conventional ram bop training

®

18-3/4” 15,000 psi18-3/4” 15,000 psiConventional RamConventional RamBlowout PreventerBlowout Preventer

2

Blowout Preventer (BOP)Blowout Preventer (BOP)

The equipment (or valve) installed at the wellhead to contain wellbore pressure either in the annular space between the casing and the tubulars or in an open hole during drilling, completion, testing,or workover operations.

Ram Blowout PreventerRam Blowout Preventer

A valve that uses metal blocks with integral elastomer seals to seal off pressure on a wellbore with or without tubulars in the bore.

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18-3/4 - 15,000 Ram BOP18-3/4 - 15,000 Ram BOP Field replaceable seal seat for long service life and easy field repair

Multiple position locking (MPL) automatically locks rams in a seal-off position

BOP can be equippedwith blind shear,variable, pipe or casingrams for ultimate wellcontrol flexibility

Cylinder liners field replaceable

Hinged bonnets for ease of ram access

Fluid hinges removable for rapid simple seal replacement

One piece piston rod for strength and durability

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18-3/4 15,000 Ram BOP18-3/4 15,000 Ram BOP Bonnet bolts sized and arranged for reliable bonnet

seal operation and proper bonnet stress distribution

Side outlets

Availablepressureenergized bonnetseal conversion

Stainless steel linedring grooves forcorrosion resistance

Piston seals pressure energizedlip seal for reliable seal operation

5

OperationOperationHydraulic CircuitHydraulic Circuit

Application of hydraulic pressure to the operating cylinders pushes the pistons inward or outward to close or open the rams

The multiple position lock is an automaticlock, locking the rams in place after theyare closed hydraulically

Operating chambers are ratedfor 3000 psi continuousoperation and have beentested to 4500 psi

Hydraulic closing pressuresfrom 100 psi to 300 psi indicate satisfactory operation

6

Hydraulic pressure applied to closing port initiates fluid flow in drilled passages in the BOP body

Fluid flows from the body through the fluid hinge to the bonnet hinge

Fluid then flows from the bonnet hinge through a drilled passage in the bonnet and exits between the cylinder and cylinder liner

OperationOperationHydraulic Circuit Hydraulic Circuit (continued)(continued)

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Fluid then acts on the backside of the rams closing them

Fluid from the opening sides is pushedout the porting in the bonnet

Fluid flows through a drilledpassage in bonnet and intothe bonnet hinge

Fluid then passes throughthe seal sub in the fluidhinge, through the drilled passage in the preventer body and out through the opening chamber port

OperationOperationHydraulic Circuit Hydraulic Circuit (continued)(continued)

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Multiple Position Lock (MPL)Multiple Position Lock (MPL)

Opening and closing controlled byuni-directional clutch mechanism,lock (overhauling) nut andlock (overhauling) screw

The clutch mechanismmaintains nut and ram inlocked position

The clutch is disengagedby hydraulic pressureto open the ram

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How the MPL Works

Tail rod contains two types of threads

One end - standard LH Acme thread

Other end - fast lead 6-path helical thread

Mating nut fitted to the tail rod

Nut contained by two thrust bearingspermitting rotation but preventing linear travel

Linear motion of the tail rod during closingor opening causes nut to rotate

Fast lead, 6-path helical thread rotates thenut three turns per foot of travel

Multiple Position Lock (MPL)Multiple Position Lock (MPL)(continued)(continued)

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How the MPL Works

Rear clutch plate and front clutch

Contact of rear clutch plate to front clutch platemaintained by spring force

Rotation in the opening direction prevented byinterlocking teeth

Sloped angle of teeth permits rotation in closing direction

Hydraulic opening pressure acts on the cylinderliner to release locking mechanism

Cylinder liner moves back against transfer ring

Transfer ring bears on the rear clutch platedisengaging it from the front clutch plate

Opening pressure on the piston moves the ramto the open position as the lock nut and front clutch plate rotate freely


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How the MPL Works The front clutch plate is bolted to the lock

(overhauling) nut.

Four rectangular keys in the rear clutch plateengage slots in the retainer plate

Allows linear motion and prevents rotational motionof the rear clutch plate

Springs are captured between rear clutch plate and retainer plate

Opening forces on the piston rod held in check by thelock nut

Opening force creates torque in the lock nut

Torque is transmitted through the engaged teeth of front and rear clutch plates

The rear clutch plate is keyed to the retainer plate

The retainer plate is pinned to the cylinder head thus preventing rotation and locking the assembly


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How the MPL Works

Application of hydraulicopening pressure permitsrams to open

Hydraulic pressure acting onthe cylinder liner moves it backto disengage the clutch

Continued application ofopening pressure maintainsthe clutch unlocked and opensthe rams


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How the MPL Works Provision for testing MPL

Two lockout devices

Prevent cylinder liner from disengaging clutch

Opening pressure simulates opening forces applied to the ram

Visual indication of position of lockouts provided


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Engineering DataEngineering Data

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Engineering Data Engineering Data (continued)(continued)

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+ Using Hydril BOP Thread Lubricant* using light machine oil

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18-3/4 - 15,000 Hydril ClampPressure-Tension-Bending Capability

Hydril clamp designed in accordance with procedures described in “Summary of Design Equations for Clamp Type Connectors” (1978 Rev.)


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18-3/4 - 15,000 PSI API FlangePressure-Tension-Bending

API flange capability calculated by a modified formula given in Appendix H of API Spec. for Wellhead Equipment 6A, Mar. 1983.


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Packers and SealsPackers and SealsFixed Bore Pipe RamsFixed Bore Pipe Rams

Separate front packer and top seal

Top seal feedable rubber energized duringfinal seal off portion of the ram stroke

Front packer has large volume of feedable rubber bonded to heavy anti-extrusion plates for repeated closures and pressure cycles

Hy-temp front packers and top seals available

Hy-temp seals require the ram block be modified for their use

Hy-temp front packers are secured to the ram block by bolts

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Packers & Seals Packers & Seals (continued)(continued)

Ram Change Procedures1. Open (retract) the rams by applying opening pressure2. Disengage all bonnet bolts3. Manually swing both bonnets open and clear of BOP stack. Application of closing

pressure to force open bonnet will damage piston rod(If the blowout preventer is not flanged to a wellhead or test stump, unbolt and open only one bonnet at a time to prevent blowout preventer from tipping over.)

4. Extend the rams by applying closing pressure5. Remove the ram assembly by attaching an eyebolt in the hole provided and lift straight up6. Replace with new rams and remove lifting eye7. Retract ram back into bonnet compartment by applying opening pressure8. Inspect bonnet seal and seal area, lube with a light weight oil9. Clean and lubricate bonnet bolts with Hydril BOP thread lubricant10. Manually swing bonnets closed and insert bolts11. Hand tighten bolts starting with number one bolt, snugging bonnet to body. Then torque

all bolts to 8500 ft-lbs*.Torque bolts beginning with the middle bolt on the off-hinge side, then the middle bolt on the hinge side. All other bolts may be torqued in any sequence.

* Other lubricants require different torque values.

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Fixed Bore Pipe RamsFront Packer & Top Seal Change-out

Standard Front Packers & Top Seals

1. Insert screwdriver between upper seal and frontpacker and pry up to remove upper seal fromits groove

2. Insert two screwdrivers, one on either side of thefront packer and work the packer out

Hy-Temp Front Packers and Top Seal

1. Remove top seal by inserting screw drive betweenupper seal and front packer

2. Remove two cotter pins from back of ram

3. Remove screws from packer

4. Remove packer


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Fixed Bore Pipe RamsFront Packer & Top Seal Change-out(continued)

Regular Packers & Top Seal

1. Insert packer into ram until seated

2. Fit top seal in groove pins down

Hy-Temp Packers & Top Seal

1. Insert packer into ram until seated

2. Bolt packer in with two bolts

3. Insert cotter pins

4. Fit top seal in its groove

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Shear Rams

Designed to shear drill pipe and seal off the wellbore

May be used as blind ramsto seal off the open hole

Shear blade design minimizesrequired shearing load

Dual V arrangementconcentrates deformingforces so drill pipe is crimpedon the shearing plane

Sharp rake angles imposeadditional tensile load to aid in pipe separation

After shearing lateral T-seal seals on the horizontal sealing surface of the lower blade carrier


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Shear Ram AssemblyLower Blade Shear Ram

1. Remove lower blade top seal

2. Remove the two lower blade cap screws and the lower blade

3. Remove the two anti-extrusion blocks

Upper Blade Shear Ram

1. Remove the two alignment pin setscrews

2. Remove the two alignment pinswith a common screw driver

3. Remove the three upper blade setscrews from the top of the block

4. Remove the four upper blade capscrews retaining the upper blade

5. Remove the upper blade

6. Remove the lateral T-Seal

7. Remove the upper blade top seal

8. Inspect all parts for wear and replace as required


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Shear Ram AssemblyLower Blade Shear Ram1. Prior to assembly, visually inspect all parts, apply a coating of non-petroleum based oil such as

castor oil to all seals and seal grooves, and lubricate all threads with Hydril thread lubricant2. Install the lower blade on the ram block with the lower

blade cap screws3. Install the two anti-extrusion blocks into the grooves

of the ram block4. Install the lower blade top seal in the upper seal

groove of the ram blockUpper Blade Shear Ram1. Prior to assembly, visually inspect all parts, apply a

coating of non-petroleum based oil such as castoroil to all seals and seal grooves, and lubricate allthreads with Hydril thread lubricant

2. Install the upper blade top seal into the upper sealgroove of the ram block

3. Install the lateral T-seal. Insure that the lower T-sectionof the seal is properly fitted within its groove

4. Install the upper blade with the four upper blade capscrews hand tight. Insure that the lateral T-seal isproperly fitted between the upper blade and the ram block. Torque the cap screws.

5. Install the three upper blade set screws into the top of the ram block. Torque the set screws6. Install the two alignment pins and hand tighten snug with a common screw driver7. Install the two alignment pin set screws and tighten snug

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Hydril Variable Rams (HVR)

Designed to seal on a range of pipediameters3-1/2” - 5-1/2”- 31168334-1/2” - 7” - 3118844

Interlocking I-beam inserts molded intothe rubber

They confine the rubber within the packerand against the pipe to preventextrusion of the sealing element

Top seal has large volume of feedablerubber for long and dependable service life

Interchangeable with fixed rams or casing rams

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Hydril Variable RamDisassembly

1. Remove top seal

2. Remove two cotter pins

3. Remove two bolts

4. Remove front packer

Assembly

1. Insert front packer

2. Screw in bolts

3. Insert cotter pins

4. Insert top seal


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Replaceable Upper Seal Seat

Replaceable Metal Seat

Provides seal surfacefor the ram top seal

Lock ring energized by16 specially coatedsocket head set screwsto retain the seat

Contains one seal and backup ring


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Bonnet Seals

Bonnet hinge seal

Bonnet sealMay be converted tolow-torque bonnetseal configuration

Piston rod mud seal

Bonnet to pistonrod seal


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Cylinder Seals Cylinder liner to bonnet seal - O-ring

Cylinder to bonnet seal O-ring

Piston seal - 3-piece bi-directional seal


Cylinder head seal

Cylinder head dirt seal

Lockout stem seal

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Hinge Pin Seals

Hinge pin seal -O-ring

Hinge pin threadseal - O-ring

Hinge pin bearing seal -O-ring


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Fluid Hinge Seals

Fluid hinge to bonnethinge seals O-ring

Fluid hinge tobody sealsO-rings

Sub to bonnet hingeseals O-rings

Sub to energizerseals O-rings

Energizer to fluidhinge seals -O-rings withbackup rings


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MaintenanceMaintenance Visually inspect the body and ring grooves Check all bolting Check ring gaskets Visually inspect

Bonnet seal areas Bonnet seal grooves Ram bores Seal seats Piston rods

Visually inspect Ram blocks Front packers Top seals Bonnet seals

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Maintenance Maintenance (continued)(continued)

Once a year inspect MPL bearings BOP seal seat to

rails (ram cavity floor) Minimum ram height Maximum ram

compartment height

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TestingTesting Hydraulically test with clear water Inspect all hydraulic connections Set appropriate size test tool in test stump Close pipe rams on appropriate size pipe. Check for

hydraulic leaks Increase wellbore pressure

to test pressure required Low pressure High pressure

Check for leaks Continue test until rams are tested Unless you intend to ruin your test

mandrel, DO NOT test shear ramswith pipe in the hole

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Testing Testing (continued)(continued)

Lockout devices are manually operated and require either a 3/8” square drive or a 5/16” 12-point socket wrench

Close rams, visually check for leaks and reduce closing pressure to 100 psi

Check freedom of movement of lockout devices by alternately turning them clockwise then counter-clockwise about seven turns

Engage lockout devices. Rotate stem seven turns clockwise until snug

Bleed closing pressure to 0 psi

Apply opening pressure to 1500 psi in 500 psi increments, hold for three minutes. Check for leaks Visually observe rams for movement.

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MPL Lockout Test

Reduce opening pressure to 0 psi

Apply 100 psi closing pressure

Disengage lockout devices by rotating stems counter clockwise about seven turns until snug

Gradually increase opening pressure from 0 until rams open

Testing Testing (continued)(continued)

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DisassemblyDisassemblyMPL Cylinder Disassembly

Standard mechanics toolsrequired

Remove rams

Close bonnets and snugup to the two center bolts

Apply opening pressure

Install 1” lifting eye incylinder head (154) andsupport with a hoist

Remove ten cylinderhead cap screws (156)and remove cylinder head

The cylinder head seal (155), dirt seal (152), and rear lock nut bearing are now accessible

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MPL Cylinder Disassembly (continued) Remove lock nut clutch

assembly by rotating thelocating pin (158)counterclockwise.Identify it with itsrespective lockscrew (144)

Place clutch assemblyon a work bench

Remove eight screws(147) holding the frontclutch plate (146) to lock nut (143). As the screws are removed, the rear clutch plate (148) will be pushed toward the front clutch plate (146) by the springs (150).

Disassembly Disassembly (continued)(continued)

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MPL Cylinder Disassembly (continued)

Remove the frontclutch plate (146), therear clutch plate (148),its keys (151) and keykeeper (167) from locknut (143)

Remove the retainerplate (145) from thelock nut (143)

The front lock nutbearing (149) may beremoved from thelock nut


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MPL Cylinder Disassembly (continued)

Support the cylinder (137) using a choker sling between the flange and the MPL lockout devices. Remove the twelve cylinder nuts (142) and slide the cylinder back over the piston and cylinder liner

The cylinder seal (133) andbackup ring (166) are now exposed

The transfer ring (164) shouldbe removed from inside the cylinder

Remove both lockout glands(160) from the cylinder byrotating counterclockwise

Separate the lockout segments(161) from the lockout stems (159)by rotating the stems clockwise (left handed threads) with the MPLlockout wrench (3/8” square drive)

The lockout stem seals (162) and backup rings (163) are now exposed


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Fluid Hinge Disassembly

The fluid hinge and bonnet hingescontain all of the seals concernedwith the transfer of hydraulic fluidfrom the body to the bonnet andthe bonnet to the body

Reduce all operating pressuresto zero

Remove the two hex head capscrews (36) by counterclockwiserotation

Slip the fluid hinge (24) assemblyfrom between the bonnet hinges.As the fluid hinge assemblycomes away from the body watchfor the two fluid hinge to bodyO-rings (35)to preventlosing them

The seal sub assemblies contained in the fluid hinge are spring loaded.

Separate the seal sub (25) and seal sub energizer (27) by pulling them apart

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29

28

31

30

40

39

36

27

32

24

35

11

2321

38

3722

1210

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Bonnet Removal

Insert two eyebolts in the toptwo holes of the bonnetNOTE: These holes are forlifting the bonnet assemblyonly and not the entire BOP.

Attach a chain sling tosupport the bonnet weight,disengage all bonnet bolts,and remove the two hingepins (61) by rotating fromthe load hinges. The hingepin thread and bearingseals (62 and 63) are nowexposed.

Remove the four bonnet hinge cap screws (73) from each bonnet hinge. Slide the bonnet out off the location pins (75). The bonnet hinge O-ring (74) is now exposed.


5655595857

5452

53

60 141

61

74

75

63

62

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Bonnet Disassembly

The load hinge thrust (38) andradial (37) bearings are removed byunscrewing the four load hingecap screws.

The hydraulic connections (10) areremoved by unscrewing the fourcap screws (12). The hydraulicconnection O-ring is now exposed.


25

29

28

31

30

40

39

36

27

32

24

35

11

2321

38

3722

1210

45

Upper Seal Seat Removal

Open both bonnets

Remove sixteen socket head set screws(5/16” hex key)

Seat should be free to be lowered fromits pocket

Caution! Have the seat blocked from belowto prevent injury should the seat drop


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Load Hinge Installation

The upper load hinge (21) is installedwith the hinge pin bearing seat up.It is fitted over the two locatingpins (22) pressed in the body.

The lower load hinge (2) is installedover two locater pins (22) with thehinge pin bearing seat down.

Install the four load hinge capscrews (23) on each hinge andtighten by clockwise rotation

Install the hinge pin thrustbearing (38)

Install the hinge pin radialbearing (37)

Assembly Assembly (continued)(continued)

25

29

28

31

30

40

39

36

27

32

24

35

11

2321

38

3722

1210

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Upper Seal Seat Installation

Fit the lower seat to body O-ring (6) andbackup ring (7) to the seal seat (4)

Fit the lock ring (5) over the barrel of the sealseat (4) and seat it in its groove

Screw in sixteen set screws (9) until they just touch the lock ring (5)

Fit the seat into the body, blocking it up inplace

Engage the sixteen set screws (9) startingwith one adjacent to the split in the lock (5),then work around the seat (4) expandingthe lock ring into its groove in the body


Lock Ring 5

67

Seal Seat 4

9

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Check machine finishes on bonnet (52) and bonnet hinge (71) or 72) for smooth surfaces

Install O-ring (74) to finish machine side of bonnet hinge (71 or 72) (Lubricate O-ring)

Attach bonnet hinge (71 or 72) to end of bonnet (52) with four bonnet hinge cap screws (73)


52

74

73

7271

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Bonnet Assembly Installation

Install two lift eyes in bonnet

Install lift sling

Install bonnet onto BOP aligning thebonnet hinge with the load hinges

Install the upper and lower hinge pins

Position the bonnet vertically by hingepin adjustment

Raise by loosening the lower hinge pinand tightening the upper hinge pin

Lower by loosening the upper hinge pinand tightening the lower hinge pin

Over-tightening may bind thrust washers

Bonnet position is correct when the guide pin on the bonnet enters the hole in the body smoothly

Install bonnet bolts and seals


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Fluid Hinge Installation

Insert the seal sub into thesub-energizer

Insert springs into fluid hinge

Insert Seal sub/subenergizersinto fluid hinge

Install fluid hinge to bodyO-rings

Fit fluid hinge between bonnethinges

Fit washers over hex head cap screws and insert cap screws into fluid hinge

Torque cap screws to 250 ft-lbs

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MPL Cylinder Assembly

Inspect all machine surfaces to ensure all parts are clean and free from burrs

Install the piston seal (136) and piston wear rings (165) on the piston (135) as shown. The piston seal is composed of three separate parts. They may be immersed in hot water to increase their flexibility. The wear rings are split for ease of assembly and should be installed after the piston seal is in place.

Piston Seal 136

Piston Wear Ring165

Piston Wear Ring

Piston 135

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MPL Cylinder Assembly (continued)

Place cylinder liner O-ring(140) and two backup rings(153) on the cylinder liner (139)

Install cylinder liner (139) overpiston (135) with the pistonstanding vertically on theT-slot end. Slide the cylinderliner partway onto the pistonsuch that the piston isapproximately 3” from therear end of the cylinder liner.

Install piston and cylinder liner assembly into bonnet


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Install O-rings (162) and back-up rings (163) on lockout stems (159)

Install lockout segments (161), stems (159) and gland nuts (160) into cylinder (137). Retract segments fully by turning lockout stems approximately 7 turns counter-clockwise

Place cylinder to bonnet O-ring (138) and backup ring (166) on cylinder

Install cylinder into recess of bonnet. Install nuts (142) and torque to specification 1280 ft-lbs


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MPL Assembly (continued)

Place the rear clutch plate (148) on a piece of cardboard or wood on a smooth table, clutch teeth down.

Slip the key retainer (167) through the hole in each of the four clutch keys (151)

Gently expand the key retainer andslip over the rear clutch plateoutside diameter. Position eachkey in its recess on the clutch plateand allow the key retainer to contract into its groove on the outsidediameter of the rear clutch plate

Insert the clutch springs (150) inthe rear clutch plate

Position the retainer plate (145),locating pin (158) upward, over theclutch plate/springs/clutch keys/key retainer sub-assembly. Lower the retainer plate onto the sub-assembly insuring that each of the clutch keys engage their respective slots in the retainer plate

Place the lock nut (143), large outside diameter end down, on a piece of card board or wood on a smooth table


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Place one lock nut bearing (149) on the lock nut

Hold together the retainer plate, and rear clutch plate sub-assembly and turn them over as a unit such that the rear clutch plate’s teeth face upward. Slide this assembly onto the lock nut and bearing. Position the assembly such that the locatingpin on the retainer plate is over theedge of the table. This will allowthe retainer plate to rest squarelyon the lock nut bearing.

Place the front clutch plate (146),teeth downward, on the lock nutassembly

Thread two of the cap screws (147),180° apart, through the front clutchplate and into the lock nut

Alternate turning the two cap screwsuntil the front clutch plate is snug against the lock nut.

Install the remaining cap screws (147) and tighten to full torque value. The assembly will have to be held with a strap wrench to do this.


56


Install lock nut/clutch assembly onto lock screw such that timing marks match. Timing mark isindicated by a “T” stamped on the end of the lockscrew and on the end of the lock nut

Rotate the lock nut/clutch assembly clockwise until itshoulders in the cylinder. Mark the top (12 o-clockposition). Rotate the lock nut/clutch assemblycounterclockwise until it is located on the end of thelock screw. Disengage the clutch mechanism bydepressing the rear clutch plate with two “C” clampsplaced at points shown by the arrows. Align themarks on the lock nut and the locating pin onthe retainer plate by rotating the retainer plate/rearclutch plate sub-assembly. Release the “C” clampsand rotate the lock nut/clutch assembly clockwiseuntil it shoulders in the cylinder. The locating pinhole in cylinder head will now align with the locating pin in the retainer plate


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Place the cylinder head O-ring (155) and the dirt seal (152) on the cylinder head (154)

Install rear lock nut bearing (149) into the cylinder head

Install cylinder head. Install cylinder head cap screws (156) and torque to specifications

Apply closing hydraulic pressure to extend piston rods


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Assembly (continued)Assembly (continued)

Extend the rams by applying closing pressure

Remove the ram assembly by attaching an eyebolt in the hole provided and lift straight up

Replace with new rams and remove lifting eye

Retract ram back in to bonnet compartment by applying opening pressure

Inspect bonnet seal and seal area, lube with a light weight oil

Clean and lubricate bonnet bolts with Hydril BOP thread lubricant

Manually swing bonnets closed and insert bolts

Hand tighten bolts starting with number one bolt, snugging bonnet to body. Then torque all bolts to 8500 ft-lbs.* Bolts denoted “N” may be torqued in any sequence

*Other lubricants require different torque values

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PartsParts

conventional ram bop training

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