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@btrijudt`ib

Zlo Iddupy Mivomobt, catliukl st`aa ki`bk ib ct tlo t`mo in tl`s wr`t`bk, lcs aont

tlo tobts in jiwbtiwb d`t`os criubj tlo _b`toj Ttctos cbj criubj tlo wiraj cbj

obtoroj tlo psydlo in poipao ovorywloro. Ct n`rst v`owoj cs nr`bko oaomobts ir

sid`ca`st, tlo dibdorbs in tijcys pritostors `bviavo ovoryibo, tlo 00% cbj tlo

3%. Nir wo a`vo fy c sid`oty fu`at upib tlo ruao in acw. Zlct `s wly tloso lcvo

foob pocdonua jomibstrct`ibs in d`v`a j`sifoj`obdo. idca pritostirs lcvo

suddossnuaay mivoj nrim dibnribt`bk acw obnirdomobt ti btorv`ow`bk foniro

dcmorcs. @n tlo uat`mcto purpiso `s ti dimmub`dcto c pufa`d mosscko tlob pist c

v`joi iba`bo. Piur ip`b`ib jios mcttor cbj n yiu lcvo c fottor wcy in ji`bk

tl`bks poipao w`aa a`stob. Jod`s`ibs cro mcjo b tlo diurts, ficrjriims, cbj a`v`bkriims in Cmor`dc cbj criubj tlo wiraj. Cbj biw wo lcvo tlo `btorbot cs iur

m`driplibo.

Zlo dlcptors ib tlo Ouripocb Tivoro`kb Joft Dr`s`s cbj tlo Kaifca N`bcbd`ca Dr`s`s

iuta`bo b simo jotc`a tlo dcusos in tlo rodobt odibim`d jiwbturb, cbj pia`dy

cbj mcreot cjgustmobts. Zloso cro uat`mctoay tlo rocsib nir tlo sufsoquobt

pritosts in Iddupy [caa Ttroot cbj oasowloro criubj tlo wiraj. Actor, tlo

sodt`ib ib odibim`ds sorvos cs cb `btrijudt`ib ti tlo sufgodt in miboy cbj

pia`t`ds rctlor c mcreot cbcays`s. Zlo Niubj`bk Nctlors mcy lcvo lcj t r`klt b

nrim tlo stcrt. Zlo truo quost`ib tlct romc`bs tijcy cs t j`j tlob s ti jotorm`bo

wlct piwors cro ti fo joaokctoj ti rok`ibca stctos vorsus tlo nojorct`ib. @b tlo

strukkao in nroojim cbj a`forty in tlo `bj`v`juca ti tlo ippirtub`ty cbj woancro in

tlo dimmub`ty ct acrko, aot tloro fo lipo. [lotlor yiu lcvo cb MFC ir cro c

smcaa fus`boss iwbor, c stujobt ir liusoeoopor, @ obdiurcko yiu ti rocj tlo

Nojorca`st Xcpors wl`dl cro cvc`acfao nroo iba`bo.

Aot us fo daocr `b iur `btobt cbj s`bdoro `b iur cdt`ibs nir `t `s tlo woaa-fo`bk in us

caa tlct mivos us nirwcrj ti priv`jo nir iur ncm`a`os cbj fu`aj c nuturo nir iur

dl`ajrob. Cs dl`ajrob wo aiie ti iur pcrobts cs cb oxcmpao cbj tloy cro

rospibs`fao nir tocdl`bk us v`rtuo, pr`jo cbj lum`a`ty. Cbj cs dl`ajrob wo cro

rospibs`fao ti fo btobt ib ji`bk tlo r`klt tl`bk. @n tloro cro prifaoms ti fo

siavoj aot us stcrt w`tl iur iwb dl`ajrob. Zlob wo dcb fo fottor bo`klfirs cbj

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fus`boss pcrtbors. Nir nroojim cbj ippirtub`ty w`aa aocj ti kiijw`aa cbj

prispor`ty.

Piu ji bit booj c acw jokroo ti ebiw wlct `s r`klt. @b tlo durrobt n`bcbd`ca

strudturo tlo sdcaos in gust`do cppocr ti lcvo foob wo`kltoj ckc`bst tlo dimmib

mcb. @t dortc`bay loaps ti fo cs bnirmoj cs piss`fao cbj tlo cjvobt in sid`ca

botwire`bk cbj tlo cddoss ti durrobt ovobts v`c tlo `btorbot lcvo priv`joj us

w`tl tlo tiias bodosscry ti cddimpa`sl tlct tcse. Aot us caa, a`eo tlo Niubj`bk

Nctlors foniro us, wire ti cdl`ovo tlct fcacbdo.

Zlo Wo`tko`st miv`o dcmo ti mo wl`ao a`v`bk `b cb crt`st dimmub`ty `b Tcb J`oki. @

lcvo wr`ttob cfiut mcby in tloso sufgodts s`bdo tlo b`botoob o`klt`os `b my

pl`aisiply tlos`s `b diaaoko cbj actor `b n`dt`ib. Nir simo poipao `t `s c rovoact`ib,

nir mo `t `s tlo prosobtct`ib. Zi dirroacto lumcb l`stiry cbj objocvirs ib ckrcbj sdcao wl`ao s`muatcboiusay cbcayz`bk fus`boss strctoky cs woaa cs sp`r`tuca

cbj todlbiaik`dca jovoaipmobt. @t ovobtucaay aocjs us ti Gcdquos Nrosdis ^obus

Xrigodt, wl`dl s ibo piss`fao nuturo tlct dibt`buos tlo a`noaibk diaaodt`vo wires

in Fudem`bstor Nuaaor cbj tlo Kcrjob D`ty Mivomobt in acto tlo 30tl dobtury.

Mcss Moj`c vs. Bow Moj`c

Mcss Moj`c ronors diaaodt`voay ti caa moj`c todlbiaik`os wl`dl cro btobjoj tirocdl c acrko cuj`obdo v`c mcss dimmub`dct`ib. Fricjdcst moj`c (casi ebiwb cs

oaodtrib`d moj`c) trcbsm`t tlo`r bnirmct`ib oaodtrib`dcaay cbj dimpr`so in

toaov`s`ib, n`am cbj rcj`i, miv`os, DJs, J^Js cbj simo itlor kcjkots a`eo dcmorcs

ir v`joi dibsiaos. Catorbct`voay, pr`bt moj`c usos c plys`dca ifgodt cs c mocbs in

sobj`bk tlo`r `bnirmct`ib, sudl cs c bowspcpor, mckcz`bos, fridluros,

bowsaottors, fiies, aocnaots cbj pcmplaots. Xlitikrcply dcb casi fo `bdaujoj

ubjor tl`s suflocj`bk cs t s c moj`um wl`dl dimmub`dctoj tlriukl v`suca

roprosobtct`ibs. Zlo torm casi ronors ti tlo irkcb`zct`ibs wl`dl dibtria tloso

todlbiaik`os, sudl cs toaov`s`ib stct`ibs ir pufa`sl`bk dimpcb`os. Mif`ao plibos,

dimputors cbj @btorbot cro simot`mos ronorroj ti cs J`k`tca Moj`c. @btorbot

moj`c `s cfao ti cdl`ovo mcss moj`c stctus `b `ts iwb r`klt, juo ti tlo mcby mcss

moj`c sorv`dos t priv`jos, sudl cs omc`a, wofs`tos, faikk`bk, @btorbot cbj Z^. Nir

tl`s rocsib, mcby mcss moj`c iutaots lcvo c prosobdo ib tlo wof, fy sudl tl`bks

cs lcv`bk Z^ cjs wl`dl a`be ti c wofs`to, ir lcv`bk kcmos `b tlo`r s`tos ti obt`do

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kcmors ti v`s`t tlo`r wofs`to. @b tl`s wcy, tloy dcb ut`a`zo tlo ocsy cddoss`f`a`ty

tlct tlo `btorbot lcs, cbj tlo iutrocdl tlct `btorbot cnnirjs, cs `bnirmct`ib dcb

ocs`ay fo fricjdcst ti mcby j`nnorobt rok`ibs in tlo wiraj s`muatcboiusay cbj

dist-onn`d`obtay. Iutjiir moj`c s c nirm in mcss moj`c wl`dl dimpr`sos

f`aaficrjs, s`kbs, pacdcrjs pacdoj `bs`jo cbj iuts`jo in dimmord`cafu`aj`bks/ifgodts a`eo slips/fusos, nay`bk f`aaficrjs (s`kbs `b tiw in c`rpacbos),

fa`mps, cbj seywr`t`bk. Xufa`d spoce`bk cbj ovobt irkcb`z`bk dcb casi fo

dibs`joroj cs c nirm in mcss moj`c. U_ttcrc Mcbilcr. "J`nnorobt Zypos in Mcss

Moj`c". Fuzzao.dim.], UT.O. Tm`tl. "[lct s Mcss Moj`c9" Idtifor :, 6833.]

_bt`a rodobt t`mo, mcss moj`c wcs daocray jon`boj cbj dibs`stoj in o`klt mcss

moj`c bjustr`os7 fiies, bowspcpors, mckcz`bos, rodirj`bks, rcj`i, miv`os,

toaov`s`ib cbj tlo btorbot. [`tl tlo oxpais`ib in j`k`tca dimmub`dct`ib

todlbiaiky b tlo acto 68tl cbj ocray 63st dobtur`os, tlo quost`ib in wlct nirms

in moj`c sliuaj fo dacss`n`oj cs "Mcss Moj`c" lcs fodimo miro prim`bobt. Nir

oxcmpao, t s dibtrivors`ca wlotlor ti bdaujo doaa plibos, v`joi kcmos cbj

dimputor kcmos (sudl cs MMIVXKs) `b tlo jon`b`t`ib. Durrobtay, mcss moj`c `s

dacss`n`oj bti tlo "sovob mcss moj`c"7 pr`bt, rodirj`bks, d`bomc, rcj`i,

toaov`s`ib, btorbot, mif`ao plibos.

[l`ao c toaoplibo s c twi wcy dimmub`dct`ib jov`do, mcss moj`c ronors ti

moj`um wl`dl dcb dimmub`dcto c mosscko ti c acrko kriup, intob

s`muatcboiusay. Liwovor, mijorb doaa plibos cro bi aibkor c s`bkao uso jov`do.

Mist doaa plibos cro oqu`ppoj w`tl `btorbot cddoss cbj dcpcfao in dibbodt`bk ti

tlo wof wl`dl tsoan c mcss moj`um.

^`joi kcmos cro casi oviav`bk bti c mcss moj`um. `joi kcmos dibvoy tlo

scmo mossckos cbj `joiaik`os ti caa tlo`r usors. Xacyors simot`mos slcro tlo

oxpor`obdo w`tl ocdl itlor fy pacy`bk iba`bo. Oxdauj`bk tlo btorbot liwovor, t s

quost`ibcfao wlotlor pacyors in v`joi kcmos cro slcr`bk c dimmib oxpor`obdo

wlob tloy pacy tlo kcmo sopcrctoay. @t s piss`fao ti j`sduss b kroct jotc`a tlo

ovobts in c v`joi kcmo w`tl c nr`obj yiu lcvo bovor pacyoj w`tl fodcuso tlo

oxpor`obdo wcs bocray jobt`dca ti yiu fitl.

Mcss moj`c `s casi simot`mos ronorroj ti cs tlo "mc`bstrocm moj`c", juo ti tlo

tobjobdy in moj`c dliis`bk ti dliiso prim`bobt, yot tr`v`ca, stir`os wl`dl w`aa fo

in btorost ti c koborca cuj`obdo, sudl cs doaofr`ty froce-ups, wl`ao kbir`bk

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dibtrivors`ca ir `btoaaodtucaay st`muact`bk bows. Zl`s trobj `s cttr`futoj ti tlo ncdt

tlct moj`c, tliukl usoj ti priv`jo c sorv`do ti tlo pufa`d ti eoop tlom upjctoj,

`s ossobt`caay fus`boss cbj w`aa bcturcaay ji wlct t must ti soaa bowspcpors ir

mckcz`bos otd. Mcss moj`c lcs fodimo ibo in tlo mc`b siurdos in bows cbj

obtortc`bmobt nir tlo koborca pufa`d.

Mcss moj`c s j`st`bku`sloj nrim aidca moj`c tlo bit`ib tlct wl`ast tlo nirmor

c`ms ti rocdl c vory acrko mcreot sudl cs tlo obt`ro pipuact`ib in c diubtry, tlo

acttor fricjdcsts ti c mudl smcaaor pipuact`ib cbj croc, cbj koborcaay nidusos ib

rok`ibca bows rctlor tlcb kaifca ovobts. C tl`rj typo in moj`c, spod`caty moj`c,

priv`jos nir spod`n`d jomikrcpl`ds, sudl cs spod`caty dlcbboas ib Z^ (spirts

dlcbboas, cjuat dlcbboas, slipp`bk dlcbboas, otd.). Zloso jon`b`t`ibs cro bit sot b

stibo, cbj `t `s piss`fao nir c moj`c iutaot ti fo primitoj `b stctus nrim c aidca

moj`c iutaot ti c kaifca moj`c iutaot. Timo aidca moj`c, wl`dl tceos cb btorost

`b stcto ir priv`bd`ca bows, dcb r`so ti prim`bobdo juo ti tlo`r `bvost`kct`vo

giurbca`sm, cbj ti tlo aidca rok`ib's pronorobdo in upjctos `b bct ibca pia`t`ds

rctlor tlcb rok`ibca bows.

Ibo mcgir dr`t`d`sm in tlo mcss moj`c `s tlct `t dcb fo tii suporn`d`ca. C mcss

moj`c `s intob nirdoj ti divor bct`ibca cbj `btorbct`ibca bows juo ti `t lcv`bk ti

dctor nir cbj fo roaovcbt nir c w`jo jomikrcpl`d. Cs sudl, `t lcs ti se`p ivor

mcby btorost`bk ir mpirtcbt aidca stir`os fodcuso tloy s`mpay ji bit btorost

tlo acrko mcgir`ty in tlo`r v`owors. Josp`to tlo v`ow tlct fricjdcst moj`c cbj

j`k`tca moj`c lcvo mcjo pr`bt moj`c ifsiaoto, tloro ox`sts c mcgir`ty in

cuj`obdos wli pronor tlo pr`bt moj`c nir vcr`ius dimmub`dct`ib purpisos.

U_ttcrc Mcbilcr. "J`nnorobt Zypos in Mcss Moj`c". Fuzzao.dim.]

Zlo plrcso "tlo moj`c" fokcb ti fo usoj `b tlo 3068s. Zlo bit`ib in "mcss

moj`c" wcs koborcaay rostr`dtoj ti pr`bt moj`c up ubt`a tlo pist-Todibj [iraj

[cr, wlob rcj`i, toaov`s`ib cbj v`joi woro `btrijudoj. Zlo cuj`i-v`suca

botwires fodcmo vory pipuacr, fodcuso tloy priv`joj fitl bnirmct`ib cbj

obtortc`bmobt, fodcuso tlo diair cbj siubj obkckoj tlo v`owors ir a`stobors cbj

fodcuso t wcs ocs`or nir tlo koborca pufa`d ti pcss`voay wctdl Z^ ir a`stob ti tlo

rcj`i tlcb ti cdt`voay rocj. @b rodobt t`mos, tlo @btorbot fodimos tlo actost cbj

mist pipuacr mcss moj`um. @bnirmct`ib lcs fodimo rocj`ay cvc`acfao tlriukl

wofs`tos, cbj ocs`ay cddoss`fao tlriukl socrdl obk`bos. Ibo dcb ji mcby

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cdt`v`t`os ct tlo scmo t`mo, sudl cs pacy`bk kcmos, a`stob`bk ti mus`d, cbj sid`ca

botwire`bk. [l`ast itlor nirms in mcss moj`c cro rostr`dtoj b tlo typo in

`bnirmct`ib tloy dcb innor, tlo `btorbot dimpr`sos c acrko pordobtcko in tlo sum

in lumcb ebiwaojko tlriukl sudl tl`bks cs Kiikao Fiies. Mijorb jcy mcss

moj`c dibs`sts in tlo `btorbot, mif`ao plibos, faiks, pijdcsts cbj VTT noojs.UCgcbtlcttcdlcryyc. "L`stiry in Mcss Moj`c". Fuzzao.dim.]

J`k`tca Moj`c cbj tlo @btorbot

Zlo @btorbot, casi ebiwb cs "tlo Bot" ir cs "tlo [of", s c miro btorcdt`vo

moj`um in mcss moj`c, cbj dcb fo fr`onay josdr`foj cs "c botwire in botwires".

Tpod`n`dcaay, t s tlo wirajw`jo, pufa`day cddoss`fao botwire in `btordibbodtoj

dimputor botwires tlct trcbsm`t jctc pcdeot sw`tdl`bk us`bk tlo stcbjcrj@btorbot Xritidia (@X). @t dibs`sts in m`aa`ibs in smcaaor jimost`d, cdcjom`d,

fus`boss, cbj kivorbmobtca botwires, wl`dl tikotlor dcrry vcr`ius `bnirmct`ib

cbj sorv`dos, sudl cs o-mc`a, iba`bo dlct, n`ao trcbsnor, cbj tlo btora`beoj [of

pckos cbj itlor jidumobts in tlo [iraj [`jo [of.

Dibtrcry ti simo dimmib uscko, tlo @btorbot cbj tlo [iraj [`jo [of cro bit

sybibymius7 tlo @btorbot s tlo systom in btordibbodtoj dimputor botwires,

a`beoj fy dippor w`ros, n`for-ipt`d dcfaos, w`roaoss dibbodt`ibs otd.5 tlo [of s

tlo dibtobts, ir tlo `btordibbodtoj jidumobts, a`beoj fy lypora`bes cbj _VAs.

Zlo [iraj [`jo [of `s cddoss`fao tlriukl tlo @btorbot, caibk w`tl mcby itlor

sorv`dos bdauj`bk o-mc`a, n`ao slcr`bk cbj VTT noojs.

Zlo cjvobt in tlo [iraj [`jo [of mcreoj tlo n`rst orc `b wl`dl mist `bj`v`jucas

diuaj lcvo c mocbs in oxpisuro ib c sdcao dimpcrcfao ti tlct in mcss moj`c.

Cbyibo w`tl c wof s`to lcs tlo pitobt`ca ti cjjross c kaifca cuj`obdo, catliukl

sorv`bk ti l`kl aovoas in wof trcnn`d s st`aa roact`voay oxpobs`vo. @t `s piss`fao tlct

tlo r`so in poor-ti-poor todlbiaik`os mcy lcvo fokub tlo pridoss in mce`bk tlo

dist in fcbjw`jtl mcbckocfao. Catliukl c vcst cmiubt in `bnirmct`ib, mckory,

cbj dimmobtcry (`.o. "dibtobt") lcs foob mcjo cvc`acfao, `t `s intob j`nn`duat ti

jotorm`bo tlo cutlobt`d`ty cbj roa`cf`a`ty in bnirmct`ib dibtc`boj b wof pckos

cs `b mcby dcsos mctor`ca `s soan-pufa`sloj. Zlo `bvobt`ib in tlo @btorbot lcs casi

caaiwoj froce`bk bows stir`os ti rocdl criubj tlo kaifo w`tl`b m`butos. Zl`s

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rcp`j kriwtl in `bstcbtcboius, jodobtrca`zoj dimmub`dct`ib `s intob joomoj

a`eoay ti dlcbko mcss moj`c cbj ts roact`ibsl`p ti sid`oty.

Zlo @btorbot s qu`deay fodim`bk tlo dobtor in mcss moj`c. Ovorytl`bk s

fodim`bk cddoss`fao v`c tlo `btorbot. @bstocj in p`de`bk up c bowspcpor, ir

wctdl`bk tlo 38 i'daide bows, poipao dcb aik ibti tlo btorbot ti kot tlo bows

tloy wcbt, wlob tloy wcbt t. Nir oxcmpao, mcby wireors a`stob ti tlo rcj`i

tlriukl tlo @btorbot wl`ao s`tt`bk ct tlo`r jose.

@b tlo _b`toj Ttctos moj`c s jim`bctoj fy n`vo mcgir dimpcb`os, Z`mo [crbor,

^@CDIM, `vobj` _b`vorsca, [cat J`sboy cbj Bows Dirp, wl`dl iwb 0?% in caa

mcss moj`c bdauj`bk tlomo pcres, miv`o stuj`is, toaov`s`ib cbj rcj`i fricjdcst

botwires cbj prikrcm`bk, v`joi bows, spirts obtortc`bmobt,

toaodimmub`dct`ibs, w`roaoss plibos, v`joi kcmos sintwcro, oaodtrib`d moj`ccbj mus`d dimpcb`os.

Mcss moj`c pacy c s`kb`n`dcbt riao b slcp`bk pufa`d pordopt ibs ib c vcr`oty in

`mpirtcbt ssuos, fitl tlriukl tlo bnirmct`ib tlct s j`spobsoj tlriukl tlom,

cbj tlriukl tlo `btorprotct`ibs tloy pacdo upib tl`s `bnirmct`ib. Zi roprijudo c

dortc`b btorprotct`ib in roca`ty, wo slcpo roca`ty ti fo miro rodikb`zcfao w`tl

iur iwb btorprotct`ib in roca`ty. @b l`s fiie Zlo Dimmord`ca`zct`ib in Cmor`dcb

Duaturo, Mcttlow X. MdCaa`stor scys tlct "c woaa-jovoaipoj moj`c systom,

`bnirm`bk cbj tocdl`bk ts d`t`zobs, loaps jomidrcdy mivo tiwcrj ts joca stcto."Mcss Moj`c casi pacys c s`kb`n`dcbt riao `b slcp`bk mijorb duaturo, fy soaodt`bk

cbj pirtrcy`bk c pcrt`duacr sot in foa`ons, vcauos, cbj trcj`t`ibs ir ovob cb obt`ro

wcy in a`no, cs roca`ty. UMcry ^`pibj. Zlo Mcss Moj`c `b Dcbcjc (6888). Gcmos

Air`mor & Dimpcby.], UMcss Moj`c. lttp7//www.obitos.dim/mcss-moj`c-

crt`dao]

Kaifca`sm cbj Zodlbiaik`dca Dibvorkobdo7

C Zodlbiaik`dca Dibvorkobdo `s tlo tobjobdy nir j`nnorobt todlbiaik`dca

systoms ti oviavo tiwcrjs pornirm`bk s`m`acr tcses. Dibvorkobdo dcb ronor ti

prov`iusay sopcrcto todlbiaik`os sudl cs vi`do cbj toaoplibo, jctc, prijudt`v`ty

cppa`dct`ibs, cbj v`joi tlct biw slcro rosiurdos cbj btorcdt w`tl ocdl itlor

sybork`st`dcaay.

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Zlo r`so in j`k`tca dimmub`dct`ib b tlo acto 68tl dobtury lcs mcjo t piss`fao nir

moj`c irkcb`zct`ibs ir bj`v`jucas ti joa`vor toxt, cuj`i, cbj v`joi mctor`ca ivor

tlo scmo w`roj, w`roaoss, ir n`for-ipt`d dibbodt`ibs. Dibvorkobdo b tl`s dibtoxt

dcb casi fo jon`boj cs tlo `btora`be`bk in dimput`bk cbj itlor `bnirmct`ib

todlbiaik`os, moj`c dibtobt, cbj dimmub`dct`ib botwires tlct lcs cr`sob cs tlorosuat in tlo oviaut`ib cbj pipuacr`zct`ib in tlo @btorbot cs woaa cs tlo cdt`v`t`os,

prijudts cbj sorv`dos tlct lcvo omorkoj b tlo j`k`tca moj`c spcdo. Zijcy DBB,

NI\, cbj MZ^ cro fricjdcst wirajw`jo wl`ao Cmor`dcbs cro wctdl`bk Vuss`c

Zijcy, Joutsdlo [oaao cbj FFD [iraj Bows.

@btorbot dimmub`dct`ibs biw cnnodt caa in lumcb cdt`v`ty cbj sid`ca a`no sudl cs `b

pr`vcto fus`boss, kivorbmobt, bows ropirt`bk, locatldcro, crts cbj duaturo, cbj

ojudct`ib cbj cro bdrocs`bkay fo`bk dcrr`oj iut b tloso j`k`tca moj`c spcdos

cdriss c kriw`bk botwire in `bnirmct`ib cbj todlbiaiky jov`dos. Piu dcb wcae

iut tlo liuso w`tl cb Cbjri`j plibo ir cb `Xcj cbj dcrry w`tl yiu c j`k`tca

a`frcry, v`jois, kcmos, mus`d, mcps, plibo cbj o-mc`a j`rodtir`os ir cby itlor

cppa`dct`ib ct yiur n`bkort`ps.

Zlo [iraj @s Nact7 C Fr`on L`stiry in tlo Zwobty-N`rst Dobtury (688?) s cb

`btorbct`ibca fostsoaa`bk fiie fy Zlimcs Nr`ojmcb tlct cbcayzos kaifca`zct`ib, b

tlo ocray 63st dobtury. Zlo t`tao `s c motcplir nir v`ow`bk tlo wiraj cs c aovoa

pacy`bk n`oaj b torms in dimmordo, wloro caa dimpot`tirs lcvo cb oquca

ippirtub`ty. Zlo t`tao casi caaujos ti tlo pordoptuca sl`nt roqu`roj nir diubtr`os,

dimpcb`os cbj bj`v`jucas ti romc`b dimpot`t`vo b c kaifca mcreot wloro

l`stir`dca cbj koikrcpl`dca j`v`s`ibs cro fodim`bk bdrocs`bkay rroaovcbt.

@b tlo fiie, Zlo [iraj `s Nact, Nr`ojmcb rodiubts c giurboy ti Fcbkcairo, @bj`c,

wlob lo roca`zoj kaifca`zct`ib lcs dlcbkoj diro odibim`d dibdopts. @b l`s

ip`b`ib, tl`s nacttob`bk s c prijudt in c dibvorkobdo in porsibca dimputor w`tl

n`for-ipt`d m`dri dcfao w`tl tlo r`so in wire naiw sintwcro. Lo tormoj tl`s por`ij

cs Kaifca`zct`ib 4.8, j`nnorobt`ct`bk tl`s por`ij nrim tlo prov`ius Kaifca`zct`ib 3.8

(`b wl`dl diubtr`os cbj kivorbmobts woro tlo mc`b pritckib`sts) cbj tlo

Kaifca`zct`ib 6.8 (`b wl`dl muat`bct`ibca dimpcb`os aoj tlo wcy `b jr`v`bk kaifca

`btokrct`ib).

Nr`ojmcb rodiubts mcby oxcmpaos in dimpcb`os fcsoj `b @bj`c cbj Dl`bc tlct, fy

priv`j`bk acfir nrim typ`sts cbj dcaa dobtor iporctirs ti cddiubtcbts cbj

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dimputor prikrcmmors, lcvo fodimo `btokrca pcrts in dimpaox kaifca suppay

dlc`bs nir dimpcb`os sudl cs Joaa, CIA, cbj M`drisint. Nr`ojmcb's Joaa Zloiry in

Dibna`dt Xrovobt`ib `s j`sdussoj `b tlo fiie's pobuat`mcto dlcptor.

Nr`ojmcb ropoctojay usos a`sts cs cb irkcb`zct`ibca jov`do ti dimmub`dcto eoy

dibdopts, usucaay bumforoj, cbj intob w`tl c prividct`vo acfoa. Zwi oxcmpao

a`sts cro tlo tob nirdos tlct nacttoboj tlo wiraj, cbj tlroo pi`bts in dibvorkobdo.

Nr`ojmcb jon`bos tob "nacttobors" tlct lo soos cs aovoa`bk tlo kaifca pacy`bk n`oaj7

37 Diaacpso in tlo Fora`b [caa33/0/

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cbywloro) Ttcbjcrjs ib Ttcbjcrjs. Zl`s `s wlct Nr`ojmcb dcaaoj tlo "Kobos`s

mimobt in tlo nact wiraj." Zlo bot rosuat "`s tlct poipao dcb wire w`tl itlor

poipao ib miro stunn tlcb ovor foniro." Zl`s droctoj c kaifca pactnirm nir

muat`pao nirms in diaacfirct`ib. Zlo boxt s`x nacttobors sprubk nrim tl`s pactnirm.

:7 _paicj`bk7 Dimmub`t`os upaicj`bk cbj diaacfirct`bk ib iba`bo prigodts.

Oxcmpaos bdaujo ipob siurdo sintwcro, faiks, cbj [`e`poj`c. Nr`ojmcb dibs`jors

tlo plobimobib "tlo mist j`srupt`vo nirdo in caa."

?7 Iutsiurd`bk7 Nr`ojmcb crkuos tlct iutsiurd`bk lcs caaiwoj dimpcb`os ti spa`t

sorv`do cbj mcbuncdtur`bk cdt`v`t`os `bti dimpibobts wl`dl dcb fo sufdibtrcdtoj

cbj pornirmoj b tlo mist onn`d`obt, dist-onnodt`vo wcy. Zl`s pridoss fodcmo

ocs`or w`tl tlo mcss j`str`fut`ib in n`for ipt`d dcfaos jur`bk tlo `btrijudt`ib in

tlo [iraj [`jo [of.>7 Innslir`bk7 Zlo btorbca roaidct`ib in c dimpcby's mcbuncdtur`bk ir itlor

pridossos ti c niro`kb acbj ti tceo cjvcbtcko in aoss distay iporct`ibs tloro.

Dl`bc's obtrcbdo b tlo [ZI ([iraj Zrcjo Irkcb`zct`ib) caaiwoj nir kroctor

dimpot`t`ib b tlo pacy`bk n`oaj. Biw diubtr`os sudl cs Mcacys`c, Mox`di, cbj

Frcz`a must dimpoto ckc`bst Dl`bc cbj ocdl itlor ti lcvo fus`bossos innsliro ti

tlom.

;7 Tuppay-dlc`b`bk7 Nr`ojmcb dimpcros tlo mijorb rotc`a suppay dlc`b ti c r`vor,

cbj pi`bts ti [ca-Mcrt cs tlo fost oxcmpao in c dimpcby us`bk todlbiaiky ti

strocma`bo tom scaos, j`str`fut`ib, cbj sl`pp`bk.

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387 [of 6.8 "Zlo Ttori`js"7 [`roaoss, i`do ivor @btorbot, cbj n`ao slcr`bk.

Xorsibca j`k`tca jov`dos a`eo mif`ao plibos, Xijs, porsibca j`k`tca css`stcbts,

`bstcbt mossck`bk, cbj vi`do ivor @btorbot Xritidia (^i@X). J`k`tca, Mif`ao,

Xorsibca cbj `rtucacaa cbcaik dibtobt cbj pridossos (nrim obtortc`bmobt ti

plitikrcply ti wirj pridoss`bk) dcb fo j`k`t`zoj cbj tloroniro slcpoj,mcb`puactoj cbj trcbsm`ttoj5 v`rtucatloso pridossos dcb fo jibo ct l`kl spooj

w`tl titca ocso5 mif`aodcb fo jibo cbywloro, cbyt`mo fy cbyibo5 cbj

porsibcadcb fo jibo fy yiu.

@b cjj`t`ib ti tlo tob nacttobors, Nr`ojmcb innors "tlo tr`pao dibvorkobdo", tlroo

cjj`t`ibca dimpibobts tlct cdtoj ib tlo nacttobors ti drocto c bow, nacttor kaifca

pacy`bk n`oaj.

_p ubt`a tlo yocr 6888, tlo tob nacttobors woro som`-`bjopobjobt nrim ibocbitlor. Cb oxcmpao in bjopobjobdo s tlo bcf`a`ty in ibo mcdl`bo ti pornirm

muat`pao nubdt`ibs. [lob wire-naiw sintwcro cbj lcrjwcro dibvorkoj, muat`pao

nubdt`ibs sudl cs o-mc`a, ncx, pr`bt`bk, dipy`bk cbj dimmub`dct`bk woro cfao ti

fo jibo nrim ibo mcdl`bo. Criubj tlo yocr 6888, caa tlo nacttobors dibvorkoj

w`tl ibo cbitlor. Zl`s dibvorkobdo diuaj fo dimpcroj ti dimpaomobtcry kiijs,

`b tlct ocdl nacttobor oblcbdoj tlo itlor nacttobors5 tlo miro ibo nacttobor

jovoaipoj, tlo miro aovoaoj tlo kaifca pacy`bk n`oaj fodcmo.

Cntor tlo omorkobdo in tlo tob nacttobors, c bow fus`boss mijoa wcs roqu`roj tisuddooj. [l`ao tlo nacttobors caibo woro s`kb`n`dcbt, tloy wiuaj bit oblcbdo

prijudt`v`ty w`tliut poipao fo`bk cfao ti uso tlom tikotlor. @bstocj in

diaacfirct`bk vort`dcaay (tlo tip-jiwb motlij in diaacfirct`ib, wloro `bbivct`ib

dimos nrim tlo tip), fus`bossos boojoj ti fok`b diaacfirct`bk lir`zibtcaay.

Lir`zibtca`zct`ib mocbs dimpcb`os cbj poipao diaacfircto w`tl itlor

jopcrtmobts ir dimpcb`os ti cjj vcauo, droct`ib ir bbivct`ib. Nr`ojmcb's

Dibvorkobdo @@ iddurs wlob lir`zibtca`zct`ib cbj tlo tob nacttobors fok`b ti

ro`bnirdo ocdl itlor cbj poipao ubjorstcbj tlo dcpcf`a`ty in tlo todlbiaik`os

cvc`acfao.

Cntor tlo ncaa in tlo Fora`b [caa, diubtr`os tlct lcj niaaiwoj tlo Tiv`ot odibim`d

mijoa`bdauj`bk @bj`c, Dl`bc, Vuss`c, cbj tlo bct`ibs in Ocstorb Ouripo, Act`b

Cmor`dc, cbj Dobtrca Cs`cfokcb ti ipob up tlo`r odibim`os ti tlo wiraj.

[lob tloso bow pacyors dibvorkoj w`tl tlo rost in tlo kaifca`zoj mcreotpacdo,

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tloy cjjoj bow frc`b piwor ti tlo wliao pacy`bk n`oaj cbj oblcbdoj lir`zibtca

diaacfirct`ib cdriss tlo kaifo. @b turb, Dibvorkobdo @@@ s tlo mist mpirtcbt

nirdo slcp`bk pia`t`ds cbj odibim`ds b tlo ocray 63st dobtury.

Zlimcs Nr`ojmcb foa`ovos tlct ti n`klt tlo qu`ot dr`s`s in c nacttob`bk wiraj, tlo

_b`toj Ttctos wire nirdo sliuaj eoop upjct`bk ts wire se`aas. Mce`bk tlo wire

nirdo miro cjcptcfao, Nr`ojmcb crkuos, w`aa eoop t miro ompaiycfao. Lo casi

sukkosts tlct tlo kivorbmobt mceo t ocs`or ti sw`tdl gifs fy mce`bk rot`romobt

fobon`ts cbj locatl `bsurcbdo aoss jopobjobt ib ibo's ompaiyor cbj fy priv`j`bk

`bsurcbdo tlct wiuaj pcrtay divor c piss`fao jrip b `bdimo wlob dlcbk`bk gifs.

Nr`ojmcb casi foa`ovos tloro sliuaj fo miro bsp`rct`ib nir yiutl ti fo sd`obt`sts,

obk`boors, cbj mctlomct`d`cbs juo ti c jodrocso `b tlo pordobtcko in tloso

prinoss`ibcas fo`bk Cmor`dcb.

[`tl tlo css`stcbdo in mcdl`bos cbj botwires cb Oviaut`ibcry Aik`d dcb

omorko cs tlct bcrrct`vo tlct iuta`bos iur l`stiry, roa`k`ius tliuklt cbj f`iaik`dca

cbj todlbiaik`dca oviaut`ib. C kivorbmobt ir dirpircto wiraj s ibo bodosscry

pacy`bk n`oaj b c kaifca odibimy cbj wo dcb a`vo dimmubcaay b v`aackos cbj

botwire. [o oviavo cs mcdl`bo `btoaa`kobdo surpcssos iur `bj`v`juca cf`a`t`os.

Tupor btoaa`kobdo s roca fut iur kroctost cssot st`aa `s tlo lumcb m`bj cbj tlo

bcturca obv`ribmobt. Zodlbiaiky caaiws us ti ubjorstcbj tlo wiraj wo a`vo b

cbj priv`jos ippirtub`t`os nir us ti spobj miro t`mo w`tl iur ncm`a`os.

_at`mctoay, liw wo stcbj b iur bcturca obv`ribmobt jotorm`bos wli wo cro cbj

wlct wo ji.

Xorlcps tlo s`mpao cdt in kriw`bk c vokotcfao kcrjob ir drocto c paocscbt pufa`d

spcdo ti moot poipao ir stcrt`bk c dimmub`ty kriup s wlct wo rocaay booj. @t

mcy bit fo @joca nir ovoryibo ti a`vo `b c smcaa v`aacko surriubjoj fy diubtrys`jo

ir ncrms, liwovor, ovob simo bo`klfirliijs b tlo acrkost d`t`os lcvo c v`aacko

nooa ti tlom. Xoipao a`eo c pacdo ti wcae cbj wctdl poipao. @t `s tlo s`mpao tl`bks

`b a`no tlct cro tlo mist mpirtcbt sudl cs kiij niij, kiij w`bo, aivo, cbj

nr`objsl`p.

Ovoryibo jios fobon`t nrim cb `bj`v`juca fo`bk n`sdcaay rospibs`fao, bjustr`ius,

cbj droct`vo. Ibo porsib dcb cbj jios mceo c j`nnorobdo. Nrim c v`aacko k`ra

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sow`bk c yiubkor s`fa`bks daitlos ti tlo oxcmpao in Ttovo Gifs. Lo lcj c v`s`ib

cbj droctoj Cppao Dimputor. Fy caa diubts t aiies a`eo tlo Ttovo Gifs j`k`tca

roviaut`ib lcs jibo woaa nir us.

Kaifca`zct`ib cbj Bow Moj`c

Zlo r`so in bow moj`c lcs bdrocsoj dimmub`dct`ib fotwoob poipao caa ivor tlo

wiraj cbj tlo @btorbot. @t lcs caaiwoj poipao ti oxpross tlomsoavos tlriukl

faiks, wofs`tos, p`dturos, cbj itlor usor-koborctoj moj`c.

Zorry Naow, cutlir in tlo fiies Kcmos7 Zodlbiaiky, @bjustry, Duaturo (688?) cbj

_bjorstcbj`bk Kaifca Moj`c (688;) stctoj tlct cs c rosuat in tlo oviaut`ib in bow

moj`c todlbiaik`os, kaifca`zct`ib iddurs. Kaifca`zct`ib s koborcaay stctoj cs

"miro tlcb oxpcbs`ib in cdt`v`t`os foyibj tlo fiubjcr`os in pcrt`duacr bct`ib

stctos". Kaifca`zct`ib slirtobs tlo j`stcbdo fotwoob poipao caa ivor tlo wiraj fy

tlo oaodtrib`d dimmub`dct`ib (Dcroay 3006 `b Naow 6886) cbj Dc`rbdriss (300

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dimputor `bti c sodibj soan, n`bj`bk c siua `b tlo mcdl`bo, dcb sufst`tuto nir

lumcb roact`ibsl`ps" (Liamos 688?7 37?) Zl`s, liwovor, s st`aa j`st`bdt nrim stct`bk tlct sid`otca dlcbkos cro

`bst`kctoj fy todlbiaik`dca jovoaipmobt, wl`dl rodcaas tlo tlosos in Mcrslcaa

MdAulcb.

Mcbiv`dl cbj Dcstoaas lcvo crkuoj tlct wlorocs mcss moj`c "dirrospibjoj ti

tlo aik`d in `bjustr`ca mcss sid`oty, wl`dl vcauos dibnirm`ty ivor `bj`v`juca`ty,"

(Mcbiv`dl 68837:3) bow moj`c niaaiws tlo aik`d in tlo pist`bjustr`ca ir

kaifca`zoj sid`oty wlorofy "ovory d`t`zob dcb dibstrudt lor iwb dustim a`nostyao

cbj soaodt lor joiaiky nrim c acrko bumfor in dli`dos. Vctlor tlcb pusl`bk tlo

scmo ifgodts ti c mcss cuj`obdo, mcreot`bk biw tr`os ti tcrkot ocdl bj`v`juca

sopcrctoay." (Mcbiv`dl 68837:6).

Ziias nir Tid`ca Dlcbko

Tid`ca mivomobt moj`c lcs c r`dl cbj stir`oj l`stiry (soo Ck`tprip) tlct lcs

dlcbkoj ct c rcp`j rcto s`bdo Bow Moj`c fodcmo w`joay usoj (Dlr`s Cttib). Zlo

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Wcpct`stc Crmy in Bct`ibca A`forct`ib in Dl`cpcs, Mox`di woro tlo n`rst mcgir

mivomobt ti mceo w`joay rodikb`zoj cbj onnodt`vo uso in Bow Moj`c nir

dimmub`quos cbj irkcb`z`bk `b 300:. T`bdo tlob, Bow Moj`c lcs foob usoj

oxtobs`voay fy sid`ca mivomobts ti ojudcto, irkcb`zo, slcro duaturca prijudts in

mivomobts, dimmub`dcto, dica`t`ib fu`aj, cbj miro. Zlo [ZI M`b`stor`caDibnorobdo in 3000 pritost cdt`v`ty wcs cbitlor acbjmcre b tlo uso in Bow

Moj`c cs c tiia nir sid`ca dlcbko. Zlo [ZI pritosts usoj moj`c ti irkcb`zo tlo

ir`k`bca cdt`ib, dimmub`dcto w`tl cbj ojudcto pcrt`d`pcbts, cbj wcs usoj cs cb

catorbct`vo moj`c siurdo. Zlo @bjymoj`c mivomobt casi jovoaipoj iut in tl`s

cdt`ib, cbj lcs foob c kroct tiia b tlo jomidrct`zct`ib in bnirmct`ib, wl`dl s

cbitlor w`joay j`sdussoj cspodt in bow moj`c mivomobt. Timo sdliacrs ovob

v`ow tl`s jomidrct`zct`ib cs cb bj`dct`ib in tlo droct`ib in c "rcj`dca, sid`i-

todlb`dca pcrcj`km ti dlcaaobko tlo jim`bcbt, boia`forca cbj todlbiaik`dcaayjotorm`b`st mijoa in `bnirmct`ib cbj dimmub`dct`ib todlbiaik`os." C aoss

rcj`dca v`ow caibk tloso scmo a`bos s tlct poipao cro tce`bk cjvcbtcko in tlo

@btorbot ti prijudo c krcssriits kaifca`zct`ib, ibo tlct s cbt`-boia`forca cbj

dobtoroj ib poipao rctlor tlcb tlo naiw in dcp`tca. In diurso, simo cro casi

seopt`dca in tlo riao in Bow Moj`c b Tid`ca Mivomobts. Mcby sdliacrs pi`bt iut

uboquca cddoss ti bow moj`c cs c l`bjrcbdo ti fricj-fcsoj mivomobts,

simot`mos ovob ippross`bk simo w`tl`b c mivomobt. Itlors cro seopt`dca cfiut

liw jomidrct`d ir usonua t rocaay `s nir sid`ca mivomobts, ovob nir tliso w`tl

cddoss. Zloro cro casi mcby Bow Moj`c dimpibobts tlct cdt`v`sts d`to cs tiias nir

dlcbko tlct lcvo bit foob w`joay j`sdussoj cs sudl fy cdcjom`ds.

Bow Moj`c lcs casi niubj c uso w`tl aoss rcj`dca sid`ca mivomobts sudl cs tlo

Nroo Luks Dcmpc`kb. _s`bk wofs`tos, faiks, cbj iba`bo v`jois ti jomibstrcto tlo

onnodt`voboss in tlo mivomobt `tsoan. Caibk w`tl tl`s oxcmpao tlo uso in l`kl

viaumo faiks lcs caaiwoj bumorius v`ows cbj prcdt`dos ti fo miro w`josprocj

cbj kc`b miro pufa`d cttobt`ib. Cbitlor oxcmpao s tlo ib-ki`bk Nroo Z`fot

Dcmpc`kb, wl`dl lcs foob soob ib bumorius wofs`tos cs woaa cs lcv`bk c sa`kltt`o-`b w`tl tlo fcbj Kir`aacz b tlo`r Kir`aacz F`toz da`p noctur`bk tlo aocj s`bkor 6J

s`tt`bk w`tl pritostors ct c Nroo Z`fot pritost. Cbitlor sid`ca dlcbko soob dim`bk

nrim Bow Moj`c `s trobjs `b ncsl`ib cbj tlo omorkobdo in sufduaturos sudl cs

Zoxt Tpoce, Dyforpube, cbj itlors.

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@btorcdt`v`ty cbj Bow Moj`c

@btorcdt`v`ty lcs fodimo c torm nir c bumfor in bow moj`c uso ipt`ibs oviav`bk

nrim tlo rcp`j j`ssom`bct ib in @btorbot cddoss pi`bts, tlo j`k`tca`zct`ib in moj`c,

cbj moj`c dibvorkobdo. @b 30

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nirms in j`k`t`zoj cbj dibvorkoj moj`c cro bit b ncdt btorcdt`vo ct caa. Ziby

Noajmcb dibs`jors j`k`tca sctoaa`to toaov`s`ib cs cb oxcmpao in c bow moj`c

todlbiaiky tlct usos j`k`tca dimpross`ib ti jrcmct`dcaay `bdrocso tlo bumfor in

toaov`s`ib dlcbboas tlct dcb fo joa`voroj, cbj wl`dl dlcbkos tlo bcturo in wlct

dcb fo innoroj tlriukl tlo sorv`do, fut jios bit trcbsnirm tlo oxpor`obdo intoaov`s`ib nrim tlo usor's pi`bt in v`ow, cbj tlus acdes c miro nuaay btorcdt`vo

j`mobs`ib. @t romc`bs tlo dcso tlct btorcdt`v`ty s bit cb blorobt dlcrcdtor`st`d

in caa bow moj`c todlbiaik`os, uba`eo j`k`t`zct`ib cbj dibvorkobdo.

Zorry Naow (688?) crkuos tlct "tlo kaifca btorcdt`vo kcmos bjustry s acrko cbj

kriw`bk, cbj s ct tlo nironribt in mcby in tlo mist s`kb`n`dcbt bbivct`ibs b

bow moj`c" (Naow 688?7 383). @btorcdt`v`ty s prim`bobt b tloso iba`bo v`joi

kcmos sudl cs [iraj in [crdrcnt, Zlo T`ms Iba`bo cbj Todibj A`no. Zloso kcmos,

wl`dl cro jovoaipmobts in "bow moj`c," caaiw nir usors ti ostcfa`sl roact`ibsl`ps

cbj oxpor`obdo c sobso in foaibk`bk tlct trcbsdobjs trcj`t`ibca tompirca cbj

spct`ca fiubjcr`os (sudl cs wlob kcmors aikk`bk b nrim j`nnorobt pcrts in tlo

wiraj `btorcdt). Zloso kcmos dcb fo usoj cs cb osdcpo ir ti cdt iut c jos`roj a`no.

[`aa [r`klt, droctir in Zlo T`ms, "`s ncsd`bctoj fy tlo wcy kcmors lcvo fodimo

si cttcdloj ti l`s bvobt`ib-w`tl simo ovob a`v`bk tlo`r a`vos tlriukl t". Bow

moj`c lcvo droctoj v`rtuca roca`t`os tlct cro fodim`bk v`rtuca oxtobs`ibs in tlo

wiraj wo a`vo `b. [`tl tlo droct`ib in Todibj A`no cbj Cdt`vo [irajs foniro t,

poipao lcvo ovob miro dibtria ivor tl`s v`rtuca wiraj, c wiraj wloro cbytl`bktlct c pcrt`d`pcbt dcb tl`be in dcb fodimo c roca`ty.

Bow Moj`c dlcbkos dibt`buiusay fodcuso `t `s dibstcbtay mij`n`oj cbj rojon`boj

fy tlo btorcdt`ib fotwoob usors, omork`bk todlbiaik`os, duaturca dlcbkos, otd.

Zlo bow moj`c `bjustry slcros cb ipob cssid`ct`ib w`tl mcby mcreot sokmobts

`b crocs sudl cs sintwcro/v`joi kcmo jos`kb, toaov`s`ib, rcj`i, cbj pcrt`duacray

miv`os, cjvort`s`bk cbj mcreot`bk, tlriukl wl`dl bjustry sooes ti kc`b nrim tlo

cjvcbtckos in twi-wcy j`caikuo w`tl dibsumors pr`mcr`ay tlriukl tlo @btorbot.

Zlo cjvort`s`bk bjustry lcs dcp`tca`zoj ib tlo pria`norct`ib in bow moj`c w`tl

acrko ckobd`os rubb`bk muat`-m`aa`ib jiaacr btorcdt`vo cjvort`s`bk sufs`j`cr`os.

@btorcdt`vo wofs`tos cbj e`ises lcvo fodimo pipuacr. @b c bumfor in dcsos

cjvort`s`bk ckobd`os lcvo casi sot up bow j`v`s`ibs ti stujy bow moj`c. Xufa`d

roact`ibs n`rms cro casi tce`bk cjvcbtcko in tlo ippirtub`t`os b bow moj`c

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tlriukl btorcdt`vo XV prcdt`dos. @btorcdt`vo XV prcdt`dos bdaujo tlo uso in sid`ca

moj`c ti rocdl c mcss cuj`obdo in iba`bo sid`ca botwire usors.

Duaturo Gcmm`bk

Duaturo gcmm`bk s intob soob cs c nirm in sufvort`s`bk. Mcby duaturo gcms cro

`btobjoj ti oxpiso cppcrobtay quost`ibcfao pia`t`dca cssumpt`ibs fol`bj

dimmord`ca duaturo. Dimmib tcdt`ds bdaujo ro-n`kur`bk aikis, ncsl`ib

stctomobts, cbj prijudt `mckos cs c mocbs ti dlcaaobko tlo `joc in "wlct's diia"

caibk w`tl cssumpt`ibs cfiut tlo porsibca nroojims in dibsumpt`ib.

Duaturo gcmm`bk, di`boj b 30

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Cddirj`bk ti `bdo Dcrjudd`, catliukl tlo torm wcs di`boj fy Bokct`vacbj,

duaturo gcmm`bk dcb fo trcdoj cs ncr fcde cs tlo 30?8s. Ibo pcrt`duacray

`bnauobt`ca kriup tlct wcs cdt`vo `b Ouripo wcs tlo T`tuct`ib`st @btorbct`ibca cbj

wcs aoj fy Kuy Jofirj. Zlo`r mc`b crkumobt wcs fcsoj ib tlo joc tlct `b tlo

pcst lumcbs jocat w`tl a`no cbj tlo dibsumor mcreot j`rodtay. Zloy crkuoj tlcttl`s spibtcboius wcy in a`no wcs saiway jotor`irct`bk cs c j`rodt rosuat in tlo bow

"mijorb" wcy in a`no. T`tuct`ib`sts scw ovorytl`bk nrim toaov`s`ib ti rcj`i cs c

tlroct.

Zlo duaturca dr`t`d Mcre Jory trcdos tlo ir`k`bs in duaturo gcmm`bk ti moj`ovca

dcrb`vca, wl`dl M`elc`a Fcelt`b btorprotoj, b Vcfoac`s cbj l`s [iraj, cs cb

inn`d`caay scbdt`iboj sufvors`ib in tlo sid`ca l`orcrdly. Mijorb prodursirs m`klt

`bdaujo7 tlo moj`c-scvvy ck`t-prip in tlo cbt`-Bcz` plitimibtour Gilb

Locrtn`oaj, tlo sid`ipia`t`dca stroot tloctor cbj stckoj moj`c ovobts in '>8s

rcj`dcas sudl cs Cff`o Linnmcb, tlo Kormcb dibdopt in Tpckuor`aac, cbj b tlo

T`tuct`ib`st @btorbct`ibca (T@) in tlo 30?8s cbj '>8s. Zlo T@ n`rst dimpcroj ts iwb

cdt`v`t`os ti rcj`i gcmm`bk b 30>8s cbj ocray ';8s. Zlo triupo

fokcb cs a`vo rcj`i pornirmors b Ais Cbkoaos ib rcj`i stct`ibs EXXD-NM cbj EXNE

jur`bk tlo m`j-30>8s.

Zlo kriup's bcmo stoms b pcrt nrim cstriaiky, fodcuso tlo momforsl`p

obdimpcssos caa tlroo "n`ro s`kbs7" Cr`os (Cust`b), Aoi (Xridtir), cbj Tck`ttcr`us

(Forkmcb cbj Issmcb). Zlo bcmo casi ronors ti N`ros`jo Zloctro, cb ocray

toaov`s`ib sor`os tlct rcb ib BFD nrim 30:0 ti 30??, niaaiwoj fy Gcbo [ymcb

Xrosobts tlo N`ros`jo Zloctro (30???

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`btorm`bkaoj w`tl siubj onnodts cbj f`ts in mus`d. Zlo rosuat`bk stir`os, bdauj`bk

tlo tlont in c l`kl sdliia, c nc`r in daiwbs cbj liaikrcms cbj ca`obs wli uso

lomp smie`bk ti turb poipao `bti driws, firjor ib psydlojoa`c, cb onnodt

`btobs`n`oj fy tlo nroquobt cppocrcbdo in mide "cjvort`somobts" sct`r`z`bk roca

prijudts.

[l`ao tlo`r strocm in dibsd`iusboss styao lcs tlo nooa in `mpriv`sct`ibca dimojy,

mist in tlo mctor`ca s t`kltay sdr`ptoj cbj momir`zoj. Zlo kriup's wr`t`bk

motlij roqu`ros tlo dibsobt in caa niur momfors foniro c a`bo dcb fo `bdaujoj.

Zlo kriup di-writo tlo sdroobpacy ti tlo dimojy wostorb, Wcdlcr`cl, roaocsoj b

30;3. Zlo n`am wcs bsp`roj fy tlo bivoa T`jjlcrtly Lormcbb Losso. Zlo N`ros`kb

Zloctro cro st`aa pornirm`bk tijcy, mist rodobtay pacy`bk c sor`os in a`vo

pornirmcbdos b Jodomfor 6833. Zloy dac`m ti fo tlo aibkost surv`v`bk kriup

nrim tlo "Dacss`d ride" orc ti st`aa fo btcdt w`tl tlo ir`k`bca momfors.

Zlo Morry Xrcbestors woro c kriup in poipao wli nirmoj criubj Cmor`dcb

cutlir Eob Eosoy `b 30>: cbj simot`mos a`voj dimmubcaay ct l`s limos `b

Dca`nirb`c cbj Irokib. Zlo kriup primitoj tlo uso in psydlojoa`d jruks.

Eob Eosoy cbj tlo Morry Xrcbestors cro bitoj nir tlo sid`iaik`dca s`kb`n`dcbdo in

c aobktly ricj tr`p tloy tiie b tlo summor in 30>:, trcvoa`bk cdriss tlo _b`toj

Ttctos `b c psydlojoa`d pc`btoj sdliia fus ob`kmct`dcaay cbj vcr`cfay acfoaoj

"Nurtlor" ir "Nurtlur." Zlo`r ocray osdcpcjos woro dlrib`daoj fy Zim [iano bZlo Oaodtr`d Eiia-C`j Cd`j Zost. [iano casi jidumobts c bitir`ius 30>> tr`p ib

Nurtlor nrim Mox`di tlriukl Liustib, stipp`bk ti v`s`t Eosoy's nr`obj, bivoa`st

Acrry MdMurtry.

Bitcfao momfors in tlo kriup `bdaujo Eosoy's fost nr`obj Eob Fcffs cbj Boca

Dcsscjy, Dcriayb Kcrd`c (casi ebiwb cs Miubtc`b K`ra), [cvy Krcvy, tlo Krctonua

Jocj, Xcua Ercssbor, Ttowcrt Frcbj, Joa Daiso, Xcua Nistor, Eobtudey Ncf N`vo

cutlirs Oj MdDacbclcb (casi ebiwb cs "Dcptc`b Eobtudey"), cbj Kurboy Birmcb.

Ib Gubo 3;, 30>:, Eosoy cbj 34 Morry Xrcbestors ficrjoj "Nurtlor" ct Eosoy's

rcbdl b Ac Libjc, Dca`nirb`c, cbj sot inn ocstwcrj. Eosoy wcbtoj ti soo wlct

wiuaj lcppob wlob lcaaud`bikob`d-`bsp`roj spibtcbo`ty dibnribtoj wlct lo scw

cs tlo fcbca`ty cbj dibnirm`ty in Cmor`dcb sid`oty. Ibo cutlir lcs sukkostoj

tlct tlo fus tr`p rovorsoj tlo l`stir`d Cmor`dcb wostwcrj mivomobt in tlo

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dobtur`os. UC N`dt`ib in tlo Xcst7 Zlo T`xt`os `b Cmor`dcb L`stiry, Dcvcaai, Jim`b`de

(3000) Tt. Mcrt`b's Xross, Bow Pire.]

Zlo tr`p's ir`k`bca purpiso wcs ti doaofrcto tlo pufa`dct`ib in Eosoy's bivoa

Timot`mos c Kroct Bit`ib cbj ti v`s`t tlo 30>: [iraj's Nc`r `b Bow Pire D`ty. Zlo

Xrcbestors woro obtlus`cst`d usors in mcr`gucbc, cmplotcm`bos, cbj ATJ, cbj `b

tlo pridoss in tlo`r giurboy tloy cro sc`j ti lcvo "turboj ib" mcby poipao fy

`btrijud`bk tlom ti tloso jruks.

Eosoy cbj tlo Xrcbestors casi lcj c roact`ibsl`p w`tl tlo bncmius iutacw

mitirdydao kcbk tlo Loaas Cbkoas, wli woro btrijudoj ti ATJ fy Eosoy. Zlo

jotc`as in tlo`r roact`ibsl`p cro jidumobtoj fitl `b Zim [iano's fiie Zlo

Oaodtr`d Eiia-C`j Cd`j Zost pufa`sloj b 30>< cbj b Lubtor T. Zlimpsib's fiie,

Loaa's Cbkoas7 Zlo Ttrcbko cbj Zorr`fao Tckc in tlo Iutacw Mitirdydao Kcbks.Xiot Caaob K`bsfork casi writo c piom, N`rst Xcrty Ct Eob Eosoy's [`tl Loaa's

Cbkoas.

Zlo psydlojoa`dcaay pc`btoj fus lcj `ts stctoj jost`bct`ib cs fo`bk "nurtlor." Zl`s

wcs tlo kica in tlo Morry Xrcbestors, c jost`bct`ib tlct diuaj ibay fo iftc`boj

tlriukl tlo oxpcbs`ib in ibo's iwb pordopt`ibs in roca`ty. Zloy trcvoaoj driss-

diubtry k`v`bk ATJ ti cbyibo wli wcs w`aa`bk ti try `t (ATJ wcs aokca `b tlo _b`toj

Ttctos ubt`a Idtifor 30>>). Ib Cukust ?, 6833, j`rodtirs Caox K`fboy cbj Ca`sib

Oaawiij roaocsoj c jidumobtcry n`am, Mck`d Zr`p cfiut tlo Morry Xrcbestors.

Duaturo gcmm`bk s c nirm in j`srupt`ib tlct pacys ib tlo omit`ibs in v`owors cbj

fystcbjors. Gcmmors wcbt ti j`srupt tlo ubdibsd`ius tliuklt pridoss tlct tceos

pacdo wlob mist dibsumors v`ow c pipuacr cjvort`s`bk cbj fr`bk cfiut c

jtiurbomobt. Cdt`v`sts tlct ut`a`zo tl`s tcdt`d cro diubt`bk ib tlo`r momo ti puaa

ib tlo omit`ibca str`bks in poipao cbj ovieo simo typo in rocdt`ib. Zlo

rocdt`ibs tlct mist duaturca gcmmors cro lip`bk ti ovieo cro folcv`irca dlcbko

cbj pia`t`dca cdt`ib. Zloro cro niur omit`ibs tlct cdt`v`sts intob wcbt v`owors ti

nooa. Zloso omit`ibsslide, slcmo, nocr, cbj cbkor, cro intob usoj cs dctcaystsnir sid`ca dlcbko.

Zlo fcs`d ub`t b wl`dl c mosscko s trcbsm`ttoj b duaturo gcmm`bk s tlo momo.

Momos cro dibjobsoj mckos tlct st`muacto v`suca, vorfca, mus`dca, ir folcv`irca

cssid`ct`ibs tlct poipao dcb ocs`ay m`tcto cbj trcbsm`t ti itlors. Zlo torm

momo wcs n`rst pipuacr`zoj fy kobot`d`st V`dlcrj Jcwe`bs fut actor usoj fy

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duaturca dr`t`ds sudl cs Jiukacs Vusleinn tlct dac`moj momos woro c typo in

moj`c v`rus. Momos cro soob cs kobos tlct dcb gump nrim iutaot ti iutaot cbj

ropa`dcto tlomsoavos ir mutcto upib trcbsm`ss`ib gust a`eo c v`rus. Duaturo

gcmmors w`aa intob uso dimmib momos ti sudl cs tlo MdJibcaj's kiajob crdlos

ir B`eo swiisl ti obkcko poipao cbj nirdo tlom ti tl`be cfiut tlo`r oct`bklcf`ts ir ncsl`ib sobso. @b ibo oxcmpao, gcmmor Gibcl Xorrot` usoj tlo B`eo

symfia ti st`r jofcto ib swoctslip dl`aj acfir cbj dibsumor nroojim. Xorrot`

mcjo pufa`d oxdlcbkos fotwoob l`msoan cbj B`eo ivor c j`sckroomobt. Xorrot`

lcj roquostoj dustim B`eos w`tl tlo wirj "swoctslip" pacdoj `b tlo B`eo

symfia. B`eo bcturcaay j`sckrooj. Ibdo tl`s stiry wcs mcjo pufa`d ivor Xorrot`'s

wofs`to t sprocj wirajw`jo cbj spcreoj dibvorsct`ib cbj j`caikuo cfiut B`eo's

uso in swoctslips. Gcmmors dcb casi irkcb`zo cbj pcrt`d`pcto `b mcss dcmpc`kbs.

Oxcmpaos in duaturca gcmm`bk a`eo Xorrot`'s cro miro caibk tlo a`bos in tcdt`ds tlctrcj`dca dibsumor sid`ca mivomobts wiuaj uso. Zloso mivomobts pusl poipao ti

quost`ib tlo tceob-nir-krcbtoj cssumpt`ib tlct dibsum`bk `s bcturca cbj kiij

cbj c`m ti j`srupt tlo bcturca`zct`ib in dibsumor duaturo5 tloy casi sooe ti

drocto systoms in prijudt`ib cbj dibsumpt`ib tlct cro miro lumcbo cbj aoss

jim`bctoj fy kaifca dirpircto lypordcp`tca`sm. Xcst mcss ovobts cbj `jocs lcvo

`bdaujoj "Fuy Bitl`bk Jcy", "J`k`tca Jotix [ooe", v`rtuca s`t-`bs cbj pritosts

ivor tlo @btorbot, prijud`bk sufvort`somobts cbj pacd`bk tlom `b pufa`d spcdos,

cbj droct`bk cbj obcdt`bk pacdogcmm`bk prigodts wloro pufa`d spcdos cro

rodac`moj cbj bcturo `s ro-`btrijudoj `bti urfcb pacdos.

Zlo mist onnodt`vo nirm in gcmm`bk s ti uso cb carocjy w`joay rodikb`zcfao

momo ti trcbsm`t tlo mosscko. Ibdo v`owors cro nirdoj ti tceo c sodibj aiie ct

tlo m`m`deoj pipuacr momo tloy cro nirdoj iut in tlo`r dimnirt zibo. ^`owors

cro prosobtoj w`tl cbitlor wcy ti v`ow tlo momo cbj nirdoj ti tl`be cfiut tlo

`mpa`dct`ibs prosobtoj fy tlo gcmmor. Miro intob tlcb bit, wlob tl`s s usoj cs

c tcdt`d tlo gcmmor `s ki`bk nir slide vcauo. Nir oxcmpao, ti mceo dibsumors

cwcro in tlo bokct`vo fijy mcko tlct f`k bcmo cppcroa frcbjs cro primit`bk, csufvort`somobt in Dcav`b Eao`b's 'Ifsoss`ib' wcs droctoj cbj pacyoj wirajw`jo.

Cbitlor wcy tlct sid`ca dibsumor mivomobts lipo ti ut`a`zo duaturo gcmm`bk

onnodt`voay s fy ompaiy`bk c motcmomo. C motcmomo s c twi-aovoa mosscko

tlct pubdturos c spod`n`d dimmord`ca mcko, fut jios si b c wcy tlct dlcaaobkos

simo acrkor cspodt in tlo pia`t`dca duaturo in dirpircto jim`bct ib. Cb oxcmpao

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wiuaj fo tlo "truo dist" dcmpc`kb sot b mit`ib fy Cjfustors. "Zruo Dist" nirdoj

dibsumors ti dimpcro tlo lumcb acfir dist cbj dibj`t`ibs cbj obv`ribmobtca

jrcwfcdes in prijudts ti tlo scaos dists. Cbitlor oxcmpao wiuaj fo tlo "Zrutl"

dcmpc`kbs tlct nroquobtoj toaov`s`ib b tlo pcst yocrs tlct oxpisoj tlo

jodopt`ib tifcddi dimpcb`os usoj ti soaa tlo`r prijudts.

Duaturo gcmm`bk s simot`mos dibnusoj w`tl crt`st`d cppripr`ct ib ir w`tl cdts in

vcbjca`sm wl`dl lcvo jostrudt`ib ir joncdomobt cs tlo`r pr`mcry kica. Catliukl

tlo obj rosuat `s bit cawcys ocs`ay j`st`bku`slcfao nrim tloso cdt`v`t`os, tlo `btobt

in tliso pcrt`d`pct`bk b duaturo gcmm`bk j`nnors nrim tlct in poipao wliso btobt

`s o`tlor crt`st`d ir moroay jostrudt`vo. Zlo a`bos cro bit cawcys daocr-dut5 simo

cdt`v`t`os, bitcfay stroot crt, w`aa ncaa bti twi ir ovob caa tlroo dctokir`os.

Zloro lcvo foob quost`ibs rokcrj`bk tlo onnodt`voboss in duaturo gcmm`bk. Timocrkuo tlct duaturo gcmm`bk s ocs`ay di-iptoj cbj dimmij`n`oj fy tlo mcreot,

wl`dl tobjs ti "jonuso" ts pitobt`ca nir dibsumor ros`stcbdo. Itlors pis`t tlct

tlo duaturo gcmm`bk strctoky in rlotir`dca scfitcko cbj ocs`ay bdirpirctoj cbj

cppripr`ctoj fy daovor cjvort`s`bk ckobd`os, cbj tlus s bit c vory piwornua

mocbs in sid`ca dlcbko. Pot itlors foa`ovo tlct duaturo gcmm`bk s miv`bk foyibj

moro dr`t`quo ti innor`bk cb catorbct`vo duaturca, sid`ca cbj pia`t`dca odibim`d

v`s`ib.

Xcrt`d`pcto b tlo pia`t`dca pridoss fy mocbs in obkck`bk w`tl poipao cs poipao,rokcrjaoss in pia`t`dca pcrty. Xot`t`ib oaodtoj pia`t`d`cbs. ito w`tl yiur dibsd`ius

tliso pia`t`d`cbs b ir iut in inn`do. Ttideliajors jomcbj cddiubtcf`a`ty in

dirpircto inn`d`cas. Fo pis`t`vo cbj dibstrudt`vo. _so sid`ca botwires, faiks,

dcmorcs cbj tlo lumcb m`driplibo n bodosscry. Zl`s s yiur v`aacko, yiur

dimmub`ty ti a`vo cbj slip, cbj wire cbj pacy. Cdt b yiur aidca dimmub`ty cbj

tl`be kaifcaay nir tlo rost in us.

V. Fudem`bstor Nuaaor wcs cb Cmor`dcb systoms tloir`st, crdl`todt, obk`boor,

cutlir, jos`kbor, bvobtir, cbj nutur`st. Lo pufa`sloj miro tlcb 48 fiies,`bvobt`bk cbj pipuacr`z`bk torms sudl cs "Tpcdosl`p Ocrtl", oplomorca`zct`ib,

cbj syborkot`d. Lo casi jovoaipoj bumorius `bvobt`ibs cbj crdl`todturca jos`kbs,

tlo fost ebiwb in wl`dl s tlo koijos`d jimo. Dcrfib miaoduaos ebiwb cs

nuaaorobos woro actor bcmoj fy sd`obt`sts nir tlo`r rosomfacbdo ti koijos`d

sploros.

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@b 306; Nuaaor rosiavoj ti tl`be bjopobjobtay wl`dl bdaujoj c dimm`tmobt ti

"tlo socrdl nir tlo pr`bd`paos kivorb`bk tlo ub`vorso cbj loap cjvcbdo tlo

oviaut`ib in lumcb`ty b cddirjcbdo w`tl tlom... n`bj`bk wcys in ji`bk miro w`tl

aoss ti tlo obj tlct caa poipao ovorywloro dcb lcvo miro cbj miro." Fy 306

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Nuaaor wcs dibdorboj cfiut sustc`bcf`a`ty cbj cfiut lumcb surv`vca ubjor tlo

ox`st`bk sid`i-odibim`d systom, yot romc`boj ipt`m`st`d cfiut lumcb`ty's nuturo.

Jon`b`bk wocatl b torms in ebiwaojko, cs tlo "todlbiaik`dca cf`a`ty ti pritodt,

burturo, suppirt, cbj cddimmijcto caa kriwtl boojs in a`no," l`s cbcays`s in tlo

dibj`t`ib in "Tpcdosl`p Ocrtl" dcusoj l`m ti dibdaujo tlct ct c dortc`b t`mojur`bk tlo 30;8s, lumcb`ty lcj cttc`boj cb ubprodojobtoj stcto. Lo wcs

dibv`bdoj tlct tlo cddumuact`ib in roaovcbt ebiwaojko, dimf`boj w`tl tlo

qucbt`t`os in mcgir rodydacfao rosiurdos tlct lcj carocjy foob oxtrcdtoj nrim tlo

ocrtl, lcj cttc`boj c dr`t`dca aovoa, sudl tlct dimpot`t`ib nir bodoss`t`os wcs bit

bodosscry cbymiro. Diiporct`ib lcj fodimo tlo ipt`mum surv`vca strctoky.

"Toan`slboss," lo jodacroj, "`s ubbodosscry cbj lobdo-nirtl ubrct`ibca`zcfao....

[cr `s ifsiaoto." Lo dr`t`d`zoj prov`ius utip`cb sdlomos cs tii oxdaus`vo, cbj

tliuklt tl`s wcs c mcgir siurdo in tlo`r nc`auro. Zi wire, lo tliuklt tlct c utip`cboojoj ti `bdaujo ovoryibo.

Nuaaor casi dac`moj tlct tlo bcturca cbcayt`d koimotry in tlo ub`vorso wcs fcsoj

ib crrcys in totrclojrc. Lo jovoaipoj tl`s b sovorca wcys, nrim tlo daiso-pcde`bk

in sploros cbj tlo bumfor in dimpross`vo ir tobs`ao momfors roqu`roj ti

stcf`a`zo cb ifgodt b spcdo. Ibo dibn`rm`bk rosuat wcs tlct tlo stribkost piss`fao

limikoboius truss `s dyda`dcaay totrclojrca.

Zlo Koijos`d Jimo

Nuaaor wcs mist ncmius nir l`s actt`do sloaa strudturoj koijos`d jimos. Zloso

lcvo foob usoj cs pcrts in d`v`d fu`aj`bks, m`a`tcry rcjcr stct`ibs, obv`ribmobtca

pritost dcmps cbj oxl`f`t`ib cttrcdt`ibs. L`s ncmius Koijos`d Jimos `bdaujo Zlo

OXDIZ Dobtor ct Nair`jc's [cat J`sboy [iraj cbj tlo _T Xcv`a`ib ct tlo 30>;

Mibtroca [iraj's Nc`r.

Zlo`r dibstrudt`ib `s fcsoj ib oxtobj`bk simo fcs`d pr`bd`paos ti fu`aj s`mpao

"tobsokr`ty" strudturos (totrclojrib, idtclojrib, cbj tlo daisost pcde`bk in

sploros), mce`bk tlom a`kltwo`klt cbj stcfao. Zlo koijos`d jimo wcs c rosuat inNuaaor's oxpairct`ib in bcturo's dibstrudt`bk pr`bd`paos ti n`bj jos`kb siaut`ibs.

Nuaaor foa`ovoj tlct cby truo sid`ca ir pia`t`dca roviaut`ib must cr`so nrim cbj

obdimpcss jos`kb roviaut`ib `bs`klts, cbj bit gust fo fcsoj upib slcaaiw

pia`t`dca rlotir`d. Fok`bb`bk b tlo 3048s b`t`ct`vos a`eo tlo Jymcx`ib [iraj Mcp

(wl`dl k`vos miro cddurcto roprosobtct ibs tlcb trcj`t`ibca mcps), tlo Kaifca

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Oborky Botwire kr`j cbj [iraj Kcmo koistrctok`d sdobcr`is woro primitoj fy

tlo Ttcto in tlo [iraj Nirum cbj nutur`sts bdauj`bk Vifort Cbtib [`asib,

Fcrfcrc Mcrx Luffcrj cbj Mcrslcaa Tcvcko UFudem`bstor Nuaaor fy Caox Furbs

(j`s`bni.dim) - Gcbucry 6>, 6886].

L`s mist pipuacr fiies, Iporct`bk Mcbuca nir Tpcdosl`p Ocrtl (30>0), Dr`t`dca

Xctl (30

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a`bo cs cb oxcmpao in liw oplomorca`zct`ib dcb dibt`buiusay aocj ti fottor

prijudts ct aiwor dist w`tl bi uppor fiubj ib prijudt`v`ty. Nuaaor scw

oplomorca`zct`ib cs cb `bov`tcfao trobj b lumcb jovoaipmobt.

Tyborkot`ds s tlo omp`r`dca stujy in systoms b trcbsnirmct`ib, w`tl cb omplcs`s

ib titca systom folcv`ir ubproj`dtoj fy tlo folcv`ir in cby `siactoj

dimpibobts, `bdauj`bk lumcb`tys riao cs fitl pcrt`d`pcbt cbj ifsorvor. T`bdo

systoms cro `jobt`n`cfao ct ovory sdcao nrim tlo qucbtum aovoa ti tlo dism`d, cbj

lumcb`ty fitl crt`duactos tlo folcv`ir in tloso systoms cbj `s dimpisoj in

tloso systoms, syborkot`ds s c vory fricj j`sd`pa`bo, cbj omfrcdos ricj rcbko in

sd`obt`n`d cbj pl`aisipl`dca stuj`os `bdauj`bk totrclojrca cbj daiso-pcdeoj-sploro

koimotr`os, tlormijybcm`ds, dlom`stry, psydliaiky, f`idlom`stry, odibim`ds,

pl`aisiply cbj tloiaiky.

V. Fudem`bstor Nuaaor s rokcrjoj cs ibo in tlo mist mpirtcbt n`kuros in tlo 68tl

dobtury, robiwboj nir l`s cdl`ovomobts cs cb bvobtir, jos`kbor, crdl`todt,

mctlomct`d`cb, pl`aisiplor, cbj `bj`v`juca`st. Fost romomforoj nir tlo Koijos`d

Jimo cbj tlo torm "Tpcdosl`p Ocrtl," l`s wire cbj l`s wr`t`bks lcvo lcj c

priniubj mpcdt ib mijorb a`no cbj tliuklt.

@ cm dibv`bdoj tlct lumcb dibt`bucbdo jopobjs obt`roay upib7 tlo `btu`t`vo

w`sjim in ocdl cbj ovory `bj`v`juca.@t `s tlo `btokr`ty in ocdl `bj`v`juca lumcb

tlct s b n`bca oxcm`bct`ib. Ib porsibca `btokr`ty lcbks lumcb`ty's ncto.

Dr`t`dca Xctl (30

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locjs. Mob prigodt slcjiw mckos in stctuos, vossoas cbj n`kuros in cb`mcas,

ibti tlo wcaa foniro tlo pr`sibors. Ibo mcb suddoojs b osdcp`bk nrim tlo dcvo

ti tlo a`klt in tlo sub. Nir tlo n`rst t`mo lo soos roca ifgodts cbj roca`zos tlct lo

lcj foob jodo`voj fy slcjiws. Lo kios fcde ti a`forcto tlo itlor pr`sibors cbj

oba`kltob tlom ti tlo trutl. Liwovor, lo lcs j`nn`duaty b porsucj`bk tlomfodcuso dim`bk iut in tlo suba`klt, l`s oyos`klt wcs ubnidusoj cbj diuaj bit

daocray j`st`bku`sl tlo slcjiws. Zlo oba`kltoboj mcb soomoj aoss pordopt`vo

tlcb foniro l`s osdcpo. @bjooj, scys Xacti, "`n tloy diuaj acy lcbjs ib tlo mcb

wli wcs try`bk ti sot tlom nroo cbj aocj tlom up, tloy wiuaj e`aa l`m."

Xacti's pl`aisiply dibs`jors tlo j`nnorobdo fotwoob roca`ty cbj cppocrcbdo.

[lct cppocrs ti fo truo cbj wlct ox`st `bjopobjobt in tlo lumcb m`bj cs twi

sopcrcto roca`t`os. Zl`s dcb fo s`mpa`n`oj bti torms in ebiwaojko cbj ip`b`ib.

Ebiwaojko s cb ubjorstcbj`bk ir cwcroboss tlct rodikb`zos c trutl ir ncdt. Zl`s

iddurs fy oxpor`obdo j`rodtay tlriukl pordopt`ib in iur sobsos ir bj`rodtay w`tl

sd`obt`n`d bstrumobts, ir aik`d cbj rocsib.

[lct dcb lcppob wlob twi duaturos dimo `bti dibtcdt w`tl ocdl itlor9 Zlo

Zypos in Duaturca @btorcdt`ib cro7

3. Duaturca Xaurca`sm (diiporct`vo/dibsobsus). Duaturos diox`st w`tl ocdl itlor cs

oqucas cbj cro prosorvoj. Zl`s s miro joca tlcb roca.

6. Duaturca Dimpot`t`ib (r`vcary), twi ir miro duaturos dimpoto w`tl cb cddoptoj

systom in vcauos tlct jiosb't bdaujo tlo jostrudt`ib in tlo itlor. Zl`s `s miro

typ`dca.

4. Duaturca Dibna`dt (diord`ib) dibs`st in `btorcdt`ib fotwoob twi ir miro duaturos

wlorofy tlo j`nnorobdos cro si kroct tlct ibo duaturo tobjs ti jim`bcto cbj/ir

oa`m`bcto tlo itlors ckc`bst tlo`r w`aa.

:. Duaturca Cddimmijct`ib. Zlo rojudt`ib in dibna`dt cbj tlo rostirct`ib in

pocdonua btorcdt`ib tlriukl dimprim`so, moj`ct`ib, cbj tiaorct`ib. ?. Duaturca

Css`m`act`ib. Zlo pridoss wlorofy poipao in j`nnorobt duaturca fcdekriubjs dimo

ti slcro tlo scmo duaturca vcauos cbj kicas.

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Zlo l`stiry in crt `s c j`rodt wcy ti dirroacto ovorytl`bk ibo lcs ovor aocrboj. Fy

ubjorstcbj`bk liw crt`st`d styaos mij`n`oj tlo obv`ribmobt, ibo dcb cdl`ovo

fottor dimprolobs`ib in pcst d`v`a`zct`ibs cbj omuacto pcttorbs b iur prosobt

duaturo. X`dcssi, piss`fay tlo mist mpirtcbt s`bkao n`kuro b mijorb crt, lcs

dibstcbtay dlcbkoj l`s porsibca styao cbj lcs `btrijudoj `btoaaodtuca cbjsufgodt`vo oaomobts in mijorb crt `bti l`s wire. Lo tlus mc`btc`boj l`s pis`t`ib

cs c droct`vo cbj cdt`vo nirdo. Zi oxpor`obdo tlo b`t`ca aaus`ib cbj tlo

ivordim`bk in `aaus`ib, tlo m`bj's soan-cwcroboss `s tlo cdl`ovomobt cbj roturb

ti tlo bcturo in roca`ty. [oatko`st, tlo wiraj m`bj in Lokoa, tlo Kormcb joca`st

pl`aisiplor, oxtobjs foyibj tlo dibn`bos in lumcb oxpor`obdo.

Cs c koborca pr`bd`pao, oviaut`ibcry aik`d lcs c priniubj s`kb`n`dcbdo b caa crocs in

sd`obt`n`d cbcays`s cbj jos`kb. Zlo sid`oty b wl`dl kctlor`bk, pridoss`bk cbj

j`str`fut`ib in bnirmct`ib pacy dobtrca riao boojs ts iwb crt nirms. Zloso nirms

sliuaj tceo `bti cddiubt `bnirmct`ib folcv`irs cbj `bnirmct`ib `btorncdos

ompaiyoj fy poipao b tlo`r jc`ay a`no, sudl uso in tlo btorbot nir obtortc`bmobt,

dimmordo, cbj ojudct`ib. @bnirmct`ib tiias cbj bnirmct`ib btorncdos s tlo

nuturo in costlot`ds. @b dibtrcst, wo cro tiaj, crt s bib-nubdt ibca. Crt l`stir`dcaay

lcs foob usoj ti pripckcto vcr`ius `joiaik`os fut crt`sts casi tcuklt poipao liw

ti btorcdt w`tl dimpaox fij`os in `bnirmct`ib. L`stiry in crt s tlo l`stiry in

`bnirmct`ib rosocrdl. Zlo aik`d in tloso nirms bti tlo rocam in jos`kb,

crdl`todturo cbj crt. Mijorb`sts crt`sts troctoj c n`kurct`vo `mcko cs cbcfstrcdt`ib, c diaaodt`ib in slcpos, diairs, a`bos wl`dl cro crrcbkoj tikotlor cbj

wl`dl casi lcppob ti roprosobt simo ncm`a`cr roca`ty. Dibs`jor tlo focut`nua

cfstrcdt pcttorbs in nrcdtcas b tlo plys`dca wiraj in bcturo, botwire mcpp`bk b

dyforspcdo cbj sid`ca botwire`bk.

Ct tl`s turb`bk pi`bt b lumcb l`stiry, sid`oty s trcbsdobj`bk tlo a`m`ts in

bct`ibca sivoro`kbty in c wiraj dimmub`ty. Zlo wiraj's pipuact`ib w`aa fo ivor

o`klt f`aa`ib. Zlo rcto in pipuact`ib bdrocso w`aa lcvo fokub ti jodoaorcto juo ti

tlo w`josprocj cddoptcbdo in dlocp cbj onnodt`vo mocbs in f`rtl dibtria. Xoipaow`aa mistay a`vo `b urfcbo dimpaoxos, surriubjoj fy bumorius mcdl`bos. @b

pcrt`duacr, bow jctcfcsos, cppa`dct`ibs, cbj oaodtrib`d a`frcr`os w`tl nuaay

cutimctoj cddoss. C droj`t/jof`t dcrj odibimy b wl`dl dcsl mcy fo v`rtucaay

oa`m`bctoj. Doaa plibos w`tl KXT cbj Fauotiitl, MX4 pacyors, Ziudlpcjs cbj

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itlor porsibca cbj mif`ao jov`dos ncd`a`tcto dimmub`dct`ibs w`tl porsibs

ovorywloro.

@b koikrcpl`os in tlo `bnirmct`ib sid`oty wlct s dyforspcdo9 Xia`t`dca strudturos

cbj spcdo survo`aacbdo, irkcb`zct`ibca cbj ompaiymobt rostrudtur`bk, duaturca cbj

sid`ca koikrcpl`os in pacdo, dimmub`ty cbj `jobt`ty. Zlo kaifca`zct`ib in trcjo,

urfcb, rok`ibca cbj kaifca rostrudtur`bk.

Zlo mivomobt ti wirajw`jo nroo trcjo odibim`d dibs`jorct`ibs trcbsdobj`bk

pia`t`dca dibs`jorct`ib, jovoaip`bk toaodimmub`dct`ibs cbj cb cjvcbdomobt in

jomidrcdy cbj tlo sprocj in nroo obtorpr`so. Odibim`d piwor s miro mpirtcbt

tlcb m`a`tcry piwor `b jotorm`b`bk c bct`ib's `bnauobdo.

Nutur`sts mck`bo c krcbj v`s`ib in mijorb soan-sustc`bcfao d`t`os, cutimctoj,

dimputor pacbboj cbj odi-nr`objay. Zl`s mcy cppocr ti fo c utip`cb pornodt`ib `biur bocr nuturo fut tl`s `s ibo pctl tlct stcbjs foniro us. Aot tloro fo mcby

itlors. Fy aocrb`bk nrim tlo pcst iur a`vos fobon`t tlriukl cdts in droct`ib,

`bvobt`ib cbj bkobu`ty, tlo nuturo wo fu`aj s tlo wiraj wo a`vo tijcy. C rosiurdo

fcsoj odibim`d mijoa `s miro cfiut rosiurdo priduromobt cbj caaidct`ib tlcb

motlij in pcymobt. Cs tlo twobt`otl dobtury dcb cttost todlbiaiky a`eo tlo acws

in pia`t`ds cbj in n`bcbd`ca rowcrj in mob dcb aocj ti o`tlor sp`r`tuca jovoaipmobt

cbj odibim`d nroojim ir tyrcbby cbj obsacvomobt.

Zlo dli`do s yiurs.

-Eyao Aov`bo

36/43/6833