enr csos consolidated performance report, 20...

�ENR CSOs Consolidated Performance Report, 2010/2011

ENR CSO Network in Uganda

C/O Environmental Alert, Kabalagala off Ggaba RdBehind Kirabo Kya Maria Building

P.O. Box 11259, Kampala; Tel: 0414510547, 0712862050Email: [email protected]

September 2011

ENR CSOs Consolidated Performance Report, 20�0/20�

2 ENR CSOs Consolidated Performance Report, 2010/2011

Acronyms

ACCU Anti-CorruptionCoalitioninUgandaACODE AdvocatesCoalitionforDevelopmentandEnvironmentAUPWAE AssociationofUgandaProfessionalWomeninAgricultureandEnvironment.BFP BudgetFrameworkPaperCAN-U Climate Action �etwork-UgandaClimateAction�etwork-UgandaCBO CommunityBasedOrganizationCDM CleanDevelopmentMechanismCDO CommunityDevelopmentOfficerCFM CollaborativeForestManagementCFR CentralForestReserveCLA CommunalLandAssociationCODECA CommunityDevelopmentandConservationAgencyCOP ConferenceofPartiesCSO CivilSocietyOrganizationCWMP CommunityWetlandManagementPlanDOM DepartmentofMeteorologyDP DevelopmentPartnerDWRM DirectorateofWaterResourcesManagementDWRM DirectorateofWaterResourcesManagementEIS EnvironmentalImpactStatementEMLI Home-EnvironmentalManagementforLivelihoodImprovementENR Environmentand�aturalResourcesFAO FoodandAgriculturalOrganizationFIEFOC FarmIncomeEnhancementFMP ForestManagementPlansFP FishPondsFSSD ForestrySectorSupportdepartmentFY FinancialyearHEP Hydro-ElectricPowerICT Information,CommunicationTechnologyIFC InternationalFinanceCorporationIUCN InternationalUnionforConservationof�atureIWDP IntegratedWomenDevelopmentProgramJESE JointEffortstoSavetheEnvironmentJSR JointSectorReviewKACODA KapchorwaCommunityDevelopmentAssociationKASUFU KabendeSustainableForestUsersgroupKRC KabaroleResearchCentreLFR LocalForestReserveMMU MountainsoftheMoonUniversityMUKWATA MugusuKarambaTwerwanehoWetlandsAssociationNAADS �ationalAgriculturalAdvisoryServices


NAPA �ationalAdaptationProgramsofActionNEMA �ationalEnvironmentManagementAuthorityNFA �ationalForestryAuthorityNU �atureUgandaPA ProtectedAreasPoA ProgramofActivitiesPROBICOU Pro-BiodiversityConservationinUgandaREDDNet ReducingEmissionsfromDeforestationandForestDegradation�etworkREPA Rights,EquityandProtectedAreasSPR SectorPerformanceReportSWAGEN SupportforWomeninAgricultureandEnvironmentTBG TooroBotanicalGardensUCSD TheUgandaCoalitionforSustainableDevelopmentUWS UgandaWildlifeSocietyWCS WildlifeConservationSocietyWGI WaterGovernanceInstituteWMD WetlandsManagementDepartment

� ENR CSOs Consolidated Performance Report, 2010/2011

Acknowledgments

Civil Society Organisations in the Environment and Natural Resources sector are grateful for the support from IUCN, ACODE and Environment Alert that have taken a lead role in bringing CSOs together to undertake performance reviews. ENR CSOs that volunteered information for this report are highly appreciated. Special appreciations go the team at Environment Alert for coordinating this process ahead of the Joint Sector Review. Sincere appreciations go to the Directorate of Environment at the Ministry of Water and Environment for pursuing this opportunity to include achievements of ENR CSOs in the Sector Performance Report.

ENR CSOs also wish to acknowledge the financial support from development partners who include among others: DANIDA, USAID, GIZ, Government of Norway, World Bank, CIDA, Oxfam Novib, EED, UNEP, Open Society, Revenue Watch Institute, Mac-Arthur Foundation, FAO, UNDP, CARE International and GoU. Without their support, the achievements detailed in this report, would not have been accomplished.


Table of Contents

Acronyms .................................................................................................................................2

Acknowledgments .....................................................................................................................3

Table of Contents .......................................................................................................................4

1. Executive Summary ................................................................................................................5

2. Context of the report ..............................................................................................................6

2.1. Introduction and background ......................................................................................................................................................6

2.2. ENR CSOs participation and coordination .................................................................................................................................7

2.3. CSO Investments in Environment and Natural Resources ......................................................................................................................... 7

3. Achievements and Outcomes per-sub sector ..............................................................................8

3.1. Forestry Sub-sector performance ................................................................................................................................................8

3.2. Wetlands Sub-sector performance .............................................................................................................................................15

3.3. Environment Sub-sector performance ......................................................................................................................................19

3.4. Weather and Climate Change Sub-sector performance ......................................................................................................22

3.5. Governance concerns in the sector ...........................................................................................................................................24

4. Cross-cutting issues (HIV/AIDS, Gender, Community Development and Poverty) ................................. 6

5. Sector Challenges and Recommendations ................................................................................26

6. Annexes ...............................................................................................................................27

6.1. List of References .............................................................................................................................................................................27

6.2. List of contacted persons ..............................................................................................................................................................29


�.Executive Summary

ThepremiseforparticipationofE�RCSOsinthesectorreviewisbuiltonthefactthatover90%ofthepopulationdirectly or indirectly depends on the products and services from the E�R sector, for energy, employment, rawmaterialsfortheindustries,revenuegenerationandforeignexchangeearningsthroughtourism.

This year, with support from development partners and based on figures submitted by 29 CSOs, ENR CSOs invested USD 3,856,802 million, with 31% (USD 1,186,560) going to forestry, 14 % (USD 527,811) going to wetlands, 10% (USD 391,734) to Environment, 41% (USD 1,600,152) going to weather and climate change and 4% (USD 150,545) being spent advocacy programmes and activities.

Key achievements of the ENR CSOs in the forestry sub-sector include planting of 3.9 million trees covering over 60 community groups, 404 institutions, 800 households, 700 schools, and 17 churches. They also resurveyed 102 kilometres of forest boundary and supported the development of a Forest Management Plans for Private Forest Owners including Community Forests. They undertook initiatives to reduce deforestation which included pursuing a legal suit against Oil Palm Uganda Limited on degazettement of Kalangala forests, initiation of carbon trade schemes, promoting agriculture waste-to-energy (fuel briquettes), capacity building for forest management at local government level, promotion of forest based enterprises and comprehensive radio programs to raise awareness about avoided deforestation.

In the wetlands sub-sector, ENR CSOs supported the process for development of the National Wetlands Gazettement Framework and development of institutional frameworks at community level for the management of Biodiversity Conservation Areas and Water Catchment Areas. In a bid to reduce encroachment on wetlands, ENR CSOs filed cases against developers for constructing in wetlands, undertook awareness raising initiatives through print and electronic media and reviewed environmental impact assessment for Early Oil Production Schemes and Production Sharing Agreements with specific consideration for environmental abuse.

As partners to government in development, ENR CSOs raised awareness for climate change adaptation and mitigations actions as well as undertaking research on drought resistant and early maturing varieties for multiplication and are practicing agro-forestry to reduce impacts.

Even with the above success, ENR CSOs still feel government has to take the sector seriously:

• There is inadequate public investment in ENR sector. Therefore CSOs advocate for increased and earmarked funding of the sector.

• Climate change threatens to frustrate poverty eradication programs and therefore the need to finalize the Climate Change policy.

• Uganda is loosing 80,000 hectares of forests to encroachment which requires the MWE to roll out the Environment Police to strengthen law enforcement and partner with ENR CSOs to promote energy saving technologies.

• There is lack of transparency in oil and gas development. GoU should publicize the Production Sharing Agreements and put in place mechanisms for environmental controls in the oil prospecting region.

• Uganda’s wetlands continue to suffer from pollution and conversion to other uses and therefore a need for government support and funding to restore the physical and legal integrity of the wetlands.


2.Context of the report

2.1. Introduction and background

Civil Society Organisations in the E�R sector have a responsibility to undertake self-performance appraisals thatintheendbecomespartoftheSectorPerformanceReport(SPR),producedannuallybytheMinistryofWaterandEnvironmentandpresentedduringtheannualJointSectorReview(JSR).Twentynine(29)E�RCSOswereabletosubmitminiperformancesforconsolidationthathavebeenusedtogeneratethisreport.ThepurposeofthisreportistoshowcaseachievementsandcontributionofCSOstosectordevelopmentsin2010.Thisprovidesanopportunityto share emerging issues/challenges/opportunities and lessons from the undertakings. This also provides anopportunityforCSOstorecommendactionstobeundertakenbygovernment.ItalsobuildsoneffortsforinstitutionalcollaborationandbringingtheGovernmentofUgandaandUgandanE�RCSOstogetherfordevelopment.

This report provides progress against undertakings agreed and adopted at the 2010 JSR for implementation during FY 2010/2011. These undertakings were:

1. Finalising an ENR Performance Measurement Framework through multi-stakeholder consultations and approval by the Sector Working Group (SWG) by the end of FY 2010/2011

2. Finalising and starting the implementation of the strategy for effective forest and wetland boundary demarcation by the end of FY 2010/11

3. Review, refine and harmonise ENR roles and responsibilities within and outside the ENR institutions by the end of FY 2011/12.

4. Develop a draft National Climate Change Policy in FY 2010/11 and Strategy to guide implementation of Climate Change Action in the country by the end of FY 2011/12

Methodology

A meeting was held to create awareness for self-appraisal of the ENR CSOs as part of the sector review process. A Measurement Framework/Tool was developed in collaboration with the Ministry of Water and Environment. The tool provides indicators against which ENR CSOs provided information. Information was generated, collated and face to face meetings were conducted to enhance the data collected. The information collected was tallied and synthesised into a draft report. A consultative meeting was held on 25th August 2011 to generate feedback and input on the draft performance report for the ENR CSOs subsector 2010/2011. In this meeting a review team was constituted, to finalise the report.

Limitations

• There is a lot to learn and develop mechanisms for compilation of information by the CSOs alongside implementation of the activities.

• The number of CSOs/NGOs/CBOs operating at the grassroots sector is not well established; reaching out to each is rather difficult therefore their achievements have not been captured. Regional consultations and processes for sector performance reviews are proposed.

• There is no mechanism for validation of reports submitted by CSOs and the proposal is to initiate peer-to-peer field visits to ascertain the validity of the information.

2.1. ENR CSOs participation and coordination

Based on a mapping process conducted by Environmental Alert in 2010, it is estimated that over 1,000 CSOs are operating in the Environment and Natural Resources (ENR) sub-sector. Since they operate in different parts of the country, capturing knowledge and achievements arising from their undertakings is a challenge.


In this reporting period, stakeholder’s dialogues have been held to strengthen awareness and advance the coordination of ENRCSOs participation in the Joint Sector Review Process. Consequently, ENRCSOs agreed on the following:

1. To continue operating as a loose network hosted by Environmental Alert. 2. To organise themselves along Forestry, Wetlands, Environment, Weather and Climate Change and Governance

thematic areas (with each theme being coordinated by a dedicated CSO).3. Leaders of the thematic groups develop Terms of Reference and Code of Conduct for member CSOs of that particular

thematic area.4. Undertake fundraising drives to raise funds for activities of the ENR CSOs network.

2.1. CSO Investments in Environment and Natural Resources

ENR CSOs operate on meager resources usually acquired from development partners. Grassroots CSOs lack expertise in documenting outputs/outcomes/lessons and consequently can not attract funds from donors. In some cases, CSOs are unwilling to declare funds utilized and some undertake voluntary work that is often not costed. Based on figures submitted by 29 ENR CSOs using an agreed tool for FY2010/11, ENR CSOs invested USD 3,856,802 million in the ENR Sub-Sector. Details of investment in the different thematic areas are shown on the chart below.

ENR CSO Investment in the sector

Governancesub-sector,

USD150,545

4% Forestrysub-sector,

USD1,186,560

31%

Wetlandssub-sector,

USD527,811

14%Environmentsub-sector,

USD391,734

10%

Climatechangesub-

sector,

USD1,600,152

41%

Source: Based on figures submitted by individual ENR CSOs


�.Achievements and Outcomes per-sub sector

3.1. Forestry Sub-sector performance

AccordingtothePovertyEradicationActionPlan(2004/5–2007/8),forestsprovideanannualeconomicvalueof$360million,providesformalemploymentforover100,000peopleandinformalemploymentforover750,000peopleandiscrucialtothelivesofmillionsofUgandansespeciallythepoor.ItisagainstthisbackgroundthatE�RCSOsundertaketoinvestinthesub-sector.Theparagraphsherebelowprovidetheactivities,achievements,challengesandrecommendationsarisingfromtheundertakingsof2010.

3.1.1 Improved afforestation – planting of new seedlings

CARE International supported Integrated Women Development Program CARITAS, KASUFU and MUKWATA community groups in Kahungye and Kabarole to raise and plant 28,272 seedlings for fuel wood and income generation. It also supported Toro Botanical Garden (TBG) to raise indigenous tree seedlings for rehabilitate the Mpanga River Catchments.

Tree Talk, in collaboration Wildlife Conservation Society (WCS), and 35 Community Groups raised and planted 2.9 million seedlings in 360 schools, 24 institutions located in Pader, Agago, Kitgum, Lamwo, Gulu, Amuru, Nwoya and Adjumani and Moyo.

IUCN together with Kapchorwa Community Development Association (KACODA), planted 32, 679 seedlings covering 809 acres of mosaic hill landscape and promoted agro-forestry for soil conservation in 26 hectares around Mt. Elgon National Park.

Around Mt. Rwenzori conservation area, WWF supported 691 households 20 institutions, 11groups, 17 churches to plant 838,865 seedlings of mixed species (10% indigenous and 90% exotic species). WWF also undertook to liberate 300 hectares of regenerating growth in degraded Rukara, Rwengeye and Kyamurangi Central Forest Reserves through climber cutting, shade opening and mobilizing communities to undertake regeneration/restoration/enrichment planting in the target sites. Communities have also been plant trees covering 27 hectares for corridor restoration in between Rwengeye and Kyamurangi CFRs.

In Mbarara and Ntungamo, SWAGEN under a CFM arrangement with NFA, has planted 38,885 seedlings covering 35 hectares of a pine establishment in Rwoho Central Forest Reserve.

In Bushenyi, LIPRO provided training to communities aimed at improving survival rates of the seedlings and enhancement of benefit sharing through Collaborative Forest Management with the National Forestry Authority. NAPE undertook similar initiatives in the Mukono and Buikwe districts.

It is anticipated that this will go a long way in contributing towards Uganda’s forestry policy ambition of maintaining a permanent forest estate, improving people’s livelihoods through forestry, support ecological restoration and protection of water catchments and abating climate change catastrophes since trees sink carbon.

The challenges however are bush fires that hinder survival of trees, roaming animals that browse on the trees, retarded growth due to climate change, fragmentation of districts that distorts planning, unavailability of tree seeds and lack of technical advisory services from the unfunded District Forest Services and land holding sizes of the farmers that are small and limit the size of plantations farmers can establish.

In addressing some of the challenges, Environment Alert organised dialogues on bush burning and stray animals in West Nile with a view to sensitize communities on the dangers of environmental degradation and impact on livelihoods of communities.

�0 ENR CSOs Consolidated Performance Report, 2010/2011

Recommendations:• E�RCSOstocontinuelobbyingcentralandlocalgovernmentstoplanandfundtreeplanting• E�RCSOstopartnerwithDFStodeliverforestextensionservicestocommunities.• E�RCSOstopartnerwithnationalagenciestocreateawarenessfortreeplanting,growingandprotection.

3.1.2 Demarcation of forest reserve boundaries

WWF conducted boundary re-survey and production of boundary plan maps for Rwengeye, Kyamurangi, Kasato, Kijuna and Rukara forest reserves in Kibale. It also increased the visibility of boundaries by constructing earth cairns, directional trenches and planting trees along boundaries. In collaboration with communities living near protected areas, a total of 131 kilometers of boundaries have been planted with trees in the Protected Areas of Bundibugyo, Ntoroko, Kabarole, Kibale and Kasese.

CODECA in Partnership with CARE supported boundary demarcation by planting trees for 3 prospecting community forests of Ongo, Motokai and Tengele in Masindi districts.

In Ntungamo and Mbarara, SWAGEN organized communities under a Collaborative Forest Management (CFM) agreement to undertake forest patrols to reduce boundary alteration, encroachment and incidences of forest fires.

LIPRO Uganda conducted 5 meetings within Bushenyi District Forest Services demanding re-opening of boundaries for Kabwohe and Koogo Local Forest Reserves.

By re-opening and maintaining boundaries of protected areas, ENR CSOs hope that this will reduce encroachment and restore the physical and legal integrity of the of the resource.

Recommendations:• CSOstopartnerwithGoUandspeedupre-openingboundariesofallforestreservestoreducefurther

encroachment.• CSOstoencourageandsupportcommunitiestoenterintoCollaborativeForestManagement(CFM)arrangements

with�FAandDFSinordertoenforcethenewlyre-openedboundaries.• CSOsandtheMinistryofWaterandEnvironmenttocontinueraisingseedlingsforboundaryplanting.• CSOstopursuetheprocessforregistrationofCommunityForeststhroughCommunalLandAssociations(CLAs)

andencouragemorecommunitiestoregistertheirforestsandmaintaintheirboundaries,

3.1.3 Reduction in deforestation

In an effort to halt forest degazettments and change of land use by central and local government, ACODE, Greenwatch and Environment Alert continued to pursue a suit against Oil Palm Uganda Limited (and 3 others) challenging degazettment of Kalangala forests. As a result, Oil Palm Uganda was denied a grant from International Finance Corporation (IFC) and this may deny the company the necessary resources to pursue further forest degazettment. The challenge however has been the laxity of the judiciary to follow up on environment cases.

This reporting year, Tree Talk and Eco-Trust initiated the registration of 70 tree farmers in the districts of Lamwo and Adjumani to plant trees for carbon trade. Approximately 70 hectares have been planted and community attitude towards deforestation is gradually changing. There is however, overwhelming interest and anxiety from farmers that are willing to join the scheme.

Nature Palace Foundation has been promoting agriculture waste-to-energy (fuel briquettes) to avail alternative cooking fuel substituting charcoal and firewood that are key drivers of deforestation. In Kalangala and Wakiso, 20 households now use 60 briquettes each per month instead of two sacks of charcoal and firewood reducing their expenses on fuel wood by 50%. A training and demonstration centre for waste-to-energy technologies is under development in Kalangala district.

��ENR CSOs Consolidated Performance Report, 2010/2011

Cultural ties and beliefs on use of firewood and charcoal are a major hindrance to the adoption of the new technologies.ENR CSOs have implemented comprehensive communication and radio programs (radio spots and radio talk shows) and published magazines, newsletters, brochures, flyers, poster against deforestation. Environment Alert aired informatials in West Nile and Central Region on avoided deforestation. Tree Talk ran over 2,360 radio spot messages and held 50 radio talk shows (on deforestation and tree planting) covering Lango, Acholi and Madi sub-regions. NAPE held community awareness meetings in Kalangala encouraging communities not to replace their standing trees with palm oil. Whereas there has been progress through this initiative, the cost of airtime and space in the print and electronic media are a major challenge. In addition, workshop related costs are equally high.

With all these initiatives undertaken, ENR CSOs anticipate a change in attitude and behaviour that will see reduced deforestation, increased adoption of sustainable alternative technologies and responsible management of the forest estate in the country.

Recommendations:• GovernmentandE�RCSOsshouldscaleupcarbontradeinitiativessincetheyencourageafforestationandarean

incentivetomaintainnaturalforestsonprivateland.• E�RCSOsandMinistryofEnergyandMineralDevelopmenttopopularisewaste-to-energytechnologiestoreduce

pressureonnaturalforestsforfirewoodandcharcoal.• E�RCSOstolobbyforimprovedhandlingofenvironmentcasesinthejudicialsystemandimprovedlaw

enforcementbyMWE.

3.1.4 Development and implementation of Forest Management Plans (FMPs)

CODECA in partnership with CARE international facilitated the development of a Forest Management Plan (FMP) for a Private Forest owner (covering 84 hectares) and an FMP for Tengele Community Forest (covering 200 hectares) in Masindi District. A similar effort was undertaken in Kyenjojo by the Joint Effort to Save the Environment (JESE) for two community forests.

The challenge is that approval of the FMPs by the Forest Sector Support Department (FSSD) unacceptably takes too long which has consequently affected implementation of the plan.

It is hoped that that adhering to the contents of the management plans will promote sustainable management of the community forests to the benefit of the owners.

Recommendations:• E�RCSOscontinuetosupportcommunityforestownerstodevelopForestManagementPlans• E�RCSOstolobbyFSSDtospeeduptheapprovalprocessfortheFMPstoallowproponentsundertaketheir

implementation.

3.1.5 Capacity building in sustainable forestry management

Greenwatch continued to undertake capacity building on environment, climate change and forestry law enforcement for the Directorate of Public Prosecution, Criminal Investigation Department, Judicial Officers, Judges and Natural Resources Officers country wide. So far there is a clear understanding of roles and responsibilities of the different actors and an appreciation that environment crime is crime too.

At least 10 districts have started processes to develop environmental ordinances that cover forestry, wetlands, and environment and climate change issues. And, in Tororo and Kasese, there have been arrests and trials in courts of law and subsequent evictions from forest reserves.

�2 ENR CSOs Consolidated Performance Report, 2010/2011

Forestry, and environmental, law enforcement still faces a number of formidable challenges:

• The Ministry of Justice takes long to review and endorse ordinances that are used to handle environmental crime in the districts.

• Enforcement of environment laws has been politicised rendering them difficult to implement.• District local governments lack funding for enforcement of environmental laws.

Tree Talk in collaboration with the District Forest Services trained 741 teachers in basics for planting, growing and protection of trees in the districts of Amuru, Nwoya, Gulu, Moyo, Adjumani, Kitgum, Lamwo, Pader and Agago. As a result 240 schools established woodlots estimated at 2 acres each.

CODECA in partnership with CARE International organised 10 capacity building events (in Kyenjojo, Kabarole and Masindi) on access, management and CFM initiatives between the NFA, NGOs, CBOs, prospective Community Forests and Private Forest Owners Conservation Associations.

WWF supported a process for two Resource User Agreements that have been signed and have improved relationships between communities and protected area management around Rwenzori Mountains National Park. In the same region, CARE International has undertaken two resource assessments resulting into two draft resource user agreements intended to improve livelihoods through bee-keeping and other forms of enterprises.

This year, Uganda Environmental Education Foundation (UEEF), in Buikwe and Mukono, enhanced CSO engagement in planning for natural resources at lower local governments and now there clear understanding of the role of CSOs/NGOs in complementing local government development initiatives.

UCSD together with REDDNet established a portal (see www.redd-net.org) that aims to share latest information and experiences on Reduced Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation (REDD) and building capacity of and experiences to civil society organizations and practitioners to help build pro-poor REDD projects in the country.

PROBICO conducted capacity building trainings for 2 forest dependant communities in Bwindi Impenetrable National Forest National Park. Consequently the groups formed a community based conservation organization (Nshongi- Rushaga community based organization) to coordinate conservation activities in the area. Involving indigenous communities in conservation in a participatory approach enhances decision making and implementation of initiatives.

The biggest challenge to all capacity building initiatives has been the politicisation of the management of ENR resources. All capacity building intentions are undermined by political decisions rather than decisions taken from a professional dimension.

Recommendations:• E�RCSOstobuildcapacityofpoliticiansonE�Rmanagementatalllevels.• E�RCSOstocontinuewithcapacitybuildingfortreegrowing,accessrights,collaborativeforestmanagement,

resource-userarrangement,enforcementandgovernance.• �ationallevelCSOstobuildthecapacityofregional/districtlevelCSOstoundertakethenecessarycapacity

buildingatcommunitylevel.

3.1.6 Promotion of forest based enterprises ENR CSOs have supported communities to start forest based enterprises such as bee-keeping and tree nursery management. In Kapchorwa, IUCN, SNV and KACODA established 1,920 hives, each hive produces about 20 litres of honey each costing 5,000 shillings. Per season, these communities earn approximately UGX 9.6 millions (approximatedly USD 3,500). This is being replicated by LIPRO in Bushenyi where 20 households have been supported with 80 bee-hives.

Tree Talk has guided 32 communities to establish commercial tree nurseries and so far 5 produced 38,885 tree seedlings which they sold to earn UGX 6,562,200 (approximately USD 2,500).


Because of the revenue generated, this has helped communities to appreciate the importance of forests and more communities are taking up forest based enterprises. It is also anticipated that by getting communities involved in these enterprises, the pressure on the resource is expected to reduce.

The main challenges have been sourcing of tree seed for the nurseries, finding market and pricing for the seedlings. There is also an issue on sharing of the revenue at group level (men often out muscle women).

Recommendations:• E�RCSOstocontinuebuildingcapacityatcommunitylevelformanagingforestbasedenterprises.• E�RCSOstocontinuesupportingcommunityforestbasedenterpriseswithmarketsandmarketinformation

3.1.7 Number of forestry case studies/research conducted

ENR CSOs have undertaken many studies which inform decision making in the sector. Key among these studies are:

• From Courtship to Institutional Collaboration: Bringing the Government of Uganda and Ugandan Civil Society Organizations together for Development, by Environmental Alert.

• Assessment of the potential forest certification and market demand for key forestry commodities in Uganda – by WWF

• Corruption and accountability crisis in the forestry sector. Documentation of illegal activities in selected Districts by CARE International and ACCU.

• The contribution of forestry to district revenue and household income in the districts of Dokolo, Hoima, Mubende, Mukono and Tororo by AUPWAE

• Carbon rights in REDD+ and their implications in East Africa by UCSD. • Mapping of tree seed sources in Northern Uganda by Tree Talk• Benefit sharing based on the experiences from Mt Elgon Regional Ecosystem, “Trees for the Global Benefits” and

Collaborative Forest Management by UCSD• Survey of organizations involved in human-wildlife conflict resolution around protected areas in Uganda by

PROBICOU. • Drivers of deforestation in Kibale, Kyenjojo and Mubende by CARE International.

3.1.8 Policy engagements

The Uganda Forest Working Group, spearheaded by Environment Alert, participated in the process for reviewing the National Forestry Plan. The aim was to take care of the new developments in the sector and provide a new strategic direction for the sector that is inline with the National Development Plan. CSOs emphasised the need to undertake an institutional review to streamline the current governance flaws that affect the image of the sector.

Environment Alert, in collaboration with several CSOs organised under the Uganda Forestry Working Group, undertook Expanded Consultations on REDD-Plus Preparedness Proposal. The major outcome is that the Uganda REDD+ proposal has been endorsed for funding. Key emerging issues were the general lack of information about REDD especially among actors at grass-root level.

The Forest Governance Learning Group, hosted by ACODE, held meetings with Parliamentary Sessional Committee of Natural Resources to address the question of degenerating institutional governance of the National Forestry Authority, the administration and management of forest concessions (for harvesting, tree planting and small scale extraction of products and services), the escalating levels of encroachment and loss of forest cover and the unresolved question of proposed degazettments fronted by both the central and local governments.

�� ENR CSOs Consolidated Performance Report, 2010/2011

Environmental Alert (EA) together with Community Development Resource Network (CDRN) with support from the Aga Khan Development Network (AKDN) documented best practice case studies on collaboration between CSOs and government in form of a book titled, ‘From Courtship to Institutional Collaboration: Bringing the Government of Uganda and Ugandan Civil Society Organizations together for Development.’ The book flags a positive look on how government sees civil society organisation and their operations in promoting development. The book is key reference to informing future public private partnerships between CSOs and Government in addressing poverty reduction to foster sustainable development.

The challenge arising from these engagements is the total neglect by government of recommendations by ENR CSOs on governance issues surrounding the forest sector. For example, the NFA has continued to run without a sitting executive director and there are continuous advances by government to degazette forest reserves.

Recommendations:• E�RCSOstocontinuepursuingtheMWEonthequestionofinstitutionaldegenerationandcaseof

mismanagementoftheforestresourceby�FA• E�RCSOstopartnerwiththeForestSectorSupportDepartmentandotheractorsontheREDDprocess• E�RCSOstoengagedistrictlocalgovernmentsonE�Rmanagementatdistrictlevel.

3.1.9 Private sector developments

In the forestry sub-sector, activity is mostly pronounced around plantation establishment. Alongside establishment of approximately 4,000 hectares of plantations, 183 hectares of woodlots, and with support from the Sawlog Production Grant Scheme (SPGS), the private sector has organised trainings, exchange tours and raised momentum for woodlot establishment at community level. For example 276 people trained in various aspects of plantation establishment, 24 people were exposed to commercial forestry in South Africa organised by SPGS in 14 locations across the country. Nursery operators (29) received accreditation to be sources of seedlings for the SPGS project. Small scale tree planters at community level received and planted 1.3 million seedlings for planting and 1,262 have been trained by the SPGS on basics of tree planting, growing and management.

Though not quantified in this report, the private sector provides employment to communities (plantation establishment), which improves the quality of life of people at community level. There is a long term economic benefit and environment service arising from the trees planted. The trees sink carbon hence reducing impacts climate change.

There is challenge that most of the species promoted are exotic and therefore a possibility to wipe out indigenous species. In addition, exotic species do not have the multipurpose role that other species have such as attracting bio-diversity.

Recommendation:• E�RCSOstobuildpartnershipwithprivatesectoractorsthatsupportsmallscalecommercialtreeplantingat

communitylevel.

3.2 Wetlands Sub-sector performance

The question of management of wetlands is of key importance to Uganda. The reason for this is that 10% of Uganda’s Land area of 205,333 km2 is covered by wetlands. This wetland resource has not always been regarded positively and often referred to as wastelands. Yet, wetlands contribute a lot to the livelihoods of the people Uganda. In 1986, Uganda Government placed a ban on further wetland conversion and initiated a process for a National Wetlands Policy. From then on, people realized their importance, a reason as to why ENR CSOs today play a role in the management of wetlands. Sections here below provide excerpts of ENR CSOs performances in the 2010/2011 reporting period.


3.2.1 Development of wetlands information system

IUCN, NU, UWS in collaboration with WMD made inventories and maps for Bisina and Opeta and Nakivaale Ramsar sites. Updated maps indicating biodiversity and socio economics data are now available. Whereas the maps show ceding of the lakes, they also indicate availability of significant biodiversity that would enhance exploitation of the tourism potential. These inventories and maps will continue to form part of the planning tools that planners and resource managers refer to from time to time for informed decision making.

Recommendation:• E�RCSOstolobbylocalgovernmentstointegratefindingsoftheinventoriesintheirplans.• E�RCSOstocontinueundertakingsimilarinventoriesinmajorwetlandsacrossthecountry

3.2.2 Wetlands policy and legislation processes

Again, IUCN, NU, UWS in collaboration with WMD contributed to the development of the National Wetlands Gazettement Framework that is a basis for the finalisation of the Wetlands Bill. They have also advocated for the integration of wetlands issues into the Wildlife Policy that is under review.

Recommendation:• IUC�andpartnerstocontinuelobbyingforinclusionofrecommendationsintherevisedWildlifePolicy

3.2.3 Institutional framework for wetlands management developed

IUCN has supported the development of 5 Community Biodiversity Conservation Areas in the wetlands of Bisina, Opeta and Nakivale. CARE International, in partnership with CODECA and JESE facilitated establishment of Community Based Wetland Management Institutions in Kabarole, Kamwenge, Kasese, Kyenjojo and Masindi and the WWF-funded Semiliki Project supported the development of plans and institutional structures for sub-catchment in the Semuliki Catchment Area.

The development of these conservation areas and management institutions should serve as examples to demonstrate the need for gazettements of wetlands in the country and increasing the community participation in their management.

The challenges however are limited funds to use an ecosystem approach for wetland systems management and the high expectations from the community members.

Recommendation:• E�RCSOstolobbyDistrictLocalGovernmentstosupportthecommunitybasedstructuresforeffective

implementation.

3.2.4 Increasing public and stakeholder awareness of wetlands and their beneficial products and services

ENR CSOs have conducted print and electronic media programs and awareness raising initiatives at community level raising awareness for Ramsar sites, byelaws, boundary demarcations, and edge gardening and wetlands protection.

Environment Alert documented a study on wetland wise use for Mabamba Ramsar Site raising issues on the importance of the site and increasing public awareness of wetland products and services.


IUCN conducted radio programmes in Kween and Kapchorwa targeting district level audiences and communities, raising awareness for wetlands protection.

CODECA organized and conducted radio talk shows beaming over Masindi, Hoima and Kibaale, on wise wetlands use, avoided pollution and management.

Tree Talk produced the Tree Talk Newsletter that focused on protection and restoration of watersheds and water catchments with over 250,000 copies distributed to over 5,000 institutions.

The WWF Semiliki Project has sensitized communities in 73 parishes and 12 sub-counties on the importance of wetlands as a water resource and this was supplemented with radio programs and drama on the sustainable use and management of wetlands.

Nature Palace Foundation (NPF) produced and distributed a video documentary on the benefits and need to conserve our wetlands particularly those that are of international importance (Ramsar Sites).

CARE and its partners have held significant awareness rising sessions among district and community and local leadership aimed at developing wetland management plans in the districts of Kasese, Kabarole, Kamwenge, Masindi.

Whereas there is willingness from the district natural resources offices to support wetlands management processes, there are limitations with financial resources, which is a major challenge. Whereas there is an appreciation of the importance of wetlands, there is continued drainage of wetlands for cultivation and settlement because of weak enforcement of existing legislation.

Raising awareness for wetlands has added to the momentum for development of district level ordinances and bye-laws for ENR management and will fast track accomplishment of Wetland Management Plans, especially for Ramsar sites and inform the public from time to time.

Recommendations:• E�RCSOstocontinueraisingpublicawarenessforresponsiblewetlandsmanagement.• E�RCSOstolobbycorporateinstitutionstosupportawarenesscampaignsofenvironmentmanagementnature.

3.2.5 Civil suits

Greenwatch, in support of NEMA, followed two civil suits, one against Scheer Property Limited to develop an Information Communication Technology (ICT) scanning and archiving premise in Kawuku and one against Nyakaana, both of which NEMA disapproved on grounds that the sites were located in an ecologically fragile ecosystem (wetland) and that wetlands cannot be granted to private individuals/entities because the State holds such natural resources in trust for the citizenry and they must be preserved for the public benefit.

The challenge is that though court ruled against the projects, the implementation of the ruling is not enforced. Nyakaana’s land title has not been cancelled and Sheer Property Limited continued to construct in the wetland.

It is anticipated that civil litigation will be one way to enforce the management of wetlands and these will help restore the ecological integrity and the benefits and services that accrue from wetlands.

Recommendations:• E�RCSOstopetitiongovernmentonwhyScheerPropertyLimitedcontinuedtoconstructagainsttherulingof

court• E�RCSOstofollowupontheimplementationoftherulingagainst�yakana.• E�RCSOstoidentifyandtakeactionagainstwetlandencroachersacrossthecountry.


3.2.6 Development of Wetland Management Plans

IUCN, NU, UWS in collaboration with WMD developed Management Plans for Nakivaale system, Bisina and Opeta whilst implementing activities envisaged in the plans such as supporting better fishing methods, ecotourism, control of soil erosion and boundary planting with trees of up to 7 Kms for each site. The areas where wetlands are under protection are recovering with reduced siltation and better breeding sites for fish. The districts have limited budgets to implement the management plans despite the increased interest by people and districts to scale up. The plea is for the Directorate of Water Resources Management to consider implementation of the catchment management strategies of the area that takes care of the proposed interests to scale up.

CARE International supported inventory of wetlands in Kabarole District. The outcomes form a basis for gazzettement and effective planning. The District Local Government has taken up ownership of the outcomes and a council meeting has been held discussing the strategies for managing critical wetlands. Based on this, Kabarole District agreed to provide UGX 10 millions annually from royalties to the environment sector. There is need to disseminate the findings and use outcomes to lobby increased investment from central government.

The WWF Semiliki project has supported community level planning in 73 parishes using Participatory Rural Appraisal tools in the Semiliki catchment results of which are now being used to draft a Sub-Catchment Plan. There is ownership for the process but there is scarcity of funds for implementation of catchment management plans.

If resource managers and the communities adhere to the contents of the management plans, and if the plans are well funded, then there is bound to be positive move towards sustainable management of wetlands in this country.

Recommendation:• E�RCSOsneedtolobbyforincreasedfundingtocaterfortheimplementationofWetlandManagementPlans.

3.3 Environment Sub-sector performance

The unsustainable use and management of environment resources reduces access to goods and services arising from the environment for subsistence. Part of the problem is low awareness of environmental issues but also failure to apprehend those that commit environment crimes. Schemes such as Payment for Ecosystem Services, efforts to undertake Environment Impact Assessment Studies and implementation of environment policies, laws, guidelines, standards, bye-laws have all been ruined by politics. ENR CSOs, have therefore not sat back. They identified actionable areas for which a number of achievements have been registered.

3.3.1 Compliance to environment laws, standards and guidelines

ENR CSOs organised under the Civil Society Coalition on Oil & Gas (CSCO), and include among others Water Governance Institute, ACODE, NAPE, EMLI, CODECA, and Greenwatch, reviewed, critiqued and published gaps on environmental impact assessment for Early Oil Production Schemes (EPS) and the emerging Petroleum Resource Management Draft Bill. The gaps include among others inadequate social, economic and environmental benchmark data to form basis for sanctioning the projects and for monitoring and evaluation of project impacts.

The challenge is that there are inadequacies and contradictions in respect to legal and institutional frameworks surrounding oil explorations and this may not deliver the desired outcomes for the people of Uganda.

ENR CSOs therefore have an opportunity to continue pursuing transparency in the entire oil development process and ensure the Petroleum Resource Management law addresses the interests of our country.


Recommendations:• E�RCSOsshouldlobbyfortransparencyandbetterlawregimeintheoilindustry• E�RCSOsshouldlobbyforconservationofareasofprimeenvironmentconcernintheoilprospectingareasuch

asnationalparks,heritagesites,wetlandsandforestreserves.

3.3.2 Improved sustainable agriculture

Africa 2000 network, in partnership with Plan International, McKnight Foundation, Cord Aid, Ford Foundation, ACDI VOCA, is working with 49,000 farmers, trained and established demonstrations in Tororo, Iganga, Namutumba, Kamuli, Kaliro Kabale, Kanungu, Kisoro, Wakiso and Kitgum with the intension to expose farmers to environmentally sound ways for undertaking sustainable agriculture, reduced level of pollution and degradation of the environment. The farmers have have adopted at least three sustainable agriculture practices that integrate aspects of agro-forestry.

The challenge is the Striga1 weed that has attacked eastern and northern parts of the county affecting crop yields, threatening food security and household incomes. Therefore the Ministry of Agriculture and that of Water and Environment should collaborate to control the weed.

Recommendations:• E�RCSOstocontinuesensitisingcommunitiesonsustainableagriculture• E�RCSOstoraiseawarenessaboutenvironmentconservationissues

3.3.3 Raising awareness

WGI produced a video documentary (available on You-Tube) based on interviews with people affected by the expansion of the Bwaise-Nsooba-Lubigi drainage channel. Expansion of the drainage channel will cause loss of livelihoods of project-affected people that had works along the route of the channel and therefore Kampala City Authority needs to renegotiate, compensate and plan a resettlement package for the affected people. WGI also reviewed the process for the construction of a sewerage plant in Lubigi Wetlands by the National Sewerage Corporation, which has increased flooding in the low income residential areas of Bwaise.

Nature Palace Foundation raised awareness among ENR sector organisations to refrain from using plastic badges and bags during conferences and designed and distributed bio-degradable multipurpose re-usable conference badges to control pollution from plastic name badges.

Recommendations:• E�RCSOstocontinuelobbyingresponsibleinstitutionsoncompensationandresettlementpackageforthe

affectedpeople.• E�RCSOstocontinuepromotingrecyclingtoavoidpollution.

3.3.4 Reduced level of pollution and degradation of the environment

PROBICOU is piloting Non-incineration Medical Waste treatment technology at Mengo Hospital and undertook a country level assessment on the status of Mercury in Uganda. There is a report that is expected to inform Intergovernmental negotiations for a mercury treaty.

The challenges are the weak and porous borders of Uganda that make control of mercury movement difficult consequently mercury-containing-products are still on the market. There is need for increased awareness about the dangers of mercury. Pollution from mercury cause lifelong ill-effects among humans which includes among other impairment of body parts.

1 Striga, commonly known as witches weed, is a parasitic plants that occur naturally in parts of Africa. Witch weeds are characterized by bright-green stems and leaves and small, Striga, commonly known as witches weed, is a parasitic plants that occur naturally in parts of Africa. Witch weeds are characterized by bright-green stems and leaves and small, brightly colored flowers. They are obligate parasites of roots and therefore require a living host for survival


Recommendations:• E�RCSOstoengageinnegotiationsforamercurytreaty.• E�RCSOstocreateawarenessaboutthehealthhazardsanddangersofmercury.

3.3.5 Ambient environmental quality

Green Watch developed a community guide/tool to assist communities in the oil exploration region monitor environmental impacts of oil exploration. This provides an opportunity to the communities to capture information relating to their own environment and claim a right to an ambient environment.

PROBICOU undertook a survey on birds using of biodiversity indicators in Panyimur, Nebbi District. One observation is that there is a lack of expertise in local communities to conduct continuous community based monitoring using biodiversity indicators. There is also fear of the likely level of environmental degradation caused by oil seismic activities in the area.

Recommendations:• E�RCSOstoprintanddisseminatethetoolsandencourageCommunityBasedOrganisationsintheoil

prospectingregionstousethemtocapturedatarelatedtooilexplorationandhowitaffectstheirenvironment.

3.3.6 Access to information

Greenwatch filed a suit in courts of law challenging non-disclosure of details of oil development and Production Sharing Agreements with specific consideration for environmental abuse. One hearing of the case so far has been made. The challenge is that from time to time Judges are allocated a different responsibility affecting continuity and progress of the case.

It was hoped that, taking a legal approach, would compel government to publicise information about the production sharing agreements.

Recommendation:• Greenwatchtopursuecourtcaseuntilarulingisattained.

3.4 Weather and Climate Change Sub-sector performance

Weather and climate change are today’s challenges to Uganda and our communities will bear the brunt of the effects of climate change, however much efforts are made to invest in overcoming poverty and advancing economic growth. Uganda needs to take action due to the fact that its economy relies on climate dependant resources. Action is needed in areas that elevate adaptive capacity, preparing institutions to respond adequately, provision of information and creating awareness at community level for preparedness, adaptation and capacity for resilience. ENR CSOs, as partners to government in development, have had the following achievements in the fight against climate change.

3.4.1 Creation of awareness among different stakeholders

Environment Alert published an issues paper entitle “Climate Change in Uganda; insights for long term adaptation and building community resilience”. This has been used to create awareness among policy makers, the private sector, media, legislators, development partners and CSOs.

Environment Alert participated in the Nile Day Celebrations to create awareness on sustainable management of River Nile and its basin amidst climate change. The Nile Day celebration provides opportunity for reflection for stakeholders to realise the importance of the Nile basin resources


AUPWAE with support from AfricAdapt undertook climate change sensitization for rural communities of Iganga and Jinja Districts. to create awareness about the impacts of climate changes and adaptation measures among 4 farming communities and 16 schools. About 20,000 community members were with climate sense messages through talk shows and spot messages aired on NBS FM Radio. Discussions were held with 130 district and sub-county leaders in the 4 sub-counties and action plans produced on how to integrate climate change in their activities.

Climate Action Network (CAN-U) organised a feedback workshop bringing together 150 participants to disseminate outcomes of COP 16 and lay strategies for COP17. Issues arising from the meeting included the need to fundraise for pilot adaptation and mitigation small scale projects, mobilize resources to implement the NAPA and develop the second national communication to UNFCCC. All these will require government to collaborate with CSOs.

EMLI has been drafting of Climate Change guidelines to mainstream budgets, sectoral plans and in local government. EMLI used a community planning approach in Luweero, Kikyusa sub-county where 20 community members have been trained on strategies for planned adaptation.

The Uganda Carbon Bureau (UCB) trained and sensitized various groups of individuals, companies and government agencies in over 50 meetings on climate change adaptation and mitigation. Over 130,000 copies of Climate Sense magazine was published and distributed to schools and all local governments in Uganda. Consequently 5 organisations have signed contracts to be carbon neutral.

Tree Talk undertook a Communication, Education and Public Awareness pilot project for selected secondary schools in Kampala and Wakiso. Climate change affects alertness of students in class due to extreme weather conditions (either too cold, or too hot). Climate change causes harsh environment around schools; compounds become dusty and sometimes flood. The absence of HEP affects revision and preparations for lessons. There is need to review the school curriculum to incorporate climate change issues and teachers need to integrate climate change issues in the subjects they teach.

Africa 2000 Network, DENIVA and Makerere University embarked on enhancing capacity of the communities to adapt to climate change and climate variability in eastern Uganda. The project is now working with 400 households organized in 16 groups. As a result, there is increased level of awareness on impacts, risks, vulnerability and choice of adaptations actions at community level. Communities have identified drought resistant and early maturing varieties for multiplication and communities are practicing agro-forestry.

Recommendation:• E�RCSOstocontinuecreatingawarenessforclimatechangeadaptationandmitigationactions.

3.4.2 Adoption of better climate change practices

Nature Palace Foundation (NPF) has been promoting climate-resilient agriculture and alternative cooking energy stoves. A centre for training in alternative energy is under development in Kalangala that will serve to disseminate climate-resilient models that have been developed. Closer collaboration between CSOs and government departments will be essential for promoting adoption of these technologies.

Recommendation:• E�RCSOstolobbycentralandlocalgovernmentstosupportinitiativesforalternativetechnologiesand

adaptationpractices

3.4.3 Projects submitted for climate change and adaptation funds

Uganda Carbon Bureau has developed 6 Programmatic Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) Projects. These include: Improved cook-stoves for East Africa (ICSEA), Sustainable Promotion of East African Renewables (SPEAR), Forestry for East-African Development and Emissions Reductions (FEADER), Waste water, Energy Efficiency for East-Africa and Fuel switch Program of Activities. Uganda is a major beneficiary in all these projects.

2�ENR CSOs Consolidated Performance Report, 2010/2011

3.4.4 Functioning climate change coordination

Uganda Carbon Bureau plays a role in coordinating programmatic Clean Development Mechanisms (CDM) projects in East-Africa. The challenges are the ever changing CDM rules, lengthy processes to project registration and high initial investments required. However it is important to maintain strong linkages with development funders and CDM market players, develop capacity for project proponents and keep up to date with CDM rules.

Eco-Trust continues to provide guidance on carbon trade and linking up tree farmers with carbon buyers internationally. The challenge is the ever-growing interest and yet the and yet carbon trading is a process requiring a lot of patience and control of anxieties.

Recommendations:• E�RCSOs(particularlyUgandaCarbonBureauandECO-Trust)tocontinueprovidingguidanceandcoordination

oncarbontrading.• E�RCSOstolobbyMWEtoestablishREDDImplementationUnittocoordinateactivitiesonemissions,

deforestationanddegradationinthecountry

3.4.5 Clean Development Mechanism projects submitted and approved

Uganda Carbon Bureau has submitted and validated Program of Activities (PoA) for improved cook-stoves for East Africa (ICSEA) which is at a final stage of validation. The challenges are insufficient funding and insufficient reliable datasets for project documentation.

3.5 Governance concerns in the sector

ENR CSOs, organized under the flagship of the Uganda Forestry Working Group (coordinated by Environment Alert) and the Forestry Governance Learning Group (hosted by ACODE) have continuously provided positive and constructive criticism relating to the need to adhering to guidelines, rules, regulations, procedure that are prescribed in the available legal frameworks for management of environment and natural resources. The following are examples of the governance flaws that have been pursued in the 2010/2011

3.5.1 Non-compliance to ENR laws and administrative procedures

Non-compliance with ENR laws and administrative procedures has not only remained highly conspicuous but also appear to have increased. In particular, NFA has had no organized leadership, the Executive Director has not been recruited for over two years, and the Board of Directors is questioned by the Inspector General of Government. NFA and the Ministry of Water and Environment have failed to comply with laws and procedures governing the award of forestry concessions, licenses, permits and there are perpetuated intentions to degazettment many reserves including Namanve, Buto Buvuma, Mbarara and the pending case on Mabira CFR. A number of developers and encroachers have laid siege on wetlands even after being challenged in courts of law. The non-disclosure of details of the Production Sharing Agreements (PSA) in the oil prospecting regions has been questioned. Such practices violate the spirit and letter of law regarding transparency and accountability in the sector. ENR CSOs therefore call on government to be transparent and publish in the media all controversial ENR dealings.

3.5.2 Failure by Government to Resolve the Problem of Encroachment

The problem of encroachment has escalated especially as a result of the President’s directive issued in 2007 to halt eviction of encroachers. Forests (for example the Mpanga Sector reserves in Wakiso and Mpigi districts), National Parks (as seen in Mt. Elgon National Park), Wetlands (Nansana wetlands) and other categories of Protected Areas are heavily settled, cultivated and developed. The issue of encroachment has increasingly become a highly political and controversial issue that threatens the very basis for environment and natural resources. It is desirous that government provides the necessary political support to control encroachment.


3.5.3 Low level of funding for ENR issues development activities.

The process of establishing and funding the District Forestry Service (DFS) has been extremely slow and does not reflect the urgency of the problem of forestry degradation in the country. Secondly, District Environment and Natural Resources Departments remain severely underfunded and lack the basic resources to function effectively. It is widely believed that the environment and natural resources are the backbone of development in this country. Unless ENR departments are operationalised and resourced to function effectively, ENR resources will continue to be under pressure from the private sector and the communities. At national level, still, there are meager resources for forestry, environment, wetlands and climate change. This is reason enough to see the pride of Uganda, the “Pearl of Africa”, “Gifted by Nature” deteriorate.

3.5.4 Failure to finalise the Climate Change Policy

ENR CSOs are aware that Government of Uganda has the required funding support from the Royal Danish Government to develop a climate change policy, a key undertaking for the Climate Change Unit, but this has limited progress to the detriment of planning processes in Uganda.

The process of establishing and funding the District Forestry Service (DFS) has been extremely slow and does not reflect the urgency of the problem of forestry degradation in the country. District Environment and Natural Resources Departments remain severely underfunded and lack the basic resources to function effectively.


�. Cross-cutting issues

(HIV/AIDS, Gender, Community Development and Poverty)

On gender, E�R CSOs have trained communities and local government leaders in gender analysis to informprogrammingespeciallyonissuesofaccess,control,participation,decisionmakingsandgenderbudgetingforE�Rmanagement. E�R CSOs have undertaken analyses for HIV/AIDS, natural resources management and livelihoodimprovementandhavelobbiedinterestgroupstonetworkandimproveservicestoHIV/AIDSvictimsthatdependentirelyonnaturalresources.

ENR CSOs have designed and implemented strategies to minimise conflict in management of forest reserves, wetlands and other protected areas.

ENR CSO have targeted the youth and children to orient their attitudes and behaviour on reproductive health, population growth and environment management countrywide.

Recommendations:• E�RCSOswillcontinuelobbyingsectoractorstotakeservicesonHIV/AIDStothehard-to-reachforestdependant

poorcommunities.• E�RCSOswillcontinuetonetworkandestablishlinkagestoprovideservicestotheHIV/AIDSvictims• E�RCSOwillcontinueshapingthemindsandattitudesoftheyouthandchildrenabouttheimportanceof

environmentandnaturalresourcesinthecountry.

�.

ENR CSO have targeted the youth and children to orient their attitudes and behaviour on reproductive health, population growth and environment management

countrywide

2� ENR CSOs Consolidated Performance Report, 2010/2011

�.Sector Challenges and Recommendations

ThereisinadequatepublicinvestmentinE�Rsector.E�RCSOsshouldadvocateforincreasedfundingofthesectorand influence development partners to earmark funding for the sector. Climate change threatens to frustratepovertyeradicationprogramsandthereforetheMinistryofWaterandEnvironmentshouldfinalisetheweatherandclimatepolicytoguidenationalresponsetoclimatechangeandE�RCSOsshouldpilotadaptationactionsthataimtoimprovelivelihoodsthroughagriculture,forestryandothersectorsofdevelopment.

Uganda is loosing 88,638 hectares to encroachment per year of its original forest cover. GoU should address governance concerns to support responsible forest management to curb deforestation. Government of Uganda should roll out the Environment Police to strengthen law enforcement and partner with ENR CSOs to promote alternative sources of energy, and energy saving technologies that reduce reliance on charcoal and firewood.

There is lack of transparency in oil and gas2 development. GoU should publicize information in the Production Sharing Agreements and ENR CSOs should advocate for maintenance of the ecological and environmental value of the wildlife reserves, national parks, World Heritage sites and Ramsar sites that are located in the oil prospecting area.

Uganda’s wetlands continue to suffer from pollution and conversion to other uses3. Government should increase both local and central government political support and funding to restore the physical and legal integrity of the wetlands and ENR CSOs should partner with government to undertake public education about the long-term benefits of the wetlands.

There are ENR governance challenges at local government level which include among others limited access to justice on ENR issues, corruption and poor compliance to enforcement of ENR laws which limits benefits to the poor. ENR CSOs should lobby government to roll out the Environment Police to strengthen enforcement of laws, review performance agreements for the Heads of Departments to have outputs aimed at law enforcement especially for ENR and assign resources to annual outputs through the Output Budgeting Tool (OBT) to reflect outputs on law enforcement.

Annexes2 Petroleum Exploration and Production Department. (2009). Status of Oil and Gas Exploration.3 AmanigaRuhanga, I. et al. (2009). Maintaining the Conservationand Tourism Value of Protected Areas in Petroleum Development Zones of the Albertine Rift: Ensuring Win-Win Approaches. Kampala: Uganda Wildlife Society

Uganda is loosing 88,638 hectares to encroachment per year of its original forest cover. GoU should address governance concerns to support responsible forest management to curb deforestation


�.

6.1. List of References

AUPAWAE, 2010, The contribution of forestry to district revenue and household income in the districts of Dokolo, Hoima, Mubende, Mukono and Tororo. CARE International et al, 2010, Corruption and accountability crisis in the forestry sector. Documentation of illegal activities in selected Districts.CARE International, 2010, Drivers of deforestation in Kibale, Kyenjojo and Mubende.Development Strategies, Policies and Plans.DFID, World Bank, UNDP et. al. (2002): Linking Poverty Reduction and Environment Management; Policy Challenges and Opportunities.Environment Alert, 2010, From Courtship to Institutional Collaboration: Bringing the Government of Uganda and Ugandan Civil Society Organizations together for Development, by Environmental Alert.Jan Joost Kessler (2002): Mainstreaming Environmental Issues into RuralMAAIF, MFPED (2000): Plan for Modernisation of Agriculture; Eradicating Poverty in UgandaMFPED (2002): Uganda Participatory Poverty Assessment Process: PPA2; Deepening the Understanding of Poverty.MFPED (2003): Uganda Poverty Status ReportMinistry of Water, Lands and Environment (2002): The National Forest PlanMoyini, Y and T. Muramira (2001): The Costs of Environmental Degradation to Uganda’s Economy, With Particular Reference to Poverty Eradication.NEMA (2001): Environment Economics Guidelines For UgandaNEMA: National State Of Environment Reports, 1998/1999, 2000/2001, 2002/2003 (Draft)PMA Sub-Committee on Natural Resources (2003): Indicators of the PMA priority area on Sustainable Natural Resource use and Management for the PMA M&E Framework.PROBICOU, 2010, Survey of organizations involved in human-wildlife conflict resolution around protected areas in Uganda by PROBICOU. Tree Talk, 2010, Mapping of tree seed sources in Northern Uganda.UCSD, 2010, Benefit sharing based on the experiences from Mt Elgon Regional Ecosystem, “Trees for the Global Benefits” and Collaborative Forest Management.UCSD, 2010, Carbon rights in REDD+ and their implications in East Africa. World Summit on Sustainable Development (2002): Various Issues.WWF Uganda, 2011, Assessment of the potential forest certification and market demand for key forestry commodities in Uganda.


6.3. List of contacted persons

Institution Address ContactCommunity Development and Conservation Agency

(CODECA)

Community Development and Conservation Agency(CODECA)P.O.Box 11279Plot 105,Strecther road, Ntinda, KampalaTelephone: +256-(0) 414-268286+256-(0) 414-268286 +256-(0) 414-501582Email: [email protected]@codecauganda.org

Madira DavidsonMobile-0783-006564, Email : [email protected]@[email protected]

Green Watch Uganda Green Watch UgandaP.o.Box 10120Kampala Plot 6 Colville St Airways House Ground Floor Suite #5 Tel: +256 (0)41 4344613 Fax: +256 (0)41 4343787 Email: [email protected] This e-mail address is being protected from spam bots, you need JavaScript enabled to view it Website: www.greenwatch.or.ug

Irene [email protected]@greenwatch.or.ug

Uganda Coalition for Sustainable Development.

Uganda Coalition for Sustainable DevelopmentP.O BOX 27551 Kampala.Nsambya-Kabalagala Ggaba RoadTelephone:+256414269461Email: [email protected]

Mr. Kimbowa Richard Program Manager (PM) +256-414-269461 [email protected] [email protected]

Nature Palace Foundation

Nature Palace FoundationP.O Box 29455,KampalaKabamba Ramsar SiteKassanje Rd Off Kampala Masaka Rd. +256392966008

David [email protected]

Advocate Coalition for Environment and Development (ACODE)

Advocate Coalition for Environment and Development (ACODE)P.O BOX 29836 Kampala.Plot 96 Kanjokya Street Kamwokya.Email [email protected]

Onesmus [email protected]+256-77-2423449+256-312-812150

Care International in Uganda

Care International UgandaP.O. Box 7280 Plot 17 Mackinnon Road Nakasero Kampala.Telephone 0414-258568 /90414-258568 /9 0312-258100Fax: 0414-344295 [email protected]

Kabesiime EdithProgram [email protected]+256-759-491189.

V. [email protected]

Environmental Management for livelihood Improvement- Bwaise Facility

Environmental Management for Livelihood Improvement Bwaise Facility (EMLI) P.O.Box 3430 Kampala Plot 56, Bwaise Nabweru Rd Telephone:+256-31-2111249

Robert [email protected]@gmail.com+256-78-2643315+256-71-24212340312111249


Institution Address ContactNGO Forum Plot 25, Muyenga Tank Hill

Road, Kabalagala P.O.Box 4636, Kampala, Uganda+256-414510272

Richard SsewakiryangaExecutive [email protected]@yahoo.com

National Association of Professional Environmentalists (NAPE)

National Association of Professional Environmentalists. Zana before Roofings,Ntutu zoon on Entebbe Road. Tel: +256 41 534453 Fax: +256 41 530181 Website: http://www.nape.or.ug

David [email protected]

The Association of professional Women in Agriculture and Environment

The Association of Professional Women in Agriculture and Environment (AUPWAE)P.O BOX KampalaPlot 4A Kimera RD, NURRU House Ntinda Telephone:0392898597Email: [email protected]

Dr. Harriet N. Muloki (0772601623)Concepta M. Mukasa [email protected] 0772467446

Nature Harness Initiatives.

Nature Harness Initiatives(NHI)P.O BOX 25286 Kampala.Plot 1740 Nsambya Road.Email: [email protected]@natureharness.or.ug,Telephone:+256413669425

Richard [email protected]@natureharness.or.ug

Uganda Wildlife Society (UWS)

Uganda Wildlife Society.P.O BOX Kampala, Uganda.Mulyampanda Herbert Coordinator Projects

Mulyampanda [email protected]

Sawlog Production Grant Scheme

SPGS ProjectLithuli Avenue, Bugolobi

Allan AmumpeTel: 0782 673 899; email [email protected]

WWF Uganda Country Office

Plot 2 Sturrock Road,Kamwokya/KololoP.O. Box 8758 , KAMPALA

Martin [email protected] Thomas OtimTel. [email protected]

Tree Talk Straight Talk Foundation Plot 4, Acacia Avenue, KololoP.O.Box 22366, Kampala, Uganda

Gaster KiyingiNational Program [email protected](0)772-448110

Uganda Land Alliance P. O. Box 26990 Tel: 256-041-540048 Fax: 256-041-540038 Website: www.ulaug.org

Ester ObaikolEster [email protected]

Uganda Carbon Bureau Uganda Carbon BureauOffice: Plot 47 Lubowa Estate, P.O. Box 70480, Kampala, Uganda Email: [email protected]

Bill [email protected] Phone: +256 752 644611+256 414 200988


Institution Address ContactUganda Environmental Education Foundation (UEEF)

P.O.Box 5658, Kampala, Uganda Senyonjo NicholasExecutive [email protected]@yahoo.com0414290740 / 0772420182

IUCN Plot 39, Babiha Avenue, KololoP.O. Box 10950 KampalaTel. 0414 233738

Barbara [email protected]

Africa 2000 Network P.O. BOX 21990 KampalaPlot 155 Kiira Road, Lower Kololo, Tel: +256-414-533186/7 Fax : +256-414-533189 Email : [email protected]@africa2000network.org

Jennifer Namusoke NakalembeDirector of Programmes0772461179 [email protected]

Environment Alert Environmental Alert, Kabalagala off Ggaba Rd, Behind Kirabo kya Maria Building, P.O. Box 11259, Kampala; Tel:

Joshua Zaake and Nelly Busingye0414510547 OR 0712862050; Email: [email protected]

LIPRO Uganda Livelihood Improvement Program of Uganda Mr. Bagambe StevenCountry Director 0772345454/[email protected]

Pro-Biodiversity Conservation in Uganda

Kawempe centre, Plot no 156, Bombo RoadP. O. Box 34407, Kampala, UgandaTel: +256-414-532676, +256-782-393912, +256-776-340666

Paul TwesigyeWebsite: www.probiodivesity.org ,E-mail: [email protected] [email protected]

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