ENGLISH COLONIZATION

ESSENTIAL QUESTIONS:

• What political, economic, religious, and social reasons led to the establishment of the thirteen English colonies?

• Which historic documents and colonial practices contributed to the growth of representative government?

• What differences existed between the main regions of the thirteen colonies?

• What was life like in colonial America?

• What factors contributed to religious freedom in the thirteen colonies?

RELIGION WAS A MAJOR SOURCE OF CONFLICT BETWEEN EUROPEAN NATIONS

• Until the 16th century, the Roman Catholic Church was the Christian church.

• After the Reformation, some nations adopted forms of Christianity that were different from the Catholic tradition

• Some nations adopted a Protestant form of Christianity

• England was one such nation

• Spain remained Catholic, and the relationship between Spain and England became increasingly worse

SPANISH ARMADA

ENGLAND IN AMERICA

• English made several failed attempts to colonize the New World• 1583 Sir Humphrey Gilbert –

Newfoundland

• 1585 Roanoke (part 1)

• 1587 Roanoke (part 2)

ENGLAND IN AMERICA

• JAMESTOWN 1607 CE• Who paid for it?

• How did it survive?

• How did the settlers govern themselves?

JAMESTOWN 1607 CE• Who paid for it?

• Joint-stock company: a company in which wealthy people put their money together to start a business/colony hoping that the colony will make them more money

• King James of England gave a charter to the Virginia Company to form a colony

JAMESTOWN 1607 CE• How did it survive?

• The settlers did not find gold, but instead faced disease and hunger

• The original leader, John Smith, forced everyone to work for their food and received help and food from the Powhatan natives

• When he returned to England, the colony struggled, facing a very difficult winter called the “starving time”

JAMESTOWN 1607 CE• How did it survive?

• The colonists of Jamestown wanted to abandon their colony and return home, but supplies arrived from England

• The colony finally figured out a resource that would make them money and make money for the Virginia Company: tobacco

• Because of this cash crop, the colony not only survived, but thrived.

JAMESTOWN 1607 CE• How did it survive?

JAMESTOWN 1607 CE• How did the settlers govern

themselves?

• The Virginia Company gave the colonists the right to govern themselves

• In 1619, male colonists elected members of the colony to be law-making representatives, creating the HOUSE OF BURGESSES

HOUSE OF BURGESSES

• The first legislative body of elected representatives in North America