End of WW2

1. The Great Land Grab2. What happened to Germany3. Birth of 2 super powers4. Canada

Displaced Persons (DP) Newfoundland, Resources

The End of the War

V.E Day: The war in Europe ends on May 8, 1945. Nazi Germany surrenders when Soviet (Russian) forces enter the city of Berlin

Hoisting the Soviet Flag in Berlin

3

Satellite Nations…

Stalin never allowed truly free elections.

Instead, communist governments were installed in many Eastern European nations.

Main Purpose? Protect USSR from

invasion from the West Buffer Zone

Post War Germany

The End of the WarThe A-Bomb August 6, 1945, a lone

American bomber flew high over the Japanese city of Hiroshima

Dropped a single bomb named “Little Boy”

1st atomic bomb unleashed on the world

V- J Day

Japan surrendered August 14 – 1945

The War was OVER!!!!

The new world order Two new world super – powers Atomic age A territorial war based on ideas (communism vs. free

democracy / capitalism)

The Cold War begins

7

New Superpowers The United States and the USSR (Union of

Soviet Socialist Republics) Each nation was strong enough to greatly

influence world events.

Stalin – Premier of USSRHarry Truman President of the USA

8

Containment Policy George Kennan, career

Foreign Service Officer Formulated the policy of

“containment”: US would not get rid of

communism, but would not allow it to spread.

US would “contain” communism where it already existed.

Canada

Displaced Persons Newfound Land Resources An area of optimism and pessimism Middle power – cold war

Newfoundland

Newfoundland, although proving to be of strategic importance during WW2 is afraid it will loose its independence and become a colony of Britain

Problem: How does it prevent itself from falling to economic ruin

Referendums Referendum #1

People of Newfoundland voted on all 3 options

No single option received a majority vote

Re-vote

Referendum #2 People of

Newfoundland voted on 2 options: Self-government or union with Canada

Referendum Results Those in the out-posts,

fisheries, loggers and miners voted with Joey Smallwood for confederation with Canada Wanted financial security

and stability

The Merchants voted for “responsible self-government” Feared the market might

move

Referendum Results – March 31, 1949

52% of Islanders favoured joining Canada

48% of islanders were for responsible self-government

April 1, 1949 Newfoundland became Canada’s 10th province and Joey Smallwood became Canada’s last father of confederation

Joey Smallwood first premier

of Newfoundland - Last Father of Confederation

Topic 3 Resources

To Meet American Demand

Natural Resources and mega projects

Natural Resources

Oil and gas

Lumber, pulp and paper

Hydro electric

Metals / minerals

Mining and aggregates

Mega-projects-Pipeline-St. Lawrence Seaway-Hydro-electric dam

CANDU reactorsNuclear power

Resources

Discovery of oil in Leduc Alberta, 1947

Mining – fueling the American demand for wood, coal, iron, aluminum and copper

Resources continued

Lumber – feeding American demand

Nuclear power – CANDU Reactor

Resources

So how do we move these resources?

Ship – St. Lawrence Seaway Rail Pipeline

Highway – Trans Canada Highway