define and measure problem overview of the basic approaches to the recognition, measurement, and...
TRANSCRIPT
Define and Measure Problem
Overview of the Basic Approaches to the Recognition, Measurement, and Control of Work-related Musculoskeletal Disorders
1Revised 3/06
Organization of the Rule
Subpart A - Purpose Subpart B - Scope Subpart C - Forms and recording criteria Subpart D - Other requirements Subpart E - Reporting to the government Subpart F - Transition Subpart G - Definitions
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Recording Criteria
Subpart C - Recordkeeping Forms and Recording Criteria 1904.4 Recording criteria 1904.5 Work-relatedness 1904.6 New case 1904.7 General recording criteria 1904.8 Needlesticks and sharps 1904.9 Medical removal 1904.10 Hearing loss 1904.11 Tuberculosis 1904.29 Forms
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1904.4 – Recording Criteria
Covered employers must record each fatality, injury or illness that: is work-related, and is a new case, andmeets one or more of the criteria contained
in sections 1904.7 through 1904.11.
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1904.29 - Forms
OSHA Form 300, Log of Work-Related Injuries and Illnesses
OSHA Form 300A, Summary of Work-Related Injuries and Illnesses
OSHA Form 301, Injury and Illness Incident Report
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Incidence Rates
N
Hours workedRate per 100full time workers =
Formula for calculation
x 200,000
Injury Analysis
Frequency (Total Recordable Case Rate) Severity (DART Rate)
Upper Extremity WMSDs Tendon Disorders
Tendonitis Tenosynovitis Lateral Epicondylitis Medial Epicondylitis Ganglion Cysts
Nerve Disorders Nerve entrapments Carpel Tunnel Syndrome
Neurovascular Disorder Hand Arm Vibration Syndrome Thoracic Outlet Syndrome
Location of Upper Extremity Disorders
Overview of Symptoms
Ganglion Cyst Synovial sheath swells and holds fluid Often seen in the wrist as a bump
Epicondylitis (lateral and medial) Unsheathed tendons become irritated Pain that extends from elbow through forearm
Overview of Symptoms
Tenosynovitis Swelling of the synovial sheath Pain and swelling
Tendonitis Tendon becomes inflamed Pain, swelling, weakness, tenderness
Overview of Symptoms
Nerve entrapmentsCarpel tunnel syndrome
Swelling of the tendons in the wrist area that place pressure on the median nerve
Symptoms include pain, numbness, and tingling of the hand (thumb and first 3 digits)
Overview of Symptoms Neurovascular disorders
Thoracic Outlet Syndrome Compression of the nerves and blood vessels of
the neck and shoulder Symptoms like CTS extending up the arm
Hand Arm Vibration Syndrome Disorder of the small vessels and nerves of the
fingers and hand Results from vibrating hand tools Localized blanching at the fingertips with
numbness on exposure to cold or vibration
Back Pain
2nd leading ailment that affects the 25–50 age group
Back injuries account for ~ 20% of all workplace injuries and illnesses
Costs $20-50 billion a year
The Spinal Column
•7 cervical vertebrae
•12 thoracic vertebrae
•5 lumbar vertebrae
•5 sacral vertebrae
•4 coccygeal vertebrae
The BasicsTwo Basic Structures
1. Vertebrae
2. Discs
Injuries of the Back
Pinched nervesStatic postures, improper postureAcute trauma
Pulled MusclesHeavy lifting Improper lifting technique
Symptoms of Back Pain
Pain (dull, consistent and sharp) Numbness Tingling Aching
What if I do not have MSDs
www.bls.gov
A Proactive Problem-Solving Approach
1. Look for Clues
2. Prioritize Job Improvements
3. Make Improvements
4. Follow-Up
Body Part Discomfort Map
Body Part Discomfort Map
Body Part Discomfort Map
Look for Clues – Observe Work Activities
o Physical Work Risk Factorso Lifting/forceful movements, awkward postures, whole body vibration
o Unnecessary handling of materials
o Symptomatic Worker Behaviorso Fatigue, discomfort, ‘pain behaviors’, etc.
o Increased absenteeism, turnover rates or complaints and reduced
morale
o Workplace Design Issueso Are workers modifying tools, equipment, or workstations on their own?
o Malfunctioning equipment
o Productivity Issueso Production bottlenecks, reduced level of quality, missed deadlines,
increase in waste/scrap, etc.
Look for Clues – Use Assessment Tools
o Checklistso General Ergonomics Evaluations
o Risk Factor / Activity Specific
o Task Analyses
Early Detection Program