decoding the issues with soil & water contamination

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Page 3: Decoding the Issues with Soil & Water Contamination

www.estcal.comwww.estcal.comElectronic Sensor Technology, Inc.

Severe Cases of Soil & Water Contamination!

90 million tons of hazardous wastes get dumped into soil and

water each year in EU.

Explosives were found in the groundwater of the

Milan Army Ammunition Plant.

Soil of the Louisiana Army Ammunition Plant found

contaminated with 10000, 1900 & 900 mg/kg of TNT, RDX & HMX, respectively.

The Pantex Plant used during World War II by the U.S. Army is highly

contaminated with explosives.

In the US, the army alone has estimated that over 1.2 million tons of soils

have been contaminated with explosives.

Page 6: Decoding the Issues with Soil & Water Contamination

www.estcal.comwww.estcal.comElectronic Sensor Technology, Inc.

1 gm of soil was weighed into a 2 ml vial.

One ml of acetone was added to the vial and the mixture was shaken vigorously for 3 minutes and then centrifuged.

A known quantity of liquid was then extracted and measured into a

new vial where it was diluted up to 1000:1 with acetone.

One microliter of diluted liquid was then injected into the inlet of the zNose®, maintained at 200°C.

Soil Testing:

Page 8: Decoding the Issues with Soil & Water Contamination

www.estcal.comwww.estcal.comElectronic Sensor Technology, Inc.

Water was analyzed using Supelco Sep-Pak RDX SPE cartridges.

Each cartridge was conditioned by running 15 ml of acetonitrile followed by 30 ml

reagent grade water through it at 10 ml/minute.

100 ml of the water sample was then drawn through the cartridge at the same rate

using an adjustable valve and a vacuum system to maintain flow.

The cartridge was then flushed with 5 ml of acetonitrile resulting in a 20:1

concentration step.

One microliter of the extract was then injected into the zNose®.

Water Testing: