1815-1830 Putting a Lid Back

Opening a Can of WormsPandora’s BoxSlippery slopesStoking the Fire

Deliberations in Vienna

Main ObjectivesMain Objectives

e Its job was to undo everything that Napoléon had done:

V Reduce France to its old boundaries her frontiers were pushed back to 1790 level.

V Restore as many of the old monarchies as possible that had lost their thrones during the Napoléonic era.

e Supported the resolution: There is always an alternative to conflict.

e Its job was to undo everything that Napoléon had done:

V Reduce France to its old boundaries her frontiers were pushed back to 1790 level.

V Restore as many of the old monarchies as possible that had lost their thrones during the Napoléonic era.

e Supported the resolution: There is always an alternative to conflict.

Clemens von Metternich

Foreign minister of Austria,1809-1848

Charles Maurice de TalleyrandForeign Minister of France, repeatedly

(portrayed by John Malkovich)

Key Principles Established at Vienna

Key Principles Established at Vienna

V Balance of Power

V Legitimacy

V Compensation

V Balance of Power

V Legitimacy

V Compensation

e Coalition forces would occupy France for 3-5 years.

e France would have to pay an indemnity of 700,000,000 francs.

e Coalition forces would occupy France for 3-5 years.

e France would have to pay an indemnity of 700,000,000 francs.

V France territory ->Napoléon.V Russia ->Duchy of Warsaw (Poland). V Prussia ->half of Saxony, parts of Poland,

and other German territories. V A Germanic Confederation of 30+ states

(including Prussia) <-previous 300, under Austrian rule.

V Austria -> recovers land, plus more in Germany and Italy.

V The House of Orange ->Dutch Republic and the Austrian Netherlands to rule.

Changes Made at Vienna (1)Changes Made at Vienna (1)

Changes Made at Vienna (2)Changes Made at Vienna (2)

V Sweden gains Norway loses FinlandV Britain gets Cape Colony, South Africa (see

Boer War 1898), and other colonies in Africa and Asia.

V Sardinia ->Piedmont, Nice, Savoy, and Genoa.

V Bourbon Ferdinand I restored -> Two Sicilies.V Slave trade condemned (at British urging).V Freedom of navigation guaranteed for many

rivers.

The Germanic Confederation, 1815

The Germanic Confederation, 1815

Europe After the Congress of Vienna

Europe After the Congress of Vienna

Louis XVIIIKing of France,

1814-1824Chamber of Peers

Chamber of DeputiesEnfranchisement?

Alexander ITsar of Russia,

1801-1825

Radicals

Liberalism

Conservatives

Europe

Reactionary

Latin America

Monroe Doctrine & Britannia

Rules the Waves

Flashpoints

• Britain- Liberalism/Radical/Reactionary• Italy-Nationalism- Austrians• Spain-Liberalism- French• France-Reactionary- Louis XVIII/Charles X-

Ultraroyalists• German Confederation-Carlsbad• Russia-Decembrists• Belgium- Independence• Greece- Romantic Ottoman Struggle

Uprisings in Italyin the 1820s

1820: Naples & Palermo(vs. the Bourbon dynasty)

1821: Turin(vs. the ruling house of

Piedmont-Sardinia)

and many more…

Cause->Effect

Food Prices Rise(Corn Laws 1815->Peterloo->6 Acts

Eugène Delacroix

Greece on the Ruinsof Missolonghi (1826)

George Gordon,a.k.a. Lord Byron

(1788-1824)“Ode on a Grecian

Urn”Thou still unravish'd bride of

quietness, Thou foster-child of silence

and slow time, Sylvan historian, who canst

thus express A flowery tale more sweetly

than our rhyme: What leaf-fring'd legend haunt about thy shape

Of deities or mortals, or of both,

In Tempe or the dales of Arcady?

What men or gods are these? What maidens loth?

What mad pursuit? What struggle to escape?

What pipes and timbrels? What wild ecstasy?

-John Keats-

The kingdom of Greece (est. 1830)

The Wartburg Festival of German fraternities(October 1817)

Student Associations

Carlsbad Decrees

Karl Sand’s execution

The Decembrists’ uprising (Dec. 14, 1825)

Nicholas ITsar of Russia,

1825-1855

Charles XKing of France,

1824-1830Compensation?

Eugène Delacroix, Liberty Leading the People

Revolution in Brussels, 1830

Polish uprising against Russia (Nov. 1830 - Sept. 1831)

1830?Protests, Suppression, Occupation, Nationalism, Liberalism, Radicalism, Reactionary, Romanticism,

Where does Europe stand?