ARAVIND EYE CARE SYSTEMAravind Eye Hospital

& Postgraduate Institute of Ophthalmology

ARAVIND EYE CARE SYSTEMAravind Eye Hospital

& Postgraduate Institute of Ophthalmology

DEPARTMENT OF HOUSEKEEPINGDEPARTMENT OF HOUSEKEEPING

Maintaining a floorMaintaining a floor

StainsStainsFloor stainFloor stain Floors that are used every day such as in Floors that are used every day such as in

rooms, corridors, stairs, bathrooms and toilets rooms, corridors, stairs, bathrooms and toilets tend to get heavily stainedtend to get heavily stained

Simple stainsSimple stains Simple stains are dust, soil, foot prints, betel Simple stains are dust, soil, foot prints, betel

juice and salt stainsjuice and salt stains

Simple spills such as tea, coffee or oil are easy Simple spills such as tea, coffee or oil are easy to remove, if not cleaned quickly can to remove, if not cleaned quickly can accumulate dust and leave stubborn stainsaccumulate dust and leave stubborn stains

Avoid unnecessary work by removing stains and Avoid unnecessary work by removing stains and spills at the earliest possible stagespills at the earliest possible stage

Tough stainsTough stains Petrol, oil and diesel leaks from vehicles Petrol, oil and diesel leaks from vehicles

Thick stains such as tar and chewing gums should be Thick stains such as tar and chewing gums should be removed immediately by scrubbing towards the centre of removed immediately by scrubbing towards the centre of the stain to prevent the stain from spreadingthe stain to prevent the stain from spreading

Methods to remove stainsMethods to remove stains Two methods to remove floor stains are 1. By hand and Two methods to remove floor stains are 1. By hand and

2. By machine2. By machine

Stains in smaller areas can be removed by hand, while Stains in smaller areas can be removed by hand, while very tough stains, or stains in large areas can be very tough stains, or stains in large areas can be removed using a machineremoved using a machine

Equipment and suppliesEquipment and supplies- Small wooden brush- Small wooden brush- Cleaning agent- Cleaning agent- Swabbing cloth- Swabbing cloth- Multi – action mop- Multi – action mop- Buckets – 2nos- Buckets – 2nos- Water- Water

Method of removing floor stains by handMethod of removing floor stains by hand Fill one bucket with a solution using the cleaning Fill one bucket with a solution using the cleaning

agent and the other bucket with clean wateragent and the other bucket with clean water

Sweep the floor, sprinkle the soap solution and Sweep the floor, sprinkle the soap solution and scrub with a small wooden brushscrub with a small wooden brush

Brush out all the stainsBrush out all the stains

Mop – up the excess water with the multi-action mopMop – up the excess water with the multi-action mop

Wipe dry with the swabbing clothWipe dry with the swabbing cloth

Rinse the cloth in the bucket of clean water and wipe againRinse the cloth in the bucket of clean water and wipe again

There should be no marks or patchesThere should be no marks or patches

Removing the stain with a machineRemoving the stain with a machine Stains on the floor can be removed using an electric polishing Stains on the floor can be removed using an electric polishing

machinemachine

It can be used only once in six monthsIt can be used only once in six months

The machine has different brushes for removing the stains The machine has different brushes for removing the stains and for floor polishingand for floor polishing

Stains should be removed before the floor is waxed and Stains should be removed before the floor is waxed and polished, so ensure that the right brush is attached before polished, so ensure that the right brush is attached before beginning each taskbeginning each task

Equipment and suppliesEquipment and supplies

- A stain removing machine- A stain removing machine

- A bucket- A bucket

- Cleaning agent- Cleaning agent

- Multi – action mop- Multi – action mop

- Swabbing cloth- Swabbing cloth

- Water- Water

Method of removing floor stains using a machineMethod of removing floor stains using a machine Form a solution using the cleaning agent in the bucketForm a solution using the cleaning agent in the bucket

Clean the floor thoroughlyClean the floor thoroughly

Divide the floor on which the stains have to be removed into small portionsDivide the floor on which the stains have to be removed into small portions

Sprinkle a portion with a cleaning solutionSprinkle a portion with a cleaning solution

Attach the brush used for removing stains, to the machineAttach the brush used for removing stains, to the machine

Use the machine to remove the stainUse the machine to remove the stain

Remove excess water using the multi – action mopRemove excess water using the multi – action mop

Wipe the area dry with a swabbing clothWipe the area dry with a swabbing cloth

There should be no patches or marksThere should be no patches or marks

In order to keep the machine in good conditionIn order to keep the machine in good conditionDosDos Keep the machine erect so that the brushes do Keep the machine erect so that the brushes do

not touch the floor when the machine is not in not touch the floor when the machine is not in useuse

Change the direction of the brushes every 15 Change the direction of the brushes every 15 minutes when using the machineminutes when using the machine

Check if there is enough electric supply to Check if there is enough electric supply to function the machinefunction the machine

Use the cleaning agent prescribed for the Use the cleaning agent prescribed for the machinemachine

Don’tDon’t Use cleaning agents that cause excess lather or that Use cleaning agents that cause excess lather or that

have high acid contenthave high acid content

Use cable wire exceeding 20 m in lengthUse cable wire exceeding 20 m in length

Use a brush that is worn out. Change it immediatelyUse a brush that is worn out. Change it immediately

Change the direction of the brushes more than 4-5 times Change the direction of the brushes more than 4-5 times in an hour. The motor may burn out due to excess heatin an hour. The motor may burn out due to excess heat

The following points should be remembered before using The following points should be remembered before using the stain-removing machinethe stain-removing machine

Switch on the machineSwitch on the machine

Check if the indicator light is on and whether it goes off Check if the indicator light is on and whether it goes off automatically after 5 secondsautomatically after 5 seconds

If the indicator light does not come on immediately when the If the indicator light does not come on immediately when the machine is switched on look into the matter promptly by machine is switched on look into the matter promptly by calling the electriciancalling the electrician

If the indicator light does not go off after 5 seconds switch off If the indicator light does not go off after 5 seconds switch off the motor for one minute and switch it on againthe motor for one minute and switch it on again

If the light still does not function properly, check the If the light still does not function properly, check the centrifugal switch to see if there is a fault in the switch centrifugal switch to see if there is a fault in the switch

Method of changing the brushesMethod of changing the brushes All these brushes should be changed at the same time. If any All these brushes should be changed at the same time. If any

one brush is damaged, change all the 3 brushesone brush is damaged, change all the 3 brushes

The machine should always be kept erect so that the brushes The machine should always be kept erect so that the brushes do not touch the floordo not touch the floor

Slowly pull the brushes out at a time, using both handsSlowly pull the brushes out at a time, using both hands

Fix new brushes to the spokes in the wooden frameFix new brushes to the spokes in the wooden frame

The brushes can be used until the nylon bristles are 10 – The brushes can be used until the nylon bristles are 10 – 12mm in length12mm in length

The direction in which the brushes rotate should be changed The direction in which the brushes rotate should be changed every 15 minutesevery 15 minutes

Points to be remembered when changing the Points to be remembered when changing the direction of rotation of the brushesdirection of rotation of the brushes

The same switch is used to turn on the The same switch is used to turn on the machine and change the direction of rotation machine and change the direction of rotation of the brushesof the brushes

Turn off the switch and wait for the brushes to Turn off the switch and wait for the brushes to stop rotatingstop rotating

Switch on the machine again and the brushes Switch on the machine again and the brushes will rotate in the opposite directionwill rotate in the opposite direction

Cleaning different types of stainsCleaning different types of stains The different stains are fringe, salt ,stains on The different stains are fringe, salt ,stains on

stairway & stains on tilesstairway & stains on tiles

Fringe stains:Fringe stains: When swabbing a room or a corridor, the dirt gets When swabbing a room or a corridor, the dirt gets

deposited at the fringes and the sides of the wallsdeposited at the fringes and the sides of the walls

Fringe stains are formed in places between the Fringe stains are formed in places between the walls and the floor by the accumulation of dirtwalls and the floor by the accumulation of dirt

The work of removing fringe stains should be The work of removing fringe stains should be done weeklydone weekly

Equipment and suppliesEquipment and supplies

- Cleaning agent- Cleaning agent

- Scrubber- Scrubber

- Swabbing cloth- Swabbing cloth

- Water- Water

- Buckets – 2 nos- Buckets – 2 nos

Method of cleaning fringe stainsMethod of cleaning fringe stains Form a solution with the cleaning agent in the bucketForm a solution with the cleaning agent in the bucket

Using a spray bottle, spray the solution in the edges that are to Using a spray bottle, spray the solution in the edges that are to be cleanedbe cleaned

Thoroughly scrub the narrow line between the wall and the floor Thoroughly scrub the narrow line between the wall and the floor with the scrubberwith the scrubber

The dirty water that results from this The dirty water that results from this scrubbing should be wiped carefully with a scrubbing should be wiped carefully with a swabbing clothswabbing cloth

Rinse the cloth in the bucket of clean water Rinse the cloth in the bucket of clean water and wipe againand wipe again

Repeat this process until the edges are Repeat this process until the edges are sparkling cleansparkling clean

The edges should be spotlessly cleanThe edges should be spotlessly clean

Stains on the stairwayStains on the stairwayEquipment and suppliesEquipment and supplies

- Scrubber- Scrubber- Cleaning agent- Cleaning agent- Swabbing cloth- Swabbing cloth- Buckets – 2 nos- Buckets – 2 nos- Water- Water

Method of cleaning stains on the stairwayMethod of cleaning stains on the stairway Form a solution with the cleaning agent in the bucketForm a solution with the cleaning agent in the bucket

Put up a sign both at the top and at the bottom of the Put up a sign both at the top and at the bottom of the stairs sayingstairs saying

““Caution: the stairs are being washed, Inconvenience is Caution: the stairs are being washed, Inconvenience is regretted”regretted”

The stairs are used frequently, so it would be best to The stairs are used frequently, so it would be best to first work on the left of the steps and then on the first work on the left of the steps and then on the right, so that people may continue to use the stairs right, so that people may continue to use the stairs even when the work is in progresseven when the work is in progress

Sweep the stairs clean, and start the stain removing Sweep the stairs clean, and start the stain removing from the top of the stairsfrom the top of the stairs

Wipe the scrubbed portion with a swabbing cloth Wipe the scrubbed portion with a swabbing cloth rinsed in clean waterrinsed in clean water

The stairs should appear bright and cleanThe stairs should appear bright and clean

Salt stainsSalt stains Salt stains are white salt deposits from hard water that Salt stains are white salt deposits from hard water that

are difficult to removeare difficult to remove

These stains are common in bathrooms or on items like These stains are common in bathrooms or on items like buckets and cups, which hold water for long periodsbuckets and cups, which hold water for long periods

Scrubbing with an ordinary cleaning agent canScrubbing with an ordinary cleaning agent can remove the stains to some extentremove the stains to some extent

Stain removing stones or polish stones is used to remove Stain removing stones or polish stones is used to remove these stains completelythese stains completely

Special measures should be taken when dealing with Special measures should be taken when dealing with marble, since marble is a relatively soft materialmarble, since marble is a relatively soft material

Cleaning with a smooth stone or a non-Cleaning with a smooth stone or a non-acidic liquid will avoid marble damageacidic liquid will avoid marble damage

In toilet bowls, use “Harpic” to remove salt In toilet bowls, use “Harpic” to remove salt stainsstains

Then scrub the bowl with “Harpic” and Then scrub the bowl with “Harpic” and leave it for 30 minutes.leave it for 30 minutes.

Flush the toilet and the stains will disappearFlush the toilet and the stains will disappear

Stains on tilesStains on tiles

Salt water, soap water or dirty water form stains on Salt water, soap water or dirty water form stains on tiles and to prevent stains, the tiles should be tiles and to prevent stains, the tiles should be regularly washed with soapregularly washed with soap

Equipments and suppliesEquipments and supplies

- Cleaning agent- Cleaning agent

- A sponge- A sponge

- A bucket- A bucket

- Water- Water

- Swabbing cloth – 2 nos- Swabbing cloth – 2 nos

Method of removing stains from tilesMethod of removing stains from tiles Make a solution with the cleaning agent Make a solution with the cleaning agent

Dip the sponge in the solution and squeeze out the excess Dip the sponge in the solution and squeeze out the excess liquidliquid

To prevent scratches wipe the tile with the sponge, starting To prevent scratches wipe the tile with the sponge, starting from the top and working towards the bottomfrom the top and working towards the bottom

Wash the tiles with clean waterWash the tiles with clean water

Wipe the tiles with a clean wet clothWipe the tiles with a clean wet cloth

Wipe again with a clean dry clothWipe again with a clean dry cloth

Tiles that are washed well will be shinning clean discardTiles that are washed well will be shinning clean discard

Polishing the floorPolishing the floor Two types of floors are rough and smoothTwo types of floors are rough and smooth

Rough materials such as cement do not need polishingRough materials such as cement do not need polishing

Smooth materials such as cuddapah, mosaic, marble and Smooth materials such as cuddapah, mosaic, marble and tiles need to be polished at least once a yeartiles need to be polished at least once a year

Although floors are cleaned and swabbed several times a Although floors are cleaned and swabbed several times a day, waxing and polishing provides protective covering and day, waxing and polishing provides protective covering and added shine, and that cannot be achieved regular cleaningadded shine, and that cannot be achieved regular cleaning

Select carefully the polishing method because the faulty Select carefully the polishing method because the faulty method will result in permanent damage method will result in permanent damage

Equipments and suppliesEquipments and supplies- White mansion polish- White mansion polish- Wax- Wax- Petrol- Petrol- Cotton cloth – 2 nos- Cotton cloth – 2 nos- Small bucket- Small bucket- Small mug- Small mug- Polishing machine- Polishing machine

Method of polishing a waxMethod of polishing a wax Put up a notice, requesting people not to use the area and apologize Put up a notice, requesting people not to use the area and apologize

for the inconveniencefor the inconvenience

Divide the area to be polished into smaller portionsDivide the area to be polished into smaller portions

Sweep and clean one such portion thoroughlySweep and clean one such portion thoroughly Remove the stainsRemove the stains

Check the condition of the polishing machineCheck the condition of the polishing machine

To make a wax mixture, mix the required quantity of white wax To make a wax mixture, mix the required quantity of white wax and petrol in a bucket to form a smooth paste. and petrol in a bucket to form a smooth paste.

The petrol allows for an easy application of wax on the floor, and The petrol allows for an easy application of wax on the floor, and gives the floor a good shinegives the floor a good shine

Pour a little wax mixture into the small cup. Apply the wax in small Pour a little wax mixture into the small cup. Apply the wax in small circular motions with a clothcircular motions with a cloth

Leave this polish for 30 minutesLeave this polish for 30 minutes

Operate the machine on this areaOperate the machine on this area

The direction of the brushes should be changed every 5 minutesThe direction of the brushes should be changed every 5 minutes

Every 30 minutes, turn off the machine for 15 minutes and Every 30 minutes, turn off the machine for 15 minutes and allow the motor to cool downallow the motor to cool down

Do not allow anyone to walk over this area for at least 6 Do not allow anyone to walk over this area for at least 6 hrshrs

Repeat this process until the entire area has been waxedRepeat this process until the entire area has been waxed

Clean and wipe the machine after useClean and wipe the machine after use

Store the machine in a vertical positionStore the machine in a vertical position

If waxing is done properly the floor will always appear like If waxing is done properly the floor will always appear like newnew

Machine maintenanceMachine maintenance After the work is completed, the machine should be After the work is completed, the machine should be

in an upright position to avoid the damagein an upright position to avoid the damage

Clean the bristles thoroughly with a cloth dipped in Clean the bristles thoroughly with a cloth dipped in kerosene stuckkerosene stuck

If this is not done, leftover wax and polish will clump If this is not done, leftover wax and polish will clump the bristles together and brush will have to be the bristles together and brush will have to be changedchanged

Store the equipment and materials in a safe placeStore the equipment and materials in a safe place

Methods of maintaining different types of Methods of maintaining different types of flooringflooring

FloorsFloors made of non-porous material are made of non-porous material are termed as “sealed floor”, and those made of termed as “sealed floor”, and those made of porous material are “unsealed floors”porous material are “unsealed floors”