Crude Oil Phytoremediation Investigation With Different Poplar And Willow Clones

Andrej Pilipovic(1), Sasa Orlovic(1), Natasa Nikolic(2), Borivoj Krstic(2), Karolina Nemes(2)

1 University of Novi Sad, Institute of Lowland Forestry and Environment, Serbia

2 University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Sciences – Institute of Biology and Ecology, Serbia

Novi Sad, Serbia April-May 1999

•Destroyed - 74 000 t of crude oil and derivates

•90% burned

•surface runoff to Danube - 500t

•Rest – soil contamination 95 000 m2

(51 000 m2 with crude oil)

•Collected contaminated soils transferred to special concrete pools

Rhizodegradation

Biotransformation processes Enzymatic activity of microorganisms:

oxidation,reduction,hidrolysis,conjugation etc.

Interaction of plants and microorganisms with aim of mutual benefits

Exu

date

s

Detoxification

Goal of research - Questions

possible to phytoremediatie?

Can P&W grow on such soil?

How P&W grow?

Rhizodegradation?

Mixed or as it is?

Material and methods

Cuttings from three poplar clones:Populus deltoides cl. PD2; Populus X euramericana cl. EA8 and Populus nigra X maximowiczii X Populus nigra var. „Italica“ cl. NM8 and

Three willow clones:Salix alba cl. SA/H/1; Salix alba cl. SA/I/1 i Salix alba cl. SA/K/1

in greenhouse pot experiment

Material and methods

treatmentTPH mg/kg

mineral oilsmg/kg

0% 20.83 5.12

5% 76.88 54.87

25% 812.96 571.8

50% 6046.6 3769

75% 9311.7 5370

100% 10841.6 6174

Material and methods

Investigated parametersiBiomass productionPlant heightNitrate reductase activity (NRA)

Microorganisms abundance

Plant height (cm)

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

0% 5% 25% 50% 75% 100%

tretman

h (c

m)

EA8 NM3 PD2 SA/I/1 SA/H/1 SA/K/1

Biomass production (gFW )

02468

1012141618

0% 5% 25% 50% 75% 100%

tretman

M(g

DW

)

EA8 NM3 PD2 SA/I/1 SA/H/1 SA/K/1

M (g

sv.m

at.)

25% 5% 0%

100% 75% 50%

Clone

Treatment

0% 5% 25% 50% 75% 100%

EA8 0,574cde 0,368fgh 0,782a 0,389fg 0,670abcd 0,672abcd

NM3 0,259hi 0,217i 0,438f 0,639bcd 0,465ef 0,338fghi

PD2 0,407fg 0,303ghi 0,743ab 0,412fg 0,699abc 0,568de

SA/I/1 0,0426cde 0,0313e 0,0387cde 0,0460bcd 0,0360de 0,0320e

SA/H/1 0,0510abc 0,0393cde 0,0397cde 0,0377de 0,0337de 0,0327e

SA/K/1 0,0627a 0,0393cde 0,0553ab 0,0400cde 0,0440bcde 0,0370de

LSD(0,05)=0,1151 for poplars; 0,0115 for willows

NRA (µmol NO2 g-1fw h-1)

Chlorophyll fluorescence Fv/Fm

Clone

Treatment

0% 5% 25% 50% 75% 100%

EA8 0,724abc 0,700abcd 0,647bcdef 0,707abcde 0,712abcde 0,733abcd

NM3 0,744abc 0,715abcde 0,731abcde 0,731abcde 0,697abcdef 0,724abcd

PD2 0,625def 0,607ef 0,669abcdef 0,654abcdef 0,375g 0,756ab

SA/I/1 0,721abcd 0,750ab 0,750ab 0,756ab 0,725abcd 0,694abcdef

SA/H/1 0,755ab 0,762a 0,729abcd 0,745abc 0,684abcdef 0,639cdef

SA/K/1 0,744abc 0,715abcde 0,672abcdef 0,627def 0.625def 0,588f

LSD(0,05)=0,0921

Microorganisms abundanceoil-oxydizing bacteria

0.00E+002.00E+064.00E+066.00E+068.00E+061.00E+071.20E+071.40E+07

0% 5% 25% 50% 75% 100%tretman

broj

nost

EA8 NM3 PD2 SA/I/1 SA/H/1 SA/K/1 kontrola

Organotrophic microorganisms

0.00E+00

2.00E+06

4.00E+06

6.00E+06

8.00E+06

1.00E+07

0% 5% 25% 50% 75% 100%

tretman

broj

nost

Facultative organotrophic microorganisms

0.00E+00

2.00E+06

4.00E+06

6.00E+06

8.00E+06

1.00E+07

1.20E+07

0% 5% 25% 50% 75% 100%tretman

broj

nost

Enzymatic activity

0

2000000

4000000

6000000

8000000

10000000

12000000

14000000

EA

8N

M3

PD

2S

A/I/

1S

A/H

/1S

A/K

/1 ØE

A8

NM

3P

D2

SA

/I/1

SA

/H/1

SA

/K/1 Ø

EA

8N

M3

PD

2S

A/I/

1S

A/H

/1S

A/K

/1 ØE

A8

NM

3P

D2

SA

/I/1

SA

/H/1

SA

/K/1 Ø

EA

8N

M3

PD

2S

A/I/

1S

A/H

/1S

A/K

/1 ØE

A8

NM

3P

D2

SA

/I/1

SA

/H/1

SA

/K/1 Ø

CFU/

cm-3

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

3500

4000

4500

PAI m

ol p

Np/s

/dm

-3

abundancePAI

0% 5% 25% 50% 75% 100%

Conclusions - AnswersOil affected biomass production of P&WEnzymatic activity in plants and chlorophyll fluorescence measurement showed relative stability in unfavorable growing conditions.Growth results showed differentiation between P&W, although trends were in toxicity effect were similarResults showed possibility for plants to grow on such soilsP & W increased abundance of microorganisms, especially oil-oxydizingmicrobes

Thank You for Attention!!!