Kendriya Vidyalaya S.V.P N.P.A Shivrampally Hyd.

Name - Chirag AhujaClass - VII 'D'Roll No. - 19

Science

PHYSICAL & CHEMICAL

PROPERTIES AND

CHANGES

WARM UP:• UPDATE YOUR TABLE OF CONTENTS

• WRITE YOUR HOMEWORK – LEAVE IT OUT TO BE STAMPED

• CHOOSE WHICHEVER COLOR OF CONSTRUCTION PAPER YOU WANT OFF THE COUNTER – 1 PIECE.

• GET A PEN, COLORED PENCIL OR MARKER OUT TO CORRECT YOUR CHEMISTRY TEST!Date Session

#Activity Page

#9/16-9/17

8 Physical Vs. Chemical Foldable 14

BIG IDEA:EVERY ELEMENT ON THE PERIODIC TABLE

HAS IT’S OWN SET OF PHYSICAL & CHEMICAL PROPERTIES, THAT IS WHAT

MAKES THEIR “PERSONALITIES” UNIQUE!!!

WHAT IS A PHYSICAL PROPERTY?

• A CHARACTERISTIC OF AN ELEMENT OR SUBSTANCE THAT CAN BE OBSERVED OR MEASURED WITHOUT CHANGING ITS IDENTITY OR STRUCTURE.

• USE YOUR 5 SENSES OR SCIENTIFIC MEASUREMENTS TO DESCRIBE OR MEASURE…

WHAT IS A PHYSICAL CHANGE?

• A CHANGE THAT TAKES PLACE WITHOUT CHANGING THE IDENTITY OR STRUCTURE OF THE ELEMENT OR SUBSTANCE

• EXAMPLES:• DISSOLVING• PHASE CHANGE

(CHANGE BETWEEN SOLID, LIQUID, OR GAS)

• CHANGING SHAPE

WHAT IS A CHEMICAL

PROPERTY?• A CHARACTERISTIC THAT GIVES A SUBSTANCE THE ABILITY TO CHANGE INTO A NEW SUBSTANCE…BUT THE CHEMICAL CHANGE HAS TO BE HAPPENING TO SEE THE CHEMICAL PROPERTIES!

WHAT IS A CHEMICAL CHANGE?

• A CHANGE THAT RESULTS IN THE PRODUCTION OF A NEW SUBSTANCE AND CANNOT BE REVERSED.

• EXAMPLES:• BURNING• RUSTING• COOKING

EVIDENCE OF A CHEMICAL

CHANGE/REACTION:• COLOR CHANGES – (COLOR APPEARS OR DISAPPEARS)

• TEMPERATURE CHANGES

• GAS/GAS BUBBLES PRODUCED

• FIRE/EXPLOSION

• PRECIPITATE IS FORMED – A SOLID FORMS OUT OF 2 LIQUIDS

MatterMatter

Anything that has mass and takes up Anything that has mass and takes up space (has volume).space (has volume).

MatterMatterCan be described as Can be described as

Physical property – description of Physical property – description of substance. Ie. Colour, smell, taste, density. substance. Ie. Colour, smell, taste, density.

Chemical property – Describes how a Chemical property – Describes how a substance reacts when mixed with other substance reacts when mixed with other substances. ie. Gas burns in heat and substances. ie. Gas burns in heat and oxygen. oxygen.

Physical ChangePhysical Change A change that A change that does notdoes not produce a new produce a new

substance. substance.

Usually reversibleUsually reversible

e.g. melting ice, dissolving salte.g. melting ice, dissolving salt

Chemical ChangeChemical Change A reaction takes place creating a new A reaction takes place creating a new

substance.substance.

Usually hard or Usually hard or impossible to impossible to reverse.reverse.

Ex. Cooking an eggEx. Cooking an egg

e.g. Gummy Bear Inferno Demoe.g. Gummy Bear Inferno Demo

Sugar + OSugar + O22 Carbon Dioxide + H Carbon Dioxide + H22OO

In a chemical change, there are clues that a In a chemical change, there are clues that a change occurred. Can you name them? change occurred. Can you name them?

THERE ARE 5 CLUES THAT A CHEMICAL CHANGE MAY HAVE

OCCURRED…1. A NEW COLOUR APPEARS.

2. Heat or Light is given off.2. Heat or Light is given off.

3. Bubbles of Gas are formed.3. Bubbles of Gas are formed.

4. A new solid material forms (precipitate).4. A new solid material forms (precipitate).

5. A new odour is made.5. A new odour is made.

WHAT DO YOU THINK?

1. SUGAR DISSOLVING IN TEA?2. BREAKING WATER UP INTO

HYDROGEN AND OXYGEN GAS?3. BURNING A LOG IN A CAMPFIRE?4. CRUSHING AN ASPIRIN?5. METAL RUSTING?6. LIGHTER FLUID BURNING?7. AN EGG ROTTING? 8. BOILING WATER?9. TEST TUBES IN PICTURE ?

PREPPING YOUR LABS• WRITE IN BLUE OR BLACK PEN ONLY

• MISTAKES

• OBSERVATIONS USUALLY IN A TABLE (RULER)

• ALL TITLES AND SUBTITLES UNDERLINED (RULER)

• DATE AND NAME IN THE UPPER RIGHT CORNER WITH LAB PARTNERS NAME

• ANALYSIS MUST BE IN FULL SENTENCES. THAT MEANS INCLUDE THE QUESTION IN THE ANSWER

Exp. 1

Exp. 2

Exp. 3

Before During After

Physical and Chemical Changes Lab

Purpose: To collect and use evidence to identify physical and chemical changes.

Materials: See Ms. Jamieson’s ppt

Procedure: See Ms. Jamieson’s ppt

Observations:

Procedure:

Exp. 1 1. Add 2 cm of HCl to test tube2. Add 2cm strip of Mg. 3. Dispose & Rinse test tube.

Exp. 2 1. Add 3 cm of distilled water to test tube2. Add ½ pea size scoop of CuSO4

3. Shake gently (do not put thumb on top)

Exp. 3 1. Add pea size ball of steel wool to test tube used in #2

2. Shake gently (do not put thumb on top). 3. Dispose & Rinse test tube.

Exp. 4 1. Add 1cm of HCl to the test tube2. Add 2 drops of phenolthalein. 3. Slowly add drops of NaOH while shaking

gently until you observe a change4. Dispose & Rinse test tube.

Analysis:

1. Classify each of the experiments as chemical or physical changes. Write a sentence to justify your decision using specific evidence you’ve observed.

2. Give one example from everyday life of a physical change. Explain how to reverse it.

3. In your own words, how would you explain the difference between a physical and chemical change to a friend?

EXAMPLES O

F

REACTIVIT

Y…

PHYSICAL VS. CHEMICAL FOLDABLE

• MATCH EACH WORD IN THE WORD IN THE WORD BANK WITH THE CORRECT DEFINITION…

• THEN, DECIDE WHETHER EACH PAIR REPRESENTS A PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROPERTY AND PUT THEM ON THE CORRECT SIDE OF YOUR FOLDABLE UNDER “EXAMPLES OF PHYSICAL PROPERTIES:” OR “EXAMPLES OF CHEMICAL PROPERTIES:”

• HINT: THERE ARE 8 PHYSICAL EXAMPLES & 4 CHEMICAL EXAMPLES…CHECK BEFORE YOU PASTE!

VOCABULARY:EXAMPLES OF

PHYSICAL PROPERTIES

•DENSITY• MASS PER VOLUME

OF A MATERIAL, OR HOW MUCH STUFF IS PACKED TOGETHER IN AN AREA.

•SOLUBILITY

• A MEASURE OF HOW MUCH OF A SUBSTANCE DISSOLVES IN A GIVEN AMOUNT OF ANOTHER SUBSTANCE.

•BOILING POINT

• THE TEMPERATURE AT WHICH A LIQUID CHANGES TO A GAS.

•MELTING POINT

• THE TEMPERATURE AT WHICH A SOLID CHANGES TO A LIQUID.

•SPECIFIC HEAT

• THE AMOUNT OF HEAT OR ENERGY NEEDED TO RAISE 1 GRAM OF A SUBSTANCE BY 1 DEGREE CELSIUS (1C).

•MAGNETISM

• A FORCE OF ATTRACTION OR REPULSION THAT EXISTS BETWEEN LIKE AND UNLIKE POLES.

•MALLEABILITY

• THE ABILITY TO BE HAMMERED, SHAPED, OR ROLLED INTO THING SHEETS. MOST METALS ARE MALLEABLE.

•CONDUCTIVTY

THE ABILITY OF A MATERIAL OR SUBSTANCE THAT ALLOWS ELECTRICITY OR HEAT TO FLOW THROUGH IT EASILY. MOST METALS ARE GOOD CONDUCTORS.

VOCABULARY:EXAMPLES OF

CHEMICAL PROPERTIES

•CHEMICAL REACTIVITY

• THE ABILITY OF A MATERIAL OR SUBSTANCE TO REACT WITH ANOTHER MATERIAL OR SUBSTANCE AND FORM SOMETHING ENTIRELY NEW OR DIFFERENT.

•TOXICITY • THE DEGREE TO WHICH A CHEMICAL CAN HARM AN ORGANISM.

•FLAMMABILITY

• THE ABILITY OF A MATERIAL OR SUBSTANCE TO BURN OR START ON FIRE EASILY.

•REACTIVITY WITH OXYGEN

• THE ABILITY OF A MATERIAL OR SUBSTANCE (USUALLY METALS) TO REACT WITH OXYGEN AND CAUSE THEM TO RUST, TARNISH, OR COMBUST, SPARK OR CREATE A FLAME OR LIGHT.

WARM UP:• UPDATE YOUR TABLE OF CONTENTS

• WRITE YOUR HOMEWORK – LEAVE IT OUT TO BE STAMPED

• GET YOUR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES/PHYSICAL CHANGES FOLDABLE OUT TO BE CHECKED…QUIZ EACH OTHER ON THEM WHILE YOU WAIT!Date Session

#Activity Page

#9/18– 9/19

9 Chemical Change Mini Labs – (turn it in, and then tape it into page 15 after it is returned with a grade - Formal Grade 65%)

15

PROPERTY OR CHANGE?

•THINK, GROUP, SHARE…

•EXPLAIN THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN A PROPERTY

AND A CHANGE.

PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL?

• THINK, GROUP, SHARE…

• EXPLAIN HOW YOU KNOW THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN A PHYSICAL CHANGE AND CHEMICAL CHANGE?• WHAT WERE THOSE 5 HELPFUL

HINTS THAT I GAVE YOU TO IDENTIFY A CHEMICAL CHANGE?

WHAT WERE THE 5 THINGS THAT GIVE YOU A HINT THAT A CHEMICAL CHANGE/REACTION

HAS OCCURRED?• COLOR CHANGES – (COLOR APPEARS OR DISAPPEARS)

• TEMPERATURE CHANGES

• GAS/GAS BUBBLES PRODUCED

• FIRE/EXPLOSION/FLAME/LIGHT PRODUCED

• PRECIPITATE IS FORMED – A SOLID FORMS OUT OF 2 LIQUIDS

MINI L

ABS &

DEMOS

MINI LAB 1: •MAKE YOUR PREDICTION BASED ON THE ITEMS YOU SEE THE TEACHER HAS…

•WATCH CLOSELY…KEEP WATCHING!

•WRITE YOUR OBSERVATIONS•WHAT WAS YOUR “HINT” THAT A CHEMICAL CHANGE OCCURRED?

FRIENDLY REMINDERS!!**ANYONE SENSITIVE TO STRONG ODORS? LET ME KNOW IF ANY OF

THE ODORS ARE BOTHERING YOU AT ANY POINT DURING THE LABS TODAY!

**ABSOLUTELY NONE OF THE LAB CHEMICALS SHOULD COME IN CONTACT WITH YOUR MOUTH, EYES, OR BE BREATHED DEEPLY!!

• GROUP 1 = SINK 1

• GROUP 2 = SINK 2

• GROUP 3 = SINK 3 ETC…

• GROUP 7 & 8 = SHARE A SINK

• USE YOUR PLASTIC BIN TO CATCH ANY SPILLS, FOR EXAMPLE WHEN YOU POUR VINEGAR INTO YOUR GRADUATED CYLINDER DO IT OVER THE BIN!

GROUP ROLES LEADER: READS THE DIRECTIONS FOR EACH LAB, KEEPS

GROUP ON TASK AND FOLLOWING DIRECTIONS

MATERIALS/CLEAN UP: COLLECTS, RETURNS, CLEANS AND DISPOSES OF MATERIALS

DATA DISCUSSION LEADER: ENSURES THERE IS A CONVERSATION ABOUT EACH DATA TABLE TO SHARE INFORMATION.

QUALITY MANAGEMENT: ENSURES EVERY STUDENT HAS DETAILED QUALITY ANSWERS WRITTEN IN COMPLETE SENTENCES USING SCIENTIFIC LANGUAGE & TURNS THEIR LAB GUIDE IN!

MINI LAB 2:• SEND YOUR MATERIALS PERSON TO GET A CUP OF MILK AND A CUP OF VINEGAR, AND A STIR STICK

• POUR THE MILK INTO THE VINEGAR AND STIR IT LIKE YOU MEAN IT!

• OBSERVE AND RECORD ANY CHANGES THAT OCCUR AT THIS TIME.

• LET THIS ONE SIT ON YOUR TABLE TO SEE IF THERE IS ANY CHANGE BY THE TIME CLASS ENDS.

MINI LAB 3:• SEND YOUR MATERIALS PERSON UP TO PICK UP A ZIPLOC BAG WITH BAKING SODA IN IT FOR EACH GROUP

• USE THE GRADUATED CYLINDER TO MEASURE ABOUT

30 ML OF VINEGAR

• ADD THE 30 ML OF VINEGAR TO THE BAKING SODA IN THE BAG AND SEAL THE BAG IMMEDIATELY

• OBSERVE AND RECORD ANY CHANGES THAT OCCUR.

• RINSE YOUR GRADUATED CYLINDER AND THROW AWAY THE ZIPLOCK BAG ONCE YOU HAVE DUMPED THE CONTENTS DOWN THE DRAIN

MINI LAB 4:• SEND YOUR MATERIALS PERSON UP TO GET A MYSTERY TEST TUBE FOR EACH GROUP MEMBER

• USE THE EYEDROPPERS TO ADD AN EYEDROPPER FULL OF THE CABBAGE JUICE (PURPLE LIQUID) TO EACH TEST TUBE…DO THIS ONLY ONCE

• OBSERVE AND RECORD ANY CHANGES THAT OCCUR

• WAIT FOR FURTHER INSTRUCTIONS!!!

• RINSE YOUR TEST TUBES AND RETURN IT TO THE TEST TUBE RACK. FLUSH YOUR EYEDROPPERS WITH WATER. RINSE YOUR BIN & DRY IT! CLEAN UP ANY SPILLS AT YOUR GROUP!

MINI LAB 5:• SEND YOUR MATERIALS PERSON TO THE SINK TO GET

APPROXIMATELY 5 ML OF WATER IN YOUR GRADUATED CYLINDER

• PUT THE WATER INTO YOUR FILM CANISTER & CLOSE THE LID!

• BREAK ONE ALKA-SELTZER TABLET IN HALF AND HOLD IT UP IN THE AIR!

• ONCE WE ARE OUTSIDE…

• PUT THE ALKA-SELTZER TABLET INTO THE FILM CANISTER AND SNAP THE LID TIGHTLY

• QUICKLY PUT THE CANISTER ON THE GROUND CAP SIDE DOWN AND STEP BACK!

YOUR LAB STATION SHOULD BE CLEAN AND YOUR BIN SHOULD CONTAIN ALL OF THE SUPPLIES

IT DID WHEN YOU STARTED!• CLEAN, DRY PLASTIC BIN

• 1 GRADUATED CYLINDER

• 1 BOTTLE OF VINEGAR

• 1 SMALL BEAKER OF CABBAGE JUICE

• 2 PIPETTES (EYEDROPPERS)

• 1 PACKET OF ALKA-SELTZER

• 1 FILM CANISTER

WHAT ABOUT THE MILK & VINEGAR?

SOMETHING TO TRY AT HOME

•CHECK FOR CHANGES IN MINI LAB 2 – THEN POUR YOUR “NEW” SUBSTANCE DOWN THE DRAIN AND THROW THE CUPS AND STIR STICK IN THE TRASH.

Physical Change Examples Chemical Change Examples

1. 1.

2. 2.

3. 3.

4. 4.

5. 5.

Do This

WARM UP:• UPDATE YOUR TABLE OF CONTENTS

• WRITE YOUR HOMEWORK – LEAVE IT TO BE STAMPED

• GET YOUR PHYSICAL/CHEMICAL CHANGE CHART OUT TO BE CHECKED…BE READY TO SHARE YOUR TABLES BEST EXAMPLES!

• TAPE YOUR LAB GUIDE INTO PAGE 15!Date Session

#Activity Page

#9/20– 9/23

10 Mythbusters Video Quiz (paste into page 16 after it is returned with a grade – Informal 35%)

16

LET’S TAKE A LOOK AT THE LAB…

• QUALITY MANAGEMENT: ENSURES EVERY STUDENT HAS DETAILED QUALITY ANSWERS WRITTEN IN COMPLETE SENTENCES USING SCIENTIFIC LANGUAGE & TURNS THEIR LAB GUIDE IN!

• STOP USING THE WORD “IT” – WHAT IS “IT?” USE THE VOCABULARY/EXPLAIN WITH DETAIL

SOME COMMON ERRORS:

• THE 2 LIQUIDS, THE MILK AND THE VINEGAR, FORMED A PRECIPITATE…INSTEAD OF IT PRECIPITATED/IT WAS PRECIPITATING – WHAT DOES THAT MEAN?

• IS DISSOLVING CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL?

LET’S TAKE A LOOK AT THE LAB…

• QUESTION #2 ON THE BACK – SOME EXAMPLES OF GOOD ANSWERS WERE:

• IN THE BEGINNING WE DIDN’T KNOW WHAT WOULD HAPPEN IN MINI LAB 2, BUT IT GREATLY DISPLAYED HOW THIS RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PROPERTIES AND CHANGES BECAUSE YOU HAD TO MIX THE MILK AND VINEGAR TOGETHER BEFORE THEIR PROPERTIES COULD REACT AND CAUSE THEM TO FORM A PRECIPITATE WHICH WAS THE CHEMICAL CHANGE.

• FOR EXPERIMENT #4, WE HAD TO POUR THE CABBAGE JUICE INTO THE MYSTERY LIQUID TO SEE IT UNDERGO THE COLOR CHANGE. THE COLOR COULDN’T CHANGE WITHOUT MIXING THE TWO LIQUIDS ALLOWING YOU TO SEE THE CHEMICAL PROPERTY THROUGH THE CHEMICAL CHANGE.

PHYSICAL VS. CHEMICAL CHANGE

EXAMPLES• FROM THE LAB

GUIDE…• FROM THE HOMEWORK…

WHITEBOARD QUIZ – PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL?

•NUMBER YOUR WHITEBOARD 1-10

•YOU MUST GET AT LEAST 9 CORRECT TO GET A TICKET

1. PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL?

•FREEZING WATER…

2. PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL?

•CHOPPING WOOD…

3. PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL?

•DISSOLVING SALT IN WATER…

4. PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL?

•CRUMPLED PAPER…

5. PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL?

•BURNING WOOD…

6. PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL?

•MELTING GOLD…

7. PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL?

•DYING EASTER EGGS…

8. PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL?

•BOILING WATER…

9. PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL?

•FRYING CHICKEN…

10. PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL?

•TARNISH ON THE STATUE OF LIBERTY…

WHITEBOARD QUIZ PART 2 – WHICH PROPERTY?

•NUMBER YOUR WHITEBOARD 1-10

•YOU MUST GET AT LEAST 8 CORRECT TO GET A TICKET

1. WHICH PROPERTY?

•THE TEMPERATURE AT WHICH A LIQUID CHANGES TO A GAS.

2. WHICH PROPERTY?

• MASS PER VOLUME OF A MATERIAL, OR HOW MUCH STUFF IS PACKED TOGETHER

IN AN AREA.

3. WHICH PROPERTY?

• THE ABILITY TO BE HAMMERED, SHAPED, OR ROLLED INTO THIN SHEETS. MOST

METALS HAVE THIS QUALITY.

4. WHICH PROPERTY?

•THE ABILITY TO START ON FIRE OR TO BURN.

5. WHICH PROPERTY?

• THE AMOUNT OF HEAT OR ENERGY NEEDED TO RAISE 1 GRAM OF A

SUBSTANCE BY 1 DEGREE CELSIUS (1C).

6. WHICH PROPERTY?

• A MEASURE OF HOW MUCH OF A SUBSTANCE DISSOLVES IN A GIVEN

AMOUNT OF ANOTHER SUBSTANCE.

7. WHICH PROPERTY?

• THE TEMPERATURE AT WHICH A SOLID CHANGES TO A LIQUID.

8. WHICH PROPERTY?

• THE ABILITY OF A MATERIAL OR SUBSTANCE TO REACT WITH ANOTHER MATERIAL OR SUBSTANCE AND FORM

SOMETHING ENTIRELY NEW OR DIFFERENT.

9. WHICH PROPERTY?

• THE ABILITY OF A MATERIAL OR SUBSTANCE THAT ALLOWS ELECTRICITY OR HEAT TO FLOW THROUGH IT EASILY. MOST METALS HAVE THIS PROPERTY.

10. WHICH PROPERTY?

•THE DEGREE TO WHICH A CHEMICAL CAN HARM AN ORGANISM.

STUDY JAMS – EXTRA REVIEW

PHYSICAL & CHEMICAL CHANGES OF MATTER