APA FORMATTING

Entrepreneurship FYS

September 20th, 2012

What is APA formatting?

American Psychological Association Citing sources within the social sciences

General Formatting Rules Double spaced 1-inch margins 12 point font that’s easily readable

(Times New Roman recommended)

Parts of an APA Essay

Title page Abstract Main body References

Title Page

Running header Title, authors name, institutional

affiliation

Running head: flush left

Page number: flush right

Full title

Name

Affiliated institution

Top half of page

Abstract Mainly useful in research papers Should include the page header Center the word “Abstract” on the first

line On the next line, type a short summary

of the key points of your research May include key points, which go on the

line after the abstract Between 150-250 words

Running head: flush left

Page number: flush right

Centered, no other formatting

No indentation

Italicized, indented

Main Body

Include the running header, number the first text page as 3

Type and center the full title of the paper at the top of the page.

Type the text double-spaced with all sections following each other without a break

Identify sources used with parenthetical in-text citations

References Continue the running

header with page number Type and center

“References” on the first line (no bolding, underlining, etc.)

Generally include author, publication year, article title, page #, etc.

LOTS of referencing rules Consult Purdue OWL site or

use trusted online citation generator (Son of Citation Machine)

In-text Citations

Author-date method when indirectly quoting materialExample: Doubt is a common feeling in the

business world (Hsieh, 2010).Or: As Hsieh (2010) alludes to in the book,

doubt is a common feeling in the business world.

In-text Citations Direct short quotes – (Author, date of

publication, and page number).Example: As he put it, "It just goes to show that

you never know when something you perceive as a negative will ultimately turn out to be a good thing" (Hsieh, 2010, p. 214).

Or: As Hsieh (2010) put it, "It just goes to show that you never know when something you perceive as a negative will ultimately turn out to be a good thing" (p. 214).

Short quotes are ≤40 words

In-text Citations Direct long quotes – . (Author, date of publication, and

page number) Long quotes are >40 words

Example: When referring to these obstacles, he wrote:

To an outsider, it may have seemed like a desperate and reckless plan. But in my mind, it wasn't. We had taken Zappos this far, and there was no turning back now. In my heart, I knew it was the right thing to do. I believed in Zappos. (Hsieh, 2010, p. 103)

In-text Citations Or: When referring to these obstacles, Hsieh

(2010) wrote:

To an outsider, it may have seemed like a desperate and reckless plan. But in my mind, it wasn't. We had taken Zappos this far, and there was no turning back now. In my heart, I knew it was the right thing to do. I believed in Zappos. (p. 103)

In-text Citations 2 authors: (Wegener

& Petty, 1994). 3-5 authors:

1st time: (Kernis, Cornell, Sun, Berry, & Harlow, 1993).

Subsequently: (Kernis et al., 1993).

6 or more authors: (Harris et al., 2001) or Harris et al. (2001) argued...

Unknown author: (“Title,” date).

Other special cases: consult the Purdue OWL site

Purdue Online Writing Lab

References Angeli, E., Wagner, J., Lawrick, E., Moore, K., Anderson, M.,

Soderlund, L., & Brizee, A. (2010, May 5). General format. Retrieved from http://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/ resource/560/01/