date - nottinghamshire · web viewhindi is the official language of india and is very similar to...
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Achievement & Equality Team
Information on India and the Hindi language
Thou art the ruler of the minds of all peopleDispenser of India’s destiny
Thy name rouses the hearts of Punjab, Sind, Gujarat and MarathaOf the Dravida and Orissa and Bengal
National Anthem of India
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INDIA AT A GLANCE
Location – South AsiaNeighbours – Burma, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Nepal, China, Sri LankaSize – 1,222,559 square milesPopulation – 1,116,079,217 (2nd)Life Expectancy – 67/72Capital city – New Delhi
Potted HistoryPart of the Mughal Empire before colonisation by Britain, India gained independence in 1947, with its western region splitting off to form Pakistan. In 1971 India helped create Bangladesh. In 1984 the prime minister Indira Ghandi was assassinated, a fate also suffered by her son. India emerged as a major economic power with nuclear weapons a decade later.
Political pressure pointsThree issues dominate the political agenda: the crisis in farming, minority insecurity with tensions between Hindus, Muslims and Christians and the rights of Dalits, former untouchables, who suffered centuries of discrimination.
Population mixIndo-Aryan72%, Dravidian 25%, Mongoloid and Other 3%.
Religious makeup Hindu 81%, Muslim 13%, Christian 2%, Sikh 1%.
Main languages Hindi 41%, Bengali 8%, Telugu 7%, Tamil 6%, Urdu 5%, Gujurati 4.5%, Malayalam 3.2%, Oriya 3.2%, Punjabi 2.8%, Assamese 1.3%, Maithili 1.2%, Other 6%.
Living national icons Vikas Swarup (author), Arundhati Roy (author), Sachin Tendulkar (cricketer).
Websitewww.parliamentofindia.nin.in
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The Nottinghamshire Context
Most new arrivals from India come to Nottinghamshire for economic reasons. Parents / carers are often involved in the health industry and NHS, working in hospitals and private care homes. Often they are in skilled jobs such as nursing, especially as there have been restrictions for unskilled migrants from outside the EU. Some also come to join family members already established in Nottinghamshire.
Education in India
Children start school at three or four.
The primary stage consists of classes 1 to 4 (1 to 5 in some states).
The middle stage comprises classes 6 to 8 (5 to 7 in some states).
The secondary stage consists of classes 9 and 10 (8 to 10 in some
states).
Regional languages are the medium of instruction at the primary
stage of education.
Teaching of English is generally compulsory in classes 6 to 10 in
most states.
While about 90 per cent of children enrol in primary school, many
do not attend regularly.
In all states public examinations are held at the end of class 10 and
12 by the respective state boards of secondary and higher
secondary education.
Families who can afford the cost of tuition and uniforms often prefer
to send their children to English-medium private schools.
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Information about the Hindi Language
Hindi is an Indo-European language spoken all over India in varying degrees and extensively in northern and central India, it is one of the 22 official languages of India and is also used for central government administrative purposes , along with English. Its 487 million speakers rank it as one of the leading languages of the world but it is, nevertheless, understood by only about one-third of Indian’s population. Speakers of Hindi are also to be found in many scattered parts of the world such as, Bangladesh, Belize, Botswana, Canada, Germany, Guyana, Kenya, Nepal, New Zealand, Philippines, Singapore, South Africa, Suriname, Trinidad, Uganda, UAE, UK, USA, Yemen and Zambia. Hindi is closely related to Urdu, the main language of Pakistan, which is written with the Arabic script.Like most of the languages of northern India, Hindi is descended from Sanskrit. Hindi is the official language of India and is very similar to Urdu though the former is written in the Sanskrit characters and the latter in the Perso-Arabic script. Pure Hindi derives most of its vocabulary from Sanskrit, while Urdu contains many words from Persian and Arabic. The basis of both languages is actually Hindustani, the colloquial from of speech that served as the lingua franca of much of India for more than four centuries. Hindi was originally a variety of Hindustani spoken in the area of New Delhi. Its development into a national language had its beginnings in the colonial period, when the British began to cultivate it as a standard language among government officials. Later it was used for literary purposes and has since become the vehicle for some excellent prose and poetry. English words of Hindi origin include cot, loot, thug, chintz, bandanna, dungaree, rajah, pundit, coolie, tom-tom, and juggernaut.
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Words and Phrases
English Hindi easy pronunciation
Hi or hello Namaste
Good morning! Suprabhaat
Good evening! shubh sundhyaa.
Welcome! (to greet someone) aapka swaagat hai!
mr.../ mrs.…/ miss… Shree../shreematee…/kumaari…/kumar (master)
What is your name? tumhara /aapka naam kya hai ?
my name is: Mera naam...
how are you?: aap kaise hain?
how much is this?: ye kitne ka hai?
mother matha
father Pitha
brother Bhaiy
sister Bahen
maternal -grandfather/motherpaternal-grandfather/grandmother
Nana/ Nanee maanDada /dadee maan
how old are you? tumhara naam kya hai?
I am ….. years old. Main dus saal ki hoon.
how are you? Tum kaisi ho?
very well bahot acche.
do you understand? Tum samaj rahe ho?
I do not understand. mein nahi samaj rahi.
could you please tell me the way to..?: kripya raasta bataiye..?
where can I find?: kahan milenge?
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yes haan
no naheen
please: kripaya
thank you: shukhriya
sorry: maaf kijiye
ok: theek hai
I’m lost hum kho gaye hain.
Can I help you? kya mein aapki madad kar sakta/ sakti (female) hoon?
Can you help me? kya aap meri madad kar saktey hain?
I mein
he woh / usne
she woh
you tum / aap (respect)
it yeh
a ek
come aao / aaiye (respect)
open kholo / kholiye (respect) / kholna
walk chalo / chaliye ( respect) / chalna (to walk)
what kya
is hai / hein (respect)
your tumhara / aapka (respect)
name naam
what did you do? tumne / aapne (respect) kya kiya ?
what can I do? mein kya kar sakta hoon ?
what are the questions? kya sawal hein ?
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what were the questions? kya sawal the ?
what is the last question? aakhiri sawal kya hai ?
what is written in the letter? khat mein kya likha hai ?
what will be the answer? jawab kya hoga ?
how did you write? tumne kaise likha ?
which is your favourite colour? tumhara /aapka pasandida rang kaun sa hai?
which story did you tell? tumne kaunsi kahani batayee ?
where are you coming from? aap / tum kahan se aa rahe ho ?
is it a book? kya yeh kitab hai ?
yes, it is a book haan, yeh kitab hai
is it the answer? kya yeh jawab hai?
yes, it is the answer haan yehi jawab hai.
will you give me your pen? kya tum mujhe apna pen doge ?
yes, of course. haan, zaroor
can you give me your pen? kya tum mujhe apna pen de sakte ho?
can you write the exam? kya tum pariksha likh sakte ho ?
did you have your lunch? kya tumne dopehar ka khana khaya ?
how are you? tum kaise ho / aap kaise hain ?
I am fine main achha hoon
teacher adhyaapak
book kitaab
read parnah
write likho
listen sunana
lunch Dopahar ka khana
school pathshala
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I am hungry mein bhukha hun
my friend mere dost
Red/ pink/black/white/green Laal/ gulabi/kala/safeid/hara
Orange/blue Santri/neela
Monday somavarTuesday mangalvarWednesday budhavarThursday guruvarFriday shukravarSaturday shanivarSunday ravivarzero shuneiaone ek
two do
three tin
four char
five panch
six chheh
seven saat
eight aath
nine nau
ten das
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Useful guidance is available from:
New Arrivals Excellence Programme Guidance (2007) Ref 00650 – 2007BKT- ENwww.nationalstrategies.standards.dcsf.gov.ukThis resource is for primary and secondary schools and contains guidance on admission and developing classroom practice.
A language in common: assessing English as an additional languageQCA (2000) (QCA/00/584). www.qcda.gov.uk/resources/6200aspx This document sets out steps used in assessment of EAL, linked to English National Curriculum levels. It provides guidance and exemplifications.
Aiming High: guidance on supporting the education of asylum seeking and refugee children (DfES 0287 – 2004)www.standards.dcsf.gov.uk/ethnicminorites/links_and_publications/AH_Gdnc_AS_RFG_Apr04?asylumguidance.pdf This guidance helps explain the value of an inclusive ethos and curriculum to all pupils.
Aiming High: meeting the needs of newly arrived learners of EAL Nottinghamshire Achievement & Equality Team
Achievement & Equality Team
(DfES 1381 -2005) www.standards.dcsf.gov.uk/primary/publications/inclusion/newarrivalsInformation on working with newly arrived isolated EAL pupils in settings that have little or no access to EAL support.
Excellence and enjoyment: learning and teaching for bilingual children in the primary years (DfES 0013 – 2006PCK- EN)
Key Stage 3 National Strategy: Access and engagement in English:teaching pupils for whom English is an additional language (DfES 0609 – 2002)
Publications/Catalogues are available from:
MUNDI Tel: 0115 8546418MundiGlobal Education CentreFoxhall LodgeFoxhall RoadNottinghamNG7 6LHwww.mundi.org.uk (under construction/Aug 2010)Mundi loan resources to schools in Nottinghamshire free for up to half a term e-mail: [email protected]
GRANT AND CUTLER Tel: 0207 734 201255-57 Great Marlborough Street, London'England W1F 7AYWeb: http://www.grantandcutler.com/index.html
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A one-stop shop for foreign language resources including language-learning material, reference books, technical dictionaries, literature, history, politics etc.
MILET Publishing Ltd Tel: 0207 603 54776 North End ParadeLondon W14 0SJEngland Web: http://www.milet.com
Milet publishers a wide range of bilingual picture dictionaries, including board books for use in early years settings.
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TRENTHAM BOOKS LTD Tel: 01782 745567Westview House,734 London Road, Stoke on Trent,UKST4 5NP Web: http://www.trentham-books.co.uk
Trentham publishes 'a wide range of titles plus seven professional journals, mainly in the field of education and social policy.
MANTRA LINGUA Tel: 0208 44 55 123Global House303 Ballards LaneLondonN12 8NPUKWeb: http://www.mantralingua.com .
Mantra Lingua creative learning resources Audio CDs, Big Books, e-books, fun tales, folk tales, friezes, games, language learning, packs posters, story props, toys videos and so on.
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Classroom Resources are available from:
Interactive video clips showing children teaching their home languages.www.newburypark.redbridge.sch.uk/langofmonth
The following website translates words, phrases and short paragraphs from English to Hindi available atwww.foreignword.com .
DLTK's Crafts for Kids features a variety images that can be used for creating pupils own subject-specific dictionaries.http://www.dltk-kids.com
Activities for ESL Students can be adapted for EAL pupils in primary and secondary schools. Has bilingual quizzes in large number of languages, available at http://a4esl.org
Omniglot writing systems and languages of the world available at http://www.omniglot.com
EMA Online resource base for teachers has been developed by Birmingham, Leeds and Manchester LAs with funding from the DfES, available at http://www.emaonline.org.uk .
Racist bullying, Advice designed for schools to dip in and out as appropriate for them and offers discussion topics and activities to stimulate debate and spark activity involving everyone in the school community, available at; http://www.teachernet.gov.uk/wholeschool/behaviour/tacklingbullying/racistbullying.
Teachernet states that a successful home–school relationship can be a key element in making a school stronger and more effective. In particular, it can make a real difference to groups of underachieving pupils and their families, available at
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