contradictory renderings193.25.34.143/.../0606_1100_klauser_contradictory_renderings.pdf ·...

CONTRADICTORY RENDERINGSAN EXPERIMENTAL ORIENTED STUDY OF PERCEPTION OF CONTENTUAL

DEVIATION OF PHOTOREALISTIC VISUALISATIONS

MATTHIAS KLAUSER | DIRK STENDEL | HFWU NÜRTINGEN – GEISLINGEN | DLA CONVERENCE | 04. - 06.06.2015

CONTRADICTORY RENDERINGS | MATTHIAS KLAUSER | DIRK STENDEL | DLA CONFERENCE | 04. - 06.06.2015 2

INTRODUCTION

Referendum about the realisation of constuction project Claraturm in Basel (CH) in 2013.

CLARATURM IN BASEL (CH)

Claraturm visualisation by architects Morger & Dettli

Manipulated Claraturm visualisation. UBS Media Relations Schweiz

Pro: Additional living space in the city. | Contra: Shade, negative visual impact on the city.

CONTRADICTORY RENDERINGS | MATTHIAS KLAUSER | DIRK STENDEL | DLA CONFERENCE | 04. - 06.06.2015

Do viewers recognise deviations in photorealistic visualisations?

3

INTRODUCTION

STATE OF RESEARCH

Decoupling of design and depiction.Lordick, D. (2012)

Validity, reliability and ethics visualization.Sheppard, S. (2005)

Dirty ImageryRekittke J.; Paar P. (2010)

What you see is not always what you get. Downes, M.; Lange E. (2014)

Enlightenment Approaches for Digital Absolutism.Paar, P.; Rekittke J. (2006)

CLOG: Rendering. May, K.; Hout, J. van den (2012)

More responsibility with photorealistic visualisations.Stendel, D. (2012)

Urban design competiton „Residential quarter at Egginger Weg“. City of Ulm (2012)


EMPERICAL EXPERIMENT

TYPICAL PHOTOREALISTIC VISUALISATIONS

Redevelopment Hahnplatz Prüm. Planorama Landschaftsarchitektur Frontop. Changzhou Wanda Plaza, CCI Architecture Design & Consultng Co.

Accuracy and expressivenessDetailsMaterialsPlants

Atmosphere and ambiencePeople, animals and plantsTime of day and yearLight-, color- and weather-effects

Depth perceptionShadowsShortening of lines and formsSize of elementsOverlapping„Color and Air-Perspecitve“


VISUALISATIONS IN LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTURE

VISUALISATIONS IN DESIGN PROCESS / COMPETITONS RECOGNITION OF CONTENTUAL

DEVIATIONS

EMPIRICAL RESEARCH

EXPERIMENT

PHOTOREALISTIC VISUALISATIONS FOCUS OF ATTENTION

INTENSITY OF DEVIATION

ATMOSPHERICAL EFFECT

PROF. EXPERIENCE OF VIEWER

LIMITATION OF RESEARCH



DEFINITION AND OPERATIONALSATION OF VARIABLES

Contentual deviation (CDe)

Difference of an attribute towards its requrement. The substance of the visualisation differs from other parts of the plan in the meaning of different perspecitve proportion or changed design specification.

Level of deviation Gradual difference of CDes.

Atmospheric effect Features of visualisations like colour and light efffects, relatable objects (people) and human activities These effects primarily evke an emotional reaction of the viewer.

Experience The viewer‘s total experience (time and intensity) with profesional visualisations.

Focus of attention The viewer‘s directed assimilation of information.

Work-hypothesis 1 CDes are not recognised no matter if the focus of attention is on the design or the visual representativeness.

Sub-hypothesis 1.1 CDes are not recognised no matter the level of deviation.

Sub-hypothesis 1.2 CDes are not recognised no matter the level of atmospheric effect.

Sub-hypothesis 1.3 CDes are not recognised no matter the professional experience of the viewer.

FORMATION OF HYPOTHESES



3. BRIEFING AND DIVISION IN EXP. GROUPS

2. SELECTION OF PROBANDS

4. TOUR AND DATA COLLECTION 5. EVALUATION AND

CONCLUSION

EXPERIMENTAL SETUP

1. PREPARATION AND MANIPULATION


COMPETITIONTOUR



1

2

3

4

5

NO DEVIATION

BARELY

AVERAGE

QUITE

VERYMUCH

LEVELS OF CONTENTUAL DEVIATIONS

Correct contentual transmission

Slight change of objects, perspective etc

Moderate deviation and change of relevant information

Strong deviation and change of relevant information.

Barely any consistency between visualisation and design



B

A

C

Looks neutral and sober. Evokes little interest and other emotions

LEVELS OF ATMOSPHERIC EFFECTS

WEAKEFFECT

MEDIUMEFFECT

STRONGEFFECT

Visualisation with medium atmospheric effect

Exeptionally dramatic and aesthetic depiction



SCHINKEL-COMPETITION 2014 – SPANDAU IN BERLIN

AUTHORITY Architekten- und Ingenieur-Verein zu Berlin

PROFESSIONS Urban Planning | Landscape Architecture |Architecture | Constructive Engineering |Traffic Planning - Streets| Traffic Planning -Rails | Free Arts

DESIGNS FOREXPERIMENT

Getaped – Urban Planning Spandau Sequenzen – Landscape

ArchitecturePromenadenring – Landscape ArchitectureHavelsprung – Landscape Architecture

URBAN PLANNING AND LANDSCAPEARCHITECTURE

Urban connections of the old town to bordering city quarterss and tot the river landscape.

Carve out and accentuate qualities of open spaces.

Consistent, perceptible and barrier free open space sequence along the river bank with connection towards Havel/Spree.

Completion and development of recreational and cultural offerings.

Planning area Schinkel-Competition 2014. Architekten- und Ingenieur-Verein zu Berlin e.V.



DESIGN 1: GETAPED

DESIGN 2:SPANDAU SEQUENZEN

DESIGN 3:PROMENADENRING SP.

DESIGN 4:HAVELSPRUNG

I II III

I II III

V

IV

V

IV

VI VII

VI VII

IX

VIII

IX

VIII

OR

IGIN

AL

PR

OC

ESSE

D

PREPARATION OF POSTERS

Design selection criteriaLandscape architecture | Urban planningPhotorealistic visualisationsAward-winning

Manipulation methodManipulate to change CDe and atmospheric effectEven destribution of categoriesAdjust to match the individual visual style

CDe Lv. 1 CDe Lv. 2 CDe Lv. 3 CDe Lv. 4 CDe Lv. 5Atm. Eff.Lv. A

Atm. Eff.Lv. B

Atm. Eff. Lv. C



SPANDAU SEQUENZEN

3C 4C

2B 5C

V: Pocketpark with view on the Townhall Square

IV: View from Lindenpromenade to the mouth of the river Spree

Spandau Sequenzen. Hamacher, F.


EMPIRICAL EXPERIMENT

PROMENADENRING SPANDAU

1B 1B

4B1B

VII: View on old-town-Terraces

VI: View from harbour towards the mouth of the river Spree

Promenadenring Spandau. Thieme, J. Müller, J.; Holk, H.; Rösner, P.


DATA COLLECTION

SYSTEMATIC OBSERVATION

1. The urban connection between the river landscape and the surrounding quarters is adequate.

2. The sequence along the riverbank is consistent and can be experienced and the water is accessible.

3. Use and cultue offerings are extended and supplemented in a reasonable way.

4. Qualities of relevant open spaces are emphasized convincingly and are worked out in high detail.

5.a The concept is conclusive and creates an indipendant identity.

5.b The visualisations are representative for the design.

Recognition of CDes

Specific design and visualisation

Time

Specific question of the survey

Statement of probands

Not at all Barely Average Very muchQuite

SURVEYS


EVALUATION AND CONCLUSION

PREPA-RATION, SELECTION AND BRIEFING

TOUR AND DATA COLLECTION


PERFORMANCE OF THE EXPERIMENT

EG 1Conclusiveness of concept

EG 2Representative-ness of visuals

SYSTEMATIC OBSERVATION

SURVEYS

DIVISION IN GROUPS

H1Focus of attention

SH1.1Level of CDeSH 1.2Atmospheric effectSH 1.3Prof. experience

CONTRADICTORY RENDERINGS | MATTHIAS KLAUSER | DIRK STENDEL | DLA CONFERENCE | 04. - 06.06.2015

4. Rank

RATING OF THE GROUPS

16

3. EVALUATION AND CONCLUSION

PROBANDS 57 probands | 15 groups

SUB GROUPSEG 1EG 2

26 probands | 7 groups31 probands | 8 groups

SEMESTERB-LA 2B-LA 4B-LA 6M-LA 4

20 probands | 4 groups10 probands | 3 groups24 probands | 7 groups3 probands | 1 group

AVERAGE TIMEPER TOUR

19 minutes

DATES OFEXECUTION

02. - 05.06.2014

1. GETAPED

3. PROMENADEN-RING

4. HAVELSPRUNG

2. SPANDAUSEQUENZEN

GENERAL RESULTS

1. Rank 2. Rank 3. Rank



WORK-HYPOTHESIS H1CDes and Focus of attention

SUB-HYPOTHESIS H1.1CDes and Level of deviation

DISCUSSION



SUB-HYPOTHESIS H1.2CDes and level of atmospheric effect

SUB-HYPOTHESIS H1.3CDes and professional experience



STATISTICAL TEST OF THE HYPOTHESIS

H 1Focus of attention

Des

ign

|V

isu

alis

atio

n

2 |

5

2 |

4

2 |

3

4 |

5

3 |

4

3 |

5

A |

B

A |

C

B |

C

LA 2

| L

A 4

LA 4

| L

A 6

LA 2

| L

A 6

LA 2

| IM

LA 4

LA 4

| IM

LA 4

LA 6

| IM

LA 4

H 1.1Level of deviation

H 1.2Level of atmospheric effect

H 1.3Professional experience



STATISTICAL TEST OF THE HYPOTHESIS

H 1Focus of attention

Des

ign

|V

isu

alis

atio

n

2 |

5

2 |

4

2 |

3

4 |

5

3 |

4

3 |

5

A |

B

A |

C

B |

C

LA 2

| L

A 4

LA 4

| L

A 6

LA 2

| L

A 6

LA 2

| IM

LA 4

LA 4

| IM

LA 4

LA 6

| IM

LA 4

H 1.1Level of deviation

H 1.2Level of atmospheric effect

H 1.3Professional experience

Only strong deviations are recognised.

Focusing the attention do not increase the chance of recognizing CDes.

Atmospheric effectsdistract from content.

Professional experiencedo not change the recognition of CDes.



CONCLUSION AND OUTLOOK

Creationprocess

Creating PRVs as correct as possible(one-to-one simulation)

Competitons Test in preliminary process or separate surveyor in process.

Research possibilities

Different professions (e.c. architecture, urban design)CDes in visualisation

OUTLOOK

Not enough critical approaches towards PRVs in decisive planning decisions.

SUGGESTION

Transmission towards competition jury Experience does not effect CDe recognition Sachjury (Subject-panel) are comparable with students.

How many decisions were made based on misguided Information?

22

THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION


TABLE OF LITERATURE AND ILLUSTRATIONSLITERATUREArchitekten- und Ingenieur-Verein zu Berlin e.V. (2014) 159. AIV-Schinkel-Wettbewerb 2014 Dokumentation. Spandau bei Berlin. Online verfügbar unter http://www.aiv-berlin.de/uploads/aiv_sw_2014_broschuere_.pdf, zuletzt geprüft am 16.05.2014.Hans-Peter W. (2014) Wie der Basler Claraturm plötzlich grösser wurde. Tages-Anzeiger. Online verfügbar unter http://www.tagesanzeiger.ch/schweiz/standard/Wie-der-Basler-Claraturm-ploetzlich-groesser-wurde/story/29305683, zuletzt geprüft am 06.05.2014.Sheppard, S. (2005): Validity, Reliability and Ethics in Visualization. In: Eckart Lange und Ian D. Bishop (Hg.): Visualization in landscape and environmental planning. Technology and applications. London, New York: Taylor & Francis, S. 72–97.Stadt Ulm (2012): Städtebaulicher Realisierungswettbewerb „Wohnquartier am Egginger Weg“. Online verfügbar unter https://www.competitionline.com/upload/downloads/132xx/13290_Auslobung%20WB%20Wohnquartier%20Egginger%20Weg%20Ulm.pdf, zuletzt geprüft am 07.08.2014.Lordick, D. (2012): Die Entkopplung von Entwurf und Darstellung. In: CompetitionMay, K.; Hout, J. van den (2012): Rendering. [Brooklyn, NY]: CLOG (CLOG, August 2012).Köhler, M. (2013): Der Schein vom Stein. Online verfügbar unter http://dabonline.de/2013/05/31/der-schein-vom-stein-renderings/, zuletzt geprüft am 07.08.2014.

Stendel, D. (2012): Mehr Verantwortung mit fotorealistischen Darstellungen. In: Competition: Magazin für Architekten, Ingenieure und Bauherren (2), S. 94

ILLUSTRATIONSManipulated Claraturm visualisation. UBS Media Relations SchweizClaraturm visualisation. Morger & DettliFrontop. Changzhou Wanda Plaza, CCI Architecture Design & Consultng Co.Redevelopment Hahnplatz Prüm. Planorama LandschaftsarchitekturSpanau Sequenzen. Frithjof Hamacher, F. – Student of landscape architecturePromenadenring Spandau. Janina Thieme - Student of landscape architecture; Julia Müller – Landscape architecture; Henning Holk –Landscape architect; Philipp Rösner – Landscape architecture

contradictory renderings193.25.34.143/.../0606_1100_klauser_contradictory_renderings.pdf ·...

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