energy audit tool manual - eemo.govmu.orgeemo.govmu.org/english/documents/manual_audit_tool.pdf ·...

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Energy Audit Tool Manual

Client Name

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CONTENTS

I. About the ISO 50002 standard

II. Introduction to the tool functionality

III. Basic Interface and Menus

IV. EA Tool Screens Detail

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ABOUT THE ISO 50002 STANDARD

The ISO 50002 standard was developed to provide

a standard framework for the process of an energy

audit.

Audit Steps:

Step 1

Step 2

Step 3

Step 4 Step 5 Step 6

Step 7 Step 8

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ABOUT THE ISO 50002 STANDARD

The energy audit tool has been developed in accordance

with the ISO 50002 standard.

The ISO 50002 standard is a holistic approach to energy

auditing that elaborates a framework for organizational

engagement, facility assessment, energy analysis, and

planning of measures to reduce energy use.

The ISO 5002 audit standard is designed to compliment the

ISO 50001 energy management system.

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ABOUT THE EA TOOL

The tool is not just for technical analysis, but to

guide the energy auditor through the ISO 50002

energy audit process.

Proactive client engagement

Encourage a focus on energy efficiency barriers, not only technical analysis

Identify key personnel at the client site and ensure their involvement for

developing the audit and recommendations

Follow a structured process for data collection and planning a site visit

Optimize time and budget through good data collection planning processes

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ABOUT THE EA TOOL

Optimize time and budget through planning data collection and ensuring

that measurements are performed at the appropriate accuracy

Prepare the auditor for a site visit strategy that not only emphasizes

technical data collection activities, but also a focus on human factors

Guide the auditor through energy analysis and developing the energy

balance

Providing a guide to outlining a well structured energy audit report

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ABOUT THE EA TOOL

The purpose of the tool is to step the auditor

through step 1 through step 7 of the ISO 50002

audit process:

Energy Audit Planning (ISO 50002 step 1)

Opening Meeting (ISO 50002 step 2)

Data Collection (ISO 50002 step 3)

Measurement Planning (ISO 50002 step 4)

Conducting the Site Visit (ISO 50002 step 5)

Analysis (ISO 50002 step 6)

Reporting (ISO 50002 step 7)

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TOOL MENU TABS ACCORDING TO AUDIT STEPS

The tool menu tabs correspond to the ISO 50002

audit steps.

Step

1

Step

2

Step

3

Step

4 Step

5

Step

6 Step

7

Step

8

Tool menu tabs: Step 1 Step 2 / Step 3 Step 4 Step 5 Step 6 Step 7

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EA TOOL - FUNCTIONALITY AND

MINIMUM DATA INPUT REQUIREMENTS

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TOOL FUNCTIONALITY

The EA tool is designed to support the development of an

energy audit including:

- Generally documenting client and facility details

- Tools for preparing for on site data collection tasks

- Collection of data to support analysis

- Tools for analyzing energy management practices,

energy use patterns, and developing an energy balance

- Tools for simple analysis of equipment retrofits

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TOOL STRUCTURE

For the energy analysis to be performed, only data in the yellow screens

need to be entered. All other screens are standalone or read only. The

stand alone screens include forms (EA-3,EA-5, OM-1 to Om-5), and

tools (EA-2, EA-4, OM-7, MP-7, MP-1 to MP-3, AN-1 to AN-6).

The yellow screens are mandatory to fill to generate an energy balance.

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TOOL STRUCTURE

As shown Below,

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MINIMUM DATA REQUIREMENTS

The tool provides the following functions:

- General project documentation

- Tools for evaluation of energy management

practices

- Forms for audit data collection

- Development of the facility energy balance

- Analysis of basic energy efficiency retrofits

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The tool provides several functions to assist the

energy auditor

However, for the energy balance analysis, there

are is fundamental data that are required.

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Tool Function Data Type Scope of Data Relevant

Screens

Energy Balance Analysis

Utility data 1 year kWh per month kW demand per month

(electricity only) Monthly cost

OM-6

Installed equipment specifications

Power rating Efficiency

SS-3 to SS-12

Equipment schedule Equipment

Hourly operating profile for weekdays, weekends, holidays

SS-2

Retrofit Analysis

Installed equipment specifications

Power rating Efficiency

AN-1 to AN-6

Equipment schedule Equipment

Hourly operating profile for weekdays, weekends, holidays

SS-2

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EA TOOL – ANALYSIS METHODOLOGY

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ANALYSIS METHODOLOGY

Calculations for energy system can become highly complex. The objective of the tool is to provide

a way to analyze energy use with simplified techniques.

The consumption and demand of energy for a facility is always an estimate which is determined

through a relationship between key operating variables and the physical specifications of

equipment

As with many other analyses, the energy analysis of facilities can be guided by the 80/20 rule

(“Pareto Principle”) whereby an accuracy of 80% can be achieved through sound estimating

techniques.

Energy balances are developed in the tool by guiding the auditor to collect the principle

specifications of equipment to which operation variables (hours, operating intensity) are applied.

The analysis capability of the tool is simple but effective. It is not a complex engineering modeling

tool, but rather a tool to assist in a energy accounting for the auditor. The auditor my use best

engineering judgement to estimate the tool inputs, typically hours of operation and operating

intensities, so that energy use and demand can be estimated.

Energy consumption is estimated on a monthly basis, but is informed by application of hourly

scheduling.

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The monthly intensity factor is only for equipment for which operating intensity is affected by weather

severity. The tool assumes that a value of “1” means the equipment is operating at typical maximum

operating power.

For a piece of air conditioning equipment, a value of 1 would be selected if the design temperature was met

or exceeded for that month. Typically, the monthly intensity factor will be below 1.

The user must select an average for this value for the month. The value is typically selected based on the

number of degree days in a month for the case of air conditioning equipment

However, it is possible that the equipment operating

intensity is associated with another independent variable. For example, production intensity at a factory.

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The nominal monthly operating hours is the summation of the operating hours for all weekdays, weekends, and holidays in a particular month.

A model day weekends (WE), weekdays (WD), and holidays (HO) is defined in the

tool.

Every hour for each model day for a WE, WD or HO is can be defined as either “on” or “off” which is represented by a “1” or “0”.

A setback factor for each hour in each model day can be defined. The setback factor is

a value between 0 and 1. The purpose of the setback factor is to simulate control of equipment in response to a change in the operating needs of the equipment.

For example, an automation system could be used to either dim or turn off lights in a

certain building space (e.g. hallway). During unoccupied hours, the lights would be expected to then only operate about maybe 10% of the total. For air conditioning

cooling units, this setback factor could also be used to further adjust hourly operating profiles according to the expected hourly change in average outside air temperature.

Just remember that the hourly setback factor is applied to all model day types for the

particular month.

The tool only works to make adjustments for monthly averages, it does not allow customization for each individual day of the month. This is perhaps less accurate, but

is a simplification that should allow for a reasonable level of accuracy.

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ANALYSIS METHODOLOGY (CONT)

The setback factor can be defined for each

operating hour during the day. This intensity

factor accounts for the following:

Equipment duty cycle (e.g. air conditioning

compressor)

% of full load equipment is operating

Depreciation of loading due to faults: • Lamps burned out in fixture;

• Age factors;

• etc.

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EA TOOL INTERFACE

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EA TOOL INTERFACE –MENU TABS

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EA TOOL INTERFACE – RIBBON MENUS

Top ribbon tabs correspond to ISO 50002 step 1-7

Step

1

Step

2

Step

3

Step

4 Step

5

Step

6 Step

7

Step

8

Step 1 Step 2 / Step 3 Step 4 Step 5 Step 6 Step 7

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EA TOOL INTERFACE – SUB-MENUS

After selecting a top menu item (The “Dash” Tab in this case, there will be two sub-menu items which can be selected

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ENERGY AUDIT PLANNING (STEP 1)

The purpose of Step 1 of the ISO 50002 process is to initialize

the relationship with a customer for conducting a potential

energy audit. The overall goal should be for energy efficiency

intervention opportunities (i.e. management changes,

equipment retrofits) identified during the audit to be

implemented. An energy audit is not just an exercise in energy

accounting, it is the foundation which supports concrete steps

toward improving energy efficiency. The ISO 50002 energy

audit process is designed to help the auditor understand both

technical interventions for EE, but also what barriers exist that

have prevented action to date. The fist step inthe process is to

explore these barriers and the strategic importance of EE in the

customer’s business so that the audit can be used to support

action for implementing energy efficiency measures.

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During this initial phase, the key objective is:

to understand motivation for the client to perform and energy audit,

Explore the strategic importance of energy to the client

Review the clients current energy management practices and how

effective they are;

Understand the client’s barriers to implementing EE measures

Understand the desired outcomes of a potential energy audit

Develop the scope for a potential energy audit

Understand the high level facility development plan (e.g. capital

planning) and how it will affect future energy use

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EE Barriers

Lack of access to adapted financing

Lack of capacity

Lack of knowledge or

expertise Lack of time/priority

Lack of capacity to take on risk

These are common examples. There can be others. During Step 1, the auditor

should document barriers. The technical solutions will not be implemented

without overcoming EE barriers.

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DASHBOARD SCREEN

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THE DASH BOARD SCREEN (D-1)

This screen is read only and provides an overall summary of the energy audit data and collected

and analysis. This screen is read only with fields populated from other screens in the tool. This

screen provide the user feedback about the progress of the audit. If data in fields are missing,

then data collection and analysis is incomplete.

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THE DASH BOARD SCREEN FACILITY OVERVIEW

The facility overview screen is just basic data about the client and project. The

fields are populated form the project details screen (EA-1).

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THE DASH BOARD SCREEN – BUSINESS CASE

this provides and indication of how much energy is of the total operating budget of the

client. The inputs for this part of the Dashboard are from the “Business Case

Worksheet” screen EA-2.

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THE DASH BOARD SCREEN – BUSINESS CASE

The energy balance section provides a snapshot of the energy balance analysis and

tells the auditor if the analyzed energy use in the energy boundary is in balance with

the supplied energy. The energy balance data comes from the utility data screen

(OM-6) and Site Survey Screens (SS-1 to SS12).

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THE DASH BOARD SCREEN – SUMMARY OF MEASURES

This last table in the dashboard is a summary of recommended measures. This data

comes from the analysis screens in the tool (AN-1 to AN-6).

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AUDIT PLANNING – ISO 5002 STEP 1

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AUDIT PLANNING-PROJECT DETAILS SCREEN

These are the basic project details for the audit, including client and site descriptions. The analyses in the

tool does not depend on this data. The purpose of the data in this screen is to document the basic site and

project data. The data in this screen is actually optional, but highly recommended to properly document the

audit. None of the data in this screen will affect the energy analysis.

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AUDIT PLANNING-PROJECT DETAILS SCREEN

The purpose of the business case screen is to help the auditor and client determine how much impact energy has on

operating costs. This screen is a tool only and should be used by the auditor to help understand the strategic context of

energy (importance of energy) in the organization. This will help the auditor and customer in the discussion about the object

of the audit and to identify the level of emphasis that should be put on “non-energy” benefits of energy efficiency (e.g.

improved production quality, increased production reliability, environmental sustainability, health and human safety, etc. If

energy expenditure is more than 10%, then energy savings is probably very important. If energy expenditure is less than 5%

then energy expenditure is probably no a significant concern. The information helps the auditor to understand strategies for

development of energy efficiency measures. If there is low interest in saving energy then other rationale must be found for

justifying projects. This screen is only a stand alone tool for informaing retrofit strategy and does not affect the energy

analysis.

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AUDIT PLANNING – CLIENT INTERVIEW QUESTIONS

The purpose of this screen EA-3 is to provide a form to help the auditor with further engaging the clients about how the

organization manages energy and what the strategic business context of energy is in the company. This screen should be

printed out and taken with the auditor during initial discussions about planning an energy audit with the client. These questions

can be used again when speaking with other people involved with energy at the company as well even after a formal

agreement for performing an energy audit has been signed.

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AUDIT PLANNING – EVALUATION OF CLIENT ENERGY MANAGEMENT

The purpose of screen EA-3 is to provide the auditor with a tool to objectively score energy management

practices at an organization. The tool has a series of criteria for which the auditor can select a weight. This

tool is stand alone and input into this screen does not affect the energy analysis on other screens.

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AUDIT PLANNING – CAPITAL PLANNING EVALUATION SCREEN

Screen EA-5 is a form which can be used by the auditor to document the client’s energy related capital

planning. Capital planning is an indication of the clients higher level investment planning It is important to

understand capital planning so that the auditor can propose measures that fit within the greater factility

development strategy and add value to planned facility changes.

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AUDIT PLANNING - OUTPUTS

The outcome of step 1 of the energy audit process should be an

agreement with the client regarding the scope and goals of the energy

audit. Ideally, the client and auditor should develop and agree upon a

terms of reference for the audit. The audit tool provides some guidance

and tools for the auditor to explore the organization’s requirements,

identification of goals (including investment criteria), and the scope for

the energy audit. The forms and tools under the Energy Audit Planning

tab are design to assist the auditor in the process. The next step of the

audit process is to have an official kick off meeting for the energy audit

itself and to begin initial data collection tasks.

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OPENING MEETING / DATA COLLECTION

ISO 50002 – STEP 2/3

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OPENING MEETING & AUDIT PLANNING

(ISO 50002 STEP 2/3)

Step 2 of the ISO 50002 audit process is the official start of “kick-

off” of the energy audit. The kick off process should be an

opportunity for the auditor to submit an initial data collection

request to the client.

The EA tool provides several data collection forms (OM-1 to OM-

5), a utility data collection screen, and a tool for analyzing the

relationship between energy use and other key variables (OM-7).

Forms OM-1 to OM-5 should be printed out by the auditor and

used as a template to guide data collection. The data in forms OM-

1, OM-3, OM-4, and OM-5 will be used to fill out data entry screens

in the Site Survey section of the EA tool (SS-1 to SS-12) survey

screens.

The utility data screen (OM-6) is where all utility data is entered

into the tool. This data is linked to the energy balance analysis

screen (AN-7) and critical for developing the energy balance. It is

mandatory. to complete.

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OPENING MEETING / DATA COLLECTION – WORK PLAN SCREEN (OM-1)

The purpose of screen OM-1is to provide a form to guide the auditor in developing the scope and work plan

for the energy audit. The scope should have been developed between the client and auditor in Step 1. This

form provides a template to document audit sub-tasks and indicate the time frame. This screen is stand alone

and is only for the purposes of audit planning. It is optional to fill out although good practice.

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OPENING MEETING / DATA COLLECTION – O&M RECORD FORM SCREEN (OM-2)

The purpose of screen OM-2 is to guide the energy auditor in recording the existing operations and

maintenance issues and historical O&M works. This will help the auditor and client plan the audit and

focus on the most strategic operational areas. This screen is stand alone and is only provided to guide the

auditor to explore current O&M that affect energy use.

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OPENING MEETING / DATA COLLECTION – MONTHLY SCHEDULE FORM SCREEN

The purpose of this screen is to provide the auditor a form to record typical daily operating schedules for

each month. This screen is provided to guide the auditor in collecting data about the facility schedule. This

is a stand alone screen and does not link to any analysis screens. Filling out data fields in this form is

optional.

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OPENING MEETING / DATA COLLECTION – DAILY OPERATING PROFILE SCREEN

The purpose of this screen is to provide the auditor a form to record daily operating profiles of the facility for indicated

periods. The profiles should be defined by schedule, which typically associated with a piece of equipment, area of a building,

etc. The data fields in this form do not link to any other screens. Completing the data fields in this form is optional. The

auditor will use the data collected for the fomr in screen OM-4 to complete the data required for screen SS-2.

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OPENING MEETING / DATA COLLECTION – O&M RECORD FORM SCREEN

The purpose of screen OM-5 is to guide the energy auditor in collected zone data. This form should be printed out and taken

to the initial audit kick off meeting and to subsequent site data collection visits. A zone is typically the delineation of specific

energy sub-system boundaries. For example, a particular room in a building, the central plant, a production line, etc. Screen

OM-5 is stand alone and does not link to any other screens. It is only provided to assist the auditor in organizing data

collection. Data collected for zones is used in screens SS-1 to SS-12.

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OPENING MEETING / DATA COLLECTION – UTILITY DATA ENTRY SCREEN

Screen OM-6 is a critical data entry screen. The data used to fill in the fields in screen OM-6 is the utility data provided by the

clients – typically in the form of a utility bill. Screen OM-6 has a series of navigation buttons at the top to access the individual

utility data entry sections on the sheet. This energy summary screen at the top is populated by utility entry fields below. The

data in this screen IS NOT optional and is critical to the energy analysis. This data is primarily used as input for the “Weather

and Variables” screen (OM-7) and the Energy Balance screen (AN-7).

The blended utility rate is simply the total utility cost divided by the total energy use. This rate should only be used for

initial savings estimates.

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OPENING MEETING / DATA COLLECTION – UTILITY DATA ENTRY SCREEN

If the button for an individual utility is pressed (electricity in the example below), the portion of the sheet that has the

electricity data entry section will be shown. This part of the screen is editable and should be used to enter the utility data.

Fields are provided for billed and metered energy. In the cost section, there are fields for various utility bill charges. All

charge components should be entered as appropriate. For the tool to function correctly, minimally, the metered energy and

all the utility bills charges should be entered.

Graphs to assist in analyzing usage patterns.

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OPENING MEETING – WEATHER DATA INPUT

This screen is used to enter weather data for the site. There are two types of weather,

“design weather” and “historical weather”. This screen is only provided for data storage

purposes and correlation studies.

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OPENING MEETING– WEATHER DATA INPUT

The design weather data is used to predict energy

savings. It is based on a statistical set of data

published by the local weather service or a number

of other providers.

The base year weather should correspond to the

selected base period. This is the actual recorded

weather data that corresponds to the base period.

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OPENING MEETING – INDEPENDENT VARIABLES INPUT

The tool has the functionality for the auditor to enter key independent

variables. This independent variable will be used to study correlation

with utility. Correlation studies help the auditor explore what is driving

energy use using statistical techniques.

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Like weather, there may be other key independent

variables that are important to the auditor in

analyzing the factors that drive energy

consumption:

- Production volume

- Patients in a hospital

- Guests in a hotel

- etc.

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The tool allows the auditor to analyze energy use

vs weather and key independent varables using

regression analysis:

Plot of energy vs independent variables and

trend line showing correlation.

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OPENING MEETING – WEATHER AND VARIABLES

Screen OM-7 is a tool to document weather data and analyze the correlation between energy use and

independent variables such as weather, production and occupancy. The first part of the screen is for entering

the design weather data and actual weather data which corresponds to the actual utility bills for the facility.

This screen is stand alone and entry of data is OPTIONAL and will not affect the energy analysis.

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Screen OM-7 has a section for the user to fill in design weather data. Design weather

data is the average data for a location taken over 20 years. There is also a weather

data section for the actual weather data. This should be the actual weather data that

corresponds to the base period being examined. The base year climate data table

also has a field for a “key variable”. Minimally, to use the tools below in this screen for

correlation studies, the cooling degree days and key variable must be entered in the

Base Year Climate Data table.

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Screen OM-7 also provide a regression tool to help the auditor test the correlation between a energy use

associated with a particular utility and a selected independent or “key” variable. The energy data for each utility

is filled from the utility data screen (OM-6). The key variable is filled from the first part of the screen in the

weather data sections. In the weather data section under the base year climate data table there is a column to

fill in the value of an independent variable. It is critical to enter the key independent variable and Cooling

degree days so that the correlation data can be generated below.

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Shown to the right is the two

correlation graphs that will be

generated when the energy data,

weather data, and key variable value

is entered. The correlation graphs will

help the auditor determine what key

variable the energy use pattern is

correlated. In a typical office buidling,

this would be weather (represented

by cooling degree days. However, in

a factory, this would be represented

by production or some other

production variable. In a hotel, the

key variable might be guest

occupancy.

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MEASUREMENT PLANNING

ISO 50002 STEP 4

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MEASUREMENT PLANNING – MEASUREMENT PLANNING FORM

This first screen in the Measurement Plan step of the ISO process is to

guide the auditor in planning the requirement measurements required

before going to the site. This form will assist in identifying equipment

required and site coordination requirements.

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MEASUREMENT PLANNING – AUDIT EQUIPMENT LIST FORM

This form in the measurement planning is to help the auditor and their

organization manage audit equipment assets. It is important to understand

which equipment is at which site (deployed) and a particular location so that

equipment will not be lost and equipment / data is harvested at appropriate

times.

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MEASUREMENT PLANNING – MEASUREMENT PLANNING FORM

This screen in the measurement planning step is to assist the auditor in on

site coordination with appropriate contact in particular areas of the facility

where the audit will take place. It is mean as a reminder for on site

interviews.

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SITE SURVEY – ISO 50002 STEP 5

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SITE SURVEY – ZONE DESCRIPTIONS

The purpose of this screen is to define all the zones for a facility. Zones can correspond to a

boundary to associate equipment to. For a building, defining the area of the zone is important.

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SITE SURVEY – SCHEDULE INPUT SCREEN

The scheduling screen is a key part of the analysis input. Schedules are defined on

the basis of day profiles, month day profiles, and intensity factors for daily and the

monthly schedule profiles.

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The daily operating profiles are defined for weekdays, weekends, and holidays on a 24 hour

basis. The daily operating profile for weekdays are where schedules are initially defined for each

piece of equipment. Minimally, the schedule name must be entered. Access the appropriate day profile and then define the schedule on a 24 hour basis

Define each schedule here.

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The tool can accommodate setbacks for particular schedules. This is to accommodate

a decrease in operating intensity, like a VSD driven fan, which is determined by a

particular operating mode of the equipment.

Access the setback schedule here. Setback is to accommodate strategies

where equipment is operating at a lower loading point due to some occupancy or

production related variable.

Enter the setback for each hour in terms of

o% to 100% of full load for each hour for the defined schedule

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The monthly Hour profiles define how many weekend days, weekdays, and holiday –

days are in a particular month.

Enter the loading factors here. This can be defined by weather intensity

or operating intensity based on some other independent variable

Access the monthly load factors here. The monthly load factors will help determine (0%-

100%) on average, how much a piece of equipment is loaded.

The cooling degree days are entered in the weather and variables schree.

The cooling degree days and independent variables are entered in the weather and

variables screen.

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The monthly Hour profiles define how many weekend days, weekdays, and holiday –

days are in a particular month.

Define the number of days in a month here for each category

(weekend, holiday, etc)

Access the month day profile here

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SITE SURVEY – EQUIVALENT MONTHLY HOURS

The equivalent monthly hours will show, after all schedule, setback, and monthly

intensity factors are entered, what the equivalent monthly hours are.

Access the equivalent monthly

hours here

Shows the equivalent monthly

hours.

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SITE SURVEY – EQUIPMENT SURVEY SCREENS

There is an equipment survey screen defined for several categories of equipment.

This is used for the analysis. This is not a form. There are a total of 7 categories for

equipment that can be entered. including the

“catch all” general category.

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ANALYSIS – ISO STEP 6

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ANALYSIS SCREENS

The site survey data automatically populates the survey portion of the analysis

screen. For each piece of equipment, the auditor can then enter a corresponding

new piece of equipment with new schedule if desired. This represents the retrofit.

Retrofit table entry.

Survey table entry auto populated.

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ANALYSIS SCREENS

After entering the post retrofit equipment retrofit, the tool calculates the

energy and demand savings.

Savings for each retrofit scenario.

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ANALYSIS – ENERGY BALANCE CHECK

Energy use by category summarized first. This

information comes from each equipment analysis

screen

Energy use by utility is summarized here. This

should be close (+/- 10%) the energy use by

category.

Pie graph of energy use by end use category

displayed here.

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SURVEY SUMMARY

This screen summarizes all survey data entered by the auditor showing pre-

retrofit energy consumption.

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RETROFIT SUMMARY

This screen summarizes the retrofits entered by the auditor with a summary of

energy savings and cost savings.

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REPORTING - ISO 5002 STEP 7

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REPORTING

The tool provides for an energy audit summary template. This summary report

template can be filled in with text, but the main purpose is to guide the energy auditor

in developing an outline for a longer audit report.

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