School of Architecture, Building & Design

Bachelor of Quantity Surveying (Honours)

Construction Technology III (QSB2514 / BLD60304)

Assignment (Group Project)

Sheet Piles Wall & Precast Concrete Retaining Wall

Kok Ka Shing 0323553

Lee Jia Kam 0320029

Leong Min Hui 0327596

What is a Retaining Wall?

Resist the lateral pressure of

the soil.

Desired change in ground

elevation.

Prevent slope instability or

erosion.

Classified according to the

height:

Sheet Pile Walls

Made from various materials (E.g Steel & Concrete)

Concrete is better than steel in terms of long term reliability.

Strength & environmental requirements are considered

before deciding on the type of sheet wall to construct.

Method of construction depends on the soil condition.

Functions (E.g. Marine bulkhead, retaining wall, etc)

Methods of Constructing

Vibration method

-Most common method to construct

-Uses a vibratory hammer

Pressing method

-Used when noise and vibration could be a problem

-Uses a hydraulic machine

-Takes longer and more expensive to construct

Excavation method

Advantages and Disadvantages

Advantages 👍1. Provides enough resistance to driving stresses.2. Light weight and strong. 3. Can be reuse several times.4. Long service life above or below water with modest protection.

Disadvantages 👎1. More suitable for temporary structure instead of permanent structure.2. Difficult to install in soils with boulders or cobbles. In such cases, the desired wall depths may not be reached.3. Excavation shapes are dictated by the sheet pile section and interlocking elements.4. Sheet pile driving may cause neighbouring building’s to crack.

Mercedes-Benz showroom:

underground car park

Located in Sint-Martens-Latem, province of East

Flanders, Belgium

Constructed by Wedam Bvba construction

company

The outer wall of the underground car park was initially used a retaining wall but was later incorporated into the building structure

Essential part load bearing structure of the showroom

Interlocks were seal-welded to achieve 100% water tightness

Studs, injection tubes and water-stopping strips assures complete imperviousness of the sheet pile wall

Vertical anchors are also used to prevent uplifting of the concrete base slab

Precast concrete retaining wall

Manufactured from high-grade precast concrete, up to 600mm wide module

Installed based on the cantilever principle

Erected on a foundation as a permanent retaining wall or a free standing dividing wall

Reinforced on both faces to meet all form of stem loading

Specially designed units are available to provide flexible layout arrangements

Methods of Constructing

1. Excavate the foundation trenches

2. Pour a layer of concrete foundation strip, tamp to level of pegs and ensure that is leveled both along foundation and across.

3. Set out string lines approx .10mm away from outer position of wall to avoid being pushed out during installation.

4. Position first panel using a loader or crane to lift the panels into place

5. Install remaining panels and ensure all panels are true and level and pack under to achieve level top line.

6. Ensure all panels are level, check top heights as work goes on.

7. Seal joints, back out wide joints and gun in sealant. Work into joint and ensure that there are no bubbles are good contact is made to joint sides.

8. Fill lifting holes and any areas damaged during installation with a bonding mortar using a suitable SBR.

Advantages and Disadvantages

Advantages 👍

1. Reduced completion time by eliminating the curing period that is required for in-situ walls.

2. Eliminating the need for formwork.

3. Better quality control over the production of concrete in the factory.

4. Labour required in the manufacturing process of the precast units can be easily trained.

Disadvantages 👎

1. Must be properly handled, if not precast units may be damaged during transportation.

2. It becomes difficult to produce satisfactory connections between the precast members.

3. Special equipment required for lifting and moving of the precast units.

New Whitby Supermarket

Located in Withby, Yorkshire, Northern England

Precast concrete panels is supplied and installed by ACP Concrete

The design used 280mm thick pre-stressed concrete panels to form

retaining walls up to 4.1m in height

Phase 1 was completed by installing 92 vertical cantilever panels

(or 111metres) of retaining walls in 8 days

Phase 2 & 3 was completed in July by adding 94 more panels (or

121metres) to the existing wall

THANK YOU

REFERENCES

123, D. (2017). article. [online] Acp-concrete.co.uk. Available at: http://www.acp-concrete.co.uk/precast-concrete-products/precast-concrete-wall-panels/further-information/case-studies/article/?id=1 [Accessed 31 May 2017].

Chudley, R., Greeno, R., Mike Hurst, M. and Topliss, S. (2017). Construction Technology. 5th ed. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey, United States: Pearson Education, p.630.

Anon, (2017). [online] Available at: http://eprints.utm.my/10626/4/LohWeeLoonMFKA2010chap1.pdf [Accessed 31 May 2017].

Anon, (2017). [online] Available at: http://www.firth.co.nz/assets/Uploads/Brochures/Rebuild-Right-Retaining-Walls-Systems-.pdf [Accessed 31 May 2017].

Anon, (2017). [online] Available at: http://www.in.gov/indot/design_manual/files/Ch410_2013.pdf [Accessed 31 May 2017].

Deepexcavation.com. (2017). Sheet Pile Walls - Deep Excavation. [online] Available at: http://www.deepexcavation.com/en/sheet-pile-walls [Accessed 31 May 2017].

Railsystem.net. (2017). Sheet Pile Wall Construction |. [online] Available at: http://www.railsystem.net/sheet-pile-wall-construction/ [Accessed 31 May 2017].