Dark matter and dark energy in the Coma Cluster

A.D. Chernin, G.S. Bisnovatyi-Kogan

Collaborators:

P. Teerikorpi, M.J. Valtonen, G.G. Byrd, M. Merafina

HST: Coma is the largest well-studied cluster of galaxies

HST

ROSAT: COMA IN X-RAYS

Planck: COMA in CMB (SZ)

COMA CLUSTER (Abell 1656)

Zwicky (1933): DARK MATTER DISCOVERY

(2012): UPPER BOUND to the COMA DARK MATTER MASS &

DETECTION of DARK ENERGY inside COMA

Coma mass (h = 0.7) Zwicky (1933): M = 3 • 1014 Msun

Colles (2006): M = 4.4 • 1014 Msun, R = 1.4 Mpc

The & White (1999): M = 1.9 • 1015 Msun, R = 3 Mpc

Hughes (1989): M = 1.7 • 1015 Msun, R = 3 Mpc

Kubo et al. (2007): M = 2.6 • 1015 Msun, R = 4.8 Mpc

Geller et al. (2011): M = 2.5 • 1015 Msun, R = 14 Mpc

COMA: DE MASS

ME(R) = (4/3) Eeff R3 = − (8/3) ER3

E = 0.7 • 10-29 g/cm3

Eeff = E + 3 pE = -2 E, (pE = - E, c=1)

R = 14 Mpc: ME = - 2.5 • 1015 Msun

| MDE | ≈ M (Geller) !

COMA: DM MASS

MM(R) = 4 (R) R2 dr

COMA: GRAVITATING MASS

MG = MM + ME

R = 14 Mpc: MG = M(Geller) = MM - ME

MM ≈ 2 M(Geller)

NFW DENSITY PROFILE

(R) = 4 (R0)[R/R0(1+ R/R0)2]-1

MM(R) =

= 16 0 R03 [ln(1 + R/R0) − R/R0(1 + R/R0)-1]

With data on R = 1.4 Mpc and R = 4.8 Mpc:

0 = 2 • 10-28 g/cm3, R0 = 5 Mpc

SYSTEM IS GRAVITATIONALLY

BOUND, IF

MG = MM + ME > 0 FROM THIS , UPPER LIMITS:

Rupper = 20 Mpc, MMupper = 9 • 1015 Msun

DARK ENERGY ESTIMATOR

x = | ME | [(8/3) R3]-1

ME = MG - MM

R = 14 Mpc: MG = 2.5 • 1015 Msun

MM = 7.9 • 1015 Msun (NFW)

ME = - 5.4 • 1015 Msun

x = 1.7 • 10-29 g/cm3

NEW DENSITY PROFILE

(R) = (3/4) M*R* [R+ R*]-4

MM(R) = M* R3 (R + R*)-3

With data on R = 1.4 Mpc and R = 4.8 Mpc:

Rupper = 17 Mpc, MMupper = 7 • 1015 Msun

DARK ENERGY ESTIMATOR

x = | ME | [(8/3) R3]-1

WITH ALL THE UNCERTAINTIESin DM PROFILES and OBSERVATIONAL DATA

x = (0.5 – 2) • 10-29 g/cm3

A NEW INDEPENDENT EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE for EINSTEIN’S IDEA of THE COSMOLOGICAL CONSTANT

COMA CLUSTER

Zwicky (1933): DARK MATTER DISCOVERY

(2013): *UPPER BOUND to the COMA DARK MATTER MASS: MMupper = 7 • 1015 Msun

*DETECTION of DARK ENERGY inside COMA:

x = (0.5 – 3) • 10-29 g/cm3