department of chemical engineering course diary · 2016. 2. 27. · 4. sugar and starch industries:...

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CCHHEEMM II CCAALL EENNGGII NNEEEERRII NNGG

CCOOUURRSSEE DDII AARRYY (ACADEMIC YEAR 2011-12)

VV SSEEMM EESSTTEERR Name : _____________________________________________ USN : _____________________________________________ Semester & Section : _____________________________________________

The Mission

“The mission of our institutions is to provide

world class education in our chosen fields and

prepare people of character, caliber and vision

to build the future world”

DEPT. OF CHEMICAL ENGG. V SEMESTER COURSE DIARY

MVJCE 2

06AL51 – MANAGEMENT & ENTREPRENEURSHIP


MVJCE 3

SYLLABUS

Hours / Week: 4 I A Marks: 25 Exam Hours: 3 Exam Marks: 100

PART-A Unit-I

Management: Introduction: Meaning-Nature and characteristics of management, scope and functional areas of management- management as a science, art or profession- management and administration-roles of management, levels of management, development of management thought – early management approaches- modern management approaches. 07 hrs Unit-II Planning: Nature, importance and purpose of planning process – Objectives – Types of plans (Meaning only) – Decision making – Importance of planning– Stes in planning & planning premises – Hierarchy of plans. 06 hrs Unit-III Organising and Staffing: Nature and purpose of organization – Principles of organization – Types of organization – Departmentation – Committees – Centralization VsDecentralization of authority and responsibility – Span of control – MBO and MBE(Meaning only) Nature and importance of Staffing – Process of Selection & Recruitment (in brief). 07 hrs

Unit IV Directing & Controlling: Meaning and nature of directing – Leadership styles, MotivationTheories, Communication – Meaning and importance – Coordination,meaning and importance and Techniques of Co – ordination.Meaning and steps in controlling – Essentials of a sound control system –Methods of establishing control (in brief). 06 hrs

PART-B Unit-V Entrepreneur: Meaning of entrepreneur ; Evolution of the concept, Functions of an Entrepreneur, types of Entrepreneur, intrapreneur – an emerging class. Concept of Entrepreneurship – Evolution of Entrepreneurship, Development of Entrepreneurship. 06 hrs Unit-VI Small Scale Industry: Definition; Characteristics; Need and rationale: Scope; role of SSI in Economic Development. Advantages of SSI. Steps to Start and SSI – Government policy towards SSI; Different policies of SSI; Government support for SSI during 5 year plans. Impact of Liberalization, Privatisation, Globalization on SSI. Effect of WTO/GATT Supporting Agencies of Government for SSI, Meaning; Nature of Support; Objectives; Functions; Types of Help; Ancillary Industry and Tiny Industry ( Definition only). 06 hrs Unit- VII Institutional Support: Different Schemes; TECKSOK; KIADB; KSSICE; KSIMC;DIC Single Window Agency: SISI; NSIC; SIDBI; KSFC. 08 hrs


MVJCE 4

Unit-VIII Preparation of project: Meaning of project; Project Identification; Project Selection; Project Report; Need and Significance of Report; Contents; formulation; Guidelines by planning Commission Identification of Business Oppurtunities: Market Feasibility Study; Technical Feasibility Study; Financial Feasibility Study & Social Feasibility Study. 06 hrs Textbooks:

1. Principles of management- P.C.Tripathi, P.N.Reddy; Tata McGraw Hill ( Chapters 1,2,3,4,5,14,15,16,17)

2. Dynamics of Entrepreneurial Development and Management – Vansant Desai – Himalaya publishing home – ( Chapters 1,2,4,6,8,9,10,13,15,16,17,18,19,20,21,22,42,46,47)

3. Entrepreneurship Development – small Business Enterprises – Poornima M Charantimath – person Education – 2006 ( 2&4).

Reference Books:

1. Management fundamentals – concepts, applications, skill development – Robert Lusier – Thomson – ( Chapter 1,4,12).

2. Entrepreneurship Development – S.S.Khanka – S Chand & Co. ( Chapters 1,2,5,11,12,13,16,18,20).

3. Management – Stephen Robbins – Pearson Education/ PHI – 17th edition 2003.


MVJCE 5

LESSON PLAN

Hours / Week: 04 I.A. Marks: 25 Total Hours: 52

Hour. No Topics to be covered

01 Introduction: Meaning-Nature and characteristics of management. 02 Scope and functional areas of management. 03 Management as a science, art or profession- management and administration . 04 Roles of management & levels of management 05 Development of management thought 06 Early management approaches. 07 Modern management approaches. 08 Nature, importance and purpose of planning process 09 Objectives & Types of plans 10 Decision making. 11 Importance of planning . 12 Steps in planning & planning premises. 13 Hierarchy of plans. 14 Nature and purpose of organization 15 Principles of organization 16 Types of organization – Departmentation – Committees 17 Centralization VsDecentralization of authority and responsibility 18 Span of control – MBO and MBE 19 Nature and importance of Staffing 20 Process of Selection & Recruitment 21 Meaning and nature of directing – Leadership styles 22 MotivationTheories, Communication – Meaning and importance 23 Coordination,meaning and importance and Techniques of Coordination 24 Meaning and steps in controlling 25 Essentials of a sound control system 26 Methods of establishing control. 27 Meaning of entrepreneur; Evolution of the concept 28 Functions of an Entrepreneur 29 Types of Entrepreneur, intrapreneur – an emerging class. 30 Concept of Entrepreneurship


MVJCE 6


31 Evolution of Entrepreneurship 32 Development of Entrepreneurship 33 Definition; Characteristics; Need and rationale: Scope; role of SSI in Economic

Development 34 Advantages of SSI. Steps to Start and SSI – Government policy towards SSI;

Different policies of SSI. 35 Government support for SSI during 5 year plans. 36 Impact of Liberalization, Privatisation, Globalization on SSI. Effect of

WTO/GATT Supporting Agencies of Government for SSI 37 Meaning; Nature of Support; Objectives & Functions 38 Types of Help; Ancillary Industry and Tiny Industry

39 Different Schemes; TECKSOK 40 KIADB 41 KSSICE 42 KSIMC 43 DIC 44 SISI Single Window agency 45 NSIC Single Window agency 46 SIDBI& KSFC Single Window agency 47 Meaning of project; Project Identification 48 Project Selection; Project Report 49 Need and Significance of Report, Contents& formulation; 50 Guidelines by planning Commission Identification of Business Opportunities 51 Market Feasibility Study; Technical Feasibility Study. 52 Financial Feasibility Study & Social Feasibility Study.


MVJCE 7

06CH52 – CHEMICAL TECHNOLOGY – II


MVJCE 8

SYLLABUS


PART-A 1. Coal Chemicals: Classification of coals, Destructive distillation of coal, coking of coal,

Coal tar distillation and Chemicals from coal. 06 hrs 2. Oils, Fats and waxes: Vegetable and animal oils and fats, Extraction of vegetable oils,

Refining of edible oils, Hydrogenation of oils, Waxes and their applications,Soaps and detergents, theory of detergency, micellar concentrations, manufacture of soaps & heavy – duty detergents, linear alkyl benzenes ( LABs) 08 hrs

3. Pulp and Paper: Raw materials, Manufacture of pulp and paper and structural boards,

effluent treatment appropriate for pulp and paper industries. 06hrs 4. Sugar and starch industries: Production of cane sugar, chemistry of starch. Manufacture of

industrial starch and its applications. 06 hrs

PART-B

5. Fermentation Industries: Production of alcohol, Manufacture of beer, Wines and liquors, Acetic acid and citric acid by fermentation 06 hrs

6. Petroleum Industries: Origin and classification. petroleum refining and processing. 07 hrs 7. Petrochemicals : LPG, CNG, LNG, Technologies, methane, propylene, benzene 06 hrs 8. Polymers and rubbers: Macromolecules, polymerization PVC, LDPE, Polypropylene,

cross-linked polymers, UF and PF, Natural rubber, Synthetic rubber, Rubber compounding 06 hrs

Text Books: 1. George T Austin : Shreve’s chemical process industries, Mc Graw International Ltd(Vth

edition) (1984) 2. Gopal Rao M and Marshall Sittig: Dryden’s Outlines Of Chemical Technology (3rd

edition), East-West Press(1997). Reference Books: 1. Shukla S.D. & Pandey G.N. : Text Books of Chemical technology,Vol.2 ,Vikas Publishing

House Pvt Ltd, New Delhi (1979). 2. Chemtech III, Chemical Engineering Education Development Center, IIT Madras (1977). 3. Chemtech IV, Chemical Engineering Education Development Center, IIT Madras (1979). 4. Kent, A. J: Riegel’s Handbook of Industrial chemistry, Van No strand- Reinhold, New

York, (1974). 5. Faith, W. L Etal , Industrial chemicals, 3rd edition., John Willey, (1965).


MVJCE 9

LESSON PLAN



01 Introduction to coal. 02 The destructive distillation of coal, chemicals from coal. 03 Coking of coal, recovery of coal chemicals, low temperature carbonization. 04 Distillation of coal tar, methods of distillation, products of distillation. 05 Miscellaneous uses of coal tar, fractionation and purification of coal tar chemicals. 06 Coal to chemicals, hydrogenolysis. 07 Extraction of vegetable oils: cottonseed oil-flow chart of manufacturing process of

cottonseed oil. Process description of manufacturing process of cottonseed oil. 08 Flow chart of extraction of soyabean and Process description of manufacturing

process of soyabean oil. 09 Processing of oils, other vegetable oils, and hydrogenation process. 10 Animal fats and oils, neats foot oil, whale, cod liver oil, fish oil, lard, waxes and

their applications. 11 Processing isomerisation reactions, flow chart for continuous processing of edible

oils either vegetable or animal including bleaching, hydrogenation and deodourising.

12 Flow chart for continuous production of lard by direct inter esterification. 13 Introduction to soap and detergents, raw materials, surfactants, classification. 14 Biodegradability, fatty acids and fatty alcohols manufacture. 15 Fatty alcohols from methyl esters. 16 Suds regulators, builders, additives. 17 Manufacture of detergents. 18 Soap, raw- materials, manufacture, typical soaps. 19 Glycerin manufacture. 20 Synthetic glycerin. 21 Manufacture of pulp, raw materials, pulp processes comparison of three types of

chemical pulp. 22 Flow chart of manufacturing process of pulp by Kraft process and Process

description for manufacturing process of pulp by Kraft process. 23 Recovery of black liquor. 24 Flow chart of manufacturing of pulp by sulphite process and process description. 25 Manufacture of paper-wet process by four-drinier machine. 26 Manufacturing process of structural board. 27 Introduction to sugar history, uses and economics. 28 Manufacture of sugar: flow chart of manufacturing process of sugar. 29 Process description for manufacturing process of sugar. 30 Refining of sugar.


MVJCE 10


31 Decolorization char filtration 32 Flow chart for manufacturing process of beat sugar.. 33 Process description for manufacturing process of beet sugar. 34 Starch and related products. 35 Industrial alcohol uses and economics flow sheet for making industrial alcohol

and description. 36 Flow chart for manufacturing process of beer and Process description. 37 Flow chart for manufacturing process of distilled liquor. 38 Process description for manufacturing process of distilled liquor. 39 Flow chart for manufacturing process of citric acid. 40 Process description for manufacturing process of Citric acid. Lactic acid:

Miscellaneous compounds like monosodium glutamate, lysine, dihydroxy acetone, and enzymes.

41 Constituents of crude petroleum. 42 Processing and refining of petroleum. 43 Cracking of petroleum 44 Reforming of petroleum. 45 Macromolecules, Polymerization PVC. 46 Manufacture of low-density polyethylene by high pressure processing. 47 Manufacturing process of polypropylene. 48 Urea formaldehyde and PF 49 Description of natural rubber 50 Flow chart for the production of styrene butadiene rubber. 51 Process description of the manufacturing process of styrene butadiene rubber. 52 Compounding of rubber


MVJCE 11

QUESTION BANK

01 Write a note on classification of coal. 02 With a neat flow diagram describe the process for high temperature carbonization of coal

to produce coke and other coal chemicals:(i) Physicochemical principles (ii) Unit process and operations

03 With the neat flow diagram, describe the process for coal tar distillation with the following details: (i) Unit processes (ii) Unit operations

04 Describe the process for coking of coal with the following details. i. Flow diagram ii. Physiochemical principles iii. Unit operations

05 Write a note on: i. Nature of coal ii. Occurrence of coal iii. Mining of coal iv. Uses of coal

06 With a neat flow sheet describe Coking of coal. 07 With neat sketch discuss the construction and working of coal gasifier. 08 Explain Hydrogenation of coal. 09 With a suitable example for each explain the following briefly: a) Fat splitting b)

Esterification c) Extraction d) refining 10 Explain any two processes of fat splitting. 11 What are the characteristics of hydrogenated fats. 12 Describe the various types of catalysts employed in hydrogenation and their

characteristics. 13 Explain a process for the preparation of catalyst for hydrogenation process. 14 List out saturated and unsaturated fatty acids. 15 Differentiate oils, fats and waxes. 16 Describe the manufacture of vegetable oil by solvent extraction method. 17 Describe how vegetable oil is extracted from groundnut seeds. Indicate the major

engineering problems involved. 18 With a neat flow sheet explain how hydrogenation of oil is done. 19 Define waxes. What are the different sources from which waxes are obtained. Explain

briefly. 20 Describing the refining of oils with the following details: i) Flow diagram (ii) Unit

operations, (iii) Reagents used for purification 21 Describe the construction and working of Hydrogenator equipment used in the

manufacture of hydrogenated vegetable oil 22 Explain the manufacture of glycerin. 23 What are the various uses of glycerin? 24 Describe the manufacture of Dodecyl benzene. 25 Compare Soaps and detergents. 26 Define Biodegradable and Bio-hard detergents. 27 Classify the soap products. 28 Describe how soap is made from coconut oil. 29 Explain the process of manufacture of LAB with the following details: (i) Flow diagram

(ii) Unit processes (iii) Major Engineering problems (MEP) 30 Write a note on eco friendly detergents


MVJCE 12

31 Describe the different pulping methods briefly. 32 Describe briefly manufacture of paper from pulp. 33 Why digestion should be employed in paper industries. 34 What are the process conditions for digestion in sulphate and sulphite pulping. 35 What are the raw materials in paper manufacturing? List both organic and inorganic. 36 How are the various streams treated in pulp plant. 37 With a neat flow sheet explain how chemical is recovered from sulphate pulp digestion

liquor. 38 Classify the paper products and give suitable example. 39 Describe with a neat flow diagram the manufacture of pulp by Krafts process. 40 What is black liquor? How this is disposed of in paper and pulp industry. 41 Describe with the help of neat flow sheet manufacture of sugar from sugar cane

highlighting the various unit operations. 42 Write short notes on a) Refining of sugar b) Decolorization char filtration. 43 With a neat flow sheet explain how starch is produced from maize. 44 Write a brief note on Dextrin. 45 With a neat flow sheet describe the manufacture of Dextrin. 46 With a neat flow sheet describe the manufacture of beet sugar. 47 Discuss starch and the related products. 48 Describe large-scale process for obtaining industrial alcohol. 49 What is denatured alcohol? 50 Explain with a neat flow sheet the manufacture of ethyl alcohol from molasses. 51 Define fermentation. Discuss the fundamentals of fermentation. 52 What is the importance of fermentation as a unit process, Discuss? 53 How citric acid is manufactured from fermentation process. 54 Write short notes on Aerobic ferment or. 55 Explain with a neat flow sheet the manufacture of distilled liquor. 56 Explain with a neat flow sheet the manufacture of beer. 57 Write short notes on beer, wines and distilled liquor. 58 Explain the manufacture of acetic acid 59 What are the constituents of crude petroleum? 60 With a neat flow diagram describe the process for refining of petroleum with the

following details: i. Unit operations and processes ii. Anti knocking used for petroleum 61 Describe the industrial applications of products from refined petroleum. 62 List out four unit processes and four unit operations involved in refining of crude

petroleum 63 Enumerate various products obtainable from petroleum fractionation with their broad

classification. 64 Write a note on: i) Petroleum refinery products, ii) Pyrolysis and cracking, iii) Reforming 65 Distinguish between thermoplastics and thermosetting plastics with example. 66 Distinguish between natural and synthetic rubber. 67 Describe the curing of rubber. 68 Describe the manufacture of Phenol formaldehyde resin. What are the uses of this. 69 What are the raw materials used for the production of Styrene, Butadiene Rubber. 70 With the help of a neat flow sheet explain the manufacture of Styrene, Butadiene Rubber. 71 What is vulcanization of rubber. 72 Describe the manufacture of HDPE and LDPE. 73 Describe the manufacture of Polystyrene. 74 Describe the following by giving neat flow charts: i. Poly vinyl chloride, ii. Urea

formaldehyde, iii. Poly styrene


MVJCE 13

06CH53 – CHEMICAL REACTION ENGINEERING – I


MVJCE 14

SYLLABUS CHEMICAL REACTION ENGINEERING – I

Subject Code :06CH53

IA Marks : 25

No. of Lecture Hours/Week

: 04 Exam Hours : 03

Total No. of Lecture Hours

: 52 Exam Marks : 100

PART - A UNIT - 1

INTRODUCTION: Scope of Chemical Reaction Engineering. Classification of reactions. Rate equation and rate of reaction. Factors affecting rate of reaction. Chemical kinetics and Thermodynamics Equilibrium. Temperature dependency of rate constant from Arrhenius, Collision and Transition state theories. Molecularity and order of reaction. 6 Hours

UNIT - 2

NON-ELEMENTARY REACTIONS: Difference between elementary and non-elementary reactions. Kinetic models and mechanisms for non-elementary reactions. Types of reactors. 6 Hours

UNIT - 3 HOMOGENEOUS REACTIONS: Interpretation of batch reactor data. Constant & Variable Volume batch reactor. Analysis : Differential method, Integral method, half-life method. Method of excess and method of isolation (For Reverssible and Irriversibale reactions up to second order). Autocatalytic reactions. 7 Hours

UNIT - 4

DESIGN OF IDEAL REACTORS: Concept of ideality. Development of design equations for batch, tubular and stirred tank reactors for both constant and variable volume reactions. Evaluation of rate equations from data obtained in these reactors. 7 Hours

PART - B UNIT - 5

COMPARISON OF IDEAL REACTORS: General graphical comparison. MULTIPLE REACTOR SYSTEMS: Plug flow and/or Mixed flow reactors in Series, parallel and series parallel. Reactors of different types and sizes in series. 6 Hours

UNIT - 6

DESIGN OF REACTORS FOR MULTIPLE REACTIONS: Design of Batch reactor, Plug and Mixed flow reactors for Parallel, Series and Series-Parallel reactions (Only irreversible reactions must be considered). 7 Hours

UNIT - 7 NON-ISOTHERMAL REACTORS: Introduction, Material, Energy balances and conversions.

6 Hours UNIT - 8

ANALYSIS OF NON ISOTHERMAL REACTOR: Design procedure (For single/ simple reactions only). Optimum temperature Progression. 7 Hours TEXT BOOKS:

1. Chemical Reaction Engineering - Octave Levenspeil, 3rd edition, John Wiley & Sons, 2001. 2. Elements of Chemical Reaction Engineering - H. Scott Fogler, 3rd edition, Prentice Hall

2001.

REFERENCE BOOK: REFERENCE BOOK: REFERENCE BOOK: REFERENCE BOOK: 1. Chemical Engineering Kinetics - J.M. Smith, 3rd Edition, McGraw Hill, 1984.


MVJCE 15

LESSON PLAN



01 Scope of Chemical Reaction Engineering 02 Classification of reactions. Homogeneous& heterogeneous reaction, single &

multiple reaction. 03 Rate equation and rate of reaction. Factors affecting rate of reaction 04 Chemical kinetics and Thermodynamics Equilibrium 05 Temperature dependency of rate constant from Arrhenius, Collision 06 Transition complex theory, activated complex formation concept of slow reaction. 07 Problems on temperature dependency of rate constant. 08 Order of a reaction, molecularity of a reaction rate on reaction conditions. 09 Diffrence between elementary reactions, non-elementary reaction, 10 Kinetics model for non-elementary reactions,. 11 Derivation of rate expression for non-elementary reactions for the mechanism of

reaction 12 Problems on kinetic model for non-elementary reactions. 13 Problems on kinetic model for non-elementary reactions. 14 Problems on kinetic model for non-elementary reactions. 15 Analysis of batch reactor date, -rA = -dCA/dt constant volume reaction analysis of

total pressure data. 16 Integral methods of analysis. To determine the rate expression from experimental

data, first order irreversible reaction, problems. 17 Rate expression for second order, irreversible reactions problems. 18 Problems on zero order irreversible elementary reaction. 19 Overall order from irreversible reactions from half-life data. 20 Irreversible reaction in parallel, autocatalytic reaction. 21 Irreversible reaction in series. 22 First order reversible reaction. 23 Variable volume reaction. 24 Problems on the above. 25 Design expressions for batch & evaluation of rate equations for constant volume 26 Design expressions for cstr and evaluation of rate equations for constant volume 27 Design expressions for pfr and evaluation of rate equations for constant volume 28 Design expressions for batch & evaluation of rate equations for variable volume 29 Design expressions for cstr and evaluation of rate equations for variable volume 30 Design expressions for pfr and evaluation of rate equations for variable volume 31 Problems 32 Problems 33 Comparison of ideal reactors. 34 Plug flow reactor in series and or in parallel. 35 Equal size mixed reactor in series. 36 Mixed flow reactors of different sizes in series. 37 Reactors of different types in series. 38 Problems on above topics 39 Problems on above topics


MVJCE 16

40 Recycle reactor. 41 Plug flow versus mixed flow, no recycle, recycle reactor. 42 Problems. 43 Problems. 44 Design of multiple reaction –reactions in parallel. 45 Quantitative treatment of product distribution and of reactor size. 46 Problems on the above. 47 Problems. 48 Reactions in series. 49 Quantitative treatment plug flow or batch reactor, mixed flow 50 Mixed flow 51 Remarks on performance characteristics kinetic studies and Design. 52 Thermal characteristics of reactors heat of reaction from thermodynamics. 53 Equilibrium constants from thermodynamics. 54 Problems. 55 General graphical design procedure. 56 Optimum temperature progression. 57 Adiabatic operations reactor design. 58 Nonadiabatic operations. 59 Problems on te above. 60 Problems on the above. 61 Exothermic reactions in mixed reactors. 62 Problems.


MVJCE 17

QUESTION BANK

01 What are non-elementary reactions? Explain kinetic models for such reactions. 02 Summaries the temperature dependency of reactions rate from Arrhenius plot. 03 A zero order homogeneous gas reaction A �Rr proceeds in a constant volume bomb,

20% inerts, and the pressure rises from 1 to 1.3 atm in 2 min. If the same reaction takes place in a constant pressure batch reactor, what is the fractional volume change in 4 min if the feed is at 3 atm and consists of 40% inerts?

04 Discuss broad classification of reactor types for homogeneous reactions. 05 Obtain the performance equation in terms of concentrations for steady state plug flow

reactor. 06 A homogeneous gas reaction A � 3R follows second order kinetics. For a feed rate of 4

m3/hr of pure A at 5 atm and 350 oC, an experimental reactor consisting of a 2.5 cm ID pipe 2m long gives 60% conversion of feed. A commercial plant is to treat 320 m3/hr. of feed consisting of 50% A, 50% inerts at 25 atm and 350 oC to obtain 80% conversion. Calculate how many 2m lengths of 2.5cm ID pipe are required.

07 What are the causes for non-ideal flow in reactor systems? Discuss experimental methods commonly used to study flow in vessels.

08 Discuss in brief single parameter models used to characterize non-ideal flow with in vessels.

09 Discuss the reasons for non-ideal flow. 10 Explain E, F and C curves. 11 Derive an expression for conversion (directly from tracer information) for a first order

irreversible reaction-taking place in a real reactor 12 A specially designed vessel is to be used as a reactor for a first order liquid reaction.

Since flow in the vessel is suspected to be non-ideal, tracer tests are conducted and the following concentration readings represent the response at the vessel outlet to a delta function tracer input to the vessel inlet. What conversion can we expect in this reactor, if conversion in a mixed flow reactor employing the same space-time is 82.18%?

Time t, Sec 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80

Tracer concentration (Arbitrary reading)

0 3 5 5 4 2 1 0

13 Explain briefly about: Catalyst preparation and Catalyst poisoning, Promoters and inhibitors

14 How do you determine the surface area of a catalyst pore? 15 Derive an expression for finding the effectiveness factor for a spherical particle. The catalytic reaction A � 4R (gases) is run at 3.2 atm and 117oC in a plug flow reactor

which contains 0.01 Kg of catalyst and uses a feed consisting of the partially converted product of 20 lt/hr of pure A. The results are as follows:

Run 1 2 3 4 CA, in mol/lt 0.1 0.08 0.06 0.04 CA, out mol/lt 0.084 0.070 0.055 0.038


MVJCE 18


MVJCE 19


MVJCE 20


MVJCE 21

DEPT. OF CHEMICAL ENGG. V/VI SEMESTER COURSE DIARY

MVJCE 22

06CH54 – MASS TRANSFER – I


MVJCE 23

SYLLABUS


UNIT I Introduction: Types of diffusion in fluids. Types of diffusion in solid.Measurement and calculations of diffusivities. 06hrs UNIT II Eddy diffusion:mass transfer coefficients and their correlations.Theories of mass transfer.Interphase mass transfer.Jd factor,Anologies in mass heat and momentum transfer processes. 06hrs UNIT III Material balance for co-current,cross current and counter-current operations.Concepts of stages cacades operations, N.T.U and H.T.U concepts. 06hrs UNITIV Humidification: General theory, psychometric chart, fundamental concepts in humidification and dehumidification.Design of cooling towers. 08 hrs PART-B UNIT V Drying: Introduction Equilibria, drying rate curves, Mechanism of drying..,Types of dryers .Design of batch and continuous drying 07 hrs UNIT VI Crystallization : Factors governing nucleation and crystal growth rates, controlled growth of crystals, incorporation of principles into design of equipment .Different of types of crystallizer equipment 6hrs UNIT VII Adsorption:Theories of adsorption.Isotherms,Industrial adsorbents.Equipment,Batch & continous multistage adsorption. 07hrs UNIT VIII Introduction to Novel separations:Ion exchange,Membrane processes-Reverse osmosis,Dialysis,Ultra and Micro-filtrations,Super critical fluid extraction. 6hrs Text Books: 1. Robert. E. Treybal,Mass Transfer Operation – 3 rd Edition, Mc Graw Hill, 1985. 2. Mc Cabe & J.M.Smith, Unit Operations in Chemical Engineering- 5 th Edition, Mc Graw

Hill, 1993. Reference Books:

1. Coulson and Richardson – Chemical Engg Vol I and Vol II, 4th edn Pergemen press. 2. Badger & Banchero – Introduction to Chemical Engg. McGraw Hill, 1957. 3. Foust et. al – Principles of Unit Operations, 2nd edn., John Wiley,1980.Geankoplis, C.J.

‘Mass Transport Phenomena’ Holt – Rineharf and Winston, New York, 1972


MVJCE 24

LESSON PLAN Hours / Week: 04

I.A. Marks: 25 Total Hours: 52


01 Introduction to mass transfer operation I : Distinction between MTI and MT II, logic behind this distinction, comparison with other transfer operation(Momentum and Heat transfer)

02 Molecular diffusion: Concepts, J and N flux, diffusivity or diffusion coefficient, flick’s law

03 Molecular diffusion in gases with example: Case 1: A diffusing through non diffusing B, Case 2: Equimolar counter current diffusion

04 Molecular diffusion in liquids and diffusivity in liquids and related problems 05 Mass transfer coefficient and relation between MTC; Case 1: A through non

diffusing B 06 Case 2: Equimolar counter current transfer Relation MTC units of MTC 07 Momentum Heat and Mass eddy diffusivities, theories of MT films. Penetration 08 Surface renewal theories and combination of film and S R theories 09 Analogies between mass, heat and momentum transfer. Reynolds’s and Colburn 10 Dimensionless groups in MT and heat transfer groups 11 Jd factor 12 Fick’s law of diffusion for solid phases 13 Material balance: Steady state co-current process. 14 Steady state counter current process. 15 Stages continued: Cascades, Cross flow cascades, counter current cascades. 16 Conceopt of stages 17 NTU and HTU conceepts 18 Counter current cascades continued and related problems. 19 Humidification and dehumidification operations as mass transfer operation. 20 VLE and enthalpy of a pure system, problems based on above concepts 21 Absolute humidity, saturated and unsaturated vapor gas mixtures. Concept of

relative 22 Air water system, psychometric chart, illustrative examples in using PC 23 Adiabatic saturation and wet bulb temperatures lines, Lewis relationship 24 Gs liquid contact operation: Adiabatic operations 25 Water cooling with air: conditions at inlet and exit humidifiers, dehumidifiers and

cooling towers 26 Equipment for operations. Non adiabatic operation: Evaporator cooling 27 Drying: As mass transfer operation, equilibrium, definitions


MVJCE 25


28 Drying operations: Batch, direct, indirect, freeze drying and different types of dryers

29 Rate of batch drying: direct characteristics curves. 30 Expression for time of drying with illustrative problems. 31 Mechanisms of Batch drying: cross circulation and through circulation drying,

problem on cross circulation and through circulation drying. 32 Continuous dryers: Rotary dryers 33 Design of rotary dryers including hold up time. Drying operations: Batch, direct,

indirect, freeze drying and different types of dryers 34 Drying operations: Batch, direct, indirect, freeze drying and different types of

dryers 35 Crystallization: As mass transfer operation, crystal geometry, equilibria, Yields

and illustrative examples 36 Enthalpy balances, illustrative problems, super saturation 37 Nucleation primary, homogenous nucleation, Equilibrium and equations for

equilibrium 38 Crystal growth – Hyers theory 39 Crystallization equipment – classification 40 Adsorption: Definition, types of adsorption; physical adsorption and

chemisorptions. 41 Nature of adsorbents, heat of adsorption. 42 Equilibrium adsorption of vapors, types of adsorption isotherms for vapors 43 Single stage adsorption, and application of the Freundlich equation. 44 Adsorption of a Vapor from a gas fluidized beds: multistage counter current

adsorber with regeneration. 45 Two components adsorbed; Continuous fractionation 46 Adsorption equipments: Rotating fixed bed adsorber, fixed bed adsorber for

vapors at high pressures, heatless adsorber. 47 Introduction to novel seperations 48 Ion exchange 49 Reverse osmosis. 50 Dialysis 51 Ultra and Micro-filtrations 52 Supercritical fluid extraction


MVJCE 26

QUESTION BANK

01 Derive an expression for diffusion from a spherical surface in a gaseous environment.

Specify all assumptions made 02 Explain the effect of temperature and pressure on gas diffusivity 03 Explain “Two resistance theory” of mass transfer 04 Derive relations between individual and overall mass transfer coefficients 05 Explain “Gas film controlling”, “Liquid film controlling” concepts 06 In a laboratory 300 ml of toluene was accidentally spilled over and has been quickly

spread over an area of 0.85 m2 . If the diffusion is taking place through a stagnant air film

of 1mm thick, calculate the time required for the toluene to evaporate completely at 298 K and 1 atm. For toluene at the prevailing conditions, density=860 kg/ m3, diffusivity in air = 8.4*10-6 m2 /s and vapor pressure = 30 mm Hg

07 Explain penetration theory with diagram and equations. What are the limitations of this theory ?

08 For the case of equimolar counter diffusion of two gases, give at least three rate equations. Write the units of the mass transfer coefficients involved and their inter relations.

09 Explain construction and working of a KRYSTAL crystalliser 10 Evaluate yield of Glauber salt (Na2 SO4 10 H2O) if a pure 32% solution is cooled to 293

K without any vapor loss. Solubility of Na2 SO4 10 H2O at 293 K = 19.4 kg/100 kg of H2O

11 Explain caking of crystals 12 Give a brief note on:

i. Mier’s super saturation theory ii. Fractional crystallization iii. ∆L law of crystal growth iv. Caking prevention techniques

13 Show how adiabatic saturation lines and wet bulb temperature lines are same for air water vapor system

14 Briefly explain: i. Absolute molal humidity ii. Dry bulb temperature and Wet bulb temperature iii. Adiabatic saturation temperature iv. Relative and percentage saturation

15 Explain various methods of determination of humidity of a gas 16 Using humidity chart find the following:

i. Absolute humidity if 30 0c in DBT, and 15 0c in WBT ii. Evaluation moral humidity for case

� Air at 60% humidity and 200c DBT is heated t 35 0c and then adiabatically saturated. Evaluate absolute and molal humidity


MVJCE 27

17 1400 kg of bone-dry granular solid having an initial moisture content of 0.2 kg H2O/kg

solid is to be dried to final moisture of 0.02 kg of H2O/ kg solid. Material has effective area of 0.0615 m2 /kg of solid. If following data is obtained find the drying time Moisture content kg H2O/kg solid

0.3 0.2 0.14 0.096 0.056 0.046 0.026 0.016

Drying rate kg/m2 hr 1.71 1.71 1.71 1.46 1.29 0.88 0.54 0.376

18 Writ a note on: Freeze-drying 19 Define and distinguish between physical and chemical adsorption 20 Explain various types of adsorption 21 Mention industrially important adsorbents with relevant characteristics, applications and

limitations 22 Prove that in a two stage cross current treatment of solution, the total adsorbent is

minimum when amounts used in both stages are equal 23 A solid absorbent is used to remove colour impurity from an aqueous solution. The

original value of colour on the arbitrary scale is 48. It is required remove 90% of its original value. Using the following data, find the quantity of fresh adsorbent required for one ton of solution 1. For a single stage 2. For a two stage cross current operation using the minimum amount of total adsorbent Equilibrium data:

Gm of adsorbent per kg of solution 0 1 4 8 20 40 Equilibrium color 48 43 31.5 21.5 8.5 3.5

24 Active carbon is used for purification of an aqueous solution by removing small % of colouring material. The lab test is data is: Equilibrium colour 9.6 8.6 6.3 4.3 1.7 0.7 Kg carbon unit vol of solution 0 0.001 0.004 0.008 0.02 0.04 If colour is to be reduced from an initial value of 9.6 units to 10% of this value evaluate the minimum amount of activated carbon required for a two stage cross current operation

25 Write short notes on: � Heat of adsorption � Factors to be considered in an adsorber design � Freundlich equation and its application � Fluidised bed adsorption � Contact filteration � Adsorption hysteresis


MVJCE 28


MVJCE 29


MVJCE 30


MVJCE 31


MVJCE 32


MVJCE 33


MVJCE 34

06CH55 – POLLUTION PREVENTION & CONTROL ENGINEERING


MVJCE 35

SYLLABUS


PART-A Unit I

Introduction : Importance of environment for mankind. Biosphere and layers of atmosphere. Hydrological cycle and nutrient cycles. Types of pollution. Damages from environmental pollution. Need of environmental legislations and environmental Acts in India. Functions of central and state pollution control boards. 06 hrs

Unit-II Sources, sampling and analysis of wastewater : water resources. Origin of wastewater. Evaluation, classification and characterization of wastewater. Physical and chemical characteristics. BOD, COD and their importance. Types of water pollutants and their effects. Sampling and method of analysis. 07 hrs

Unit-III 3. Wastewater treatment: preliminary primary, secondary and tertiary treatments of wastewater. Sludge treatment and disposal. Advanced wastewater treatment. Recovery of materials from process effluents. 07 hrs Unit-IV Applications to Industries: Norms and standards of treated water. Origin, characters and treatment methods of typical industries- petroleum refinery, pulp and paper, fertilizer, distillery, tannery and textile processing. 06 hrs

PART-B Unit-V Air Pollution aspects: Nature of air pollution. Classification of air pollutants. sources of air pollutants. Air quality criteria and standards. Plume behaviour and dispersion of air pollutants. Effects of air pollution on health, vegetation and materials. 07 hrs Unit-VI Air pollution treatment: Sampling of pollutants. Methods of estimation of air pollutants. Automobile pollution. Control methods for particulates and gaseous pollutants. Pollution from chemical industries. Origin, control methods and equipment used in typical industries- Thermal power plants, metallurgical industries and cement industries. 07 hrs Unit-VII Solid Waste Treatment: Origin. Classification and microbiology. Properties and their variation. Engineered systems for solid waste managemen- generation, onsite handling, storage, collection , transfer and transport, composting, sanitary land filling. 06 hrs Unit-VIII Noise Control: Sources and definitions. Determination of noise levels. Noise control criteria and noise exposure index. Administrative and engineering controls. Acoustic absorptive materials 06 hrs


MVJCE 36

Text Books: 1. C.S.Rao – “Environmental Pollution Control Engg”. New Age International, reprint 2002 2. S.P. Mahajan – “Pollution Control in Process Industries” – Tata McGraw Hill, 1999. Reference Books: 1. Chapters on waste water treatment Air pollution, Solid Waste treatment and Noise in

Chemical Plants in CHEMTECH – I Chemical Engg. Education Development Centre, 1975. 2. H.C. Perkins, Air pollution, McGraw Hill, 1974. 3. D.J. Hagery et.al.–“Solid Waste Management”, Van Nostrand Reinhold, 1973. 4. Lund, H.F.- “Industrial Pollution Control Handbook”, McGraw hill, 1971. 5. Duerden –“Noise Abatement”, Butterworth, 1970. 6. Davis – “Introduction to Environmental Engg”. 3rd edn., McGraw hill, 1998. 7. Metcalf and Eddy – “Waste Water Engineering Treatment Disposal Reuse” : Tata McGraw

Hill, 4th Edn, 2003. 8. G.N. Pandey and G.C. Carney. – “Environmental Engineering”, Tata McGraw Hill 9. George Tchobanoglous et al, Integrated Solid Waste Management, McGraw Hill & Co, 1993.


MVJCE 37

LESSON PLAN



01 Introduction to pollution control engg importance and introduction to waste water treatment, air pollution treatment, solid waste treatment and noise control.

02 Importance of environment for mankind. 03 Biosphere, hydrological cycles. 04 Nutrient cycles. 05 Damages from environmental pollution. 06 Legislation of environmental problems. Function of central and state pollution

control boards. 07 Introduction wastewater treatment, evaluation. 08 Classification and characterization of waste water treatment. 09 Physical and chemical characteristics of waste water. 10 BOD,COD and Importance. 11 Types of water pollutants. 12 Effects of water pollutants. 13 Sampling and methods of analysis. 14 Classification of treatments, preliminary treatment of wastewater. 15 Primary treatment of wastewater. 16 Secondary treatment of wastewater. 17 Tertiary treatment of wastewater. 18 Sludge treatment and disposal of wastewater. 19 Advanced wastewater treatment. 20 Recovery of materials from process effluents. 21 Norms and standards of treated water. 22 Treatment of wastewater from typical industries like pulp and paper. 23 Treatment of wastewater from typical industries like petroleum refinery. 24 Treatment of wastewater form typical industries like fertilizers. 25 Treatment of wastewater form typical industries like distillery. 26 Treatment of waste water form typical industries like tannery and textile

processing. 27 Introduction to Air pollution treatment. 28 Nature of air pollution. 29 Classification of air pollutants, 30 Source of air pollutants, 31 Air quality criteria and standards. 32 Plume behavior and dispersion of air pollutants. 33 Effects of air pollution on health, vegetation and materials. 34 Sampling of pollutants. 35 Methods of estimation of air pollutants and automobile pollution 36 Control methods for particulates and gaseous pollutants 37 Pollution from chemical industries 38 Origin, control methods and equipments used in thermal power plants 39 Origin, control methods and equipments used in metallurgical industries 40 Origin, control methods and equipments used in cement industries


MVJCE 38


41 Introduction to solid waste treatment 42 Classification in microbiology of solid wastes 43 Properties of solid waste Engg system for solid waste management 44 Solid waste generation on site handling and storage 45 Collection for solid waste transfer and storage 46 Composting, sanitary and land filling 47 Introduction to noise control 48 Determination of noise levels 49 Noise control criteria and noise exposure index 50 Administrative and engineering controls 51 Acoustic absorptive materials 52 Review of noise control


MVJCE 39

QUESTION BANK

01 Define Environmental pollution? Explain various types of environmental pollutants. 02 Explain in detail on Legislation of Environmental Pollution Control. 03 What is pollution? Explain the effect of pollution on human, animal, plant, aquatic life

and physical materials. 04 Explain the salient features of Environmental Protection Act of 1986. 05 Discuss on the importance of clean environment on man and plant life. 06 Explain the different effects of pollution on man, plant life and aquatic animals. 07 Explain the importance of environment for mankind. 08 Explain the Biosphere. 09 Explain the hydrologic cycles and nutrient cycles. 10 Explain in detail preliminary and primary control of industrial wastewaters. 11 Explain the evaluation of wastewater treatment. 12 Classify and characterization of wastewater. 13 Explain the primary treatment in detail. 14 Explain the secondary treatment in detail. 15 Explain the tertiary treatment in detail. 16 Explain the primary treatment in detail. 17 Explain the primary treatment in detail. 18 Explain the sludge treatment and disposal in detail 19 Describe in detail on wastewater treatment in pulp and paper industry. 20 Discuss on disposal of liquid wastes. 21 Explain with a neat sketch the theory and working principles of a

trickling filter. 22 Describe in detail on wastewater treatment in dairy industry 23 Describe in detail on wastewater treatment in brewery industry 24 Describe in detail on wastewater treatment in tannery industry 25 Describe in detail on wastewater treatment in textile processing 26 With a neat sketch explain the activated sludge process. 27 Define Air Pollution. 28 Explain the various air pollution control methods from Petroleum Refinery. 29 Explain the classification of air pollutants. 30 Discuss on the various control measures to be taken for Controlling Automobile

Pollution. 31 Briefly discuss with a neat sketch the engineering aspects of a Venturi scrubber design. 32 What are the factors to be considered for selection of equipment for particulate and

gaseous sampling? 33 Explain the air quality criteria and standards. 34 Write notes on the air pollution caused by petroleum refineries. 35 Explain how automobiles pollute the air. What are your suggestions to reduce air

pollutions from automobiles?


MVJCE 40

36 With neat sketches explain the working principles of:

i. Cyclone scrubber ii. Electrostatic precipitator.

37 What are the pollutants emitted from fertilizer industries? Explain control methods. 38 Discuss the effect of metrological conditions on flue gas emissions from chimney. 39 Discuss sources, preventive measures and control methods of environmental pollution in

a typical pulp and paper industry 40 Explain how the solid waste is generated 41 Explain the classification and treatment of solid wastes. 42 Explain Incineration 43 Explain regeneration and recycling of solid wastes. 44 Explain the effects of microorganisms on solid material. 45 What are the various phases of solid waste management? Explain the methodology

adopted in India. 46 Explain any one method of biomass treatment. Discuss whether it will replace other

methods of solid waste management. 47 Discuss the classification and microbiology of solid wastes. 48 Write notes on:

i. Composting ii. Sanitary land filling iii. Pyrolysis iv. Recycling of metal v. Nuclear waste disposal vi. Hospital waste management

49 Explain difference between aerobic sludge digestion and anaerobic sludge digestion. Describe with a neat sketch any one digestor in detail.

50 Explain the administrative and engineering controls of Noise. 51 Discuss on acoustic absorptive materials used for a motorcar. 52 Explain sound intensity, power and pressure. 53 What are the instruments available for measurement of noise? 54 What are the various management practices adopted in process industries for control of

Noise pollution. 55 What are the effects of noise pollution 56 What is NEI (Noise Exposure Index)?


MVJCE 41


MVJCE 42


MVJCE 43

06CH56 – CHEMICAL EQUIPMENT DESIGN


MVJCE 44

SYLLABUS


PART A 1. Introduction: Basic considerations in design, general design procedure, equipment

classification, various components of the process equipment, design parameters, pressure vessel codes, Design considerations 06 hours

2. Design Considerations: Material selection. Factors affecting design. Stresses due to static

and dynamic load(Internal and external). Temperature effects. Economic considerations 06 hours.

3. Design of pressure vessels: Design parameters, condition and stresses. Design of shell and

other vessel components. Vessels at low and high operating temperatures. Numerical design problems using process parameters. 07 hours

4. Vessel component design: Design of support for vessels-Bracket, Lug, Leg, Saddle and

Skirt supports. Design of flanges and nozzles-Classification of nozzles-Classification of flanges. Flange thickness calculation. Gasket Selection and design, Bolt Selection and Calculation. Nozzle design. Design of vessel closure-Flat plates, formed heads, Elliptical and hemispherical heads. 07 hours.

PART B 5. Storage vessels: Process conditions and design parameters for storage of volatile, non-

volatile fluids and gases. Design of cylindrical tanks with fixed roofs. Design of partially filled spherical tanks. Design of components, supports and selection of vessel accessories and mounting. Numerical problems. 07 hours

6. Reaction Vessels: Design of reaction tanks with agitation and jacket. Types of agitator,

baffles. Power requirement and calculations. Design of tank dimensions and agitation system components. Drive calculations and selection of accessories. Design of jackets. Support calculation for the system. Numerical problems. 07 hours

7. Tall vertical vessels: Vessels subjected to various loads, Multi Shell constructions.

Determination of shell thickness. Supports for columns. 06 hours. 8. Pipeline design: Pipe thickness, pipe diameter, condensate and steam pipe design. Optimum

size of delivery line in pumping operations. Concepts of P&I diagrams, P&I diagram for simple processes.

Note: IS codebook for pressure vessel designs are permitted in the exam for reference.


MVJCE 45

Text Books: 1. M.V. Joshi – “Process Equipment Design”, Macmillan & Co., India, Delhi, 3rd Edn.

Reprint 1998 2. Brownell & Youns - “Process Equipment Design – Vessel design”, John Willey, 1951 3. S.D. Dawande – “ Process Design of Equipment – Vol 1”, Central Techno Publications

3rd Edn. 2003 Reference Books

1. Perry & Green: “ Chemical Engineers handbook” – 7th Edn, McGraw Hill, 1997 2. IS Code – “ Pressure Vessel Code – IS 2825, BIS, New Delhi, 1969. 3. Crane, Flow of Fluids through Valve Fittings and Pipes.


MVJCE 46

LESSON PLAN



01 Basic Considerations in design 02 General Design Procedure 03 Equipment Classification 04 Various components of Process Equipment 05 Design Parameters 06 Pressure vessel codes. 07 Material Selection 08 Factors affecting design. 09 Stresses due to static and dynamic loads(Internal and External) 10 Temperature effects 11 Economic Considerations 12 Design Parameters-Conditions and Stresses. 13 Design of Shell and other vessel components. 14 Design of Shell and other vessel components. 15 Vessel at low and high operating temperatures. 16 Vessel at low and high operating temperatures. 17 Numerical Design Problems. 18 Numerical Design Problems. 19 Design of support for vessels. 20 Design of flanges and nozzles 21 Flange thickness calculation 22 Nozzle design 23 Design of vessel closures 24 Formed Heads 25 Elliptical and Hemispherical Heads 26 Process conditions and Design Parameters for storage volatile fluids and gases. 27 Design of cylindrical tanks with fixed roofs 28 Design of partially filled spherical tanks 29 Design of components,supports and selection of vessel accessories. 30 Numerical problems 31 Numerical design problem 32 Numerical design problem 33 Reaction vessels. 34 Power requirements


MVJCE 47


35 Design of tank dimensions and agitation system components 36 Drive calculations & selection of accessories 37 Design of jackets, support calculation 38 Numerical Calculations 39 Numerical Calculations 40 Vessels subjected to wind loads 41 Vessels subjected to wind loads contd.. 42 Multi shell constructions 43 Determination of shell thickness 44 Supports for columns 45 Pipe line sizing 46 Condensate and steam pipe design 47 Optimum size of delivery size in pumping operations 48 Concepts of P&I diagrrams 49 P&I diagrams for simple processes. 50 Numerical problems 51 Review 52 Review


MVJCE 48

QUESTION BANK

01 Explain in brief the basic design considerations for general design procedure. 02 Explain in brief the criteria for the selection of materials for fabrication of process

equipment. 03 What are the different materials used for the fabrication of pressure vessels? 04 Explain with neat sketches the different types of formed heads for pressure vessels 05 How is the thickness of the formed heads determined? 06 What are the different stresses induced in a vessel? 07 Why is it necessary to consider the corrosion allowance while specifying the final

thickness of the vessel? 08 What are the different vessel components for a pressure vessel? 09 How do you find the optimum proportions of a pressure vessel? 10 A pressure vessel having outer diameter 1.3m and height 3.8m is subjected to an internal

pressure of 12 Kg/cm2 with joint efficiency of 85%. Calculate the vessel thickness required to withstand this pressure conditions.

11 A vessel made up of stainless steel with a permissible stress of 13.00 kg/mm2. is to be designed to withstand a pressure of 3 kg/cm2 . The internal diameter of the vessel is 1200mm with a permissible stress of 13.00 kg/mm2. Design the vessel with all components and accessories.

12 Determine the optimum proportions of a pressure vessel required to handle 10000 kg of liquid with density 1200 kg/m3 at 10 kg/cm2. welded joint efficiency is 85%. Permissible stress of the material used for fabrication is 1020 kg/cm2. Corrosion allowance is 1.5 mm

13 Estimate the thickness of a conical head having the apex angle of 380. The diameter of the vessel is 1.5m. Permissible stress of the material is 1200 Kg/cm2. Welded joint efficiency is 85%.

14 A high-pressure vessel is provided with a hemispherical head having 35mm thickness. The inner diameter of the vessel is 500mm. If the permissible stress of the material is 1400 Kg/cm2, what maximum pressure the head will be able to withstand. If this head is replaced with an elliptical head having major axis to minor axis ratio 2:1, what will be the required thickness?

15 A tall vertical vessel 1.5 m in diameter and 13 m in height is to be provided with skirt support. Weight of the vessel with all its attachments is 80,000 kg. Diameter of skirt is equal to the diameter of the vessel. Height of skirt is 2.2 m. Wind pressure acting over the vessel is 100 Kg/m2. K1 = 0.7 for cylindrical vessel, c = 0.08 seismic coefficient, permissible tensile strength of the material = 960 Kg/cm2. Permissible compressible stress is 1/3 yield stress of the material, yield stress of the material = 2400 Kg/cm2. Estimate the thickness of the skirt support.

16 A tall column 2.3 m in diameter weighs 13500 kg. The controlling moment at the base is 92000 kg-m. Estimate the minimum number of anchor bolts and the width and the thickness of the base plate required.

17 How is the maximum compressive load acting on the bracket is evaluated and how is the axial bending stress induced in the vessel wall due to compressive load is evaluated?


MVJCE 49

18 What are the types of supports commonly used for the process equipment? Explain their

important features. 19 A vessel with 2000 mm internal diameter and 2.8m height is to be provided with bracket

supports. Clearance from the vessel bottom to the foundation is 1.2m. Weight of the vessel with all its contents is 8600 kg. Wind pressure acting over the vessel is 125 kg/m2. Thickness of the vessel is 10mm.

20 What are flanges and nozzles? 21 How are flanges classified? 22 How are gaskets classified? 23 A loose type flange is to be designed to the following specifications

Outside diameter of the shell 80cm Shell thickness 10 mm Design pressure 10 Kg/cm2 Design temperature 150 0 C Gasket Asbestos Inner diameter of the gasket 84 cm Gasket width 1.6m Gasket factor m 2.75 Gasket seating stress 260 Kg/cm2 Permissible stress for the bolt material 950 Kg/cm2

Permissible stress for the flange material 950 Kg/cm2 Number of bolts of 19mm used 32 Nos

Calculate the minimum thickness of the flange. Check whether the gasket is sufficiently wide to keep away from crushing

24 A reaction vessel to mix salt solution made up of stainless steel with a permissible stress of 13.00 kg/mm2. is to be designed . The internal diameter of the vessel is 6m with a permissible stress of 13.00 kg/mm2. The mixing is done with a six-blade disc type turbine agitator. Turbine impeller diameter is 1200 mm, liquid depth is 6m, liquid density is 1000 kg/m3, viscosity is 1 x 10 –3 N-s/ m2, impeller speed n = 12 rpm. Design the vessel with all components and accessories.

25 A turbine agitator is to be provided in a baffled cylindrical tank 2.75 m in diameter and 3.7 m height. Liquid height is equal to the diameter of the tank. Viscosity of the liquid is 1.0 N-s/m2 and density of the solution of the material is 1300 kg/m3.

26 Explain in brief the basic design considerations for storage vessel to store both volatile fluids and gases and non-volatile fluids and gases.

27 Suggest a suitable design for a storage tank to store 400000 kg of benzene. The storage tank will be filled to 90% of its capacity. The maximum diameter of the tank should be 3.6m. Plates in 90 cm x 240 cm in different thick nesses ranging from 5mm to 16 mm are available for fabrication. Density of benzene is 800 kg/m3, permissible stress of the material – 960 kg/cm2

28 What are the different losses that can occur in a storage tank? Explain each one briefly.


MVJCE 50

29 How are the optimum proportion of a storage tank determined when the shell thickness is

independent of the height and diameter and when the thickness is dependent on height and diameter.

30 What are the different types of roofs that can be used for storage vessels? 31 Explain the limitations of the self-supported conical roofs. 32 Explain with salient design features of a spherical storage tank with a neat sketch. 33 A tank is to store 24000 kg of liquid with a density of 900 kg/m3. The maximum diameter

of the vessel allowed is 2.4 m. Material of construction is carbon steel with permissible stress of 1300 kg/cm2. Density of the material used for fabrication is 7700 kg/m3. Design a suitable storage vessel with all components and accessories.

34 Explain in brief the design procedure of a reaction vessel. 35 List out the various stresses induced in a tall vertical vessel and explain the method of

calculation of the same. 36 List out the various type of piping supports and explain its range of use 37 A natural gas with Sp. Gr. 1.2 at 143000 kPa and 45 0 C is being blown down to 102000

kPa. The flow rate could be from 95m3/day to 39 m3/day. The drop through the pressure-reducing regulator is 3100 kPa leaving 1000 kPa for the pipe. The pipe length is 140m upstream of the regulator and 8.7 m downstream. Determine the upstream and the downstream pipe sizes. Value of Ψ = 0.6, molecular weight of the gas = 20.

38 Sulphuric acid solution with density 1800 kg/m3 is to allowed to flow through a stainless steel pipeline at a rate of 2.5kg/sec. Calculate the optimum diameter of te pipeline required.

39 In an existing system where the condensate load is 2000 kg/hr, the pipeline size is 25mm. The supply pressure is 34kg/cm2 and the return pressure is 10.2 kg/cm2. Density of the steam at the return line pressure is 5.85 kg/ m3

40 How do you find the optimum size of the delivery line in pump operation?


MVJCE 51


MVJCE 52


MVJCE 53


MVJCE 54


MVJCE 55


MVJCE 56


MVJCE 57

06CHL57 – POLLUTION CONTROL & INSTRUMENTAL ANALYSIS LAB


MVJCE 58

SYLLABUS


1. Analysis of effluents for pH, alkalinity and turbidity 2. Determination of COD and BOD

3. Volatile, Fixed, Filterable and Dissolved solid analysis

4. Analysis by ion selective electrode (any two anions)

5. Measurements of particulate matter in Air

6. Measurement of SO2 in air

7. Analysis of exhaust by Orsat apparatus

8. Analysis of flue gases by gas chromatograph

9. UV Spectrophotometer

10. KF Auto titrator

11. Flame photometer

12. Turbid meter

13. Dissolved Oxygen measurement

14. Bomb/Boys gas calorimeter

15. Viscometer

16. Polar graph

17. Potentiometer Titration Note: Minimum of 10 experiments from the above are to be conducted


MVJCE 59

LESSON PLAN


I Cycle of Experiments

1. Determine The Alkalinity Of Water 2. To determine the PH of water 3. To determine the COD of the given sample 4. To determine the BOD of the given sewage sample with 2% dilution 5. Nephlo turbidimeter


1-3 Instruction for the I cycle pollution control Engg Lab 4-6 Instruction for the I cycle Instrumental Analysis Lab 7-9 Experiment number 1 for group 1

Experiment number 2 for group 2 Experiment number 3 for group 3 Experiment number 4 for group 4 Experiment number 5 for group 5

10-12 Experiment number 2 for group 1 Experiment number 3 for group 2 Experiment number 4 for group 3 Experiment number 5 for group 4 Experiment number 1 for group 5





MVJCE 60

II Cycle of Experiments

6. DO Meter 7. Karl Fischer Titrator 8. Visco Meter 9. Bomb Calorimeter 10. Total solids present in waste water


22-24 Instruction for the II cycle pollution control Engg Lab 25-27 Instruction for the II cycle Instrumental Analysis Lab 28-30 Experiment number 6 for group 1

Experiment number 7 for group 2 Experiment number 8 for group 3 Experiment number 9 for group 4 Experiment number 10 for group5

31-33 Experiment number 7 for group 1 Experiment number 8 for group 2 Experiment number 9 for group 3 Experiment number 10for group 4 Experiment number 6 for group 5

34-36 Experiment number 8 for group 1 Experiment number 9 for group 2 Experiment number 10for group 3 Experiment number 6 for group 4 Experiment number 7 for group 5




MVJCE 61

VIVA QUESTIONS – POLLUTION CONTROL LAB

01 Define the term PH. Give its scale. 02 Differentiate between apparent colour and true colour. 03 What are the causes of colour and turbidity in water? 04 List the types of acidity and briefly explain them. 05 What is E D T A? Where is it used? 06 List the different types of sewage solids and explain each briefly. 07 Define the term “ Sludge volume index “ what is its importance in wastewater treatment? 08 Differentiate between Imhoff cone and Imhoff tank. 09 How do you measure settle able solids? What ist its units. 10 Explain the principle involved in E D T A titranatic producer. 11 What are types of hardness in water? How are they caused and removed? 12 What is the distance to be maintained between the tip of the Jackson candle flame and the

bottom of the measuring jar? 13 What is the minimum quantity of dissolved oxygen to be maintained in rivers? Why. 14 Differentiate between B O D & C O D. 15 For the same sewage sample, why are the BOD and COD values different? 16 Which is generally higher and why? 17 What is the standard temperature and time to be maintained in the BOD test? 18 Why it is so? 19 What are the chemicals to be added to the aerated distilled water in BOD test? 20 Why are they added? 21 What are the two stages of BOD test? 22 Which is more important? 23 Why are BOD bottles sealed during incubation? 24 Name the two most commonly employed biological sewage treatment units? 25 What is the use of Muffle furnace & hot air oven? 26 What is the temperature to be maintained? 27 What is “coagulation” in water treatment? 28 List a few commonly used coagulants? 29 What is the difference in the principles of Jackson candle turbidity test and nephlo

turbidmeter test? 30 Name different types of acidity 31 Name different types of alkalinity 32 Measurement of PH is one of the most important? Why 33 What are different methods of PH? 34 What will happen when PH is less than 5 & more than 10? 35 Briefly explain the PH significance? 36 What is turbidity? 37 What are the permissible limits of drinking water? 38 What is the unit of Jackson candle? 39 What is J T U & N T U? 40 Classify the sewage solids?


MVJCE 62

41 What is the relation between PH and hydrogen ion concentration. 42 What is the relation between PH and hydroxyl ion concentration? 43 A decrease in PH of one unit represent how much often increases in hydrogen ion

concentration? 44 What principle is involved in PH meter? 45 What is meant by PH index? 46 What are the substances that do not exert electrical conductivity? 47 What are the causes of turbidity in water? 48 What units are generally used for measuring turbidity? 49 What is the difference between visual method and instrumental method in turbidity

measurement? 50 Is the one FTU equal to one JTU? 51 Turbidity is not a direct quantitative measurement of suspended solids why? 52 What is meant by coefficient of incenses? Mention its important? 53 What limit is fixed on turbidity for drinking water by various organizations? 54 What is the basic difference in principle involved in Jackson turbidmeter and nephlo

turbidmeter? 55 What is the general coagulant used for removal of turbidity in water? 56 Name the chemical added to the turbidity standards to prevent the growth of bacteria or

algae? 57 What is the normal size of colloid in water? 58 What methods are used to remove the colloidal solids in water? 59 What methods are available for the removal of inorganic dissolved solids in water? 60 What are the best available methods for removal dissolved organic solids from water and

wastewater? 61 What is meant by acidity in water and wastewater? 62 What are the sources of mineral acidity in water? 63 Can you estimate mineral acidity from sample, if added methyl orange indicator to

sample turns to yellow? 64 What is the range of PH where acidity is present in water? 65 What are constituents that cause acidity in water? 66 How is acidity is removed from water? 67 Name any four industries, which discharge acid effluents? 68 What is meant by alkalinity in water and wastewater? 69 What are constituents that cause alkalinity in water? 70 At what Ph range the alkalinity is present in water? 71 How is alkalinity is removed from water? 72 What is meant by indicator blank correction? 73 What process is used to remove excess chlorides in water? 74 What methods are to be used for determination of sulphates? 75 What are the benefits to human beings in utilization hard water as drinking water? 76 What is meant by pseudo-hardness? 77 What are the salts that cause temporary hardness in water? 78 What are the salts that cause permanent hardness in water?


MVJCE 63

79 What are the methods to be used for removal of temporary hardness? 80 What methods are used to determine dissolved oxygen? 81 What process affects the D.O. content in the water? 82 What is the minimum dissolved oxygen required for survival aquatic life? 83 When do you say the water is polluted? 84 Why was the 5-day incubation period been selected for BOD determination? 85 Light must be excluded from the incubator in BOD test. Why? 86 Which type of organic matter is measured in BOD5 test? 87 What parameters are used to measure strength of wastewater? 88 What is the cause of alkalinity reduction in coagulation process? 89 What is the purpose of rapid mixing in jar test? 90 What is importance of slow mixing in jar test? 91 What is difference between coagulation and flocculation? 92 Specify the advantages of using a coagulant in water treatment? 93 What do you understand by liquid alum? 94 What are the anaerobic treatment units of sewage? 95 What are the aerobic treatment units of sewage? 96 Define sludge volume index. 97 Define sludge age. 98 Differentiate between pollutant and contaminant. 99 Define air pollution. 100 What are air pollutants from automobiles? 101 Automobile exhaust emissions can be controlled by? 102 What instruments are used for removing p articulate matter from gas streams?


MVJCE 64

VIVA QUESTIONS - INSTRUMENTAL ANALYSIS LAB

01 What is the use of instrumental analysis lab. 02 What are the different methods of analysis? 03 What is gravimetry? 04 What is potentiometry? 05 What is the use of titration? 06 What is equivalent weight? 07 What is normality? 08 What is molarity? 09 What is molality? 10 What are standard solutions? 11 What are moles? Why is it useful 12 What are indicators? 13 What is PH 14 What is acidity? 15 What is basicity? 16 What is turbidometrty? 17 What is tyndall effect? 18 What is nephalometry? 19 On what principle does a turbidometer works? 20 When do you use Karl-Fischer titration? 21 What are the constituents of a Karl-Fischer reagent? 22 What is the principle of Karl-Fischer titration? 23 What is potentiometric titration? 24 What is equivalence point 25 What are weak acids and strong acids? 26 Why is quinhydrone powder used in potentiometric titrator? 27 What is a standard cell 28 What is a half-cell? 29 What is a calomel cell? 30 What is polarography? 31 What is e.m.f.? 32 What is a salt bridge? 33 On what principle does a potentiometer work? 34 On what principle does a polarograph work? 35 What is ionization constant 36 What is BOD? 37 What is COD? 38 What is dissolved oxygen? 39 On what principle does a UV-spectrophotometer work? 40 What is a monochromatic light?


MVJCE 65

41 What is a photoelectric cell? 42 In what range of light does a UV-spectrophotometer work? 43 What is wavelength? 44 What happens when a monochromatic light falls on a homogenous medium? 45 What is Beer’s law? 46 What is Lambert’s law? 47 What is Beer – Lambert law? 48 What is absorbance? 49 What is transmittance? 50 What is ppm? 51 On what principle does a flame photometer work? 52 What types of elements are detected in flame photometer? 53 Why is air compressor necessary in flame photometer? 54 Is it possible to detect sulphur and iodine using flame photometer? 55 What is chromatography? 56 What are the different types of chromatography? 57 What is thin layer chromatography? 58 What type of substances can be detected in gas chromatograph? 59 What is carrier gas? 60 What are the different types of detectors in gas chromatography? 61 What are the different types of materials used in the gas chromatographic column? 62 Which gas acts as a fuel gas in gas chromatography? 63 What is the principle of paper chromatography? 64 What is stationary phase in chromatography? 65 Which is the mobile phase in gas chromatography. 66 What is a bomb caloriemeter? 67 What is calorific value? 68 Why is oxygen supplied in bomb caloriemeter? 69 What is a fuel? 70 What is specific heat?


MVJCE 66

06CHL58 – HEAT TRANSFER LAB


MVJCE 67

SYLLABUS


1. Natural convection in bare tube 2. Natural convection in tubes with fins 3. Horizontal condenser

4. Vertical condenser 5. Shell and tube condenser

6. Emissivity determination

7. Packed bed heat transfer 8. Double pipe heat exchanger

9. Heat transfer in fluidized bed

10. Transient heat conduction

11. Insulation thickness

12. Heat transfer in fluidized bed

13. Evaporator

14. Solar heater

15. Effect of geometric shape on natural convection 16. Spiral plate heat exchanger

Note: Minimum of 10 experiments from the above are to be conducted.


MVJCE 68

LESSON PLAN


I Cycle of Experiments

1. Determination of thermal conductivity under transient heat conduction 2. Determination of outside heat transfer coefficient in a bare tube condenser 3. Determination of outside heat transfer coefficient, fin efficiency and fn effectiveness in a

finned tube condenser 4. Determination of thermal efficiency in a shell and tube heat transfer exchanger 5. Determination of waterside coefficient at different flow rates of water flowing through

horizontal condenser


1-3 Instruction for the I cycle of experiments. 4-6 Experiment number 1 for group 1

Experiment number 2 for group 2 Experiment number 3 for group 3 Experiment number 4 for group 4 Experiment number 5 for group 5






MVJCE 69

II Cycle of Experiments

1. Determination of waterside coefficient at different flow rates of water flowing through

vertical condenser 2. Determination of waterside coefficient at different flow rates of water flowing through

double pipe heat exchanger 3. Determination of heat transfer coefficient in jacketed vessel 4. Determination of heat transfer coefficient in spiral tube heat exchanger 5. Performance of a Single Effect Evaporator / Emmisivity determination


19-21 Instruction for the II cycle of experiments 22-24 Experiment number 6 for group 1

Experiment number 7 for group 2 Experiment number 8 for group 3 Experiment number 9 for group 4 Experiment number 10 for group5

25-27 Experiment number 7 for group 1 Experiment number 8 for group 2 Experiment number 9 for group 3 Experiment number 10for group 4 Experiment number 6 for group 5

28-30 Experiment number 8 for group 1 Experiment number 9 for group 2 Experiment number 10for group 3 Experiment number 6 for group 4 Experiment number 7 for group 5




MVJCE 70

VIVA QUESTIONS

01 What are the different modes of heat transfer? 02 Conduction is predominant in (a) Solids (b) Fluids 03 State Fourier’s law of conduction. 04 What is thermal conductivity? 05 What is the unit of thermal conductivity? 06 Two pipes are made of same material. Both the pipes have the same diameter but the

second pipe is twice as long as the first pipe. If both the pipes are kept under the same temperature conditions, the rate of heat transfer (i) will be same in both the pipes (ii) Twice in the case of second pipe (iii) Twice in the case of first pipe

07 Does the rate of heat transfer depend on the material of construction? 08 Does the rate of heat transfer depend on the shape of the material? 09 What is steady state heat transfer? 10 What is unsteady state heat transfer? 11 If the thermal conductivity is high, do you consider the material to be a good conductor or

an insulator? 12 Is the thermal conductivity high in noble metals? 13 What are insulators? 14 What are the required properties of a good insulator? 15 Give examples of good conductors. 16 Give examples of insulators. 17 What is optimum insulation thickness? 18 What is critical insulation thickness? 19 What is thermal diffusivity? 20 What are fins? 21 What are the different types of fins? 22 What is the purpose of using fins? 23 Fins increase (1) heat transfer area (2) Temperature difference 24 What type of heat transfer is predominant in fluids? 25 What is natural convection? 26 What is forced convection? 27 Which dimensionless group is used to calculate heat transfer coefficient in natural

convection? 28 Which dimensionless group is used to calculate heat transfer coefficient in forced

convection? 29 What is condensation? 30 What is sensible heat? 31 What is latent heat? 32 What is heat capacity of a material? 33 What is saturation temperature? 34 What are superheated vapours? 35 What is bubble point?


MVJCE 71

36 What is dew point? 37 What is gauge pressure? 38 What is atmospheric pressure? 39 What is absolute pressure? 40 What is vacuum? 41 What is individual heat transfer coefficient? 42 What is overall heat transfer coefficient? 43 What is dirt resistance? 44 What is fouling factor? 45 If the temperature difference is doubled and the area reduced to half, the rate of heat

transfer (1) remains same (2) doubled (3) halved 46 What is the driving force for heat transfer? 47 What are the two types of condensation? 48 What is LMTD? 49 What is LMTD correction factor? 50 What are co-current and counter current operations? 51 What is a heat exchanger? 52 What is equivalent diameter? 53 Why do you use equivalent diameter? 54 What are the different types of heat exchanger? 55 When do you prefer to use double pipe heat exchanger? 56 When do you prefer to use shell & tube heat exchanger? 57 What are baffles? 58 What are pass partition plates? 59 What is the use of steam trap? 60 Why are air vents provided? 61 What is level gauge? 62 The temperature of steam (1) increases with pressure (2) Decreases with pressure. 63 What is radiation? 64 State Steffan Boltzmann’s law 65 State Kirchoff’s law? 66 State Wein’s Displacement law 67 What are black bodies? 68 What are grey bodies? 69 What are coloured bodies? 70 What are refractories?

department of chemical engineering course diary · 2016. 2. 27. · 4. sugar and starch industries:...

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