deviance ppt
TRANSCRIPT
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Essential Question
In what ways does
crime and deviancemold culture?
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Crime and Deviance from the
Symbolic Interactionist,Functionalist, and Conflict
perspectives of sociology
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Symbolic Interactionist
Differential Association Theory
Control Theory
Labeling Theory
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Differential Association (SI)
Sutherlandproclaims that deviation is learnedthrough the different groups that we associate with
Who we associate with gives us mixed messages
about conformity and the end result may tilt us inthe direction of deviation
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Control Theory (SI)
Inner controls (morality) and Outer controls(people) influence us not to deviate
Attachments, Commitments, Involvements, and
Beliefs (SELF-CONTROL) fosters strong innercontrols
Continued interactions with various symbols thatkeep one from deviating should start early in
childhood
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Scenario for Control Theory
There is pressure to take drugs at a party
Most people at the party are taking drugs, and simplecuriosity pushes you into the mind frame toparticipate as well
Inner conscience and parental influence andteacher influence (outer) alert you to danger
What to do? Follow the pushes or your inner andouter controls?
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Labeling Theory (SI)
Focus on significance of labels that we are givenwhich influence our self-concept.which, in turn, actas a diversion to deviance or sends us along a path ofdeviance
Most people do resist these labels even while beingdeviants (see techniques of neutralization handout)
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Please remember:
*It is impossible to follow EVERY societal norm ALLof time.it is therefore necessary to justify small actsof deviance to neutralize the moral demands ofsociety.
*Sociologists have research that shows that peoplewill deflect labels through a variety of techniques.
They will deny responsibility, deny injury, deny thevictim, condemn the condemner, and appeal tohigher loyalties
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Denial of Responsibility
I couldnt help myself
Its not my fault
It was an accident.
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Denial Of Injury
I wasnt hurting anyone
I was just fooling around
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Denial of Victim
They deserved it.
I was getting him/her back for.
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Condemning the Condemner
Who are you to accuse me.
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Appeal to Higher Loyalties
I had to help my friend
Wouldnt you have done the same?
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The Functionalist Perspective~ Theory one~
Durkheim states that crime contributesto the maintenance of social order
Deviance performs 4 functions Clarifies Moral Boundaries
Affirms Norms
Promotes social unity
Promotes social change
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~Theory Two~It begins with the myth
ALL AMERICANS CAN AFFORDMANY OF SOCIETYS GOODS
AND SERVICES(the American Dream)
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One of the most fundamental social values is to
train the most talented people to take over jobs insociety, whether they are wealthy or
impoverished, in order to keep up with modern
society (Cloward and Ohlin, 1960)
Society therefore tries to motivate everyone
including the poor, primarily through the media,
into wanting to own things. showing the middle
class and others enjoying many luxuries tosucceed therefore competition is created
Competition to reach the American Dream
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?What happens when people experienceunequal access to the institutionalized means
necessary to succeed?
Pimping, drug dealing, gambling, even white
collar crime ( DID YOU KNOW>>>>that white
collar crime costs more (in dollars) than streetcrime?) or otherillegitimate opportunities aretaken to deal with the STRAIN, and/or achieve
set goals
In other wordscrime becomes functional
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They are still exposed to the AmericanDreamthat is hard to obtain nowthey
become discontented or a dissatisfaction
with ones self, frustrated with the will to
better ones self in order to
compete.but no longer has the means to
do so
.this is called
STRAIN (F)
The all stratification levels
begin their education (an
institutionalized mean)The middle class runs the
public school sectorby
high school it does not
serve the impoverished
culture.some drop out
(see demographics for dropouts)
~Example One~
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~Example Two~
(Sutherland
studied whitecollar crime)
A wealthy woman works for a
corporation. A great life. Is living the
American Dream. She is exposed to
colleagues that have a yacht, travelabroad, are trading in their 5 bedroom
homes for 7 bedroom homes.she has
done everything she can to be
promotable for some reason she had
not received the promotion. (In other
words, her institutionalized mean has
broken down)
She is stressed and frustrated and
feels the
discontent.STRAINED.She begins
embezzling money.an illegitimateopportunity (a crime in this case) that
helps her achieve more of the
American Dream
Crime is
functionalan
illegitimate
opportunity to
achieve the
American Dream
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To summarize:
Goals or high status and wealth are desiredandthen a higher status and more wealth
BUTsociety withholds institutionalized means
Therefore STRAIN (F) or frustration turns intodeviance
As a result people participate in illegitimateopportunity and/or experience anomie (another oneof Durkheims concepts)
s
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er on s ra n eory(refer to the handout)
Merton studied ANOMIE a feeling of normlessnessis felt by those that experiencing strain
Since working and getting and education do not getthem close to pursuing the American Dream theycannot identify with the norms
Therefore, societys norms seem illegitimate
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M O V I E A N D A S S E S S M E N T P A P E R
Roger and Me and Social Strain
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The Conflict Perspective and Deviance
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Where is the conflict?
Deviance is the strugglebetween those that
own the means of production and those thatdo not
Main Social Conflict social inequality and power
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The power elite protectsits power by passing laws
that ensures that anyonethat threatens the power
goes to prison
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Stratification within U.S. Society
Capitalists: buy labor and control the workers
Working Class: those who sell their labor
Marginal Working Class: those who have few skillsand are subject to layoffs, have low pay for the
labor they sell, are part-time or seasonal This class supplies our prison system
Desperation leads to street crime, which leads to severepunishment because that crime comes in conflict with social order
a s cs
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a s cs
http://www.ojp.usdoj.gov/bjs/prisons.htm
a s cs
http://www.ojp.usdoj.gov/bjs/prisons.htmhttp://www.ojp.usdoj.gov/bjs/prisons.htm -
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a s cs
http://www.ojp.usdoj.gov/bjs/cp.htm
http://www.ojp.usdoj.gov/bjs/cp.htmhttp://www.ojp.usdoj.gov/bjs/cp.htm -
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Additional information on the conceptscovered in this packet can be found in
Chapter 8 or your text. Sign out a book if
you the supplemental information!
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Project begins that will
help us answer ouressential question