darwinism final pwrpnt

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Charles Darwin

“A man who dares towaste one hour of

time has not

discovered the valueof life.”

Tanner, Austin, Logan



video

• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9Fpy63S0

5Vw&feature=results_video&playnext=1&list=

PL6DBAEC65AA8F5C8E

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9Fpy63S05Vw&feature=results_video&playnext=1&list=PL6DBAEC65AA8F5C8E








Early Life

• Born: February 12, 1809

• Shrewsbury, England

• Died: April 19, 1882

• Describes himself as being a rather "naughty"child.

• Charles Darwin was a lazy young man, and a slow

learner in school. He was at first educated by hissister, Caroline, before attending Revd. Case'sgrammar school in Shrewsbury.



Early Life

• The first sparks of interest in natural historywere developed very early in his childhood.Darwin relates how his mother, Susannah,

taught him how to change the color of flowersby giving them water mixed with foodcoloring.

• As a young boy he delighted in collectingminerals, insects, coins, stamps and other oddbits.



About darwin

• He developed his love of natural science throughhiking, reading books, and chemistry at an early age.

• As he got older, his love and interest for natural sciencebecame deeper:

• -Learned how to stuff animals

• -Read aninteresting book on natural history

• -Spent time at the natural history museum in

Edinburgh• -Joined the Plinian Society

• -Became a good friend of Professor Robert Grant.



Voyage of the Beagle

• Darwin was offered the position of naturalist

for the second voyage of H. M. S. Beagle to

survey the coast of South America. The Beagle

left in December 1831 and returned in October

1836. During the voyage Darwin studied many

different plants and animals and collected

many specimens, concentrating on locationand habits.



Voyage of the Beagle

• Darwin noticed on the trip that certain types of organisms existed only in certain areas and thatmany organisms had gone through changes that

made it easier for them to survive in certainenvironments.

• He studied a type of bird called a finch andrealized that there were over a dozen different

kinds. The size and shape of the beaks of thesebirds differed depending on what kind of foodwas available in the area each lived in.



Major Published Works

• The Zoology of the Voyage of H.M.S. Beagle

•

The Descent of Man

• On the Origin of Species



sources

• http://www.notablebiographies.com/Co-

Da/Darwin-Charles.html#b

• http://darwin-online.org.uk/contents.html

• http://www.aboutdarwin.com/darwin/WhoW

as.html

http://www.notablebiographies.com/Co-Da/Darwin-Charles.html


http://darwin-online.org.uk/contents.html

http://www.aboutdarwin.com/darwin/WhoWas.html














Ideas Prior To Darwin

• Lamarck and others believed that evolution

was guided by a long-term trend.

• Lamarck thought that life strove over time to

rise from simple single-celled forms to

complex ones.

• Many German biologists believed life and

evolution followed predetermined rules.



Darwin’s Theory

• Species change over time and space.

• Forms of a creature now resemble but are not

the same as those that live in the past.

• Forms of creatures living in different

geographic areas might be the same species

but have a slight difference do to distance.

• This is even shown in fossils dating hundreds

of thousands of years ago



Darwin’s Theory Cont’d

• Organisms are related to other organisms in pasttimes - Far enough back any organism can relateto another.

• Humans shared a ancestry with chimpanzeesabout 8 million years ago, with whales about 60million years ago, and with kangaroos over 100million years ago.

• Shared ancestry explains the similarities of

organisms that are classified together - theirsimilarities reflect the inheritance of traits froman ancestor in the past.



Darwin’s Theory Cont’d

• Evolutionary change, or Natural Selection, is along slow process.

• This is proven through documents on

organisms then and now and through fossilrecords.

• This process could be considered slow by a

few years or so to long in which progresswould be shown through hundreds orthousands of years.



Natural Selection

• Variation. Organisms (within populations) exhibit individualvariation in appearance and behavior. These variations mayinvolve body size, hair color, facial markings, voiceproperties, or number of offspring.

• Inheritance. Some traits are consistently passed on fromparent to offspring. Other traits are strongly influenced byenvironmental conditions and show weak heritability.

• High rate of population growth. Most populations havemore offspring each year than local resources can supportleading to a struggle for resources.

• Individuals possessing traits well suited for the struggle forlocal resources will contribute more offspring to the nextgeneration, carrying on their “legacy” so to speak.



Darwin’s Famous Finches



The “Peppered” Moth



The Rat Snake



Works Cited

• "Evolution and Natural Selection." Evolution and Natural Selection.University of Michigan, 10, Oct, 2012. Web. 13 Mar 2012.<http://globalchange.umich.edu/globalchange1/current/lectures/selection/selection.html>.

• Natural Selection, . "Natural Selection: Charles Darwin & Alfred

Russel Wallace." Understanding evolution. University of California,Berkely, 2012. Web. 13 Mar 2012.<http://evolution.berkeley.edu/evolibrary/article/history_14>.

• O'Neil, D.. "Darwin and Natural Selection." Early theories of evolution. anthro.palomar.edu, 2011. Web. 13 Mar 2012.<http://anthro.palomar.edu/evolve/evolve_2.htm>.

• Rothman, R.. "Land Birds." Darwins finhes. [email protected], n.d.Web. 13 Mar 2012.<http://people.rit.edu/rhrsbi/GalapagosPages/DarwinFinch.html>.



Sexual Selection

Concept introduce by Darwin in “The

Origin of Species”.



Sexual Selection

• The sexual selection concept arises from the

observation that many animals develop

features whose function is not to help

individuals survive, but help them to maximizetheir reproductive success.



Sexual Selection

• Sexual Selection not on a struggle for

existence, but on a struggle between the

males for possession of the females; the result

is usually not death to the unsuccessful

competitor, but few or no offspring.

• An example of this is two whitetail bucks



Sexual Selection

• When males and females of any animal have

the same general habits of life, but differ in

structure, color, or ornament is caused by

sexual selection.



Sexual selection



Deer Antlers

• Male deer also called bucks grow a new set of

antlers every year.

• They start growing around End of April and into

May, and they shed them around January andFebruary.

• During peek growing stage in the late summer

months, antlers can grown up to ½ inch per day.• The growth depends on the genes, and nutrition

of the deer.



Deer Antlers

• When antler growth begins the antlers or

bone grows with a velvet structure with is full

of blood vessels and carries the nutrients and

protein needed for the antler to grow.

• The antlers on a buck are his main source of

defending himself, his territory, and overall

getting his pick of the does.



Whitetails

Velvet Buck No Velvet



All Species

• All male species have tendencies to be the

dominate male in the group, also known as

the Alfa male.

• Wild turkeys show this by a form of show with

their feathers called strutting.

• Most male ground birds have some form of

strut to attract attention from the females,

and also show dominance.



Strutting



Ruffed Grouse

• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fcJ5as1Okj

o&feature=related

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fcJ5as1Okjo&feature=related






Wild Turkey

• Wild male turkeys called “toms” use several

ways to show dominance among other birds.

• They strut or display their feathers to make

them look big and attract female turkeys or“hens”.

• Toms are equipped with a set of spurs for

fighting other turkeys and predators.• Turkey spurs can grow over an inch and half

and are sharp.



Wild turkeys

Typically the older the bird the longer and sharper the spurs are.



Territory

• Almost all male species guard and protect

their territories.

• They do this by showing dominance, such as

fighting or strutting.

• Whitetail bucks to this by marking trees with

their antlers called “rubs”, and also marking

ground with their hooves called “scrapes”.



Rubs & Scrapes

Rub Scrape



Territory

• Bucks also have very strong scent glands like a

lot of male species, they use these scent

glands to also mark territories.



Big Horn Sheep

• Males also called “Rams” use there massive

horns to fight with other rams for females and

dominance.

• Rams have been seen fighting for over 24

hours, and their horns can weigh up to 30

pounds.

• They can reach speeds up to 20 mph before

impact.



Big Horn Sheep

• The fighting continues until one ram gives up,

or serious injury occurs.

• Rams have thick boned skulls that help protect

them from the impact.



Big Horn Sheep



The Fight

• http://youtu.be/zj8istSAMoY

http://youtu.be/zj8istSAMoY

http://youtu.be/zj8istSAMoY



State Bird

• Kentucky’s state bird is the cardinal or also

called the red bird.

• The northern cardinal is a songbird, attracting

females through bird singing.

• The males and females differ in color, male

being more bright red and the female with

orange undertone.



Red Bird

Male Female



Importance of Wildlife

• Wildlife pays a vital role for human existence,

and resources.

• Wildlife, in fact, comprises of the innumerous

varieties of wild plants, animals, fungi and

microorganisms that exist on our planet earth,

rather than just cultivated plants and

domesticated animals.



Wildlife

• The food we eat, the clothes we wear, themedicines we consume, a variety of buildingmaterials used for construction, numerous

chemicals used for manufacturing ournecessities, all are extracted from the wildlifeexisting around us.

• It is important to study and understand how

animals act and react to each other, an theirenvironment.



Wildlife

• Since prehistoric times, animals have been

highly useful to us in providing food, clothing

and source of income.



Wildlife

• Wildlife plays an essential role in theecological and biological processes that areyet again significant to life. The normal

functioning of the biosphere depends onendless interactions amongst animals, plants,and microorganisms. This, in turn, maintainsand enhances human life further. To add on,

these ecological processes are vital foragriculture, forestry, fisheries and otherendeavors that support human life.



Darwin

• Charles Darwin gave us ideals and theory's

that we can use today in discovering why

animals act and do the things they do.

darwinism final pwrpnt

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