Rare mammary gland diseases: a continuous
challenge for the clinician
Paula Maria Gliga, Alexandra Diana Mihuti
Coordinator: Assoc.Prof. Marian Dorin MD, PhD
Epidemiology of breast cancer : 23 % of all types of cancer in female patients
in Romania Most frequent type of cancer: ductal carcinoma
Epidemiology of benign tumors: More common than malign tumors Most frequent type: fibrocystic disease
Introduction
Rare diseases: Identification Description Methods of examination
Objective
Number of patients: 17 Gender: females Mean age: 51 Period of time: 10 years (2004-2013)
Methods and materials
Results
Rapidly growing lump Appears as a hypoechoic mass in ultrasound Correct diagnosis is done using a Fine needle
aspiration cytology (FNAC)
Primary breast lymphoma
Primary breast lymphoma
Lymphoma
Journal of Cytology, 2013
Courtesy of Dr. R. Georgescu
Cause: Echinococcus granulosus Humans function as accidental hosts Common locations: liver, lungs Only 0,27% occur in breast Best screening modality for diagnosis is
ultrasound
Hydatid cyst
Hydatid cyst
Curtesy Ali Alamer et al.
Hydatid cyst
Curtesy Ali Alamer et al.
Cause: Toxoplasma gondii Infects a large proportion of the population
but rarely causes clinically significant disease
Diagnosed correctly using serological tests
Toxoplasmosis
Malignant tumor of melanocytes < 5% of all malignant melanomas It may be primary or metastatic
Breast melanoma
Cause: Mycobacterium tuberculosis Radiological and ultrasound imaging define
only the extent of the lesion FNAC is a useful tool for diagnosis Open biopsy almost always confirms this
disease If correctly diagnosed, surgery can be
avoided
Tuberculosis of the breast
APUD cells: Amine Precursor Uptake Decarboxylation
APUD tumors: Most often found in the intestine or the lungs Breast APUD tumor is almost always a
metastasis from another site
APUD tumor
In 12 cases – initial confusion with breast neoplasm
The existence of rare diseases should not be forgotten when examining a breast lesion
Clinical examination should be correlated with imaging, FNAC and serological tests for better preoperative diagnosis.
Conclusions
Thank you for your attention!