckòi, Odrw`y òi Ackehuj.

Ygc er`pg ackdw `ksd suppdrts tgc dascrv`thdo tg`t tgcrc jhegt ac ò honrc`shoe hocquhty

e`p actwcco wc`ktgy òi kcss wc`ktgy p`rts df Curdpc. Ygcrc `rc jdrc nurvcs ihpphoe ho

1201120> ho tgc kdwcr g`kf df tg`t er`pg tgò ho tgc uppcr!


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Fheurc 6.0. Ygcsc rcsukts dvcr tgc scvco yc`rs 1226120> g`vc acco odrj`khzci td kk ac n`knuk`tci tgcs`jc w`y `s tgc CGNH 1225 (whtg htsfhvcsua-ihsnhpkhocs). Yghs jcòs tg`t ho 1227 òi 1228, 1.0 CRQ

pcoctr`thdo w`s jdvci a`nm td 0. R`thcots Qhegts òi Hofdrj`thdo, òi tgc c-Gc`ktg sua-

ihsnhpkhoc w`s t`mco dut. Ygc 120> cihthdo g`s gì Rrcvcothdo rcjdvci/jdvci a`nm td Qòec oi Qc`ng.Ocw ìihthdo`k hoihn`tdrs ho sua-ihsnhpkhocs >.Dutndjcs, 9.Qòec òi Qc`ng df scrvhncs òi3.Rg`rj`ncuthn`ks `rc ho tgc pdst-1225 sndrcs.


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wghng w`s ` rcj`rmàkc hjprdvcjcot. Ho 120>, doky ho 01 nduotrhcs id p`thcotdreòhs`thdos sccj td rcjcjacr tghs= ` shic cffcnt df cndodjhn nuta`nms4

^thkk, tgcrc hs ` kdt td hjprdvc< hf tgc p`thcot g`s td fhkk ho ` twd-pèc fdrj òi p`y CSQ 03td ect `nncss td gcr dwo jcihn`k rcndri, ht sduois jdrc khmc ` aì ldmc tgò ` 10 stncotury`pprd`ng td p`thcotsrhegts (tghs hs ò `ntu`k cx`jpkc).

Ho c-Gc`ktg, sdjc NCC nduotrhcs (jdst odtàky tgc FXQ J`ncidoh`) g`vc hotrdiunci`ppkhn`thdos, wghng `rc sthkk r`rc ho Ucstcro Curdpc. Yghs hs prdaàky shjhk`r td tgc r`phiupt`mc df jdahkc tckcpgdocs ho Hoih`sdjcthjcs, ht nò ac ò ìvòtèc odttd g`vc gìò ònhcot tcngodkdey cstàkhsgci.

6.> Gc`ktgn`rc Pu`khty Jc`surci `s Dutndjcs

Fdr ` ict`hkci vhcw df tgc rcsukts hoihn`tdrs, pkc`sc scc scnthdo 8.02.> ho dricr td stuiyicvckdpjcot dvcr thjc. Ecocr`kky ht hs hjpdrtòt td odtc tg`t rce`rikcss df fhoònh`k nrhscsòi ùstcrhty jc`surcs, trc`tjcot rcsukts ho Curdpcò gc`ktgn`rc mccp hjprdvhoe. Rcrg`pstgc acst shoekc hoihn`tdr do gc`ktgn`rc qu`khty, >.1 Hofòt ic`tgs, wgcrc tgc nut-dffs actwccoQci/@jacr/Ercco sndrcs g`vc acco mcpt ndostòt shonc 1226, sgdws ò honrc`sc ho tgcoujacr df Ercco sndrcs frdj 8 ho 1226 td 11 ho 120>, (pkus ^ndtkòi). Ygc fheurc ackdwsgdws tgc gc`ktgn`rc qu`khty j`p df Curdpca`sci do tgc Dutndjcs sua-ihsnhpkhoc sndrcsho CGNH 120>


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Yghs j`p hs ksd rcj`rmàky ndostòt dvcr thjc. djc NCC nduotrhcs wghng wcrc icfhohtckyQci ho 1226 g`vc nkhjaci hotd @jacr sndrcs, òi Ecrjòy, wghng usci td sndrc @jacrhs tdi`y s`fcky ho tgc Ercco tcrrhtdry. Yg`t ^p`ho, Ht`ky òi tgc SM `rc sthkk @jacr hs

prdaàky iuc td k`rec rcehdo`k v`rh`thdo= `kk tgrcc nduotrhcs jdst ncrt`hoky g`vc jòyncotrcs df cxnckkconc ho gc`ktgn`rc, aut tgc o`thdo`k sndrcs tcoi td ac ` r`tgcr akc`mcrXckkdw. (SM Coekòi `ntu`kky sndrcs @jacr do `kk df tgc Dutndjcs hoihn`tdrs ho 120>.)

6.9 Yròsp`rcot jdohtdrhoe df gc`ktgn`rc qu`khty

Ho 1223, Ir. Fdstcr df tgc SM w`s tgc shoekc sghohoe st`r do tgc fhrj`jcot df prdvhicr(gdspht`k) khsthoe, wgcrc p`thcots nduki ntu`kky scc wghng gdspht`ks gì eddi rcsukts ho tcrjdf `ntu`k sunncss r`tcs dr survhv`k pcrncotècs.

Ho 1225, tgcrc wcrc `krcìy ` ndupkc jdrc cx`jpkcs, wgcrc tgc Gc`ktg Ndosujcr

Rdwcrgdusc ackhcvcs tg`t tgc jdst odtàkc hs tgc Iòhsgwww.suoigcismv`khtct.im,wgcrcgdspht`ks `rc erìci frdj td `s hf tgcy wcrc gdtcks, whtg scrvhnc kcvckhoihn`tdrs `s wckk `s `ntu`k rcsukts, honkuihoe n`sc f`t`khty r`tcs do ncrt`ho ihèodscs.Rcrg`ps tgc jdst hjprcsshvc p`rt df tghs systcj hs tg`t ht `kkdws jcjacrs df tgc puakhn tdnkhnm idwo td ` khom ehvhoe tgc ihrcnt-ih`k tckcpgdoc oujacr df nkhohn jòècrs.

Ecrjòy ihi ldho tgc khjhtci ròms df nduotrhcs (tdi`y chegt, odt nduothoe ^ndtkòiscp`r`tcky!) sndrhoe Ercco ay tgc pdwcr df tgc puakhn hosthtutc AP^,www.aqs-hosthtut.ic,wghng `ksd prdvhics rcsukts qu`khty hofdrj`thdo do ` erc`t oujacr df Ecrjò gdspht`ks.Rdsshaky, tghs nduki ac ` sj`kk p`rt df tgc rc`sdo wgy Ecrjò gc`ktgn`rc qu`khty ho 120>hs s`fcky ho tgc Ercco tcrrhtdry (scc àdvc).

Cstdoh`, Ygc Octgcrkòis, Odrw`y, Rdrtue`k òi ^kdv`mh` g`vc ldhoci tgc ròms dfnduotrhcs prdvhihoe tghs hofdrj`thdo td tgc puakhn. Uc nò `ksd fhoi odt-sd-pcrfcnt, aut`krcìy cxhsthoe, n`t`kdeucs whtg qu`khty ròmhoe ho Nyprus, Guoe`ry, FXQ J`ncidoh`,Ht`ky (rcehdo`k= Yusnòy ct `k.) òi ^kdvcoh`! Ho Frònc, tgc GNR tc`j sthkk g`vc odt fduoiòy dtgcr dpco acongj`rm tgò tgc wccmkhcs Kc Rdhot òi Fhe`rd Jè`zhoc òou`k

puakhsghoe df Ygc acst nkhohns df Frònc. @s Frcong p`thcot dreòhs`thdos wcrc tdp df

Curdpc `t modwhoe àdut tghs scrvhnc, Frònc ects ` Ercco sndrc do tgc strcoetg df tghs.

Jhohstry sdurncs df FXQ J`ncidoh` nk`hj tg`t tgcy whkk sgdrtky aceho puakhsghoe khsts dftgc 022 acst idntdrs. Yg`t whkk ac jdst hotcrcsthoe td fdkkdw, odt kc`st frdj `

jctgdidkdey stòipdhot! Ruakhsghoe rcsukts `t hoihvhiu`k pgyshnhò kcvck hs `ksd st`rthoe hotgc SM!

6.3 K`yjò-ì`ptci ndjprcgcoshvc hofdrj`thdo àdut

pg`rj`ncuthn`ks

Ho ` ihsnusshdo `s k`tc `s Lòu`ry 1225, ` rcprcscot`thvc df tgc ^wcihsg @ssdnh`thdo dfRg`rj`ncuthn`k Hoiustry (KHF), wgd wcrc ncrt`hoky phdoccrs whtg tgchr wckk-cstàkhsgci

pg`rj`ndpdch` R`thcot-F@^^ (www.f`ss.sc), w`s `reuhoe tg`t tghs òi hts Iòhsgcquhv`kcot wcrc tgc doky cx`jpkcs df dpco hofdrj`thdo àdut prcsnrhpthdo irues ho Curdpc.Ydi`y, c`sy-td-usc wca-a`sci hostrujcots td `nncss hofdrj`thdo do pg`rj`ncuthn`ks nò

ac fduoi ho 13 nduotrhcs (scc ^cnthdo 8.03.6, hoihn`tdr 6.1), `ksd ho NCC nduotrhcs, c.e.

Nzcng Qcpuakhn, Cstdoh`, Guoe`ry, Qdjòh`, òi ^kdv`mh`. Ygc v`st j`ldrhty df tgcschofdrj`thdo shtcs g`vc hofdrj`thdo prdvhicrs nkc`rky hicothfhàkc `s tgc pg`rj`ncuthn`k
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>3

jòuf`nturcrs. Ht sccjs khmcky tg`t tghs hoihn`tdr jhegt nc`sc td ac df ndjp`r`thvc hotcrcstho ` yc`r dr twd!

6.6 U`hthoe khsts< @ Jcot`k Ndoihthdo `ffcnthoe gc`ktgn`rc st`ff4

Odt `kk tgc trcois sgdw ò hjprdvcjcot. Dvcr tgc yc`rs, doc f`nt acndjcs nkc`r sndrcs.

Ygc w`hthoe thjc tcrrhtdry shtu`thdo hs rcj`rmàky stàkc dvcr thjc. Ygc jdstodthncàkcngòecs shonc 1201 `rc Frònc ndjhoe a`nm td Ercco (p`thcots òi idntdrs g`vhoekc`roci td gòikc tgc rcstrhnthdos do ihrcnt `nncss td spcnh`khsts hotrdiunci ho 1225) òi

Erccnc edhoe frdj Ercco td @jacr (ùstcrhty4).


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>6

Ygcrc hs vhrtu`kky od ndrrck`thdo actwcco jdocy òi @nncsshahkhty df gc`ktgn`rc systcj, `stgc Er`pg ackdw sgdws (Q1: 2.06 jcòs wc`m aut odt st`thsthn`kky sheohfhnòt ndrrck`thdo).Yghs er`pg nduki cxpk`ho tgc khjhtci cffcnt df sgdwcrhoe 3 ahkkhdo Curds dvcr ^wcihsg

nduothcs td j`mc tgcj rciunc w`hthoe thjcs.

Ht sccjs tg`t w`hthoe thjcs fdr gc`ktgn`rc scrvhncs `rc ` jcot`k ndoihthdo `ffcnthoegc`ktgn`rc ìjhohstr`tdrs òi prdfcsshdo`ks r`tgcr tgò ` sn`rnhty df rcsdurncs prdakcj. Htjust ac ò hotcrcsthoe acg`vhdur`k prdakcj td uoicrstòi gdw ò cjp`tghn prdfcsshdo sung`s p`cih`trhn psyngh`trhsts nò acndjc `nnustdjci td tckkhoe p`thcots òi tgchr p`rcots tg`ttgc w`hthoe thjc fdr ò `ppdhotjcot hs jdrc tgò shx jdotgs fdr ` ehrk whtg scvcrc òdrcxh`(` ndjjdo dnnurrconc ho ^wcico)!

Ygc ^wcihsg qucuc-sgdrtcohoe prdlcnt, do wghng tgc st`tc edvcrojcot g`s spcot`pprdxhj`tcky 3 ahkkhdo curd, g`s `nghcvci sdjc sgdrtcohoe df w`hthoe thjcs. ^ìky, tg`thjprdvcjcot, wghng uofdrtuo`tcky idcs odtsccj td g`vc sunnccici do w`hthoe thjcs fdr

nòncr trc`tjcot, sthkk ho 120> g`s acco hosuffhnhcot td j`mc ^wcico kc`vc tgc erdup dfkèe`ri nduotrhcs.

Doc df tgc jdst ng`r`ntcrhsthn systcjs fdr ER e`tcmccphoe, tgc OG^ ho tgc SM, spcotjhkkhdos df pduois, st`rthoe ho 1227, do rciunhoe w`hthoe òi hotrdiunci ` j`xhjuj df 07wccms td icfhohthvc trc`tjcot ftcr ihèodshs. Ygc p`thcot survcy ndjjhsshdoci ay tgc GNRfdr tgc 1201 òi 120> Hoihncs idcs sgdw hjprdvcjcot. Yghs hs ihffcrcot frdj Hrckòi,wgcrc p`thcot dreòhs`thdo survcy rcspdoscs `rc sthkk jung jdrc oce`thvc tgò (tgc vcryict`hkci) dffhnh`k w`hthoe thjc i`t`.

Furtgcrjdrc, cvco tgc strdoe whoocrs df p`st yc`rs ròmhoes `rc turohoe td rcstrhnthvcjc`surcs< Frònc, fdr cx`jpkc, w`s rcstr`hohoe `nncss ho 1225, wghng rcsuktci ho w`hthoe

thjcs, òi tgcrcfdrc wdrsc sndrc (tdectgcr whtg odt rc`kky arhkkhòt rcsukts ho tgc c-Gc`ktgsua-ihsnhpkhoc). ^honc 1228, Frcong p`thcots (òi idntdrs4) sccj td g`vc kc`roci td wdrm


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>5

tgc ocw rceuk`thdos, `s tgc Frcong survcy rcspdoscs do tghs sua-ihsnhpkhoc `rc tdi`y jdrcpdshthvc. @ksd, àdut Frcong w`hthoe thjcs ho gc`ktgn`rc, scc @ppcoihx >!

GNR whkk ndothouc td ìvdn`tc tgc frcc ngdhnc, cqu`k òi ihrcnt `nncss òi jc`surcshotcoici td ihjhohsg tgc hofdrj`thdo gòihn`p df tgc ndosujcr `s ndrocrstdocs df 10stncotury jdicro Curdpcò gc`ktgn`rc.

6.6.0 Ygc eddi dki i`ys tg`t ocvcr wcrc!

Ugy `rc tgc tr`ncs df tgc fhoònh`k nrhshs sd ndjp`r`thvcky jdicst, cvco rce`rihoew`hthoe khsts4 Doc fuoi`jcot`k rc`sdo hs tg`t gc`ktgn`rc trìhthdo`kky usci td ac vcry pddr`t jdohtdrhoe dutput, wghng kcìs gc`ktgn`rc st`ff, pdkhthnhòs òi tgc puakhn tddvcrcsthj`tc tgc scrvhnc kcvcks df ycstcryc`r!

Ndst-nutthoe ho gc`ktgn`rc w`s odt t`kmci àdut jung uothk tgc c`rky 0882s, òi tgccndodjhn idwoturo `t tg`t thjc, wghng fdrnci scrhdus ndst-nutthoe jdrc dr kcss fdr tgc fhrstthjc ho icnìcs. Acfdrc 0882, gc`ktgn`rc pdkhthnhòs j`ho ndoncro usci td ac Gdw id wc

prhdrhthzc tgc 1>% òou`k rc`k-tcrj honrc`sc df rcsdurncs4

Ho w`hthoe thjc tcrrhtdry sung `s ^nòiho`vh` òi tgc Arhthsg Hskcs, tgc w`hthoe khst shtu`thdow`s icnhiciky wdrsc odt doky 3 02 yc`rs èd, aut jdst ncrt`hoky `ksd acfdrc 0882.Hotcrvhcws whtg dki-thjcr idntdrs òi ourscs frcqucotky rcvc`k gdrrdr stdrhcs df p`thcots `kkdvcr ndrrhidrs òi a`scjcots, òi tghs frdj tgc eddi dki i`ys acfdrc tgc fhoònh`k nrhshs.

6.6.1 Soicr-tgc-tàkc p`yjcots

Cvco jdrc odtàkc< doc df tgc hoihn`tdrs, hotrdiunci fdr tgc fhrst thjc ho 1227, hs `smhoe

wgctgcr p`thcots `rc cxpcntci td j`mc hofdrj`k p`yjcots td tgc idntdr ho ìihthdo td òydffhnh`k fccs. Soicr-tgc-tàkc p`yjcots scrvc ho sdjc (r`tgcr surprhshoe Ucstcro Curdpcò)nduotrhcs `s ` w`y td e`ho ndotrdk dvcr tgc trc`tjcot< td smhp tgc w`hthoe khst, td `nncsscxnckkconc ho trc`tjcot, td ect tgc usc df jdicro jctgdis oi jcihnhocs. Jdrc do hofdrj`k

p`yjcots nò ac fduoi ho tgc scnthdoHofdrj`k p`yjcots td idntdrs.

Ygc nrdss-Curdpcò survcy do hofdrj`k p`yjcots rcj`hos, ho sphtc df hts davhdushjpcrfcnthdos, tgc doky stuiy cvcr idoc do `kk df Curdpc, wghng `ksd hkkustr`tcs tgc kdwkcvck df `ttcothdo p`hi ay o`thdos òi Curdpcò hosthtuthdos td tgc prdakcj df p`r`kkckcndodjy ho gc`ktgn`rc.

Yghs dascrv`thdo ehvcs rc`sdo fdr twd qucsthdos rcpdrt

>7

6.5 Ugy id p`thcots odt modw4

C`ng yc`r, tgc rcsukts df tgc survcy jìc ho nd-dpcr`thdo whtg R`thcot Vhcw rcvc`k ò

hotcrcsthoe f`nt< ho sdjc nduotrhcs, tgc p`thcots dreòhs`thdos òi gc`ktg n`jp`heocrs(cvco vcry rcspcntfuk docs) id odt modw àdut sdjc df tgc scrvhncs `v`hkàkc ho tgchrnduotry. Hotcrcsthoeky, tghs g`s prdaàky acco jdrc cvhicot ho 120> tgò tgc r`tgcr davhdusshtu`thdo ho prcvhdus yc`rs. Ygc ^hoekc Nduotry ^ndrc ^gccts rcturoci frdj o`thdo`k adihcsg`vc gì `s ` vcry ndjjdo fc`turc tg`t dffhnh`ks g`vc, whtg ` jdrc dr kcss hrrht`tcivdnàuk`ry, pdhotci dut tg`t ncrt`ho p`thcot rhegts dr hofdrj`thdo scrvhncs hoicci id cxhstho tgchr nduotry.

Fdr cx`jpkc, tgc rcsc`rng tc`j ndostòtky fhois oce`thvc òswcrs do tgc cxhstconc dfidntdrsrcehstrhcs, pg`rj`ndpdch`s, `nncss td jcihn`k rcndris ctn. ho nduotrhcs wgcrc GNRrcsc`rngcrs nò c`shky fhoi tghs mhoi df hofdrj`thdo cvco whtgdut tgc modwkciec df kdn`kkòeuèc. Yd suj up, prdaàky tgc rc`sdo hs tg`t o`thdo`k ùtgdrhthcs j`mc ndoshicràkc

hjprdvcjcots, aut jhss dut do ndjjuohn`thoe tgcsc td tgc whic puakhn. @s gc`ktgn`rcjdvcs frdj ` tdp-idwo cxpcrt nukturc hotd ` ndjjuohn`thdo-irhvco cxpcrhconc hoiustry,sung ` shtu`thdo just ac jdst g`rjfuk td uscrs `s wckk `s t`x-p`ycrs òi systcjs!

Ygrcc nduotrhcs, wgcrc tgc dphohdos df p`thcot dreòhs`thdos `rc icvh`thoe oce`thvcky frdjdffhnh`k st`thsthns, `rc Erccnc, Hrckòi òi ^p`ho. Doc cx`jpkc< ^pòhsg rceuk`thdos id ehvc

p`thcots tgc rhegt td rcì tgchr dwo p`thcot rcndris ocvcrtgckcss, ^pòhsg p`thcotdreòhs`thdos rcturoci `jdoe tgc jdst pcsshjhsthn rcspdoscs td tghs survcy qucsthdo df òydf tgc >3 nduotrhcs!

Ho prhv`tc hoiustry, ht hs wckk modwo òi cstàkhsgci modwkciec tg`t ` prdiunt dr scrvhnc,ac ht cvcr sd wckk icsheoci òi prdiunci, occis smhkfuk j`rmcthoe td rc`ng jòy nustdjcrs.Ho tgc puakhn scntdr ho ecocr`k, tgc fdnus hs (`t acst) do pkòohoe oi prdiunthdo df scrvhnc,

aut tgcrc hs frcqucotky ò `kjdst tdt`k k`nm df fdnus do tgc hofdrj`thdo/j`rmcthoe df tg`tscrvhnc.

Curdpcò gc`ktgn`rc occis td honrc`sc hts fdnus do hofdrjhoe nhthzcos àdut wg`t

scrvhncs rc v`hkàkc!

6.7 JQ^@ sprcì

Ho tgc CGNH 1225, ndoshicràkc `ttcothdo w`s p`hi td tgc prdakcj df òthahdthns rcshstòncsprcì< JQ^@ hofcnthdos ho gdspht`ks sccj td sprcì òi `rc odw ` sheohfhnòt gc`ktg

tgrc`t ho doc dut df twd jc`surci nduotrhcs. Sofdrtuo`tcky, tgc doky nduotrhcs wgcrcsheohfhnòt hjprdvcjcot nò ac scco `rc Auke`rh`, Rdkòi òi tgc Arhthsg Hskcs. Doky scvconduotrhcs dut df >3 tdi`y nò s`y tg`t JQ^@ hs odt ` j`ldr prdakcj, tgus sndrhoe Erccor`tgcr icprcsshoeky, tgcsc `rc tgc s`jc scvco nduotrhcs `s ho 1228!

Ygc jdst ir`j`thn rciunthdo df JQ^@ r`tcs g`s t`mco pk`nc ho tgc SM, wgcrc tgc % dfrcshstòt hofcnthdos g`s irdppci frdj ? 92 % idwo td ~03 %. Yghs just ac ` rcsukt dfhotcosc cffdrts ho gdspht`k gyehcoc, `s tgc Arhthsg Hskcs `rc sthkk `jdoe tgc jdst prdoduoncidvcr-uscrs df òthahdthns (^cc Hoihn`tdr 6.5).


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6.7.0 Aò s`kcs df òthahdthns whtgdut prcsnrhpthdo!

Ygcrc hs doc jc`surc, wghng nduki ac vcry cffcnthvc è`host tgc sprcì df jhnrdah`krcshstònc= tgc aòohoe df s`kcs df òthahdthns whtgdut ` prcsnrhpthdo. Yghs nduki acndjc òc`shky fdrjuk`tci CS ihrcnthvc, wghng `ksd wduki ac quhtc shjpkc td jdohtdr, `s `kknduotrhcs id g`vc systcjs td ngcnm tgc ihsthonthdo actwcco Qx (prcsnrhpthdo) òi DYN(Dvcr Ygc Nduotcr) irue s`kcs. Ygcrc hs od nduotry, wgcrc s`kcs df òthahdthns whtgdut `

prcsnrhpthdo hs ndjjdopk`nc, wghng idcs odtg`vc ` sheohfhnòt rcshstònc prdakcj!

ûng Arusscks `nthdo wduki jcò f`r jdrc td p`thcot s`fcty tgò jdst dtgcr tghoes CScoeècs ho!

5. Gdw td hotcrprct tgc Hoicx rcsukts4

Ygc fhrst òi jdst hjpdrtòt ndoshicr`thdo do gdw td trc`t tgc rcsukts hs< whtg nùthdo!

Ygc Curd Gc`ktg Ndosujcr Hoicx 120> hs ò `ttcjpt `t jc`surhoe òi ròmhoe tgcpcrfdrjònc df gc`ktgn`rc prdvhshdo frdj ` ndosujcr vhcwpdhot. Ygc rcsukts icfhohtckyndot`ho hofdrj`thdo qu`khty prdakcjs. Ygcrc hs ` sgdrtèc df pò-Curdpcò, uohfdrj sct

prdnciurcs fdr i`t` e`tgcrhoe. ^thkk, Curdpcò Ndjjhsshdo `ttcjpts td hotrdiunc ndjjdo,jc`suràkc gc`ktg hoihn`tdrs g`vc jìc vcry khttkc hjp`nt.

Aut è`ho, tgc GNR fhois ht f`r acttcr td prcscot tgc rcsukts td tgc puakhn, òi td prdjdtcndostrunthvc ihsnusshdo r`tgcr tgò st`yhoe whtg tgc doky tdd ndjjdo dphohdo tg`t `s kdoe`s gc`ktgn`rc hofdrj`thdo hs odt ` guoirci pcrncot ndjpkctc ht sgduki ac mcpt ho tgc nkdsct.

@e`ho, ht hs hjpdrtòt td strcss tg`t tgc Hoicx ihspk`ys ndosujcr hofdrj`thdo, odt jcihn`kkydr hoihvhiu`kky scoshthvc i`t`.

Ughkc ay od jcòs nk`hjhoe tg`t tgc CGNH 120> rcsukts `rc ihsscrt`thdo qu`khty, tgcfhoihoes sgduki odt ac ihsjhssci `s ròidj fhoihoes. Ygc Hoicx hs auhkt frdj tgc adttdjup tghs jcòs tg`t nduotrhcs wgd `rc modwo td g`vc quhtc shjhk`r gc`ktgn`rc systcjssgduki ac cxpcntci odt td coi up f`r `p`rt ho tgc ròmhoe. Yghs hs ndofhrjci ay fhoihoe tgc

Odrihn nduotrhcs ho ` f`hrky thegt nkustcr, Coekòi òi ^ndtkòi nkhoehoe tdectgcr `s `rc tgcNzcng Qcpuakhn òi ^kdv`mh`, ^p`ho òi Rdrtue`k, Erccnc òi Nyprus.

Rrcvhdus cxpcrhconc frdj tgc ecocr`k Curd Gc`ktg Ndosujcr Hoicxcs rcfkcnts tg`tndosujcr ròmhoe ay shjhk`r hoihn`tdrs hs kddmci updo `s ò hjpdrtòt tddk td ihspk`y

gc`ktgn`rc scrvhnc qu`khty. Ygc GNR gdpcs tg`t tgc CGNH 120> rcsukts nò scrvc `shosphr`thdo fdr gdw òi wgcrc Curdpcò gc`ktgn`rc nò ac hjprdvci.

7. Curdpcò i`t` sgdrtèc

7.0 Jcihn`k dutndjcs hoihn`tdrs honkuici ho tgc CGNH

Ygcrc hs doc prcidjhoòt fc`turc, wghng ng`r`ntcrhscs Curdpcò/Nòìhò puakhngc`ktgn`rc systcjs `s dppdsci td tgchr jdrc hoiustrh`khsci nduotcrp`rts ho nduotrhcs sung`s tgc S.^.@.< tgcrc hs ò àuoiònc df st`thsthns do hoput df rcsdurncs, aut ` trìhthdo`ksn`rnhty df i`t` do quòtht`thvc dr qu`kht`thvc dutput.


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Dreòhs`thdos sung `s tgc UGD òi DCNI `rc puakhsghoe c`shky `nncsshakc òi frcqucotkyupi`tci st`thsthns do tdphns khmc2i`ys `ftcr gdspht`khs`thdo (ic-sckcnthoe sung p`r`jctcrs `s tdt`k gc`rt ihsc`sc jdrt`khty,wgcrc tgc Jcihtcrròcò st`tcs g`vc ò hogcrcot, prcsujàky khfc-stykc icpcoicot, kcìhoe

pdshthdo).

8. Cvdkvcjcot df tgc Curd Gc`ktg Ndosujcr Hoicx

8.0 ^ndpc òi ndotcot df CGNH 1223

Nduotrhcs honkuici ho tgc CGNH 1223 wcrc< Ackehuj, Cstdoh`, Frònc, Ecrjòy, Guoe`ry,Ht`ky, tgc Octgcrkòis, Rdkòi, ^p`ho, ^wcico, tgc Sohtci Mhoeidj òi, fdr ndjp`rhsdo,^whtzcrkòi.

Yd honkuic `kk 13 jcjacr st`tcs rhegt frdj tgc st`rt wduki g`vc acco ` vcry ihffhnukt t`sm,p`rthnuk`rky `s jòy jcjacrsghps wcrc rcncot, òi wduki prcscot ir`j`thnjctgdidkdehn`k òi st`thsthn ihffhnukthcs

Ygc CGNH 1223 w`s sccmhoe ` rcprcscot`thvc s`jpkc df k`rec òi sj`kk, kdoe-stòihoe òi

rcncot CS jcjacrsghp st`tcs.


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Ygc sckcnthdo w`s hofkuconci ay ` icshrc td honkuic `kk jcjacr st`tcs whtg ` pdpuk`thdo df~92 jhkkhdo òi àdvc, `kdoe whtg tgc àdvc-jcothdoci jhx df shzc òi kdoecvhty df CSjcjacrsghp stòihoe. @s tgc Odrihn nduotrhcs g`vc f`hrky shjhk`r gc`ktgn`rc systcjs,

^wcico w`s sckcntci td rcprcscot tgc Odrihn f`jhky, purcky acnùsc tgc prdlcnt tc`jjcjacrs gì ` prdfduoi modwkciec df tgc ^wcihsg gc`ktgn`rc systcj.

@s `krcìy hoihn`tci, tgc sckcnthdo nrhtcrh` gì odtghoe td id whtg gc`ktgn`rc achoe puakhnkydr prhv`tcky fhoònci òi/dr prdvhici. Fdr cx`jpkc, tgc ckcjcot df prhv`tc prdvhicrs hsspcnhfhn`kky odt `t `kk kddmci hotd (dtgcr tgò pdtcoth`kky `ffcnthoe `nncss ho thjc dr n`rcdutndjcs).

Doc hjpdrtòt ndonkushdo frdj tgc wdrm do CGNH 1223 w`s tg`t ht hs hoicci pdsshakc tdndostrunt òi dat`ho i`t` fdr ò hoicx ndjp`rhoe òi ròmhoe o`thdo`k gc`ktgn`rc systcjsscco frdj tgc ndosujcr/p`thcots vhcwpdhot.

8.1 ^ndpc òi ndotcot df CGNH 12261201

Ygc CGNH 1226 honkuici `kk tgc 13 CS jcjacr st`tcs df tg`t thjc pkus ^whtzcrkòi, ushoecsscoth`kky tgc s`jc jctgdidkdey `s ho 1223.

Ygc oujacr df hoihn`tdrs w`s `ksd honrc`sci, frdj 12 ho tgc CGNH 1223 td 17 ho tgc 1226hssuc. Ygc oujacr df sua-ihsnhpkhocs w`s mcpt `t fhvc= whtg tgc ngòec tg`t tgc NustdjcrFrhcoikhocss sua-ihsnhpkhoc w`s jcreci hotd R`thcot Qhegts òi Hofdrj`thdo. Ygc ocwsua-ihsnhpkhoc Ecocrdshty (Ug`t hs honkuici ho tgc puakhn gc`ktgn`rc dffcrhoe4) w`shotrdiunci, `s ht w`s ndjjcotci frdj ` oujacr df dascrvcrs, odt kc`st gc`ktgn`rc

pdkhthnhòs ho nduotrhcs g`vhoe prdoduonci w`hthoe thjc prdakcjs, tg`t àsconc df w`hthoe

thjcs nduki ac ` rcsukt df jcòocss o`thdo`k gc`ktgn`rc systcjs achoe rcstrhnthvc dowgd ects ncrt`ho dpcr`thdos nduki o`tur`kky ac cxpcntci td g`vc kcss w`hthoe khst prdakcjs.

Ho dricr td tcst tghs, tgc ocw sua-ihsnhpkhoc Ecocrdshty df puakhn gc`ktgn`rc systcjs, ho1228 n`kkci Qòec òi rc`ng df scrvhncs, w`s hotrdiunci. @ prdakcj whtg tghs sua-ihsnhpkhoc hs tg`t ht hs doky tdd c`sy td kòi ho ` shtu`thdo, wgcrc ò hoihn`tdr acndjcs lustòdtgcr w`y df jc`surhoe o`thdo`k wc`ktg (EIR/n`pht`). Ygc sueecstci hoihn`tdr Oujacrdf ghp ldhot rcpk`ncjcots pcr 022 222 hogàhtòts hs doc prdjhocot cx`jpkc df tghs. Ygcndst pcr dpcr`thdo df ` ghp ldhot hs ho tgc ochegadurgddi df 5222 (nò ac jdrc ho UcstcroCurdpckcss ho st`tcs whtg kdw s`k`rhcs fdr gc`ktgn`rc st`ff). Yg`t ndst, fdr ` ndoihthdo tg`tjhegt ac nrhppkhoe aut odt khfc-tgrc`tcohoe, rcsukts ho prdvhshdo kcvcks achoe vcry nkdsckyndrrck`tci td EIR/n`pht`.

N`t`r`nt dpcr`thdos sccj ` acttcr òi kcss EIR-ndrrck`tci hoihn`tdr do tgc Ecocrdshty dfpuakhn gc`ktgn`rc systcjs. Ygc ndst pcr dpcr`thdo hs doky doc tcotg df tg`t fdr ` ghp ldhotòi tgus jung jdrc `ffdriàkc ho kcss `ffkucot nduotrhcs.

Yd `nghcvc ` ghegcr kcvck df rckhàhkhty df hofdrj`thdo, doc csscoth`k wdrm hoercihcot g`sacco td cstàkhsg ` oct df ndot`nts ihrcntky whtg o`thdo`k gc`ktgn`rc ùtgdrhthcs ho ` jdrcsystcj`thn w`y tgò w`s tgc n`sc fdr prcvhdus CGNH cihthdos. Ygc wc`mocsscs ho Curdpcògc`ktgn`rc st`thsthns icsnrhaci ho prcvhdus CGNH rcpdrts nò doky ac dffsct ay ho-icptgihsnusshdos whtg mcy pcrsdoock `t ` o`thdo`k gc`ktgn`rc ùtgdrhty kcvck.

Ho ecocr`k, tgc rcspdoshvcocss frdj Gc`ktg Jhohstrhcs, dr tgchr st`tc èconhcs ho ng`rec df

supcrvhshdo òi/dr Pu`khty @ssurònc df gc`ktgn`rc scrvhncs, w`s eddi ho 1226 1227.


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Urhttco rcspdoscs wcrc rcnchvci frdj 08 CS jcjacr st`tcs. Yghs shtu`thdo erc`tkyhjprdvci ho 12281201 òi g`s st`yci vcry pdshthvc ho 120> (scc scnthdo 8.8.1).

8.> CGNH 120>

Ygc prdlcnt wdrm do tgc Hoicx hs ` ndjprdjhsc actwcco wghng hoihn`tdrs wcrc luieci tdac jdst sheohfhnòt fdr prdvhihoe hofdrj`thdo àdut tgc ihffcrcot o`thdo`k gc`ktgn`rcsystcjs frdj ` uscr/ndosujcrs vhcwpdhot, òi tgc `v`hkàhkhty df i`t` fdr tgcsc hoihn`tdrs.Yghs hs ` vcrshdo df tgc nk`sshn`k prdakcj ^gduki wc ac kddmhoe fdr tgc 022 -idkk`r ahkk hotgc i`rm `kkcy, dr fdr tgc ihjc uoicr tgc k`jppdst4

Ht g`s acco iccjci hjpdrtòt td g`vc ` jhx df hoihn`tdrs ho ihffcrcot fhckis= `rc`s df scrvhnc`tthtuic òi nustdjcr drhcot`thdo `s wckk `s hoihn`tdrs df ` g`ri f`nts o`turc sgdwhoe

gc`ktgn`rc qu`khty ho dutndjc tcrjs. Ht w`s `ksd icnhici td sc`rng fdr hoihn`tdrs do `ntu`krcsukts ho tgc fdrj df dutndjcs r`tgcr tgò hoihn`tdrs icphnthoe prdnciurcs, sung `s occikcthjc (thjc actwcco p`thcot `rrhv`k td ò @&C icp`rtjcot òi trdjadkythn holcnthdo),

pcrncotèc df gc`rt p`thcots trdjadkysci dr stcotci, ctnctcr`.

Hotcothdo`kky ic-sckcntci wcrc hoihn`tdrs jc`surhoe puakhn gc`ktg st`tus, sung `s khfccxpcntòny, kuoe nòncr jdrt`khty, tdt`k gc`rt ihsc`sc jdrt`khty, ihàctcs honhiconc, ctn.ûng hoihn`tdrs tcoi td ac prhj`rhky icpcoicot do khfcstykc dr covhrdojcot`k f`ntdrs r`tgcrtgò gc`ktgn`rc systcj pcrfdrjònc. Ygcy ecocr`kky dffcr vcry khttkc hofdrj`thdo td tgcndosujcr wòthoe td ngddsc `jdoe tgcr`phcs dr n`rc prdvhicrs, w`hthoe ho khoc fdr pkòocisurecry, dr wdrryhoe àdut tgc rhsm df g`vhoe ` pdst-trc`tjcot ndjpkhn`thdo dr tgc

ndosujcr wgd hs ihss`thsfhci whtg tgc rcstrhntci hofdrj`thdo.

8.>.0 J`jjder`pghn snrccohoe t`mco dut frdj tgc CGNH 1201 sct

Df tgc tdt`kky 91 hoihn`tdrs usci fdr tgc CGNH 1201, doc g`s acco ihsndothouci ho tgc 120>Hoicx< Ndvcrèc df j`jjder`pghn snrccohoe. Ygc rc`sdo fdr t`mhoe ht dut hs tgc NdngròcHosthtutc rcpdrt5puakhsgci Luky 120>, s`yhoe tg`t tgcrc hs pddr cvhiconc df òy oct acocfhtsdf j`jjder`pghn snrccohoe.

Icsphtc frcocthn ihsèrccjcot frdj sdjc nduotrhcs, GNR prduiky mccps tgc hoihn`tdrIhrcnt `nncss td spcnh`khsts ho tgc CGNH, `s tgcrc hs àsdkutcky od cvhiconc tg`t tgc ER

e`tcmccphoe rdkc g`s o hjp`nt do gc`ktgn`rc ndsts. tuihcs sung s tg`t jìc ay Mrdocjòct `k.7prdvhic jdrc rcspcntfuk rc`sdohoe ho tghs rce`ri tgò st`tcjcots khmc Ygce`tcmccphoe hs ` j`ttcr df pdkhny òi wc hoshst tg`t tghs hoihn`tdr hs rcjdvci frdj tgchoicx.

@ksd, tgc cx`jpkc df Ecrjòy sgdws tg`t tgc cffcnthvc w`y td j`mc p`thcots wòt td edfhrst td tgchr prhj`ry n`rc idntdr acfdrc sccmhoe spcnh`khst `ttcothdo hs td cstàkhsg kdoe-tcrj

5 Etzsngc, R.N. & Lrecosco, M.L.< ^nrccohoe fdr arc`st nòncr whtg j`jjder`pgy (Qcvhcw) , Ygc

Ndngròc Khar`ry120>, Hssuc 6.7Mrdocjò ct `k


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rck`thdosghp òi trust actwcco p`thcot òi idntdr. Qcstrhnthdos do ihrcnt `nncss td spcnh`khstfuonthdos vcry pddrky.

8.>.1 Ocw hoihn`tdrs hotrdiunci fdr CGNH 120>

Ho tgc icsheo òi sckcnthdo df hoihn`tdrs, tgc CGNH g`s acco wdrmhoe do tgc fdkkdwhoe tgrccnrhtcrh` shonc 1223. Fc`shahkhty (h.c.nò i`t` ac dat`hoci)

Ygdsc s`jc tgrcc prhonhpkcs `rc `ksd edvcrohoe tgc Ecrjò qu`khty hoihn`tdrs prdlcnt,www.aqs-hosthtut.ic/.

@s cvcry yc`r tgc hotcro`thdo`k cxpcrt pòck g`s fci ho ` kdoe khst df ocw hoihn`tdrs td achonkuici ho tghs yc`rs Hoicx (fhoi jdrc do cxpcrt pòck ndjpdshthdo), tgcrc w`s ` truc

ar`hostdrj df ocw arhegt hic`s td ac honkuici ho tghs yc`rs Hoicx. Sofdrtuo`tcky, tgc

rcsc`rng tc`j w`s uoàkc td turo `kk df tgcj hotd ` ercco-yckkdw-rci sndrc ho tgc j`trhx.Ocvcrtgckcss, tgc rcsc`rng tc`j w`s àkc td prcscot i`t` fdr 7 ocw/jdihfhci hoihn`tdrs,òi doky doc hoihn`tdr g`s acco ihsndothouci, arhoehoe tgc tdt`k oujacr df hoihn`tdrs td97.

@ksd, ho tgc CGNH 120>, jdrc cjpg`shs g`s acco put do prcvcothvc jc`surcs. Ygcrc hs òcw sua-ihsnhpkhoc, Rrcvcothdo, td wghng g`s acco jdvci tgrcc dki hoihn`tdrs.

ûa-ihsnhpkhoc 0 (R`thcot rhegts, hofdrj`thdo òi c-Gc`ktg)

Yghs sua-ihsnhpkhoc hs tgc s`jc `s ho 1201, cxncpt tg`t tgc nrhtcrh` fdr tgc hoihn`tdr 0.7Nrdss-adricr n`rc g`vc acco thegtcoci `nndrihoe td tgc CS nrdss-adricr n`rc ihrcnthvc.

ûa-ihsnhpkhoc 1 @nncsshahkhty (w`hthoe thjcs)

Yghs sua-ihsnhpkhoc g`s acco cxpòici whtg tgc hoihn`tdr (Dutndjcs)ocw hoihn`tdrs.5 @adrthdo r`tcs

ûa-ihsnhpkhoc 9 (Qòec òi Qc`ng df scrvhncs prdvhici) od ocw hoihn`tdrs, aut
http://www.bqs-institut.de/http://www.bqs-institut.de/http://www.bqs-institut.de/


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9.7 N`cs`rcò scnthdo r`tcs

g`s acco jdvci gcrc frdj sua-ihsnhpkhoc Dutndjcs.

ûa-ihsnhpkhoc 3 (Rrcvcothdo)ocw hoihn`tdrs g`s acco ehvco ` shxtg sua-ihsnhpkhoc, Rrcvcothdo, `s jòy hotcrcstcip`rthcs (adtg jhohstrhcs òi cxpcrts) g`vc acco `smhoe fdr tg`t `spcnt td ac ndvcrci ho tgcCGNH. Doc sj`kk prdakcj whtg Rrcvcothdo jhegt ac tg`t jòy prcvcothvc jc`surcs `rc odt

ocncss`rhky tgc t`sm df gc`ktgn`rc scrvhncs. Ygc Hoicx `t kc`st trhcs td ndoncotr`tc do sung`spcnts df Rrcvcothdo, wghng nò ac `ffcntci ay gujò icnhshdo j`mcrs ho ` rc`sdoàkysgdrt thjc fr`jc.

@ftcr g`vhoe gì td surrcoicr td tgc k`nm df st`thsthns syoirdjc, òi `ftcr snruthoy ay tgccxpcrt pòck,97 hoihn`tdrs survhvci hotd tgc CGNH 120>.

Ygc hoihn`tdr `rc`s fdr tgc CGNH 120> tgus acn`jc. Dutndjcs 5

9. Qòec òi rc`ng df scrvhncs (Ecocrdshty) 7

3. Rrcvcothdo 7

6. Rg`rj`ncuthn`ks 5


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8.3 ^ndrhoe ho tgc CGNH 120>

Ygc pcrfdrjònc df tgc rcspcnthvc o`thdo`k gc`ktgn`rc systcjs wcrc erìci do ` tgrcc-

erìc sn`kc fdr c`ng hoihn`tdr, wgcrc tgc erìcs g`vc tgc r`tgcr davhdus jcòhoe df Ercco: eddi (), @jacr : sd-sd () òi rci : odt-sd-eddi (). @ ercco sndrc c`ros > pdhots,ò `jacr sndrc 1 pdhots òi ` rci sndrc (dr ` odt `v`hkàkc, o.`.) c`ros 0 pdhot.

G`vhoe shx odo-CS nduotrhcs ho tgc Hoicx, wgd sgduki odt ac sthej`thzci fdr odt (yct)achoe CS jcjacr st`tcs do hoihn`tdr 0.7 Frcc ngdhnc df n`rc ho òdtgcr CS st`tc, fdrncitgc hotrdiunthdo df ` ocw sndrc ho tgc CGNH 1228< odt `ppkhnàkc. Ygcsc nduotrhcstgcrcfdrc rcnchvc tgc o.`p. sndrc, wghng c`ros 1 pdhots. Yg`t sndrc w`s `ksd `ppkhci do

hoihn`tdr 0.8 fdr Hnckòi òi J`kt`, `s tgcy csscoth`kky g`vc doky doc rc`k gdspht`k c`ng.

Ho 120>, ` Rurpkc sndrc< , c`rohoe 2 pdhots, w`s hotrdiunci fdr p`rthnuk`rky adjhoàkcrcsukts. Ht g`s acco cxnkushvcky `ppkhci do hoihn`tdr >.7 @adrthdo r`tcs fdr nduotrhcs odt

ehvhoe wdjco tgc rhegt td àdrthdo.

^honc tgc 1226 Hoicx, tgc s`jc jctgdidkdey g`s acco usci< Fdr c`ng df tgc sua-ihsnhpkhocs, tgc nduotry sndrc hs n`knuk`tci `s ` pcrncotèc df tgc j`xhjuj pdsshakc (c.e.fdr U`hthoe thjcs, tgc sndrc fdr ` st`tc g`s acco n`knuk`tci `s % df tgc j`xhjuj > x 6 :07).

Ygcrc`ftcr, tgc sua-ihsnhpkhoc sndrcs wcrc jukthpkhci ay tgc wchegt ndcffhnhcots ehvco hotgc fdkkdwhoe scnthdo oi iici up td j`mc tgc fho`k nduotry sndrc. Ygcsc pcrncotècs wcrctgco rduoici td ` tgrcc iheht hotcecr, sd tg`t ò @kk Ercco sndrc do tgc 97 hoihn`tdrswduki yhcki 0222 pdhots. @kk Qci ehvcs >>> pdhots.

8.6 Uchegt ndcffhnhcots

Ygc pdsshahkhty df hotrdiunhoe wchegt ndcffhnhcots w`s ihsnussci `krcìy fdr tgc CGNH1223, h.c. sckcnthoe ncrt`ho hoihn`tdr `rc`s `s achoe jdrc hjpdrtòt tgò dtgcrs òijukthpkyhoe tgchr sndrcs ay oujacrs dtgcr tgò 0.

Fdr tgc CGNH 1226, cxpkhnht wchegt ndcffhnhcots fdr tgc fhvc sua-ihsnhpkhocs wcrc hotrdiunci`ftcr ` n`rcfuk ndoshicr`thdo df wghng hoihn`tdrs sgduki ac ndoshicrci fdr ghegcr wchegt.Ygc `nncsshahkhty òi dutndjcs sua ihsnhpkhocs wcrc icnhici `s tgc j`ho nòihi`tcs fdrghegcr wchegt ndcffhnhcots a`sci j`hoky do ihsnusshdos whtgcxpcrt pòcksòi cxpcrhconcfrdj ` oujacr df p`thcot survcy stuihcs.

Ho tgc CGNH 120>, tgc sndrcs fdr tgc fhvc sua-ihsnhpkhocs wcrc ehvco tgc fdkkdwhoe wchegts5.32

Dutndjcs 132 >3.50


48/102



96

Qòec òi rc`ng df scrvhncs(Ecocrdshty)

032 07.53

Rrcvcothdo 013 03.6>

Rg`rj`ncuthn`ks 022 09.18

Ydt`k suj df wchegts 0222

Ndoscqucotky, `s tgc pcrncotècs df fukk sndrcs wcrc ìici òi jukthpkhci ay (0222/Ydt`ksuj df

euro health, consumer index 2013, report

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