energy and chemical changes powerpoint spm
TRANSCRIPT
-
7/29/2019 Energy and Chemical Changes Powerpoint SPM
1/178
5.1 Understanding physical and chemical changes
Student will be able to :
explain what physical change is,explain what chemical change is,
give examples of physical changes in daily life,
give examples of chemical changes in daily life,Compare and contrast physical changes and
chemical changes.
1
-
7/29/2019 Energy and Chemical Changes Powerpoint SPM
2/178
ENERGY CHANGES
CHEMICAL CHANGESPHYSICAL CHANGES
2
http://g/PPK%202009%20EDITED%20Sains%20Teras%20Men%20Atas/CHEMICAL%20CHANGES.ppthttp://g/PPK%202009%20EDITED%20Sains%20Teras%20Men%20Atas/CHEMICAL%20CHANGES.ppt -
7/29/2019 Energy and Chemical Changes Powerpoint SPM
3/178
EXAMPLE 1REVIEW 1
EXAMPLE 2
REVIEW 2
EXAMPLE 3
REVIEW 3
3
-
7/29/2019 Energy and Chemical Changes Powerpoint SPM
4/178
ENERGY CHANGES
EXOTHERMICREACTION
CHEMICAL CHANGES
ENDOTHERMICREACTION
PHYSICAL CHANGES
4
http://g/PPK%202009%20EDITED%20Sains%20Teras%20Men%20Atas/CHEMICAL%20CHANGES.ppthttp://g/PPK%202009%20EDITED%20Sains%20Teras%20Men%20Atas/CHEMICAL%20CHANGES.ppthttp://g/PPK%202009%20EDITED%20Sains%20Teras%20Men%20Atas/CHEMICAL%20CHANGES.ppthttp://g/PPK%202009%20EDITED%20Sains%20Teras%20Men%20Atas/CHEMICAL%20CHANGES.ppt -
7/29/2019 Energy and Chemical Changes Powerpoint SPM
5/178
Chemical Change Physical change
Similarities
Substances can undergo changes ..............................
Differences
New substances formed
Change in chemical composition
Reversibility
Energy needed
SIMILARITIES AND DIFFERENCES BETWEEN CHEMICALS
AND PHYSICAL CHANGES
physica l ly
Less
Yes
Yes
More
No
Easy
No
Dif f icul t
5
-
7/29/2019 Energy and Chemical Changes Powerpoint SPM
6/178
6
-
7/29/2019 Energy and Chemical Changes Powerpoint SPM
7/178
THE END
7
-
7/29/2019 Energy and Chemical Changes Powerpoint SPM
8/178
A physical change is a change whichdoes not produce a new substance. Only the
physical state of the substance has
changed.
BACK
8
-
7/29/2019 Energy and Chemical Changes Powerpoint SPM
9/178
A chemical change is a changewhich produces a new substance. The new
substance has chemical properties and
composition different from the originalsubstance.
BACK
9
-
7/29/2019 Energy and Chemical Changes Powerpoint SPM
10/178
Iodine crystal
Ice cube
Iodine crystal
is heated, it
changes fromsolid to gas
Watch glass
10
-
7/29/2019 Energy and Chemical Changes Powerpoint SPM
11/178
Iodine crystalpurple vapour(Iodine vapour)
Ice cube
Watch glass
11
-
7/29/2019 Energy and Chemical Changes Powerpoint SPM
12/178
Iodine crystal
Ice cube
Watch glass
12
-
7/29/2019 Energy and Chemical Changes Powerpoint SPM
13/178
Iodine crystal
Ice cube
Watch glass
13
-
7/29/2019 Energy and Chemical Changes Powerpoint SPM
14/178
Iodine crystal
purple vapour(Iodine vapour)
Ice cube
Watch glass
14
-
7/29/2019 Energy and Chemical Changes Powerpoint SPM
15/178
Iodine crystal
Ice cube
Watch glass
15
-
7/29/2019 Energy and Chemical Changes Powerpoint SPM
16/178
Iodine crystal
Ice cube
Watch glass
16
-
7/29/2019 Energy and Chemical Changes Powerpoint SPM
17/178
Iodine crystal
Ice cube
Watch glass
17
-
7/29/2019 Energy and Chemical Changes Powerpoint SPM
18/178
Iodine crystal
purple vapour(Iodine vapour)
Ice cube
Watch glass
18
-
7/29/2019 Energy and Chemical Changes Powerpoint SPM
19/178
Iodine crystal
Black crystal
Ice cube
Watch glass
19
-
7/29/2019 Energy and Chemical Changes Powerpoint SPM
20/178
Iodine crystal
Black crystal
Ice cube
Watch glass
20
-
7/29/2019 Energy and Chemical Changes Powerpoint SPM
21/178
Black crystal
Ice cube
Watch glass
21
-
7/29/2019 Energy and Chemical Changes Powerpoint SPM
22/178
Black crystal
Ice cube
Watch glass
22
-
7/29/2019 Energy and Chemical Changes Powerpoint SPM
23/178
Black crystal
Ice cube
Watch glass
23
-
7/29/2019 Energy and Chemical Changes Powerpoint SPM
24/178
Black crystal
(iodine)Iodine vapour
Ice cube
Watch glass
BACK
24
http://g/PPK%202009%20EDITED%20Sains%20Teras%20Men%20Atas/CHEMICAL%20CHANGES.ppt -
7/29/2019 Energy and Chemical Changes Powerpoint SPM
25/178
When the .. is heated, purple
is formed.
Iodine changes from .to without
going through the .. state (sublimation).
When the iodine vapour the cold
.. of the watch glass, the vapour changesback into .. state (black crystal).
Solid . forms on the lower surface
of the watch glass.
The change of solid iodine into iodine vapour is
..
This is a .change.
iodine vapour
solid gasliquid
touches
surface solid
iodine
reversible
physicalBACK
25
http://g/PPK%202009%20EDITED%20Sains%20Teras%20Men%20Atas/CHEMICAL%20CHANGES.ppthttp://g/PPK%202009%20EDITED%20Sains%20Teras%20Men%20Atas/CHEMICAL%20CHANGES.ppt -
7/29/2019 Energy and Chemical Changes Powerpoint SPM
26/178
ICE CUBE
BACK
26
http://g/PPK%202009%20EDITED%20Sains%20Teras%20Men%20Atas/CHEMICAL%20CHANGES.ppt -
7/29/2019 Energy and Chemical Changes Powerpoint SPM
27/178
Water and ................ have the ...................... particles.
The differences between water and ice are in terms of the
...............................and ......................... of the particles.
Ice can easily ................... into .................. when it is
.......................
Is this a reversible process ? ........................
Is energy absorbed or released ? ...........................
Is new product formed ? .....................
ice same
arrangement movement
change
Absorbed
heated
water
Yes
No
BACK
27
http://g/PPK%202009%20EDITED%20Sains%20Teras%20Men%20Atas/CHEMICAL%20CHANGES.ppt -
7/29/2019 Energy and Chemical Changes Powerpoint SPM
28/178
Back28
http://g/PPK%202009%20EDITED%20Sains%20Teras%20Men%20Atas/CHEMICAL%20CHANGES.ppthttp://g/PPK%202009%20EDITED%20Sains%20Teras%20Men%20Atas/CHEMICAL%20CHANGES.ppthttp://g/PPK%202009%20EDITED%20Sains%20Teras%20Men%20Atas/CHEMICAL%20CHANGES.ppt -
7/29/2019 Energy and Chemical Changes Powerpoint SPM
29/178
The magnesium .................... burns with a ............... flame and
forms .............. ash.
During the process:- ..................... and .................... are given off.
- Magnesium combines with ...................in the air to
form ......................
- .................................. is different from
..................................,
Is this a reversible process ?........................
Is energy absorbed or released ? ...........................
Is new product formed ? .....................
r ibbon
heat
whi te
br igh t
l ight
oxygen
magnes ium oxide
magnes ium oxide
magnesium
magnes ium oxide
No
Yes
Magnesium + oxygen . (white ash )
(grey metal)
Released
BACK
29
http://g/PPK%202009%20EDITED%20Sains%20Teras%20Men%20Atas/CHEMICAL%20CHANGES.ppt -
7/29/2019 Energy and Chemical Changes Powerpoint SPM
30/178
Iron nails ........................... when ........................ and .........................
are present.
Rusts is a ................. substance that consists of................................
Is this reversible process ? .....................
Is energy absorbed or released ? ...........................
Is new product formed ?.....................
................... + Oxygen + .................... ............................. (Rust)
rust oxyg en water
brown i ron ox ide
Iron Water Iron ox ide
No
Absorbed
Yes
BACK
30
http://g/PPK%202009%20EDITED%20Sains%20Teras%20Men%20Atas/CHEMICAL%20CHANGES.ppt -
7/29/2019 Energy and Chemical Changes Powerpoint SPM
31/178
An endothermic reaction is a reaction
which absorbs heat energy from the
surroundings.
BACK
31
http://g/PPK%202009%20EDITED%20Sains%20Teras%20Men%20Atas/CHEMICAL%20CHANGES.ppt -
7/29/2019 Energy and Chemical Changes Powerpoint SPM
32/178
An exothermic reaction is a reaction which
releases heat energyto the surroundings.
BACK
32
http://g/PPK%202009%20EDITED%20Sains%20Teras%20Men%20Atas/CHEMICAL%20CHANGES.ppt -
7/29/2019 Energy and Chemical Changes Powerpoint SPM
33/178
33
-
7/29/2019 Energy and Chemical Changes Powerpoint SPM
34/178
34
-
7/29/2019 Energy and Chemical Changes Powerpoint SPM
35/178
35
-
7/29/2019 Energy and Chemical Changes Powerpoint SPM
36/178
36
-
7/29/2019 Energy and Chemical Changes Powerpoint SPM
37/178
5.2 Analysing heat change in chemical reactions
Student will be able to :
State that chemical reactions involve heat change,
Identify reactions involving heat lost,Identify reactions involving heat gain,
Relate changes in temperature of reactants toexothermic reactions,
Relate changes in temperature of reactants toendothermic reactions,
Explain through examples heat changes that occurduring industrial chemical reaction.
37
-
7/29/2019 Energy and Chemical Changes Powerpoint SPM
38/178
You are given ammonium chloride and sodium hydroxide as the
chemical substances.
Heat is absorbed or released during a chemical reaction
a. Based on the above statement, write a suitable hypothesis.
(1 mark)
b. Describe an experiment that you can carry out in the laboratory toprove this hypothesis.
Your description should contain the following:
i. Aim of the experiment (1 mark)
ii. Identify the variables (2 marks)
iii. List of apparatus and materials (1 mark)
iv. Method (4 marks)
v. Tabulation of data (1 mark) 38
-
7/29/2019 Energy and Chemical Changes Powerpoint SPM
39/178
STATEMENT
WHAT I WANT TO CHANGE
MVWHAT IS FIXED
CVWHAT I SHOULD MEASURE
RV
WHEN I CHANGE, WHAT WILL HAPPEN TO WHAT I MEASURE (HYPOTHESIS)
WHY I DO (AIM)To study ..
METHOD I USE .PROCEDURE
DATA THAT I WANT TO COLLECT (TABULATION OF DATA)
WHAT I CHANGE WHAT I MEASURE
WHAT APPARATUS& MATERIALS ?
1
2 3
4
5
67
8
9
Diagram
39
-
7/29/2019 Energy and Chemical Changes Powerpoint SPM
40/178
Heat is absorbed or released during a chemical reaction
WHAT I WANT TO CHANGE
MVWHAT IS FIXED
CVWHAT I SHOULD MEASURE
RV
WHEN I CHANGE, WHAT WILL HAPPEN TO WHAT I MEASURE (HYPOTHESIS)
WHY I DO (AIM)To study ..
METHOD I USE .PROCEDURE
DATA THAT I WANT TO COLLECT (TABULATION OF DATA)
WHAT I CHANGE WHAT I MEASURE
WHAT APPARATUS& MATERIALS ?
1
2 3
4
5
67
8
9
Diagram
40
WHY I DO (AIM)5
-
7/29/2019 Energy and Chemical Changes Powerpoint SPM
41/178
Heat is absorbed or released during a chemical reaction
TYPE OF SUBSTANCE
MVWHAT IS FIXED
CVWHAT I SHOULD MEASURE
RV
WHEN I CHANGE, WHAT WILL HAPPEN TO WHAT I MEASURE (HYPOTHESIS)
WHY I DO (AIM)To study ..
METHOD I USE .PROCEDURE
DATA THAT I WANT TO COLLECT (TABULATION OF DATA)
WHAT I CHANGE WHAT I MEASURE
WHAT APPARATUS& MATERIALS ?
1
2 3
4
5
67
8
9
Diagram
41
WHY I DO (AIM)5
-
7/29/2019 Energy and Chemical Changes Powerpoint SPM
42/178
Heat is absorbed or released during a chemical reaction
TYPE OF SUBSTANCEMV
WHAT IS FIXED
CVFinal Temperature
RV
WHEN I CHANGE, WHAT WILL HAPPEN TO WHAT I MEASURE (HYPOTHESIS)
WHY I DO (AIM)To study ..
METHOD I USE .PROCEDURE
DATA THAT I WANT TO COLLECT (TABULATION OF DATA)
WHAT I CHANGE WHAT I MEASURE
WHAT APPARATUS& MATERIALS ?
1
2 3
4
5
67
8
9
Diagram
42
WHY I DO (AIM)5
-
7/29/2019 Energy and Chemical Changes Powerpoint SPM
43/178
Heat is absorbed or released during a chemical reaction
TYPE OF SUBSTANCEMV
WHAT IS FIXED
CVFinal Temperature
RV
Heat is absorbed or released during a chemical reaction.
WHY I DO (AIM)To study ..
METHOD I USE .PROCEDURE
DATA THAT I WANT TO COLLECT (TABULATION OF DATA)
WHAT I CHANGE WHAT I MEASURE
WHAT APPARATUS& MATERIALS
1
2 3
4
5
67
8
9
Diagram
43
5
-
7/29/2019 Energy and Chemical Changes Powerpoint SPM
44/178
Heat is absorbed or released during a chemical reaction
TYPE OF SUBSTANCEMV
WHAT IS FIXED
CVFinal Temperature
RV
Heat is absorbed or released during a chemical reaction.
To study that heat is absorbed or released during chemical reaction
METHOD I USE .PROCEDURE
DATA THAT I WANT TO COLLECT (TABULATION OF DATA)
WHAT I CHANGE WHAT I MEASURE
WHAT APPARATUS& MATERIALS
1
2 3
4
5
67
8
9
Diagram
44
-
7/29/2019 Energy and Chemical Changes Powerpoint SPM
45/178
45
5
-
7/29/2019 Energy and Chemical Changes Powerpoint SPM
46/178
Heat is absorbed or released during a chemical reaction
TYPE OF SUBSTANCEMV
WHAT IS FIXED
CVFinal Temperature
RV
Heat is absorbed or released during a chemical reaction.
To study that heat is absorbed or released during chemical reaction
1. Pour 10 ml of distilled water into each test tube A, B & C
and record the initial temperature.
2. Add a spatula of ammonium chloride into test tube B and stir .
3. Add a spatula of sodium hydroxide into test tube C and stir.
4. Maintain test tube A as a control.
5. Record the final temperature in a table.
DATA THAT I WANT TO COLLECT (TABULATION OF DATA)
WHAT I CHANGE WHAT I MEASURE
WHAT APPARATUS& MATERIALS ?
1
2 3
4
5
6
7
8
9
Diagram
46
5
-
7/29/2019 Energy and Chemical Changes Powerpoint SPM
47/178
Heat is absorbed or released during a chemical reaction
TYPE OF SUBSTANCEMV
WHAT IS FIXED
CVFinal Temperature
RV
Heat is absorbed or released during a chemical reaction.
To study that heat is absorbed or released during chemical reaction
1. Pour 10 ml of distilled water into each test tube A, B & C
and record the initial temperature.2. Add a spatula of ammonium chloride into test tube B and stir .
3. Add a spatula of sodium hydroxide into test tube C and stir.
4. Maintain test tube A as a control.5. Record the final temperature in a table.
DATA THAT I WANT TO COLLECT (TABULATION OF DATA)
WHAT I CHANGE WHAT I MEASURE
test tube,thermometer, spatula,
Ammonium chloride,Sodium hydroxide &
Distilled water
1
2 3
4
5
67
8
9
Diagram
47
5
-
7/29/2019 Energy and Chemical Changes Powerpoint SPM
48/178
Heat is absorbed or released during a chemical reaction
TYPE OF SUBSTANCEMV
WHAT IS FIXED
CVFinal Temperature
RV
Heat is absorbed or released during a chemical reaction.
To study that heat is absorbed or released during chemical reaction
.
1. Pour 10 ml of distilled water into each test tube A, B & C
and record the initial temperature.
2. Add a spatula of ammonium chloride into test tube B and stir .
3. Add a spatula of sodium hydroxide into test tube C and stir.
4. Maintain test tube A as a control.
5. Record the final temperature in a table.
DATA THAT I WANT COLLECT (TABULATION OF DATA)
WHAT I CHANGE WHAT I MEASURE
test tube,
thermometer, spatula,Ammonium chloride,
Sodium hydroxide &
distilled water
1
2 3
4
5
6
7
8
9
Diagram
Test tube Initial Temperature (oC) Final temperature (oC)AB
8 48
5
-
7/29/2019 Energy and Chemical Changes Powerpoint SPM
49/178
Heat is absorbed or released during a chemical reaction
TYPE OF SUBSTANCE
MVVolume of distilled water
CVFinal Temperature
RV
Heat is absorbed or released during a chemical reaction.
To study that heat is absorbed or released during chemical reaction
1. Pour 10 ml of distilled water into each test tube A, B & C
and record the initial temperature.
2. Add a spatula of ammonium chloride into test tube B and stir .
3. Add a spatula of sodium hydroxide into test tube C and stir.
4. Maintain test tube A as a control.
5. Record the final temperature in a table.
DATA THAT I WANT COLLECT (TABULATION OF DATA)
WHAT I CHANGE WHAT I MEASURE
test tube,
thermometer, spatula,
Ammonium chloride,Sodium hydroxide &
distilled water
1
2 3
4
5
6
7
8
9
Diagram
Test tube InitialTemperature (oC) Final temperature (oC)
A
BC
8 49
-
7/29/2019 Energy and Chemical Changes Powerpoint SPM
50/178
a. Hypothesis : Heat is absorbed or released during a chemicalreaction depends on type of substances used
b. i. Aim : To study that heat is absorbed or released during a
chemical reaction
ii. Variables :manipulated : type of substances
responding : Final temperature
constant : volume of distilled water//Initial temperature
iii. Apparatus & materials : test tube, spatula, thermometer,
ammonium chloride, sodium hydroxide and distilled water.
50
-
7/29/2019 Energy and Chemical Changes Powerpoint SPM
51/178
iv. Procedure :
1. Pour 10 ml of distilled water into each test tube A, B & C
and record the initial temperature.2. Add a spatula of ammonium chloride into test tube B and stir .
3. Add a spatula of sodium hydroxide into test tube C and stir.
4. Maintain test tube A as a control.
5. Record the final temperature in a table.
51
-
7/29/2019 Energy and Chemical Changes Powerpoint SPM
52/178
TABULATION OF DATA :
TEST TUBE INITIALTEMPERATURE (oC) FINALTEMPERATURE (oC)
A
B
C
52
-
7/29/2019 Energy and Chemical Changes Powerpoint SPM
53/178
53
-
7/29/2019 Energy and Chemical Changes Powerpoint SPM
54/178
54
-
7/29/2019 Energy and Chemical Changes Powerpoint SPM
55/178
55
Learning area:
-
7/29/2019 Energy and Chemical Changes Powerpoint SPM
56/178
Learning area:
5. Energy and chemical changes
Learning Objectives :
5.3 Synthesizing the reactivity series of metal
Learning Outcomes :
A student is able to :
Describe the reactivity of metals with water, diluteacid and oxygen
Compare and contrast the reactivity of metals with
water, acid and oxygen
Arrange metals in order of reactivity with water, acidand water
Identify the carbon in the reactivity series
Construct the reactivity series of metals based on
reactivity of metal with oxygen 56
A REACTIVITY OF METALS WITH
-
7/29/2019 Energy and Chemical Changes Powerpoint SPM
57/178
The reaction of metal with water will produce
hydrogen gas and alkali
A.REACTIVITY OF METALS WITH
WATER
57
-
7/29/2019 Energy and Chemical Changes Powerpoint SPM
58/178
Sodium and calcium (very active metal)
reacts very fast in cold water.
Magnesium, aluminium and zinc (less
active metal) reacts with hot water or
steam.
Non active metals such as gold and silver
do not react with either water or steam.
58
-
7/29/2019 Energy and Chemical Changes Powerpoint SPM
59/178
Chemical equations
Sodium + Water Sodium + hydrogen
hydroxide
Magnesium + Water Magnesium + hydrogen
oxide
For experiment : Refer to
Appendix 159
B. REACTIVITY OF METALS WITH
http://g/PPK%202009%20EDITED%20Sains%20Teras%20Men%20Atas/Appendix/Appendix-2.ppthttp://g/PPK%202009%20EDITED%20Sains%20Teras%20Men%20Atas/Appendix/Appendix-2.ppthttp://g/PPK%202009%20EDITED%20Sains%20Teras%20Men%20Atas/Appendix/Appendix-2.ppthttp://g/PPK%202009%20EDITED%20Sains%20Teras%20Men%20Atas/Appendix/Appendix-2.ppt -
7/29/2019 Energy and Chemical Changes Powerpoint SPM
60/178
DILUTE ACID Some metals react with dilute acid to produce
salt and hydrogen
General equation:
METAL + ACID SALT + HYDROGEN
Magnesium, aluminium and zinc react with dilute
acid
Copper, silver and gold do not react with dilute
acid
60
2 Type of salt produced
-
7/29/2019 Energy and Chemical Changes Powerpoint SPM
61/178
2.Type of salt produced
depends on the type of acid
used.
Examples:
Zinc + sulphuric acid zinc sulphate + hydrogen
Magnesium + sulphuric acid magnesium sulphate + hydrogen
Aluminium + sulphuric acid Aluminium sulphate + hydrogen
61
C REACTIVITY OF METALS WITH OXYGEN
-
7/29/2019 Energy and Chemical Changes Powerpoint SPM
62/178
C. REACTIVITY OF METALS WITH OXYGEN
When heated in ......................, most metals react with
.......................to form ...........................
General equation
The more reactive the metal, the ...........................
the flame produced.
Metal + Oxygen ...........................
air
oxygen metal oxide
br ighter
metal oxide
For experiment : Refer toAppendix 2 62
Th ti it f t l ith
http://g/PPK%202009%20EDITED%20Sains%20Teras%20Men%20Atas/Appendix/Appendix-2.ppthttp://g/PPK%202009%20EDITED%20Sains%20Teras%20Men%20Atas/Appendix/Appendix-2.ppthttp://g/PPK%202009%20EDITED%20Sains%20Teras%20Men%20Atas/Appendix/Appendix-2.ppthttp://g/PPK%202009%20EDITED%20Sains%20Teras%20Men%20Atas/Appendix/Appendix-2.ppt -
7/29/2019 Energy and Chemical Changes Powerpoint SPM
63/178
The reactivity of metals with oxygen
depends on the reactivity series
Metal + Oxygen Metal oxide
+ oxygen
Zinc
Iron
Zinc oxide+ metal
Iron oxide
For experiment :Refer to Appendix 3
63
S b l R ti it M t lReaction with Reaction with Reaction with Reaction with
http://g/PPK%202009%20EDITED%20Sains%20Teras%20Men%20Atas/Appendix/Appendix-3.ppthttp://g/PPK%202009%20EDITED%20Sains%20Teras%20Men%20Atas/Appendix/Appendix-3.ppthttp://g/PPK%202009%20EDITED%20Sains%20Teras%20Men%20Atas/Appendix/Appendix-3.ppthttp://g/PPK%202009%20EDITED%20Sains%20Teras%20Men%20Atas/Appendix/Appendix-3.ppt -
7/29/2019 Energy and Chemical Changes Powerpoint SPM
64/178
Symbol Reactivity MetalReaction with
water
Reaction with
steam
Reaction with
acid
Reaction with
oxygen
Most
ReactivePotassium Hydrogen
gas released
Metal
hydroxidesformed
Explosion Explosion
Violent
reaction
Burn brightly
forming oxidesSodium
Calcium
Magnesium No reaction Hydrogen gas
released
Metal oxides
formed
React fast
Hydrogen gas
released
Metal salts
formed
Aluminium No reaction Burn if strongly
heated
Zinc No reaction
Iron No reaction
Tin (Stanum) No reaction No reaction React slowly
Hydrogen gas
released
Metals do not
burn but oxide
layer formedLead No reaction No reaction
CopperNo reaction No reaction No reaction
Silver No reaction No reaction No reaction No reaction
Least
Reactive
Gold No reaction No reaction No reaction No reaction
Platinum No reaction No reaction No reaction No reaction
K
Na
Ca
Mg
A l
Zn
Fe
Sn
Pb
Cu
Ag
Au
Pt
64
-
7/29/2019 Energy and Chemical Changes Powerpoint SPM
65/178
Carbon and reactivity series
Metal compounds higher upin thereactivity series are morestable (noteasily decomposed by heat).
These metal compounds can only bedecomposed by electrolysis.
Example:
Decomposition of sodium chloride byelectrolysis.
65
-
7/29/2019 Energy and Chemical Changes Powerpoint SPM
66/178
Compounds of metals lower down in the
reactivity series are less stable and can be
decompose easily by heating.
These metal oxides can be reduced by
carbon (reducing agent) into metal and
carbon dioxide. Example:
Zinc oxide + Carbon Zinc +Carbondioxide
66
Symbol Reactivity Reaction of metal oxides with carbon
-
7/29/2019 Energy and Chemical Changes Powerpoint SPM
67/178
y y
Mg No reaction
Al No reaction
C
Zn Less active
Fe Active
Sn More active
Pb Most active
Least active
Most active
67
-
7/29/2019 Energy and Chemical Changes Powerpoint SPM
68/178
Energy andchemical changes
WaterOxygenAcid
Reactivityof metals
with
Reaction of metaloxides with carbon
Extraction of metal oresby carbon
and electrolysis
68
-
7/29/2019 Energy and Chemical Changes Powerpoint SPM
69/178
REVISION
Refer Appendix-4
My Experiment Sheet
69
http://g/PPK%202009%20EDITED%20Sains%20Teras%20Men%20Atas/Appendix/My-exp%20sheets.dochttp://g/PPK%202009%20EDITED%20Sains%20Teras%20Men%20Atas/Appendix/Appendix-4.ppt -
7/29/2019 Energy and Chemical Changes Powerpoint SPM
70/178
All the best!!!!!!!
70
http://g/BENGKEL%20KURIKULUM/Funny/Funny/f18vsf1.mpeg -
7/29/2019 Energy and Chemical Changes Powerpoint SPM
71/178
71
-
7/29/2019 Energy and Chemical Changes Powerpoint SPM
72/178
72
-
7/29/2019 Energy and Chemical Changes Powerpoint SPM
73/178
5.4 Applying the concepts
of the reactivity series
of metal
73
Learning Objectives :
-
7/29/2019 Energy and Chemical Changes Powerpoint SPM
74/178
Learning Objectives :
5.4 Applying the concepts of the reactivity series
of metal
Learning Outcomes :
A student is able to :
Relate the position of metals in the reactivity series tothe method of extraction of metals from their ores.
Explain with examples the process of extraction of a
metal from its ore using carbon.
State the importance of the reactivity series.
74
CONCEPTS OF REACTIVITY
-
7/29/2019 Energy and Chemical Changes Powerpoint SPM
75/178
SERIES A more reactive metal can take oxygen
from the oxide of other less reactive metal
to form the less reactive metal and the
oxide of the more reactive metal.
Example:Aluminium + iron oxide iron + aluminium oxide
Morereactivemetal
Oxide of lessreactive metal
Lessreactivemetal
Oxide of moreReactive metal
75
-
7/29/2019 Energy and Chemical Changes Powerpoint SPM
76/178
A more reactive non-metal (carbon)
also can take oxygen from the oxide of
other less reactive metal to form theless reactive metal and carbon dioxide.
Example:
Carbon + iron oxide iron + carbon dioxide
Morereactivenon-metal
Oxide oflessreactivemetal
Lessreactivemetal
76
Extraction of metals
-
7/29/2019 Energy and Chemical Changes Powerpoint SPM
77/178
Extraction of metalsMetal Extraction method
Potassium
Electrolysis
Sodium
Calcium
Magnesium
Aluminium
Carbon
Zinc
By heating the ore with carbon
in a furnace
Iron
Tin
LeadCopper Heating the ore alone
Mercury
Silver Exist in metal form
Gold 77
EXTRACTION OF TIN FROM TIN ORE (CASSITERITE)
-
7/29/2019 Energy and Chemical Changes Powerpoint SPM
78/178
1400oC
1000oC
400oC
200oC
Slag is used as
road surfaces
Sulphur + arsenic
Sulphur dioxide + arsenic oxide
Tin ore + carbon
Tin +Carbon dioxide
Blast furnace
Liquid tin is collected
at bottom of furnace
Hot air
limestone
78
-
7/29/2019 Energy and Chemical Changes Powerpoint SPM
79/178
All the best!!!!!!!
79
INSTRUCTION
http://g/BENGKEL%20KURIKULUM/Funny/Funny/f18vsf1.mpeg -
7/29/2019 Energy and Chemical Changes Powerpoint SPM
80/178
1 Teacher introduces the topic with the aid of Diagram 1.
2 Students find the definition of every terminology involved
with the aid of guided worksheet 1.
3 Teacher explains one example of electrolysis of molten
lead(II) bromide. (Refer slide 5)
4 Based on the example above, students try out electrolysis of
molten copper(II)chloride.(Refer slide 6)
5 Students in each group collect and gather information aboutthe uses of electrolysis by using text book or reference book.
(Refer slide 8 13)
6 Teacher facilitates students and discusses answers.
7 Students are tested verbally on the learning outcomes.(Refer slide14-19)
8 Students in each group develop a mind map, starts with the
main ideas of electrolysis. (Refer slide 20)
9 At the end of the lesson, students do the self test.
(Refer slide 21 -23)80
-
7/29/2019 Energy and Chemical Changes Powerpoint SPM
81/178
81
-
7/29/2019 Energy and Chemical Changes Powerpoint SPM
82/178
82
-
7/29/2019 Energy and Chemical Changes Powerpoint SPM
83/178
83
-
7/29/2019 Energy and Chemical Changes Powerpoint SPM
84/178
84
-
7/29/2019 Energy and Chemical Changes Powerpoint SPM
85/178
5.5. UNDERSTANDING
ELECTROLYSIS
85
-
7/29/2019 Energy and Chemical Changes Powerpoint SPM
86/178
1 State what electrolysis is
2 State what anode, cathode, anion, cation and
electrolyte are
3 Describe the electrolysis of an electrolyteusing carbon electrodes
4 Explain the uses of electrolysis in industry
5.5. UNDERSTANDING ELECTROLYSIS
86
5.5 ELECTROLYSIS
-
7/29/2019 Energy and Chemical Changes Powerpoint SPM
87/178
A
anion
CathodeAnode
Cation
Electrolyte
Rheostat
Ammeter
Switch
Diagram 1
87
Worksheet 1
-
7/29/2019 Energy and Chemical Changes Powerpoint SPM
88/178
Electrolysis
Electrolyte
Electrodes
Cathode
Anode
Cations
Anions
Process of .................................... of substance using .....................
Substance that ........................... when passes through.
Substance that allow electricity to.................. or ..................
an electrolyte.
The ............................... electrode
The ................................. electrode
.......................... charged ions
........................... charged ions
Meaning of Electrolysis
decomposition electricity
decomposes electricity
enter leave
negative
positive
negatively
positively
Electrical energy ?
88
The Experiment
-
7/29/2019 Energy and Chemical Changes Powerpoint SPM
89/178
The Experiment
Electrolysis of molten lead (II) bromide
Lead
Bromine
89
-
7/29/2019 Energy and Chemical Changes Powerpoint SPM
90/178
90
-
7/29/2019 Energy and Chemical Changes Powerpoint SPM
91/178
91
2. Electrolysis of molten lead (II) bromide
Anode Cathode
http://g/PPK%202009%20EDITED%20Sains%20Teras%20Men%20Atas/Makan%20Biskut.wmv -
7/29/2019 Energy and Chemical Changes Powerpoint SPM
92/178
Anode Cathode
The .............................. charged
..................... ions move to the anode
The .............................. charged
..................... ions move to thecathode
....................... ions release
.......................... to the anode and form
...............................molecules
................... ions receive
.........................from the cathode and
become ........................ atom.
............. ion + .............
................molecules
................. + electron
........atom
............. bromine atoms form one
bromine molecule
Lead metal is ............................. on
the ...................
negat ively
bromide
posi t ive ly
lead
Bromide
electrons
bromine
Lead
electrons
lead
Bromide
bromine
electron Lead ion
Lead
Two deposited
cathode
92
2. Electrolysis of molten copper (II) chloride
Anode Cathode
-
7/29/2019 Energy and Chemical Changes Powerpoint SPM
93/178
Anode Cathode
The .............................. charged
..................... ions move to the anode
The .............................. charged
..................... ions move to thecathode
....................... ions release
.......................... into the anode and
form ...............................molecules
................... ions receive
.........................from the cathode and
turn into ........................ atom.
............. ion + ..............
...............molecules
..................... + electron
............. atom
............. chlorine atoms form one
chlorine molecule
Copper metal is .............................
on the ...................
negat ively
chlor ide
posi t ive ly
copper
Chlor ide
electrons
chlor ine
Copper
electrons
copper
chlor ide
chlor ide
elect ron copp er ion
copper
Two deposited
cathode
93
-
7/29/2019 Energy and Chemical Changes Powerpoint SPM
94/178
94
USES OF ELECTROLYSIS IN INDUSTRY
http://d/CURRICULUM/PANITIA%20SAINS/STAF%20PROFESIONAL%20DEVELOPMENT/COURSE%20MATERIALS/PPKMANDARINKL/Funny/KatakRempit.mpg -
7/29/2019 Energy and Chemical Changes Powerpoint SPM
95/178
A. Electroplating
Objects made of iron .................. easily when exposed to air.
To ........................... iron objects from corrosion, they are
with a thin layer of non reactive metal such as copper.
The aims of electroplating are to make objects more .......................
and .................. to corrosion.
cor rode
prevent coated
attractive
resistant
Click for
experiment
95
The figure shows an iron spoon being
electroplated with copper.
http://g/PPK%202009%20EDITED%20Sains%20Teras%20Men%20Atas/Electroplating.flvhttp://g/PPK%202009%20EDITED%20Sains%20Teras%20Men%20Atas/Electroplating.flvhttp://g/PPK%202009%20EDITED%20Sains%20Teras%20Men%20Atas/Electroplating.flvhttp://g/PPK%202009%20EDITED%20Sains%20Teras%20Men%20Atas/Electroplating.flv -
7/29/2019 Energy and Chemical Changes Powerpoint SPM
96/178
A
p pp
i) An iron spoon is used as the ........................
ii) Copper is used as the ..............
iii) The electrolyte is a solution of ......................
compound
At the anode :
The copper dissolves forming
............................charged copper ions.
At the cathode:
The .................... ions receive electrons,
forming a coat of ...................... on iron spoon.
A rheostat is used to control the current flow in
the circuit so that a ..................... and steady
current is used. This is to ensure that the coating
is .......................... and ......................
Copper
as anod e
Iron spoo n
Copper sulph ate
so lu t ion
cathode
anode
copper
posi t ive ly
copper
copper
smal l
f i rm even
96
-
7/29/2019 Energy and Chemical Changes Powerpoint SPM
97/178
NON-REACTIVE METALS SUCH AS
COPPER , SILVER AND GOLD
ARE FOUND AS FREE ELEMENTS.
THESE METALS
CONTAIN IMPURITIES AND CAN BE
PURIFIED BY ELECTROLYSIS
97
THE IMPURE METAL IS THE ANODE
-
7/29/2019 Energy and Chemical Changes Powerpoint SPM
98/178
THE PURE METAL OF THE SAME TYPE IS
THE CATHODE
THE ELECTROLYTE IS THE METAL SALT SOLUTION
CONSISTING OF METALLIC IONS WHICH
IS TO BE PURIFIED
IN THE PURIFICATION OF COPPER;
The impure copper is used as anodeThe pure copper is used as cathode
The electrolyte is copper sulphate solution98
-
7/29/2019 Energy and Chemical Changes Powerpoint SPM
99/178
99
-
7/29/2019 Energy and Chemical Changes Powerpoint SPM
100/178
100
-
7/29/2019 Energy and Chemical Changes Powerpoint SPM
101/178
101
-
7/29/2019 Energy and Chemical Changes Powerpoint SPM
102/178
102
-
7/29/2019 Energy and Chemical Changes Powerpoint SPM
103/178
103
-
7/29/2019 Energy and Chemical Changes Powerpoint SPM
104/178
104
-
7/29/2019 Energy and Chemical Changes Powerpoint SPM
105/178
105
-
7/29/2019 Energy and Chemical Changes Powerpoint SPM
106/178
106
-
7/29/2019 Energy and Chemical Changes Powerpoint SPM
107/178
107
-
7/29/2019 Energy and Chemical Changes Powerpoint SPM
108/178
108
-
7/29/2019 Energy and Chemical Changes Powerpoint SPM
109/178
109
-
7/29/2019 Energy and Chemical Changes Powerpoint SPM
110/178
110
-
7/29/2019 Energy and Chemical Changes Powerpoint SPM
111/178
111
-
7/29/2019 Energy and Chemical Changes Powerpoint SPM
112/178
112
RELAX SESSION
http://g/PPK%202009%20EDITED%20Sains%20Teras%20Men%20Atas/Main.ppt -
7/29/2019 Energy and Chemical Changes Powerpoint SPM
113/178
RELAX SESSION
113
B. Extraction of metals
d b
-
7/29/2019 Energy and Chemical Changes Powerpoint SPM
114/178
Oxygen g ases
Molten
aluminium
anode carbon
Cathode
carbon
Baux ite +
cryol i te
114
At th th d
B. Extraction of metals
-
7/29/2019 Energy and Chemical Changes Powerpoint SPM
115/178
Electrolysis is a process to extract metals
such as sodium, ...................... and
aluminium which are more ....................
than carbon.
Aluminium is extracted through
electrolysis from molten
..............................
At the cathode
i) The positively charged .......................
ions are attracted to the cathode.
ii) Aluminium ions receive electrons
and become aluminium ......................
At the anode:
i) The negatively charged
..................... ions are attracted to the
anode.
ii) Oxide ions release electrons to
become ................... atoms
iii) The oxygen atom pairs together to form
............ gas
magnes ium
bauxi te
reactive
aluminium
atoms
ox ide
oxygen
oxygen
DIAGRAM
115
AC. Purification of metals
-
7/29/2019 Energy and Chemical Changes Powerpoint SPM
116/178
A
Mass of anode
.................. Mass of
cathode
.................Impuri t ies
decreases
increases
Copper
sulphate
so lu t ion
Anode(impu re copper)
Cathode
( Pure copper)
116
The diagram shows how electrolysis is used to purify copper
-
7/29/2019 Energy and Chemical Changes Powerpoint SPM
117/178
The anode is made of ..
The cathode is made of ..
The electrolyte used is ..
When electricity is passed through the electrolyte:
i) The copper anode dissolves to form . ions
ii) The positively charged copper ions are attracted to
the
iii) Copper ions receive electrons from the .
and form copper atoms which are deposited on the
iv) At the same time the settle to the bottom
impu re copp er
pure copper
copper sulphate solut ion
copper
cathode
cathode
cathode
impur i t ies
117
-
7/29/2019 Energy and Chemical Changes Powerpoint SPM
118/178
118
http://g/PPK%202009%20EDITED%20Sains%20Teras%20Men%20Atas/twisted_head.wmv -
7/29/2019 Energy and Chemical Changes Powerpoint SPM
119/178
DISCUSSION
119
-
7/29/2019 Energy and Chemical Changes Powerpoint SPM
120/178
120
-
7/29/2019 Energy and Chemical Changes Powerpoint SPM
121/178
121
-
7/29/2019 Energy and Chemical Changes Powerpoint SPM
122/178
122
**TASK 1
-
7/29/2019 Energy and Chemical Changes Powerpoint SPM
123/178
Label the diagram above. 123
**TASK 2
-
7/29/2019 Energy and Chemical Changes Powerpoint SPM
124/178
Choose the correct answer. 124
**TASK 3
-
7/29/2019 Energy and Chemical Changes Powerpoint SPM
125/178
DRAW YOUR OWN MIND MAP !!!
* MAIN IDEA:
USES OF ELECTROLYSIS125
ELECTROLYSIS is a process of breaking down chemical substances in aqueous
solution or molten state to its constituents by using ..
-
7/29/2019 Energy and Chemical Changes Powerpoint SPM
126/178
Electrical energy .......... energy
G .
EXAMPLE:
Aluminium ion + electrons Aluminium atom
Oxide ion Oxygen atom + electron
(At cathode):
(At anode): 126
(molten aluminium oxide)
ELECTROPLATING IRON NAIL WITH COPPER
-
7/29/2019 Energy and Chemical Changes Powerpoint SPM
127/178
Name of process : ..
Metal M: ...
Electrolyte,N: ..
ANODE: CATHODE: .
Metal becomes
..
Iron nail is coated
with ..layer.
**To obtain a good quality:
1. Dilute should be used.
2 Use .. electric current.
127
PURIFICATION OF COPPER**TASK 4
-
7/29/2019 Energy and Chemical Changes Powerpoint SPM
128/178
Name of process : ..
Electrolyte,P: ..
ANODE: CATHODE: .
Impure copper.. And
impurities are left at the base.
metal
is formed andbecomes ..
***The presence of impurities in copper will
. its electrical conductivity. Hence, copper
has to be . before it is used as a
conductor of electricity.
128
-
7/29/2019 Energy and Chemical Changes Powerpoint SPM
129/178
129
-
7/29/2019 Energy and Chemical Changes Powerpoint SPM
130/178
130
-
7/29/2019 Energy and Chemical Changes Powerpoint SPM
131/178
131
-
7/29/2019 Energy and Chemical Changes Powerpoint SPM
132/178
132
-
7/29/2019 Energy and Chemical Changes Powerpoint SPM
133/178
5.6 Understanding the production
of electrical energy from chemicalreactions
133
Learning Objectives
-
7/29/2019 Energy and Chemical Changes Powerpoint SPM
134/178
Learning Objectives
5.6 Understanding the production ofelectrical energy from chemical reactions.
Learning OutcomesA student is able to :
i) Describe how a simple cell works
ii) List the various types of cells and theiruses
iii) State the advantages of and
disadvantages of various types of cells
134
-
7/29/2019 Energy and Chemical Changes Powerpoint SPM
135/178
SIMPLE CELL
Electrochemical
cell 1
135
THE PRODUCTION OF ELECTRICAL ENERGY BY A
SIMPLE CELL
http://g/PPK%202009%20EDITED%20Sains%20Teras%20Men%20Atas/Link%20Folder/content%202/l70conp2.swfhttp://g/PPK%202009%20EDITED%20Sains%20Teras%20Men%20Atas/Link%20Folder/content%202/l70conp2.swfhttp://g/PPK%202009%20EDITED%20Sains%20Teras%20Men%20Atas/Link%20Folder/content%202/l70conp2.swfhttp://g/PPK%202009%20EDITED%20Sains%20Teras%20Men%20Atas/Link%20Folder/content%202/l70conp2.swf -
7/29/2019 Energy and Chemical Changes Powerpoint SPM
136/178
Zinc
plate
G
........................................................
................
........................Copper
plate
A simple cell consists of two
....................... and an...........................
Two electrodes made of two different
...............
The electrolyte can be a ..........................,
....................... or ...............................
The diagram shows a simple cell circuit.
In the cell,
i) .................... and copper plates are usedas .....................
ii) ................ is more reactive than copper
iii) The electrolyte used is ..............................
electrodes electrolyte
sal t solut ion
di lu te acid
metals
di lu te alkal i
Zinc
electrodes
Zinc
co pp er (II) su lph ate
so lu t ion
copper (II) sulph ate solu t ion
Cont 4
Cont 3
136
EXERCISE 1 In a simple cell, the more reactive metal acts as the
http://g/PPK%202009%20EDITED%20Sains%20Teras%20Men%20Atas/Link%20Folder/content%202/l70conp4.swfhttp://g/PPK%202009%20EDITED%20Sains%20Teras%20Men%20Atas/Link%20Folder/content%202/l70conp3.swfhttp://g/PPK%202009%20EDITED%20Sains%20Teras%20Men%20Atas/Link%20Folder/content%202/l70conp3.swfhttp://g/PPK%202009%20EDITED%20Sains%20Teras%20Men%20Atas/Link%20Folder/content%202/l70conp4.swf -
7/29/2019 Energy and Chemical Changes Powerpoint SPM
137/178
In a simple cell, the more reactive metal acts as the......................... terminal which gives out electron and theless reactive metals acts as the ...................... terminal.
In this process, the zinc plate is the ................... electrodeand the copper plate is the ...................... electrode.
The .................. from the zinc atoms flow to the copperelectrode through the connecting wire. Thus the ..................electrode dissolves in the electrolyte.
At the copper electrode , ........................ ion from the
electrolyte receives the electrons.
The flow of electron from ..................electrode to ...............electrode through the connecting wire deflect thegalvanometer. This proves that the process produces
energy
negat ive
posi t ive
zinc
electrons
hydrogen
posi t ivenegat ive
electr ical
posi t ive
negat ive
137
CELL AND THEIR USAGEType of cells Uses Advantages Disadvantages
Dry cells
Transistor radio Light Non-rechargeable
http://f/SAINS%20PPK%2008/5.6/Grandma.mpg -
7/29/2019 Energy and Chemical Changes Powerpoint SPM
138/178
Dry cells ..............................
...
..............................
....
..............................
.....
............................
............................
..............................
..............................
............................
............................
..............................
Wet cells ..............................
....
......................................
.....
......................................
......
......................................
......
............................
............................
..............................
..............................
Alkaline
batteries
..............................
....
.
......................................
...
......................................
...
......................................
...................................
..
Remote contro l
Alarm c lock
Smal l
Portable
Cheap
Not long last ing
Leakage may happen
Used in vehic les
Rechargeable
High vol tage
Long- last ing
Heavy
Expensive
Ac id might sp i l l
Dist i l led water need to
be addedRadios
Torchl ights
Toys
Large current
Long- last ing
Constant vol tage
Watches,
Calculators,
Hearing aids
Cameras
Non-rechargeable
Small , long-last ing
Portable
Steady v ol tage
Constant current
Non-rechargeable
Expensive
ExpensiveRechargeable
Long- last ing
Use in electronic
devices such as
d i i tal c amera
ADV 5
138
http://g/PPK%202009%20EDITED%20Sains%20Teras%20Men%20Atas/Link%20Folder/content%202/l70conp5.swfhttp://g/PPK%202009%20EDITED%20Sains%20Teras%20Men%20Atas/Link%20Folder/content%202/l70conp5.swfhttp://g/PPK%202009%20EDITED%20Sains%20Teras%20Men%20Atas/Link%20Folder/content%202/l70conp5.swf -
7/29/2019 Energy and Chemical Changes Powerpoint SPM
139/178
GOOD LUCK
139
http://g/PPK%202009%20EDITED%20Sains%20Teras%20Men%20Atas/Link%20Folder/TNB%20main.gif -
7/29/2019 Energy and Chemical Changes Powerpoint SPM
140/178
140
-
7/29/2019 Energy and Chemical Changes Powerpoint SPM
141/178
141
-
7/29/2019 Energy and Chemical Changes Powerpoint SPM
142/178
142
-
7/29/2019 Energy and Chemical Changes Powerpoint SPM
143/178
143
-
7/29/2019 Energy and Chemical Changes Powerpoint SPM
144/178
144
-
7/29/2019 Energy and Chemical Changes Powerpoint SPM
145/178
5.7 LIGHT AND
CHEMICALREACTIONS
CLICK
HERE145
LEARNING AREAENERGY AND CHEMICAL CHANGES
http://g/PPK%202009%20EDITED%20Sains%20Teras%20Men%20Atas/mouse.asfhttp://g/PPK%202009%20EDITED%20Sains%20Teras%20Men%20Atas/mouse.asfhttp://g/PPK%202009%20EDITED%20Sains%20Teras%20Men%20Atas/mouse.asfhttp://g/PPK%202009%20EDITED%20Sains%20Teras%20Men%20Atas/mouse.asfhttp://g/PPK%202009%20EDITED%20Sains%20Teras%20Men%20Atas/mouse.asf -
7/29/2019 Energy and Chemical Changes Powerpoint SPM
146/178
LEARNING OBJECTIVES1.7 Understanding chemical reactions that
occur in the presence of light
LEARNING OUTCOMESA student is able togive examples of chemical reactions which
require light,
explain the effect of light on photosensitive
chemicals,explain why certain chemicals are stored in
dark bottles.
146
INSTRUCTIONS:
1.Teacher distributes mahjung paper, marker
d W k h t 1
-
7/29/2019 Energy and Chemical Changes Powerpoint SPM
147/178
pen and Worksheet 1.
2.Teacher groups the students and asksthem to make a Mind Map. Then answer the
questions in Worksheet 1 (Time given : 30
minutes)
3.Teacher facilitates students in their work.4.Teacher will discuss the mind map the
students have done.
5.Teacher will use this power point and the
teaching courseware from PPK duringdiscussion.
147
MIND MAP
-
7/29/2019 Energy and Chemical Changes Powerpoint SPM
148/178
Light and ChemicalReactions
Chemical Changes Caused
by Light EnergyLight Energy and
Photographic Film
Storing Photosensitive
Chemicals
CLICK
HERE148
Examples of photosensitive chemicals
http://g/PPK%202009%20EDITED%20Sains%20Teras%20Men%20Atas/AWIMAWEB%201.wmvhttp://g/PPK%202009%20EDITED%20Sains%20Teras%20Men%20Atas/AWIMAWEB%201.wmvhttp://g/PPK%202009%20EDITED%20Sains%20Teras%20Men%20Atas/AWIMAWEB%201.wmvhttp://g/PPK%202009%20EDITED%20Sains%20Teras%20Men%20Atas/AWIMAWEB%201.wmv -
7/29/2019 Energy and Chemical Changes Powerpoint SPM
149/178
Examples of photosensitive chemicals
Silverbromide
Silverchloride
Hydrogenperoxide
149
Photosensitive Chemicals
Some chemicals are to light
sensi t ive
-
7/29/2019 Energy and Chemical Changes Powerpoint SPM
150/178
Some chemicals are .................. to light .
The chemicals will ................... when ........................ to light.
Examples of photosensitive chemicals are .................................... and
............................................
The chemicals cannot be .................. in a glass bottle.
Hydrogen peroxide .................. + ...........
In the presence of ......................... ,hydrogen peroxide ...................... into
..................... and ..............
Silver chloride ...................... + ...............
Silver chloride decomposes into ........................... and ..........................The chemicals are stored in an ..................... glass bottle.
sensi t ive
decompose exposed
hydrogen perox ide
si lver n i t rate
stored
water oxygen
l ight
si lver
decomposes
water oxygen
ch lor ine
si lver ch lor ine
opaque
150
Photosynthesis
Water and
m ineral salts
are abso rbed
Instructions : Students are asked to answer the questions inWorksheet 2 after discussion.
-
7/29/2019 Energy and Chemical Changes Powerpoint SPM
151/178
................................ + .................................. ............................ + .............................
During photosynthesis, ...................
(green pigment) absorbs ..........................
The energy is used to ............. the .
..................... molecules into
....................... and .......................
.........................is released into the
...............................
The ........................ atoms reacts with
carbon dioxide to form .........................
.................Oxygen isreleased into th e
air
l ight energy
Carbon diox ide
is absorbedf rom the air
Glucose
is sent
to the
whole
plant
are abso rbed
f rom the so i l
by the roots
Water Carbon dioxid e Glucose Oxygensun l igh t
Chlorophy l l
ch lorophy l l
l ight energy
spl i t
water
hydrogen oxygen
Oxygen
air
hydrogen
glucose
151
PHOTOSYNTHESIS
carbon
-
7/29/2019 Energy and Chemical Changes Powerpoint SPM
152/178
+.
.
+.
chlorophyllcarbon
dioxide oxygenglucose water
.Sunlight
152
carbon
dioxide water oxygen glucose
LEARNING OUTCOMES
A student is able to;
l i th ff t f li ht h t iti h i l
-
7/29/2019 Energy and Chemical Changes Powerpoint SPM
153/178
explain the effect of light on photosensitive chemicals,
explain why certain chemicals are stored in dark bottles.
Instruction: Teacher directs the students to carry out the group
activity.
Aim : To study the effect of light on chemical reactions
1 Students carry out an activity in groups to study the
effect of light on photographic paper
2 Teacher distributes a piece of photographic paper to
each group.
3. Students place a leaf on the photographic paper and
put it in the sunlight.4. After 10 minutes, students record their observations.
5. Students discuss the effect of light on photographic
paper and present their findings.
153
Observation
-
7/29/2019 Energy and Chemical Changes Powerpoint SPM
154/178
Part of photographic paper Observation
Covered with leaf
Exposed to light
Analysis
1. What inference can be made from your observation?
2. Write a word equation for the reaction of silver bromide with light.
154
3. (a) Is the reaction in this experiment a chemical reaction?
-
7/29/2019 Energy and Chemical Changes Powerpoint SPM
155/178
(b) What inference can be made from your answer in 3 (a)?
4 Suggest a way to store photographic film and photographic
paper which are light sensitive.
155
Photographic paper
Instructions : Students are asked to answer questions in
Worksheet 3 after discussion.
-
7/29/2019 Energy and Chemical Changes Powerpoint SPM
156/178
Silver bromide ...................... + ...............
(Grey)
Photographic paper is coated with ......................... .
When ............... falls on the paper, silver bromide is
.......................... into ........................... and ....................... .
The formation of .................... atoms on the photographic
paper causes....................... black areas on the paper.
Bromine
Photographic paper
s i lver brom ide
decomposed
l ight
si lver
brominesi lver
greyish
Silver
156
Storage of
chemical
-
7/29/2019 Energy and Chemical Changes Powerpoint SPM
157/178
chemical
substances
The chemicals are stored in
opaque containers or dark
coloured bottles.
CLICK
HERE157
http://g/PPK%202009%20EDITED%20Sains%20Teras%20Men%20Atas/jurassic_fart.wmvhttp://g/PPK%202009%20EDITED%20Sains%20Teras%20Men%20Atas/jurassic_fart.wmvhttp://g/PPK%202009%20EDITED%20Sains%20Teras%20Men%20Atas/jurassic_fart.wmvhttp://g/PPK%202009%20EDITED%20Sains%20Teras%20Men%20Atas/jurassic_fart.wmvhttp://g/PPK%202009%20EDITED%20Sains%20Teras%20Men%20Atas/jurassic_fart.wmv -
7/29/2019 Energy and Chemical Changes Powerpoint SPM
158/178
158
-
7/29/2019 Energy and Chemical Changes Powerpoint SPM
159/178
159
-
7/29/2019 Energy and Chemical Changes Powerpoint SPM
160/178
160
-
7/29/2019 Energy and Chemical Changes Powerpoint SPM
161/178
161
-
7/29/2019 Energy and Chemical Changes Powerpoint SPM
162/178
162
-
7/29/2019 Energy and Chemical Changes Powerpoint SPM
163/178
5.8 THE BENEFITS OF
CHEMICALREACTIONS
163
LEARNING AREA : ENERGY
-
7/29/2019 Energy and Chemical Changes Powerpoint SPM
164/178
AND CHEMICAL CHANGES
5.8 Appreciating the innovative
efforts in the design of
equipment using chemical
reactions as sources of energy
164
LEARNING OUTCOMES
A student is able to :
-
7/29/2019 Energy and Chemical Changes Powerpoint SPM
165/178
A student is able to :
- describe how energy obtained from chemical
reactions should be used efficiently to prevent
wastage
- describe how equipment utilising chemical reactions
as sources of energy should be disposed to reduceenvironmental pollution
- give suggestions on new ways of using chemical
reactions as sources of energy for equipment
- put into practice good habits when using anddisposing equipment that uses chemical reaction as
a source of energy165
CONTENT OF THESE LEARNING OUTCOMES
- equipments using chemical reactions
-
7/29/2019 Energy and Chemical Changes Powerpoint SPM
166/178
- efficient use to prevent wastage
- proper disposal- alternative sources of energy
- use energy saving electrical appliances
- iron all the clothes at one time- turn off all electrical appliances when not in
use
- use fluorescent lamps instead of bulbs- close refrigerator door as soon as possible
- (other possible answers)166
Group Work : Students do a
-
7/29/2019 Energy and Chemical Changes Powerpoint SPM
167/178
mind map on the innovativeefforts in the design of
equipment using chemicalreactions as sources of energy
linking all the learning
outcomes.
167
Students can obtain theinformation from websites,
-
7/29/2019 Energy and Chemical Changes Powerpoint SPM
168/178
,
books, magazines, journals ornewspapers.
(Note : An example is shownbelow)
#Slides 13,14,15 are motivational slides, to be
used when needed.168
Mind map Equipmentsusing
-
7/29/2019 Energy and Chemical Changes Powerpoint SPM
169/178
Efficient useto prevent
wastage
ProperDisposal
Alternative
sources of
energy
using
chemical
reactions
# continue next
slide
169
Efficient use to
-
7/29/2019 Energy and Chemical Changes Powerpoint SPM
170/178
Use energy
saving
electrical
appliances
Iron all theclothes at
one time
Turn offelectrical
appliances
when not in use
prevent
wastage
170
Proper
Used
batteries
-
7/29/2019 Energy and Chemical Changes Powerpoint SPM
171/178
Disposal
171
Alternative
so rces of
-
7/29/2019 Energy and Chemical Changes Powerpoint SPM
172/178
sources of
energy
172
SELF TEST1. Cellular phones use .
batteries
-
7/29/2019 Energy and Chemical Changes Powerpoint SPM
173/178
batteries.
2. Name two appliances that useelectrical energy.
3. Name the gas produced from the
burning of fossil fuels that can cause acidrain.
4. Name a way you can help to conserve
electricity in your home.
5. What happens when toxic substancesare not disposed off properly?
173
Answers to Self Test
-
7/29/2019 Energy and Chemical Changes Powerpoint SPM
174/178
Answers to Self Test1. rechargeable2. toaster, computer, television
3. sulphur dioxide
4. Turn off the lights when not in use.5. Toxic substances if not disposed off
properly will cause environmental
pollution.
174
-
7/29/2019 Energy and Chemical Changes Powerpoint SPM
175/178
Education isnot preparation
for life;education is lifeitself.
175
http://www.wisdomquotes.com/000603.html -
7/29/2019 Energy and Chemical Changes Powerpoint SPM
176/178
MARIA MITCHELL:Study as if you
were going to live
forever; live as if
you were going to
die tomorrow..
176
FRANCIS BACON:
We cannot command nature
http://www.wisdomquotes.com/000603.htmlhttp://www.wisdomquotes.com/000603.htmlhttp://www.wisdomquotes.com/003406.htmlhttp://www.wisdomquotes.com/003406.html -
7/29/2019 Energy and Chemical Changes Powerpoint SPM
177/178
except by obeying her.
LINDA HOGAN: There is a way that nature
speaks, that land speaks. Most of
the time we are simply not patientenough, quiet enough, to pay
tt ti t th t
177
http://www.wisdomquotes.com/002822.htmlhttp://www.wisdomquotes.com/002822.html -
7/29/2019 Energy and Chemical Changes Powerpoint SPM
178/178
THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTIONLove always