Design Your Business, Model Your Architecture

M L khMarc Lankhorst

Ghent, 1 July 2014

Marc Lankhorst

+31 6 44 092 359

m.lankhorst@bizzdesign.com

http://nl.linkedin.com/in/marclankhorst

http://blog.bizzdesign.com

htt // bi d i

• Service line manager Enterprise Architecture

http://www.bizzdesign.com

http://www.twitter.com/marclankhorst

• Service line manager Enterprise Architecture• Responsible for BiZZdesign’s EA proposition• Enterprise architect trainer coach project manager• Enterprise architect, trainer, coach, project manager• Manager of the original ArchiMate development project• TOGAF and ArchiMate certifiedTOGAF and ArchiMate certified

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BiZZdesign: Integrated Service Offeringg g g

Enterprise Architecture 

Business Modeling

Lean & Business Process 

Management Management 

Consulting servicesConsulting services

ToolingTooling

TrainingTraining

Best practicesBest practices

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BiZZdesign Worldwide: Offices and Partnersg

BiZZdesign officesOfficial BiZZdesign resellersOfficial BiZZdesign resellers

Let’s Get to Know Each Other!

Raise your hand:

• Who has not heard of ArchiMate before this event?• Who is using ArchiMate?Who is using ArchiMate?• Who is ArchiMate certified?• Who has ever attended a TOGAF training course?g• Who is TOGAF9 certified?• Who is a business or IT architect?• Who just discovered he or she is in the wrong room?….

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WHY ENTERPRISE ARCHITECTURE?WHY EA MODELING?WHY ARCHIMATE?

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Enterprise Architecture: B t St t d I l t tiBetween Strategy and Implementation

Successful organizations link their business strategy to their operations and create agility by effective and coherent usage of:coherent usage of: • explicit business strategy modelling• business model innovation• business model innovation• enterprise architecture• business process & business rule managementbusiness process & business rule management• data and system designs

Enterprise architecture is the linking pin between strategy and implementation

Enterprise Architecture: Realizing Strategyp g gy

Mission

Strategy

Vision

Goalsas is to be

Actionsenterprise architecture

solutionhit t

culture

people

leadership

architectures people

Operations peopleprocesses ITproducts…

The Problem…

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Architecture Models

• Use models to describe enterprise architectures

d l b h k d l d l d d• Models can be checked, visualized, analyzed, managed, integrated, transformed, interpreted, and sometimes even executedeven executed

• Needed: well founded practical and vendor• Needed: well‐founded, practical, and vendor‐independent standard for enterprise architecture modelingg

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ArchiMate

• A language to describe architectures

• A graphical notation with formal semanticsg p

• A framework that describes the business,

application and technology layersapplication, and technology layers

– With Relations between the layers

E t i f ti ti i l t ti & i ti• Extensions for motivation, implementation & migration

• Techniques for visualizations and analyses for different 

stakeholders

• An open standard maintained by The Open Group

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Positioning ArchiMateg

Business Model Canvas

Strategic ManagementHow do we position ourselves w.r.t. our environment?

Business Model CanvasFive Forces modelValue Chain modelSWOT AnalysisSWOT Analysis

Enterprise ArchitectureHow do we organize ourselves?

ArchiMate models

BPMN models

Design & ImplementationHow do we perform our business & IT efficiently?

BPMN modelsTDM modelsUML modelsERD d lERD models

History of ArchiMatey

2012 20132002 ‐ 2004 2009

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Requirements on the ArchiMate Languageq g g

ArchiMatelHigh level languageHigh‐level 

modelingwithin a Basis forwithin a domain

Basis forvisualizations

Modeling relations between domains

Basis foranalysesRelate to

standardsstandards

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Notation

• Most concepts have two notations:– IconIcon– Box with icon

• Sharp corners = structure• Rounded corners = behavior• Cut‐off corners = motivation

• Notation resembles UML and BPMN– to stay close to what architects already know

• Relations (arrows etc.) are also mostly taken from existing languages, with a few exceptions

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ArchiMate Core Framework

PassiveStructure

Behavior ActiveStructure

Layers

Business Layer

Application Layer

Technology Layer

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Aspects

Aspectsp

Behavior Element Active Structure ElementPassive Structure 

Element(the verb) (subject doing the action)

Element(object being acted on)

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Generic Structure at Each Layery

External

InternalInternal

Passive Behavior ActivePassivestructure

Behavior Activestructure

Si il h l k h lSimilar concepts at each layer make the language easier to learn and more consistent in use

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Services as Binding Conceptg p

External

Customer

Externalbusiness service

Internalbusiness service

Business

business service

ApplicationExternal

application service pp

Internalapplication service

Internalinfra service

Externalinfra. service Technology

infra. service

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Notation

• Most concepts have two notations:– IconIcon– Box with icon

• Sharp corners = structure• Rounded corners = behavior• Cut‐off corners = motivation

• Notation resembles UML and BPMN– to stay close to what architects already know

• Relations (arrows etc.) are also mostly taken from existing languages, with a few exceptions

20

ArchiMate Core Summaryyusiness

Bon

App

licatio

Aolog

yTechno

hPassive Structure Behavior Active structure

21

Layered View Exampley p

Business

A li tiApplication

Technologygy

22

Motivation Extension

23

Implementation & Migration Extensionp g

24

Passivestructure Behavior

Activestructure Motivation

usin

ess

Bn

App

licat

ion

Agy

Tech

nolo

gen

tatio

nra

tion

Impl

eme

& M

igr

ArchiMate and TOGAF: Complementary Standardsp y

• TOGAF: The Open Group Architecture FrameworkA hit t D l t M th d (ADM) id f– Architecture Development Method (ADM) provides a way of working 

– Methodical support, but no description techniquepp p q

• ArchiMate:– A description language

– But no prescribed way of working

• Ideal opportunity for combining forces!

26

TOGAF, ArchiMate Core and Extensions

M

,

Motivatio

Preliminary

TOGAF ADM

n

Business

AArchitecture

VisionB

Business

HArchitectureChange

ArchiMate Core

BusinessBusiness

R i t

Architecture

CInformation

gManagement

G

Architecture

ApplicationDataApplicationRequirements

Management

InformationSystems

Architectures

GImplementationGovernance

ApplicationArchitecture

DataArchitecture

TechnologyD

TechnologyArchitecture

FMigrationPlanning E

Opportunitiesand l

TechnologyArchitecture

Solutions

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STRATEGY MODELING

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Modeling at the Strategic Levelg g

• Stakeholders at the CxO level are not used to formal models

• But they do use techniques like:– Balanced Scorecard

– Business Model Canvas

– SWOT analysesSWOT analyses

– Five Forces model

– Operating models

– Value chain models

• These provide a starting point for your architecture effort– Give the motivation for architectural decisions

– And architecture provides feedback about feasibility of strategy: scenarios roadmaps etcscenarios, roadmaps, etc.

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Business Model Canvas as Front‐End for EA

VALUE CUSTOMER MARKETKEY KEY VALUE PROPOSITION

CUSTOMER RELATIONSHIPS

MARKETSEGMENTS

KEYPARTNERS

KEY ACTIVITIES

Processviews

DeliveryConcepts

KEYProduct/market/channel

Contextviews

Concepts

Processimprovement

CHANNELSKEY

RESOURCES viewsOrganisation

viewsCollaborationi Channel

views

Applicationviews

views ChannelMix‐views

REVENUE STREAMSCOST STRUCTURECost heatmaps

RevenueHeat maps

© Based on Business model generation, 2009, Alexander Osterwalder, Yves Pigneur. Graphic via http://www.businessmodelhub.com/

Business Model Canvas as Starting Pointg

• ‘Translate’ your business model into a starting point for architecture modeling 

Ki k t t th i l t ti b i li ti• Kick‐start the implementation: business, application, technology

SOLUTION ARCHITECTURE MODELING

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ArchiMate, UML & BPMN,

• ArchiMate connects architectural domainsB t d t f i l t ti d t il– But does not focus on implementation details

– Broader scope, but less detail than e.g. UML (software), BPMN (processes)(p )

– No replacement for these, but an ‘umbrella’ on top

• Several ArchiMate concepts derived from BPMN and UML– Easy to link to e.g. UML descriptions of detailed design or 

BPMN process modelsBPMN process models

• Example: UMLExample: UML

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Scope of ArchiMate and UML

Passive Active

p

Passive Structure Behavior

ActiveStructure Motivation

E t iEnterpriseArchitecture ArchiMate

SolutionArchitecture

Solution

UML

Design

34

ArchiMate Concepts Inspired by UMLp p y

ArchiMate UML

35

Integrationg

36

CONCLUSIONS

AND SOME TIPS….

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Architecture Modeling Should be Integrated… g g

• With the architecture processTOGAF ADM th– TOGAF ADM or any other

• With architecture and implementation governanceimplementation governance– Validate the models 

• With other modeling effortsWith other modeling efforts– Strategy, business models

– Process and rule models

– Software models

– …

38When using models, work from the perspective of 

stakeholders, products and deliverables!  

Big Architecture Drawings Make Nice Wallpapers…g g p p

39

… But I Would Rather Use a Tool…

40

… That Provides Different Views on a Model

P2

A2

S2

A2

F1

Repositoryp y

41

Consistent and Integrated Modeling…g g

• is a kind of knowledge management

h l d• helps to integrate various domains

• links vision to realization

• enables stakeholder‐specific view generation

• supports analyses, e.g. traceability

42Position ArchiMate as an umbrella language for integrated high‐level modeling and analyses over various domains

ArchiMate is Useful To...

• Bridge the gap between ‘free‐format’ strategy models and detailed solution architecture modelsand detailed solution architecture models

• Enhance communication 

M k d l l bl• Make models analyzable

• Have a common basis for more detailed modelingmore detailed modeling

43Relate your ArchiMate models to your operating model or 

business model when communicating to C‐level

ArchiMate is a Start ‐ Not an Endpointp

• Open standard is a “safe choice”

h k b ll• Think big, start small– There are many possible 

concepts and relationsconcepts and relations

– Select and learn

• Implementing ArchiMate means p ga change in how architects work – Takes time

– Communication

– Management support

44Consider the implementation of ArchiMate as a project… 

Include change management aspects

ArchiMate’s Active User Communityy

• ArchiMate Forum of The Open Grouphtt // hi t– http://www.archimate.org

• ArchiMate LinkedIn grouphttp://www linkedin com/groups/ArchiMate 50758– http://www.linkedin.com/groups/ArchiMate‐50758

– > 4700 members, exponential growth 

– Many lively discussions on y ypractical applications of the language, suggestions for improvement, etc.improvement, etc.

45Interested?

Join the community!

Questions?Q

Dr.ir. Marc M. LankhorstService line manager Enterprise ArchitectureService line manager Enterprise Architecturem.lankhorst@bizzdesign.com+31 644 092 35931 644 092 359

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