CTRC Safety Training

March 10, 2014

*Purpose

*Provide Required Annual Safety Training for Personnel at the CTRC

* Personnel and Responsibilities

*CTRC Director- Dr Timothy Murphy

*CTRC Manager- Dr. Richard Karalus

*UB Biosafety Officer- David Pawlowski, Ph.D

*UB Radiation Safety Officer- Jeff Slawson

*Environmental Programs Manager- Brian Foti

*Chemical Hygiene Officer, Hazardous Materials Manager- Anthony Oswald

*Environmental Health and Safety Services 829-3301

*Employer (PI) responsibilities

*Employee responsibilities

*PIs bear full responsibility for safety in their laboratories

* Fire Safety

*Fire Safety and Prevention* During a fire

* Turn off oxygen, gas, andelectrical equipment in the affected area

* USE THE STAIRS – NEVER USE THE ELEVATORS

* Know primary and secondary evacuation routes

*Fire Safety and Prevention

*Bunsen Burners/open flame devices should be used only when necessary and should always be attended.

*Consider bacticinerators and micro burners as alternatives to Bunsen Burners.

*Biosafety Cabinets - open flames are NOT recommended. They can damage the HEPA filter and cause a fire.

*Fire Safety and Prevention

*Extension cords are not permitted for permanent applications

*Space heaters must be equipped with tip over shutoff devices

*Daisy Chained power strips are not permitted

*Maintain a minimum of 18" between boxes and ceiling

* Safety Equipment

*Fire alarm pull stations *Each stairwell entrance

*CRC

*Fire extinguishers

*Emergency showers

*Emergency eye wash stations

*AEDs near SW corner of each floor

*First aid kits

Know locations of safety equipment

*Fire alarm pull stations are located by each stair well

*Fire alarms will include both strobe and audio alarms

*CTRC alarms only alarm floor involved and the adjacent floors

*Only alarming floors are required to evacuate unless otherwise advised

*Fire Safety

*Fire Extinguishers

* Fire Extinguishers:* Located in most

laboratories

* Do not obstruct or concealfire extinguishers

* Located in hallwaysthroughout CTRC

* Know where your nearestfire extinguisher is

*Fire Extinguishers

* When using remember P.A.S.S.

P = Pull the pinA = Aim at base of fire about

8-10ft awayS = Squeeze the triggerS = Sweep side to side

* “How to Use” instructions can be found on thefire extinguisher label

* USE ONLY IF FIRE IS SMALL AND IFYOU HAVE HAD TRAINING ON ITS USE

*Fire: Remember R.A.C.E.

R = Rescue Rescue people in theimmediate area

A = AnnounceAnnounce the fire verbally

Activate the alarm

C = Confine Confine fire by

Closing doors

E = EvacuateEvacuate the floor,

Extinguish if a small fire

*Evacuation-Fifth Floor

*Evacuation-Sixth Floor

*Evacuation-Seventh Floor

*Evacuation-Eighth Floor

*Section #3 Ground Floor Evacuation

*Sub-basement Level Evacuation

*General Laboratory

Safety

* Biosafety levels*BSL-1

*Organisms that do not normally cause human infections

*BSL-2*Organisms that cause human infections of low

morbidity/mortality

*Potential for aerosol transmission

*BSL-3*Organisms that cause human infections of high

morbidity/mortality

*Aerosol transmission

*BSL-4*Organisms of extremely high morbidity/mortality for

which there are no treatments

*Aerosol or unknown transmission

* General Safety

*General laboratory rules*Eating, drinking, smoking or the use of

other tobacco products or cosmetics is strictly prohibited

*The application or removal of contact lenses is forbidden

*Storage of these items in the laboratory is prohibited

*Mouth pipetting is strictly prohibited

*Open toed shoes are not permitted

*Minimize aerosols

*Wash Hands

* Personal Protective Equipment

*Should never serve as primary protection

*Appropriate for risk

*Minimum*Disposable surgical gloves

*Nitrile (recommended)

*Latex

*Eye protection*Splash

*UV/other radiation

*Lab Coat

*Respirators (may require fit testing and medical clearance- contact EH&S)*Particulate (N95, PAPR, P-100)

*Chemical cartridge (activated charcoal, chlorine, etc)

*Hearing

*PPE Rules to Remember

* Always check PPE for defects or tears before using

* If PPE becomes torn or defective remove and replace

* Remove PPE before leaving a contaminated area

* Contaminated PPE should be removed and disposed of in biohazard containers

* Do not reuse disposable equipment

* Engineering Controls(Facilities and Equipment that enhance safety)

*HVAC negative pressure

*Fume hoods *Use with volatile chemicals or non-

infectious substances that pose an aerosol risk

*Toxic powders

Note: The use of biological agents in a fume hood is prohibited.

*Use Biosafety cabinets with BSL-2 (or higher) agents where an aerosol hazard exists

*Electrical Protection, *GFI

*Sound cabinets*sonicators

* Biosafety Cabinets

*General Operation

*Types

*Class I- no longer used

*Class II type A/B3- 70% recirculation, 30% exhaust into room (type A); or thimble connected to building HVAC- negative pressure plenum (type B3)

*Class II type B1- Cabinet air is 40% recirculated, hard ducted to HVAC, can be used with minute amounts of chemicals.

*Class II type B2- 100% exhaust can be used with small amounts of chemicals, plenum is totally under negative pressure.

*Class III- glovebox

*Must be certified at least annually- PI responsibility

*Fume Hoods

* Do not store chemicals or equipment in fume hoods

* Use appropriate PPE* Use with sash in

proper position* Check for proper

airflow before using(e.g., “tissue on sash alarm”)

* Report any diminishedairflow to Building Manager (888-4730)

* Lab Specific Safety Training

*The Lab supervisor/PI is required to provide lab specific safety training to staff working in their in their lab(s)

*Laboratory Specific training should supplement general training on laboratory specific hazards and safety procedures

*Additional specific training (radiation safety, animal handling, etc.) may also be required

NOTE: The PI is responsible for safety in his/her laboratory

*OSHA BloodBorne Pathogen Standard

*Your Exposure Potential

* Laboratory accidents

*Sharps

*Spills

*[Animal exposure (LAF Occupational Exposure Medical Plan)]*

* Handling of human (animal*) samples

*Handling of any waste products

* First aid administration

* Post-accident cleanup

*Janitorial or maintenance work*Animal tissues and fluids are not included in the official OSHA BloodBorne Pathogen Standard, but pose similar risks and are thus included in this discussion

* Common Bloodborne Pathogens

*Hepatitis B(HBV)

*Hepatitis C(HCV)

*Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)

* Potentially Infectious Substances

*Human (and Animal*)*Blood

*Skin and tissue

*Cell cultures

*Saliva

*Vomit

*Urine

*Semen and vaginal secretions

*Any bodily fluid or substance

*Universal Precautions

* Treat all blood and bodily fluids and samples as if they are contaminated

* Proper cleanup and decontamination

* Dispose of contaminated materials in the proper biohazard containers

* Use of proper PPE

*Hand Washing

* Wash hands immediately after removing PPE and before leaving laboratory

* Use a soft antibacterial soap

* Do not use bleach

* A hand sanitizer can be used, but wash with soap and water as soon as possible.

* Medical Program

*Vaccinations*Hepatitis B

*Animal Handling*

*(LAF Occupational Exposure Medical Plan)

*Exotic agents

*Exposure Incident

* OSHA requirement: Each lab should have a written, lab specific Exposure Control Plan (template available at EH&S website)

* An exposure is a specific incident of contact with potentially infectious bodily fluid

* If there are no infiltrations of mucous membranes or open skin surfaces, it is not considered an occupational exposure

* Report all accidents involving blood or bodily fluids to your superior and UB EH&S

* Post-exposure medical evaluations must be offered (personal physician or clinic)

*Post-Exposure Evaluation

* Confidential medical evaluation

* Document route of exposure

* Identify source individual

* Test source individual’s blood (with individual’s consent)

* Provide results to exposed employee

* File C2 workers accident form with NYS Workers Compensation Board (1-866-396-8314)

*Hepatitis B Vaccination

*Strongly endorsed by medical communities

* Offered to all employees working

with bloodborne hazards- must be

documented

*Provided at no cost to employees

* Declination form

*Decontamination* Wear appropriate PPE

* When decontaminating surfaces use appropriate disinfectant

* Cover contaminated area with disinfectant, allow appropriate contact time, and wipe up

* Dispose of all wipes in biohazard containers

* Chemical Decontamination

*Know the proper decontaminant and proper usage for each agent

Common Examples:

*Bleach (sodium hypochlorite)* 1:10 dilution 5.25% household bleach (5,000 ppm free

chlorine)

* 30 minute exposure time

* 2 week shelf life (diluted)

* 6 month shelf life (undiluted)

* Corrosive to metal

*Ethanol* 70%

* Rapidly bactericidal

* Noncorrosive

* Flammable

* Not sporicidal

* Unable to kill hydrophilic viruses

* May increase latex permeability to viruses

* Autoclave Use*Operation

*121o C for a minimum of 20 minutes.

*Bags should be no more than 2/3 full

*Bags should not be completely sealed during autoclaving

*Bags should be placed in a container capable of containing any contents that may leak from them

* Validation*An indicator must be present in each load (autoclave tape, steam strip, spore test)

*Laboratory Door Posting

*Required on each research lab door

*Quick reference in caseof an emergency or an issue concerning safety

*Fillable order form available on EH&S site: http://www.facilities-buffalo.org/Departments/ehs/EHSForms

*Reviewed and updated annually or whenever a significant change takes place

*Lab Security

*Report any suspicious individuals immediately to Kaleida Security (859-2196)

*Report any lost, missing, or stolen hazardous materials (biologicals, chemicals, radioactive materials, etc.) to EH&S (829-3301)

*Report any lost, stolen, or found keys, or any failures of the security doors immediately to Kaleida Security and the CTRC Manager (888-4730)

*Lab Security

Security is only as strong as the occupants wish it to be*No tailgating(one swipe card = one person in)

*Doors should not be propped open

*If someone looks out of place, ask if they need assistance

*Do not leave valuables in the open

*Lock doors when rooms are vacant

*Chemical Safety

*Regulatory Agencies forHazardous Chemicals

*Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) [Workplace]

*New York State Department of Labor (DOL) [private firms]*Public Employee Safety and Health Bureau (PESH)- NYS employees

*National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) [Fire Protection and Storage]

*Agencies that RegulateHazardous Waste

*Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)

*New York State Department of Environmental Conservation (NYSDEC)

*Department of Transportation (DOT)

Hazardous waste generators must comply with regulations enforced by these agencies:

*Flammable Chemicals

*Flash point <100°F (Combustible - Flash Point >100-200°F)

*Fire/Explosion Hazard

*Keep Sparks and Flames Away

*Examples*Acetone, Ethanol, Methanol

*Reactive Chemicals

*Release Large Amounts of Energy

*React Violently with Water or Air

*React with Other Chemicals to Produce Toxic Gases

*Rapid Pressure Build-up/Explosion Potential

*Unstable/Readily Undergoes Change

*Examples:*Calcium Hydride, Sodium Metal, and Organic Peroxides

*Corrosive Chemicals

*Acids or Alkalis (Bases)

*Destructive to Tissue

*Generates Heat During Reactions

*Examples: *Hydrochloric Acid, Potassium Hydroxide, Hydrofluoric acid

*Sensitizer Chemicals

*Allergic Reaction

*Repeated exposure may worsen reaction

*Individuals React Differently!

*Severity Depends on Sensitivity, Potency, Concentration, and Duration

*Examples: *Poison Ivy, Chromic Acid, Nickel

*How Chemicals Enter The Body

*Inhalation

*Skin Contact*Dermal Absorption

*Mucosal surfaces

*Breaks in the Skin

*Ingestion

*Injection (Sharps)

*Target Organs

*Hepatotoxins - Liver*Nephrotoxins - Kidney*Lungs*Teratogen - Reproductive Toxins

*Mutagen - Cellular*Blood and Lymph System

*Immune System*Neurotoxins- Nervous System

*Symptoms of Exposure

*Eye discomfort

*Breathing difficulty

*Dizziness

*Headache

*Nausea

*Vomiting

*Skin irritation

*Acute Vs. Chronic Illness

*Acute*Short-term Exposure

*Immediate or slightly delayed health effects

*Chronic*Long-term Exposure

*Delayed effects

*The Dose Determines the Poison

ONE YEAR

1 LB.

ONE HOUR

1 LB.

* How to Control Hazards

* Risk assessment* Recognize hazards* Evaluate and minimize

risks * Control hazards  Hazard Category1

Frequency Catastrophic Critical Marginal NegligibleFrequent 1 3 7 13Probable 2 5 9 16

Occasional 4 6 11 18Remote 8 10 14 19

Improbable 12 15 17 20

Hazard Risk Index Review Criteria1-5 Unacceptable6-9 Undesirable

10-17 Acceptable with Review by Biosafety Officer18-20 Acceptable without review

*Hazard Awareness

*Signs

*Labels

*Tags

*Training

*Plan ahead

*Experience

*Hazard Awareness

*Chemical Inventory

(required)

*Information on Hazards

*MSDS (required in every lab)

*Note that MSDS’ are being transitioned to Safety Data Sheets (SDSs) from June-December 2015

*MSDs ≠ SDSs

*Internet

*Literature

*Safety Data Sheets(formerly MSDS’)

*Cannot take an MSDS and call it an SDS!

*16 specific sections, must be in order

*Sections 12-15 not being enforced

*Include Tox/Disposal/Transport/Reg. Info

*Outside OSHA jurisdiction

*May be paper or electronic

*Provide in English or other languages

*SDS Sections

*Sec. 1: Identification;*Sec. 2: Hazard identification;*Sec. 3: Composition/information on ingredients;*Sec. 4: First aid measures;*Sec. 5: Fire-fighting measures;*Sec. 6: Accidental release measures; *Sec. 7: Handling and storage;*Sec. 8: Exposure control/personal protection;*Sec. 9: Physical and chemical properties;*Sec. 10: Stability and reactivity;*Sec. 11: Toxicological information;*Sec. 12*: Ecological information;*Sec. 13*: Disposal considerations;*Sec. 14*: Transport information;*Sec. 15*: Regulatory information; and*Sec. 16: Other information, including date of

preparation or most recent revision.

HCS Pictograms and Hazards

Health Hazard• Carcinogen • Mutagenicity

• Reproductive Toxicity • Respiratory Sensitizer • Target Organ Toxicity • Aspiration Toxicity

Flame• Flammables • Pyrophorics • Self-Heating

• Emits Flammable Gas • Self-Reactives

• Organic Peroxides

Exclamation Mark• Irritant (skin and eye)

• Skin Sensitizer • Acute Toxicity • Narcotic Effects

• Respiratory Tract Irritant • Hazardous to Ozone Layer (Non-

Mandatory)

Gas Cylinder• Gases Under Pressure

Corrosion• Skin Corrosion/Burns

• Eye Damage • Corrosive to Metals

Exploding Bomb• Explosives

• Self-Reactives • Organic Peroxides

Flame Over Circle• Oxidizers

Environment(Non-Mandatory)

• Aquatic Toxicity

Skull and Crossbones

• Acute Toxicity (fatal or toxic)

*New Labeling Requirements with HAZCOM Update

*Labels

*Symbols (Pictograms)

*Signal words “Danger” or Warning” – emphasize hazards, level of severity

*Hazard Statements – standard phrases

*Precautionary Statements

*Hazard Control - Administrative Controls

*Chemical Hygiene Plan (available from EH&S)

*Written Policies and SOPs

*Emergency Procedures

*After Hours Policy – No Working Alone

*Safe Chemical Handling

*Keep Containers Closed When Not in Use

*Avoid Contact with Incompatible Materials

*Only Transfer to Approved Containers

*Clean Up Spills, Dispose of Waste Properly

*Label Containers

*Safe Handling of Flammable Chemicals

*Store Chemicals Properly

*Bond (Ground) All Receiving Containers

*Store Quantities in Approved Storage Rooms and Cabinets

*Keep Away from Ignition Sources

*HazardousSpills

*Hazardous Spill Response

Please remember:

*Do not attempt to clean up any hazardous spill yourself unless you are properly trained and have the capability to do so!

*Notify staff in the immediate area and the appropriate safety staff and post the area with signs alerting people of the spill

*Contain spill if possible

*Biological or Chemical: Evacuate lab

Radioactive: Stay at lab doorway

*Wait for instructions

*Biological or Chemical Spill

*Remove any contaminated clothing or personal protective equipment (PPE)- do not track the spill

*If necessary, use emergency shower or eyewash

*Contain spill if possible

*Each laboratory is responsible for maintaining spill kits that address their specific hazards (biological, acids, bases, formaldehyde and solvents plus general sorbents (Available from EH&S $45, replenish at no cost)

*Call EH&S at 829-3301 during working hours

*Call Kaleida Security (859-2196) after hours

*Remain near lab for instructions and to provide information when proper response personnel arrive

*Large or Small Spill?

*Large Spills*Greater than 1 liter*Mercury greater than amount in a standard thermometer

*Response*Evacuate Area*Close doors to prevent people from entering

*Call for assistance*Secure area until proper response personnel arrive

*Small Spills*Remove people from area

*If anyone requires first aid, see to them first

*Isolate/secure the spill area

*Proceed to clean up with spill kit

*Dispose of as hazardous waste

*Radioactive Spill

*Remove any contaminated clothing & PPE. Wash contaminated skin with warm soapy water.

*Notify staff and post the area of the spill and contact Radiation Safety (829-3281)

*Contain and/or shield spill if possible

*Stay at lab door until monitored for contamination.

Note: Additional training is required to work with radioactive materials or radiation generating equipment.

*Waste Disposal

*Waste Disposal ProceduresBiological Waste:

* Stericycle is the waste disposal provider at CTRC- EACH LAB MUST SET UP AN ACCOUNT

* Line biohazard box with red bag (rm 6068 and 6015)

* Place all non-sharp biohazardous waste into red bag

* Use plastic sharps containers for all sharps

* Place sealed full sharps containers into red bag lined box and indicate sharps on the outer label

* Seal full boxes with packing tape

* Place account sticker on outside of box

* Boxes should not weigh over 50 pounds

* Boxes can be transported to room 6015 for pickup

*Sharps Disposal Procedures* Lined multi-ply cardboard

box for uncontaminated glass

* Properly labeled heavy gauge plastic sharps container for contaminated sharps

* Needles, scalpels, etc.* Do not clip or recap needles* Put in sharps container in lab

* Broken glassware* Use tongs or broom and shovel to pick

up

*Common Hazardous Waste Myths

*“It’s Not a Waste Until I Say It’s a Waste”

*“I Can Just React It and Pour It Down the Sink”

*“Training and Records Aren’t a High Priority”

*“Just put the bottle in the fume hood and take the cap off…”

*“The solution to pollution is dilution”

*RCRA Empty Containers

*The container IS hazardous waste, OR

*Container has been triple rinsed using an appropriate solvent and rinsate is collected for proper disposal

A Container That Held Any Hazardous Waste Is RCRA Empty If :

All Wastes Have Been Removed That Can Be Removed

For Acutely Hazardous Wastes -

*Disposal of Empty Containers

* Remove the Label or* Completely Deface It

with a Marker or* Tape Over the Label,

and …* Place a “RCRA Empty”

Label on the container:

To show that the empty container no longer contains hazardous materials:

*US EPA Definition – Hazardous Waste

*On a US EPA List or:

*Fits Hazardous Waste Definition

*Ignitable

*Corrosive

*Toxic

*Reactive

Is the Material a Hazardous Waste?

*Waste Labeling InstructionsFront Back (Peel and

Stick)

* Do not use chemical symbols, abbreviations, or formulas

*Waste Disposal Procedures

Hazardous Chemical Waste:* Collect waste in appropriately labeled

container (labels available from CTRC Manager and EH&S)

* Containers must be capped* Containers undamaged, free of leaks and

spills* Containers properly stored within secondary

containment* Incompatible wastes segregated in separate

secondary containment* Base under containers in good condition* Download “Request for Hazardous Waste

Disposal” electronic form on UB EH&S website, fill in by hand and fax or email a scanned copy to EH&S

* Questions can be directed to UB EH&S (829-3301)

*Satellite Accumulation Area

Inspection - Perform Weekly*Are containers:

*Labeled?

*Capped?

*Undamaged, free of leaks and spills?

*Properly stored within secondary containment?

*Incompatible wastes segregated in separate secondary containment?

*Base under containers in good condition?

*Keep Inspection Records for 3 Years

Hazardous Waste

Guidebook

Resource is there for you.

Use it!

Available on line at www.ehs.buffalo.edu or

from the EH&S office at 829-3301

*Hazardous Waste Guidebook

*Waste Disposal Procedures

Radioactive Waste:* Collect in appropriate

labeled & shielded(i.e., if needed) container

* Separate containers for:* Type (e.g., dry, liquid,

scintillation fluid)* Nuclide (e.g., H-3, I-125, P-32)

* Call Radiation Safety (829-3281) for instructions

Note: Additional training is required to work with radioactive materials or radiation generating equipment

* Disposal of Empty Containers

* Under no circumstances may a container labeled with the international radioactive symbol, biohazard symbol or with the words “hazardous waste” be disposed of in the regular trash

* Label must be removed or defaced

*Injury

*Major- Go to BGMC Emergency Department or call Kaleida Security (859-2196)

*Minor- Notify supervisor and go to BGMC Emergency Department or personal physician

*AEDs and first aid kits are located on each floor near kitchenette/conference rooms- know where they are.

*First aid can only be performed by individuals who have proper training

* Documentation*Biological Hygiene Plan- under revision

*Organization and administration

*General operating procedures

*General safety procedures

*Personal protective equipment

*Emergency response

*Chemical Hygiene Plan

*Procedure Specific SOPs

*Employee Records*Employee right to know

*Privacy

* Emergency plans

*Spills

*Emergency contacts *CTRC- Kaleida Security- 859-2196

*EH&S- 829-3301

*Fire evacuation route

*Exposures

* References* UB Environment, Health, and Safety: http://

www.facilities-buffalo.org/Departments/ehs

* OSHA, www.osha.gov

* EPA, www.epa.gov

* Safety in Academic Chemistry Laboratories (American Chemical Society)

* Biosafety in Microbiological and Biomedical Laboratories- Fifth edition: http://www.cdc.gov/od/ohs/biosfty/bmbl5/bmbl5toc.htm

* American Biological Safety Association: http://www.absa.org/index.html

* OSHA Bloodborne Pathogen Standard: http://www.osha.gov/pls/oshaweb/owadisp.show_document?p_table=STANDARDS&p_id=10051

* APIC guidelines for disinfectant use (Amer. J Inf. Contr., vol 24, No. 4, pp313-342, August 1996)

* Antiseptics and disinfectants: activity, action, and resistance (Clin Mic Rev, Jan. 1999, p. 147–179 Vol. 12, No. 1)

* Health Canada MSDLs: http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/msds-ftss/index.html