energy behavior and national security creating a green

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Energy Behavior and gyNational Security

Creating a Green Military

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Richard AndresEnergy Chair

National Defense UniversityInstitute for National Strategic Studies

[email protected]

Last year the Secretaries of the Army and Air Force made energy culture a pillar of their

FIRST STEPS

Force made energy culture a pillar of their energy strategies

Make Energy a Consideration in All We Do

Air Force energy motto

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Secretary of the Navy Ray MabusSaying he was committing "the Navy and Marine Corps to meet bold, ambitious goals," Mabus announced five energy targets to the audience of more than 750 gathered at the Naval Energy Forum in

FIRST STEPS

audience of more than 750 gathered at the Naval Energy Forum in McLean, Va.

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Marine Corps Commandant Gen. Conwaypersonally hosts MC energy summit

New Army Solar Array

WHY IS THE MILITARY GOING GREEN?

Support the war effort

Contribute

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to national energy security

Save money

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Support Every fuel convoy taken off the road in Iraq or Afghanistan saves American livesSupport

the war effort

American lives

The Navy and Air Force’s principal vulnerabilities are their fuel tails

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Every device or good habit that conserves energy or generates energy from local sources has the potential to save lives


S Fuel makes up a large part of the military’s budget and isSave

money

the military s budget and is getting more expensive

$

$120

$140

$160 Inflation adjusted Oil Prices

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Over time, smarter behavior and better technology will save the Air Force and Navy billions in fuel costs.

$-

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Contribute Taking on huge issues like dependence on Mid East oil

to national energy security

dependence on Mid East oil and climate change requires a first-mover with deep pockets

Military As a First Mover• Internet

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• Create a market for alternative fuels• Develop/apply new technology• Adaptive techniques for climate change• Train a group of energy leaders

Internet• Commercial space• Nuclear power• West irrigated• Computers• Racial integration

It’s all about people

HOW DOES CHANGE HAPPEN IN THE MILITARY?

The military trains people for the missiony p p

People build and use machines

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People build and use machines

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Wh d l


When we produce greener people…

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They build and use greener machines

US Navy and Air Force T t H J tf l

Portable Energy for Front Lines

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Test Homegrown Jetfuel With 80% Less CO2

Army Solar Power

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They build and use greener machines

As importantly, they behave greener

The US military’s single greatest strength is that its people d t d d t th i i d i t i dunderstand and support the mission and innovate in order

to accomplish it.

All the green tech in the world won’t help if the people who are supposed to use it don’t care about conservation because they won’t use it.

Side note on technology v. behavior

Improving Behavior can often save as much buying new technology but at a much lower cost…

• Technology for protecting fuel convoys in Iraq could cost hundred of millions and save lives – training to convince soldiers to find creative ways to save energy might have the same effect for next to nothing

• A more efficient jet engine might cost billions of dollars to produce and use considerably less fuel – flight schedulers motivated by seminars at school might get the same savings through creative flight scheduling

• New insulation for base housing might cost millions and save considerably on energy use – training people to keep windows shut and the thermostats down might save as much for the price of the seminars

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HOW TO INFLUENCE MILITARY BEHAVIORAL?

Changing an organization’s behavior requires a four step cycle…

LeadershipBehavior

Metrics

Rewards

Develop – Purchase - Use

HirePromotePay

AllowRequireFacilitate

Norms/Values

Educate – Train – Persuade

Integrate energy messages into: Basic Training, NCO Schools, Technical Schools, Staff Colleges, War Colleges, Capstone

The military has some advantages and disadvantages compared to business…


Massive bureaucratic inertia and protective culture

LeadershipBehavior

Metrics

Rewards

Develop – Purchase - Use

HirePromotePay

AllowRequireFacilitate

pSaving money is often viewed by local units as a negative

Norms/Values

Educate – Train – PersuadeEducation: Boot camp—NCO schools—Staff and War Colleges

Discipline: Very responsive to guidance from leaders

Personnel consistently put the mission over their own preferences

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Based on this analysis, the military should pursue behavioral change through three approaches…

Integrate energy into education and training at schools

Senior leadership should repeatedly and publically support behavioral change

Most importantly, let the force know why good energy behavior supports the mission and is the right thing to do

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Militarily, teaching war fighters how to reduce their energy tail is likely to save a considerable number of lives in Iraq and Afghanistan and this behavior will continue to pay dividends in lives into the future

EXPECTED OUTCOME?

Over the course of a few years, changing energy behavior and unleashing energy innovation are likely to provide enormous cost savings at an extremely low price relative to investments in hardware

At the national level, the military discharges hundreds of thousands of bright motivated personnel every year; just as an earlier military generation played a key part in fighting for civil rights, properly educated and trained, these individuals will help to change the US energy culture

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energy behavior and national security creating a green

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