Effectiveness of Poverty Alleviation Programmes

Effectiveness of Poverty Alleviation ProgrammesVAISHALIB.A. (H) ECONOMICSA50018213002Conducting research about the various Poverty Alleviation Programmes currently running India and selecting 5 for this project.Analyzing and evaluating the extent of success/failure of the selected Programmes.Finding conclusion and suggesting beneficial reforms for enhancing the performance of these programmes.

OBJECTIVESSwarna Jayanti Gram Swarozgar YojnaIndira Awaas YojnaPublic Distribution SystemMid Day Meal SchemeMahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee ActPROGRAMMES COVEREDSWARNA JAYANTI GRAM SWAROZGAR YOJNA To bring the rural BPL families above the poverty line by ensuring appreciable increase in income on a sustainable basis through creation of self employment (swarozgari) opportunities through a mix of credit and subsidy.

OBJECTIVEDivergence between objectives and designLack of support to SHGsSelection BiasGap between sanction and disbursal of loans

SHORTCOMINGSCreate awarenessOnly those beneficiaries who have the potential to start and manage the economic activity should be covered under the Scheme.Emphasis on the formation of Women Self Help GroupsMinimum of 4 members should also be allowed/recognized in a women SHG.Enhance the loan amount and decrease the rate of interest.Proper training programmesGovernment should play a direct role in marketing the products.Inherent skills of the swarozgaris need to be upgraded. Insurance charges should be borne by the Government exclusivelyRECOMMENDATIONSINDIRA AWAAS YOJNA To provide a financial aid to the members of SCs/STs, freed bonded laborers, widows and next-of-kin, to defense personnel/paramilitary forces killed in action (irrespective of their income criteria), ex-servicemen and retired members of paramilitary forces residing in rural areas. Also, to other non scheduled castes/scheduled tribes rural poor below the poverty line for the construction of their dwelling units by providing them a sum amount as financial assistance.

OBJECTIVESLack of awareness Negligible role played by mediaLack of responsibility Inadequate system for selection of BeneficiariesNegligible involvement of NGOsImproper MonitoringSkilled labor not usedNo latest technology usedCovered area of dwelling units very smallNo special attention was paid on basic amenities Lump sum amount less than the estimated cost of these dwellings

SHORTCOMINGSNeed to create awareness Covered area should also be enhancedConcerned officers should discharge their duties with responsibility Lump-sum amount should be increased up to estimated cost of dwelling unitsSpecial attention should be paid to the basic amenitiesLatest and cheapest technology should be used.Engage technical/skilled labor Monitoring of Indira Awaas Yojna should be made and essential feature

RECOMMENDATIONSPUBLIC DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMPurchasing power to the poor to buy enough food to quench their hunger

Minimum Support Price OBJECTIVESInferior quality of food grains in ration shopFraudulent dealers replace good supplies with inferior stockFair price shop owners large number of bogus cards Ration shop dealers resort to malpracticesNutritious food made inaccessible and unaffordable to many poorGranting of PDS Services highly irregularCore objective of price stabilization of essential commodities has not been metInappropriate weighting the materialsMany BPL families are not able to acquire ration cards. Also many mortgage their ration cards for moneyLack of clarity in the planning and structuring

SHORTCOMINGSVigilant Monitoring Team A Local Official personnel to be chosen as the Head of the Vigilant TeamFCI and other important agencies should provide quality food grains for distributionMargin of profit should be increased for honest businessAdequate checks and raids should be conductedOpen many more fair price shops Displaying of rate chart and quantity available should be enforced compulsorilyLocal people centered committee should be establishedRECOMMENDATIONSMID DAY MEAL SCHEMEProvide food to children in schools to fight malnutrition and related disorders.

Encourage enrolment of poor children in primary and secondary schools.

OBJECTIVESChecks are conducted only when there are complaints or serious casesUnhealthy conditions for stocking foodPoor quality of food is provided to schoolsWidespread corruptionAdulterated foodChildren made to clean utensils with playground soilGrains kept in decrepit conditionsLack of proper infrastructurePoor availability of utensils

SHORTCOMINGSEngage private agencies which would be expected to follow certain hygiene normsCheck quality of prepared mealsAdd variety and assured nutrition to the childrenPublic-Private Partnership for delivery of nutrition bars Partial substitution of delivery of loose grains by packaged itemsUsing nutritionally fortified GM food grains

RECOMMENDATIONSMAHATMA GANDHI NATIONAL RURAL EMPLOYMENT GUARANTEE ACT (MNREGA)Enhancing livelihood security in rural areas by providing at least 100 days of guaranteed wage employment in a financial year, to every household whose adult members volunteer to do unskilled manual work.

To create durable assets, such as roads, canals, ponds, wells.

OBJECTIVESDenial of RegistrationDistribution of job cards Unsolicited fees being charged for work application forms Presence of ContractorsAbsence of Worksite facilitiesNon-availability of muster rolls at the worksitesDelay in wage paymentsPayment of less than the minimum wage

SHORTCOMINGSRegulation of Job CardsParticipation of womenParticipation of people with disabilitiesUtilization of fundsContext specific projects and convergencePayment of unemployment allowanceRegular MonitoringTraining of functionaries

RECOMMENDATIONSCONCLUSIONCorruption

Lack of Awareness

Negligence

Discrimination and Bias

Infrastructure

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