DesigningDesigningChallenge QuestionsChallenge Questions

One Difference BetweenOne Difference BetweenChallenge-Based and Challenge-Based and

Taxonomy-Based Taxonomy-Based InstructionInstruction

The order that material is The order that material is presented is reversed.presented is reversed.

Taxonomy-Based Taxonomy-Based InstructionInstruction

Start with a general principle, Start with a general principle, illustrate it with specific casesillustrate it with specific cases

e.g., derive the Navier-Stokes Eq.,then apply it to flow in an artery

Challenge-Based Challenge-Based InstructionInstruction

Start with a specific case:Start with a specific case:Students do not have sufficient Students do not have sufficient background to adequately address the background to adequately address the challenge on their ownchallenge on their ownDesign activities that bring in relevant Design activities that bring in relevant portions of the taxonomyportions of the taxonomy BBuild up to general principlesuild up to general principles

Best Way to DesignBest Way to Designan Effective Challengean Effective Challenge

Design an effective summative Design an effective summative assessment problem that tests students’ assessment problem that tests students’ mastery of the module objectivesmastery of the module objectives Use an old Homework ProblemUse an old Homework Problem Use an old Exam ProblemUse an old Exam Problem Examine Court CasesExamine Court Cases

Examples ofExamples ofChallengesChallenges

BiomechanicsBiomechanics

andand

BiotransportBiotransport

ChallengeChallenge

A man is free to move A man is free to move his torso about an his torso about an AP axis in the AP axis in the frontal plane. When frontal plane. When will he lose his will he lose his balance?balance?

Why don’t these Why don’t these people fall over?people fall over?

Challenge: Why does a vertebra Challenge: Why does a vertebra fail along a 45 degree angle fail along a 45 degree angle during axial compression?during axial compression?

R

R

R

R

Bungee JumpingBungee Jumpingandand

Pennsylvania LawPennsylvania Law

How can we design a bungee cord to How can we design a bungee cord to meet Pennsylvania State codes?meet Pennsylvania State codes?

Iron Cross ChallengeIron Cross Challenge

What muscle strength is needed for an athlete to hold this position?

Design of a Design of a rapid reaction apparatusrapid reaction apparatus

You want to study the reaction A + B You want to study the reaction A + B AB using the apparatus AB using the apparatus below.below.

The reaction is thought to be virtually complete in The reaction is thought to be virtually complete in ττ seconds. seconds.What flow rate would you suggest (QWhat flow rate would you suggest (QAA=Q=QBB)?)?What size syringe (volume) do you need for an experiment that What size syringe (volume) do you need for an experiment that

lasts 5lasts 5ττ??Challenge:Challenge: You need to purchase syringes for this experiment. You need to purchase syringes for this experiment.

High pressure syringes are expensive. What is the minimum High pressure syringes are expensive. What is the minimum pressure rating required for this application?pressure rating required for this application?

Probes that measure A, B, or AB

Smooth, square duct200 cm long

d = 0.3cm

A

B

Determinants of Cell SizeDeterminants of Cell Size

Why are cells so small?Why are cells so small?

What factors limit the ultimate size of cells?What factors limit the ultimate size of cells?

Effectiveness: Control vs. CBIEffectiveness: Control vs. CBI

-2

-1.5

-1

-0.5

0

0.5

1

1.5

2

Question Difficulty

Eff

ect

Siz

e

More DifficultLess Difficult

Average

CBI

Control

*

*p < 0.05

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*

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*

*

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* *** *