CPA CONFERENCE 24-25 August 2017

Presentation by Gad Koito

Adventist Health Department

PNGUM

Non Communicable Diseases (Lifestyle Diseases)

The way people choose to live determines the way people die!

3 John 2

•Beloved I wish above all things that thou mayest prosper and be in health, even as thy soul

prospereth

HEALTH IS A COMPLETE STATE OF MENTAL, PHYSICAL AND SOCIAL

WELL BEING AND NOT MERELY THE ABSENCE OF DISEASES -(WHO)

“And Jesus

increased in wisdom

and stature and in

favour with God and

man

Luke 2: 52

• Wisdom - Mental • Stature – physical • Favour with God – Spiritual • Favour with man – Social

Christ Lived a life of Shalom – Health or wholeness of life.

Shalom

“Thou shalt love the Lord thy God with all your heart (Spiritual) and with all thy soul (Physical) and with all thy mind” (Mental) …..and love thy neighbor (Social) as thy self”.

Mathew 22:37 - 39

Shalom = Wholeness of Life

Health is a relationship

• Health is the harmonious relationship between the:

1. Mental

2. Physical

3. Social

4. Spiritual

Each aspect of health depends very much on each other

MENTAL

SPIRITUAL

PHYSICAL

SOCIAL

FOUR in ONE

Diseases = Disharmony or broken relationship

Mental disease

Physical disease

Social disease

Spiritual disease

Diabetes

Cardiovascular disease

Stroke

Chronic lung disease

Others

Cancer

Hypertension

International Diabetes Federation (IDF)

LIFESTYLE or NON COMMUNICABLE DISEASES

LIFESTYLE DISEASES

•NCDs account for 35 million deaths every year

•80 % of these deaths occurring in developing countries

•Threatening to overwhelm healthcare systems worldwide.

International Diabetes Federation (IDF) 2013

NCD Statistics

Comments:

• The frightening truth is that Non communicable diseases account for more than 75% of the disease burden in the Pacific today. We are already ahead of the rest of the world”.

(Ref: MEETING OF MINISTERS OF HEALTH FOR THE PACIFIC ISLAND COUNTRIES: Port Vila, Vanuatu 12-15 March 2007)

• Pacific Island Countries declared a “disaster region” for lifestyle disease. “We have reached crisis point” (MEETING OF LEADERS OF PACIFIC ISLAND COUNTRIES: Auckland, September 2012)

Papua New Guinea Health Profile

Papua New Guinea

Transition point

Communicable diseases Noncommunicable diseases

Double disease burden scenario but communicable diseases still a major cause of morbidity and mortality.

PNG LIFE EXPECTANCY • Life expectancy improves in Papua New Guinea

• In 2014 the life expectancy in Papua New Guinea increased to 62.61 years.

• That year, the life expectancy for women was 64.79 years and for men 60.52 years.

• Papua New Guinea’s position worsened with respect to the 191 countries we publish said data, dropping from the 156th in 2013 to 158th in 2014.

PNG LIFE EXPECTANCY Date

Life expectancy - Women

Life expectancy - Men

Life expectancy

2014 64.79 60.52 62.61

2013 64.63 60.38 62.45

2012 64.47 60.24 62.30

2011 64.31 60.10 62.15

2010 64.14 59.95 61.99

2009 63.95 59.77 61.81

2008 63.71 59.55 61.58

2007 63.44 59.29 61.31

2006 63.12 58.98 61.00

2005 62.76 58.63 60.64

2004 62.39 58.25 60.27

2003 62.01 57.85 59.88

2002 61.65 57.46 59.50

2001 61.31 57.07 59.14

2000 61.01 56.69 58.80

Papua New Guinea - Life expectancy at birth

Four major risk factors of lifestyle diseases (WHO)

Alcohol

Tobacco

Physical inactivity

Unhealthy diets

International Diabetes Federation (IDF)

Is your body younger than you are?

DISCOVERING THE BLUE ZONES EXPERIENCE The world’s longest-lived people, some well into their hundreds

Dan Buettner

76 year old Tonino Tola

He never stops walking, chopping, trimming, roping, repairing, living. Keeping active and sharing the work and worries of daily life with a spouse-may be a key factor in the lifestyle of Sardinians who enjoy living a long time.

Blue Zone - Sardinia

85 year old Giuseppe Cugusi

Blue Zone - Sardinia

A little work wont kill you. By keeping active men like Giuseppe at 85 is still raising Pigs – one handed! “I’ve been walking and working all my life, even when I don’t feel great,” He says “If I stay home all day then I get sick”.

BLUE ZONE - Sardinia

103 Year old Giovanni Sannai

103 year old Giovanni Sannai who has been active all his life regularly dines with his very extended family. Old people who live near loved ones tend to live longer. “No body knows why people like me live so long and neither do I”

89 year old Kame Ogido

BLUE ZONE - OKINAWA

Squatting effortlessly on a slippery embankment 89 year old Kame Ogido inspects a pinch of seaweed, part of a low calorie Plant based diet that may help give Okinawans an average life expectancy of 82 years, among the longest in the world.

Blue Zone - Okinawa

Yasu Itoman – 100 years old

When not watching sumo wrestling on TV, Yasu Itoman 100, gets her own exercise Growing onions, tomatoes, carrots and Other herbs and vegetables in her garden. They give her natural antioxidant that may help prevent cancer.

BLUE ZONE - Okinawa

In his garden, Seiryu Toguchi, 104 savors a few moments of sun – a source of vitamin D, which can help prevent osteoporosis. Why the red gloves? They’re easy to find.

Seiryu Toguchi, 104 years old

102 Year old Kamada Nakazato

BLUE ZONE - Okinawa

The circle remains unbroken for 102 year old Kamada Nakazato, whose family and friends join her for a cup of tea several times a week. Studies suggest that seniors who stay social are less prone to heart disease and Depression.

BLUE ZONE - Okinawa

Fumiyasu’s daily exercise routine includes standing on his head and training for the annual decathlon His favourite events: High jump, and pole vault.

87 year old Fumiyasu Yamakawa

100 year old Marge Jetton

BLUE ZONE – LOMA LINDA

When she turned 100, Marge Jetton Renewed her driver’s licence for another 5 years. But what truly keeps her going she says is her Christian faith. She and other Seventh day Adventists, who avoid junk food and caffeine, tend to live 5 to 10 years longer than the average Californian. “We need someone to guide us in this life and we need great hope, she says. God is a good friend to have.

100 year old Frank Shearer

BLUE ZONE – LOMA LINDA

When frank Shearer first put on water skis in 1939, they were wooden planks with rubber straps screwed on top. Now he is 100 years old far better equipped. And still kicking up spray near his home in Washington State. “I like the outdoors and the exercise”, he says. And with water skiing there’s always an extra little Charge.

112 Years old, Lydia Newton

(1893 to 2005)

BLUE ZONE – Loma Linda

Lydia Newton prefers beans, cheese, bread, and a slice of birth day cake. Newton, 112, ranks among the world’s top 20 oldest people. “My favourite part of the day is when I take a nap”

BLUE ZONES Comparisons

Blue Zones Lessons • Be active and stay active every day • Cut calories or sugar • Avoid smoking/alcohol • Eat in moderation • Eat mostly plant foods • Ease up/Rest • Have faith/Faith community • Honour and respect Family • Sense of Belonging • Find Purpose and direction in your life

AVOID Processed Meats …

Coned Beef Sausage

AVOID Processed Meat

• Heterocyclic aromatic amines (HAA)

• Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs)

Are powerful cancer causing chemicals (carcinogens)

Fat from lamb flaps

AVOID TOO MUCH SUGAR

EAT MORE Phytochemicals

Antioxidants

5

6

7

8

9

5th 4th 3rd 2nd 1st

Women probability of dying, mid-life, ages 35-69

n=350,000

Intake by Quintiles

Journal of Health Education 28(5):298-307

High intake Low intake

Fruits and Vegetables and Mortality

Those eating the most fruits and vegetables had a 38% lower risk of dying of any cause.

EXERCISE

JUST AS IMPORTANT

AS A GOOD DIET

Physical Inactivity and Risk of Death

JAMA 298:2507-16

Compared to inactive persons, those getting regular physical activity cut their risk of death from any cause by 50-73%.

Fitness levels

determined from treadmill testing

n=2,603 men & women, 12 years study

Fitness Quintiles Low Fit High fit

Just find ways to be more active, the benefits include:

Benefits

More Benefits

World Cancer Research Fund

Established in the early 1980’s, a global charity, dedicated to the prevention of cancer worldwide

Their latest report, released late 2007 shows strong scientific evidence that cancer can be prevented in many cases

WCRF Recommendations

1. No Smoking 2. No safe level of alcohol (No alcohol) 3. No drugs 4. Eat more plant based diet 5. Including fruits and vegetables 6. Be physically Active 7. Limit consumption or red meat - Avoid processed meat 8. Be lean as possible

2010

A good steward is one who lives and abide by (health) principles and not by his or her senses. In other words health principles guide the use of his or her senses

•This means that the choices one makes is based on the health principles, hence he or she is healthy by choice and not by chance

Health Principles are God’s Principles

•Because God change not, His principles including health principles do not change. If we want to see change in our lives we need to choose to change by abiding to these (health) principles in order to achieve good health

Romans 12:1 • I

I Beseech you therefore brethren by the mercies of God that you present your body a living sacrifice, holy , acceptable and pleasing unto God which is your reasonable service

Romans 12: 2

•And be not conformed to this world, but be ye transformed by the renewing of your mind, that ye may prove what is that good, and acceptable, and perfect, will of God

We have a great Responsibility to take care of our body • Whatever ye eat or drink

or whatever ye do, do it all to the glory of God, 1 Cor. 10: 31, because our body is the temple of God,1 Cor. 3:16

The work of preserving health is the work of both God and human.

• Ex. 15: 26 ….If thou will hearken to the voice of the Lord God and wilt do that which is right in his sight….give ear to His commandment ….I will put none of these diseases which I have brought upon the Egyptians: ..I am the Lord that healeth thee

LIFESTYLE DISEASES

What choices or decisions do

you make each day, are they

healthy choices/decisions?

Choice?

Choice?

Decision?

Thousands of people place themselves in an

unpredictable situation regarding their health. They

wait until their health snaps then frantically grasp

onto the latest health fad.

Broken health is not as easily replaced.

Health is not a matter of chance, it is a matter of

choice of obedience to nature’s laws.

Good health is

priceless-that it is a

blessing never fully

appreciated until

lost!

•IT IS HEALTHY TO GROW & DEVELOP WITHOUT

DISEASES

HEALTH IS NOT EVERYTHING BUT WITHOUT HEALTH

EVERYTHING IS NOTHING

Cost of Health?

• Good Health is cheaper

• Bad Health is expensive

HEALTH IS WEALTH

3 John 2

•Beloved I wish above all things that thou mayest prosper and be in good health, even as thy soul

prospereth

HEALTHY BY CHOICE NOT BY CAHNCE