conozca a su niÑo - winnicott ,donald w

8/3/2019 CONOZCA A SU NIO - Winnicott ,Donald W

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ljdbmbalyg, iatpqt ia djij mjmjij, qlj alfa{ma{j mqr taltjyj `g iahjkj al `j dqlj hqlyg j` àdcg ia `j mji{a A` kak tg`j pa{mjlada{ U:2] iatpba{yg al `j cjkbyjdbltbàldbgtj r `j mji{a asyalij `j mjlg cjdbj `5 jlyat ia zqa cqkba{j y{jltdq{{big qljtamjlj, dgmalx j ygmj{à `gt iaigt r j mb{j{ al tq ib{addbl Atyj {a`jdbl lybmjdglyblq r ta iatj{{g`` tbl blya{{qpdbglat, r d{ag zqa cj dgly{bkqbig j atyjkàda{ `jtkjtat ia `j pa{tglj`biji ia` lbg r ia `g zqa ``jmjmgt tq iatj{{g``g amgdbglj`, jtdgmg ia tq djpjdbiji pj{j tgpg{yj{ `jt f{qty{jdbglat r `gt tgk{atj`ygt zqa ygig lbgaspa{bmalyj yj{ia g yamp{jlg

A` jtpadyg mt amgdbgljlya ia tq yamp{jlg dglyjdyg dgl a` kak ta{ a` ia tqj`bmalyjdbl, at iadb{, dqjlig a` kak aty jnbyjig Yjmkbl qtyai pqaia talyb{ta

jnbyjij, r aspa{bmalyj{ taltjdbglat al `gt talgt blibdjig{jt ia zqa tq asdbyjdbl at yb`r zqa ta aty p{apj{jlig pj{j ij{ àdca A` kak at jfg{yqljig tb pqaia jdapyj{ iatia a`dgmbalxg j tq mji{a r tq asdbyjdbl tbl ibfbdq`yjiat, r iaibdj{ta jt j tjybtfjda{ rmjlahj{ tqt p{gpbgt bmpq`tgt r q{naldbjt, pqat, tanl mb d{bya{bg, at mqr j`j{mjlya ta{ql kak r iatdqk{b{ `jt taltjdbglat zqa jpj{adal dqjlig tq{na `j asdbyjdbl Ta àgdq{{b j`nqlj vax mb{j{ `jt dgtjt iatia atya lnq`g7

_g{ `g yjlyg, yali{ zqa `ànj{ j dglgda{ j tq kak al igt atyjigt8 dqjlig atytjybtfadcg, r mt g malgt y{jlzqb`g, r dqjlig aty asdbyjig J` p{bldbpbg, al a` p{bma{atyjig, atyj{ djtb tbamp{a iq{mbalig5 pg{ `g yjlyg, `gt mgmalygt zqa pjtj iatpba{ygpa{g y{jlzqb`g tgl p{adbgtgt T zqa j`nqlgt kakt djtb lqldj `gn{jl talyb{ta tjybtfadcgt

r ``g{jl ijlig mqaty{jt ia jf`bddbl jql iatpqt ia qlj mjmjij, r lg ta iqa{mal dglfjdb`biji, pg{ `g zqa {atq`yj mqr ibfdb` pj{j `j mji{a `gn{j{ ql dglyjdyg tjybtfjdyg{bg_a{g at p{gkjkà zqa, dgl a` ybampg, `jt dgtjt mahg{al r cjrj qlj dba{yj maibij ia


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tjybtfjddbl r, zqbx mbaly{jt `g kja, pqaij dgmalxj{ j atyjkàda{ qlj {a`jdblcqmjlj U;?]

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_g{ ahamp`g, `gt kakt lg ljdal dgl ql {a`gh iatpa{yjig{ dg`njig ia` dqa``g, igliapqaij àa{ta +J`bmlyata djij y{at cg{jt+ @j j`bmalyjdbl {anq`j{ at qlj dgmgibijipj{j `j mji{a g a` jmj ia d{j, r, iatia a` pqlyg ia vbtyj ia` kak, pgi{j {atq`yj{ t`g a`mahg{ tqtybyqyg ia` tbtyamj zqa dgltbtya al dgma{ djij vax zqa tbalya iatagt ia cjda{`g_a{g ql kak lg dgmbalxj ladatj{bjmalya dgl a` iatag ia j`bmalyj{ta ia mgig {anq`j{5ia cadcg, dgltbia{g zqa `g zqa qlj d{bjyq{j atpa{j aldgly{j{ at ql padcg zqa jpj{adadqjlig `g iataj r iatjpj{ada dqjlig lg `g ladatbyj mt Al gdjtbglat, pqaia ta{ladatj{bg zqa qlj mji{a i a` padcg ia fg{mj iatg{ialjij iq{jlya ql k{ava pa{gig,jlyat ia zqa à taj pgtbkà tanqb{ qlj {qyblj {nbij jijpyjij j tq dgmgibiji Iadqj`zqba{ mgig, at dglvalbalya zqa dqjlig qtyai ampbada j dglgda{ j tq kak tapj zqat `g zqa tya atpa{j, jqlzqa dgltbia{a zqa at bmpgtbkà tjybtfjda{`g r, tb `ànj jdglgda{`g al ygigt tqt jtpadygt, dgmp{gkj{ zqa tq jdybyqi bmpa{bgtj t`g jpj{adadqjlig aty asdbyjig Al `gt blya{vj`gt, a` kak ta tbalya fa`bx j` dgmp{gkj{ zqa iay{tia` padcg g a` kbka{l aty `j mji{a r, iay{t ia a``j, `j cjkbyjdbl r a` mqlig fqa{j iatyj Tb kbal cjr mqdcg zqa jp{alia{ tgk{a a` kak iq{jlya tqt dgmbijt, al {aj`bijigpblg zqa jl cjr mt U;:] zqa jp{alia{ jda{dj ia ` mbaly{jt ta kjj, g iatdjltj al tqdqlj g mbaly{jt qtyai à djmkbj `gt pjjàt

Tb qtyai dqalyj dgl `j jrqij ia qlj alfa{ma{j, atpa{g zqa a``j ma dgmp{alij r lgpbalta zqa ma aly{gmayg j` jfb{mj{ zqa `j mji{a ta aldqaly{j al iatvalyjhj tb t`g va j`kak dqjlig `g j`bmalyj At pgtbkà zqa ladatbya qlj alfa{ma{j, pqat jl lg aty `gkjtyjlya fqa{ya dgmg pj{j aldj{nj{ta qtyai mbtmj ia` kak, pa{g tb lg `g dglgda dqjligiqa{ma, g rjda iatpba{yg dgl `j mb{jij pa{ibij, yali{ qlj bmp{atbl mqr asy{jj ia `dqjlig ta `g aly{anqal pj{j j`bmalyj{`g Al ata mgmalyg at ql mglygldbyg ia jf`bddbl,ql ta{ cqmjlg, tbl iqij, pa{g al dqrg blya{bg{ {qnal ybn{at r àglat fq{bgtgt, pg{ `g dqj`

` mbtmg aty jtqtyjig ia tqt p{gpbjt taltjdbglat Tb ljiba ta `g cj asp`bdjig lg ta{j{j{g zqa qtyai yjmkbl ta jtqtyj{jTb pg{ a` dgly{j{bg rj dglgda j tq cbhg pg{ cjka{`g gkta{vjig mbaly{jt rjda j tq

`jig r pg{ cjka{à pa{mbybig hqnj{ al tqt k{jxgt mbaly{jt ygmj a` padcg, pa{dbkb{ tqasdbyjdbl al tqt va{ijia{jt p{gpg{dbglat r `j {adglgda{ dgmg qlj fg{mj ia jmg{Jtbmbtmg, atyj{ al dglibdbglat ia dgmp{alia{ `g zqa gdq{{a dqjlig jpj{yj `j djkaxj rta lbanj j mjmj{, g dqjlig ta iqa{ma al tqt k{jxgt al `qnj{ ia tqddbglj{ g dqjlig atyyjl jnbyjig zqa lg pqaia dgldaly{j{ta al `j yj{aj @g zqa à gdq{{a at zqa ybala mbaig iatqt p{gpbjt taltjdbglat, r qtyai pqaia jrqij{`g al atgt mgmalygt mahg{ zqa ljiba dgltq blfblbyj pjdbaldbj r pa{mbybligà zqa hqanqa, zqa ygma a` paxl dgl `j kgdj g dgl `j

mjlg5 al qlj pj`jk{j, ygig jzqa``g zqa a` kak ta pa{mbyj j t mbtmg dgmg p`jda{, cjtyjzqa jizqba{j `j dglfbjlxj ladatj{bj pj{j dg{{a{ a` {batng ia tqddbglj{ A``g lg at fdb`pj{j qtyai, pg{zqa tqt padcgt atyl iamjtbjig `àlgt g kbal iakal atpa{j{ j zqa a` lbg


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tqddbgla pj{j ampaxj{ j `àlj{ta _a{g tb tjka `g zqa gdq{{a, U;;] pgi{ tqpa{j{ atamgmalyg ibfdb` r `g jrqij{ j atyjkàda{ qlj kqalj {a`jdbl dgl qtyai mbaly{jt dgma

Yjmpgdg tq kak at lblnl yglyg Dqjlig qlg pbaltj zqa `j asdbyjdbl dgltybyqrapj{j ` qlj aspa{baldbj tbmb`j{ j `j ia va{ta j{{ghjig al qlj nqj{bij ia àglat, lg {atq`yjasy{jg zqa zqba{j atyj{ tanq{g ia zqa qtyai at ibnlj ia dglfbjlxj, jlyat ia jdapyj{ `jàdca Tb à fj``j, ` iaka{ talyb{ta dgmg tb `g iavg{j{jl katybjt tj`vjhat Ià ybampg r` `j iatdqk{b{, r ia atyj mjla{j jmkgt `ànj{l j vj`g{j{ bld`qtg tq vbig jmg{ pg{ a`padcg

D{ag zqa ql aàmalyg bmpg{yjlya al `j aspa{baldbj ia qlj mji{a hgval al a`dglyjdyg yamp{jlg dgl tq kak at `j tanq{biji ia zqa tq cbhg at lg{mj` #dqj`zqba{j zqataj a` tbnlbfbdjig ia atya y{mblg" Al tq djtg, dgmg rj ibha, zqbx ta tbalyj iamjtbjigjngyjij dgmg pj{j blbdbj{ qlj {a`jdbl dgl tq kak a` p{bma{ ij, pa{g à dglvbala tjka{zqa at pg{ dgmpàyg ljyq{j` zqa qlj mji{a iataa dglgda{ j tq kak al dqjlyg ljda Rlg t`g pg{zqa jlca`j dglgda{`g, tblg yjmkbl r a``g `g dglvba{ya al ql jtqlyg iaq{naldbj pg{zqa ta à cjl gdq{{big ygij d`jta ia biajt {atpadyg ia ij{ j `qx j`ngatpjlygtg, j`ng zqa tbl iqij lg at yjl pa{fadyg dgmg ql kak At dgmg tb j `gt ta{atcqmjlgt àt {atq`yj{j ibfdb` d{aa{ zqa tgl kjtyjlya kqalgt dgmg pj{j d{aj{ ialy{g ia tmbtmgt j`ng zqa taj dgmpàyjmalya kqalg Lg d{ag zqa lblnqlj mji{a d{aj al tq cbhg{aj` r pàljmalya j` p{bldbpbg Atyg jfadyj yjmkbl j` pji{a, pqat tya aspa{bmalyj dgl`j mbtmj blyaltbiji zqa `j mji{a `j iqij jda{dj ia tq djpjdbiji pj{j d{aj{ ql lbglg{mj` r tjlg _g{ `g yjlyg, dglgda{ j tq kak at, al p{bma{ `qnj{, ql jtqlyg q{nalya,iakbig j` j`bvbg zqa `j fa`bx dgmp{gkjdbl p{gpg{dbglj j jmkgt p{gnalbyg{at

Tqpa{jij atyj ayjpj, tq jmg{ r tq g{nq``g `j bmpq`tj{l j dglgda{ j tq cbhg5alygldat `g gkta{vj{ al iayj`à U;4] dgl a` fbl ia p{gpg{dbglj{à `j jrqij zqa ladatbyj rzqa t`g pqaia {adbkb{ ia zqbal `g dglgda mahg{, at iadb{, ia qtyai, tq mji{a

Ygig atyg tbnlbfbdj zqa a` dqbijig ia ql lbg {adbl ljdbig dgltybyqra qlj yj{aj iaiaibdjdbl asd`qtbvj r zqa t`g cjr qlj pa{tglj zqa pqaia cjda{`j kbal U;9]


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4A` kak8 qlj amp{atj al mj{dcj

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Tbl iqij, at mqr bmpg{yjlya zqa qlj mji{a yalnj `j aspa{baldbj ladatj{bj pj{jcjda{ `g zqa à pj{ada jp{gpbjig, `g dqj` à pa{mbya iatdqk{b{ `j pàlbyqi ia `jmjya{lbiji5 jt dgmg ql atd{byg{ ta tbalya tg{p{alibig jlya a` djqij` ia biajt zqa tq{naldqjlig dgmbalxj j atd{bkb{, ia bilybdg mgig `j mji{a ta tg{p{alia dgltyjlyamalyajlya `j {bzqaxj zqa iatdqk{a al tq dglyjdyg dgl a` kak

Ia cadcg, djk{j p{anqlyj{ al zq gy{j fg{mj zqa lg taj jtqmbalig pàlj{atpgltjkb`biji pqaia qlj mqha{ jp{alia{ `g zqa tbnlbfbdj ta{ mji{a Tb ta `bmbyj j cjda{`g zqa à ibdal, iaka tanqb{ dgl ata tbtyamj r `j lbdj fg{mj U;1] ia mahg{j{ dgltbtyb{jal aànb{ ql mahg{ dgltaha{g _a{g tb ta tbalya `bk{a pj{j jtqmb{ `j jdybyqi zqa tq{naatpglylajmalya, ta yg{lj{ djij vax mt djpjx pj{j `j yj{aj

At jzq iglia a` pji{a pqaia dg`jkg{j{, p{gpg{dbgljlig j `j mji{a qlj dba{yjmaibij ia y{jlzqb`biji dgl {atpadyg j` mqlig asya{bg{ _{gyanbij jt pg{ tq mj{big, `jmji{a lg ybala ladatbiji ia ib{bnb{ tq jyaldbl cjdbj jfqa{j al ql mgmalyg al zqaiataj yjlyg vg`dj{ta cjdbj jialy{g, al zqa jlca`j gdqpj{ta lbdjmalya ia` blya{bg{ ia`d{dq`g zqa pqaia fg{mj{ dgl `gt k{jxgt r al dqrg daly{g aty a` kak Atya pa{gig,iq{jlya a` dqj` `j mji{a ta p{agdqpj pg{ ata lbdg lbg, lg iq{j mqdcg A` vldq`g aly{a`j mji{a r a` kak at mqr pgia{gtg j` p{bldbpbg, r iakamgt cjda{ ygig `g pgtbkà pj{jpa{mbyb{à gdqpj{ta ia tq kak al ata mgmalyg, zqa at a` mgmalyg ljyq{j`

Jcg{j kbal, gdq{{a zqa atyj aspa{baldbj at kqalj lg t`g pj{j `j mji{a tblgyjmkbl pj{j a` kak, zqbal ladatbyj asjdyjmalya ata ybpg ia tbyqjdbl T`g jcg{jdgmalxjmgt j dgmp{alia{ dqjl jktg`qyj at `j ladatbiji ia` kak dgl {atpadyg j` jmg{ia `j mji{a @j tj`qi ia `j pa{tglj jiq`yj ta dgltg`bij j y{jvt ia ygij `j blfjldbj, pa{g`gt dbmbalygt ia `j tj`qi ia` ta{ cqmjlg iapalial ia `j mji{a al `jt p{bma{jt tamjljtr matat ia `j vbij ia` kak Zqbxt atyg jrqia ql pgdg dqjlig ta tbalyj iatdglda{yjijjlya qlj p{ibij yampg{j{bj ia blya{t pg{ `gt jtqlygt ia` mqlig Qtyai atydglty{qralig `j tj`qi ia qlj pa{tglj zqa ta{ ql mbamk{g ia lqaty{j tgdbaiji, r atg atj`ng vj`bgtg @g asy{jg at zqa, pg{ `g nala{j`, ta pbaltj zqa a` dqbijig ia `gt lbgt{atq`yj mt ibfdb` dqjlyg mjrg{ at tq lma{g Al {aj`biji, atygr tanq{g ia zqa `j


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yaltbl amgdbglj` at mjrg{ dqjlyg malgt cbhgt ta ybalal @j iavgdbl pj{j dgl qljd{bjyq{j asbna a` msbmg atfqa{xg, r `j yj{aj dglta{vj tq afbdjdbj tb t`g iq{j ql dba{ygybampg U;6]

Ia mgig zqa ygig tq blya{t ta dgldaly{j jcg{j al ql gkhayg lbdg Zq vj jcjda{ qtyai jlya atj tbyqjdbl7 _qat ngxj{ ia a``j* Ngxj{ ia zqa ta `j dgltbia{abmpg{yjlya, ia pa{mbyb{ zqa gy{j nalya dqbia ia` mqlig mbaly{jt qtyai p{giqda ql lqavgmbamk{g ia `, ia atyj{ vg`djij cjdbj jialy{g r djtb aljmg{jij ia t mbtmj, pqat a`kak at dgmg qlj pj{ya tqrj Ngxj{ ia `j fg{mj al zqa tq mj{big ta tbalya {atpgltjkàpg{ tq kbalatyj{ r a` ia tq cbhg Ngxj{ iatdqk{balig lqavjt dgtjt tgk{a t mbtmj,ibtf{qyjlig ia mjrg{at ia{adcgt zqa lqldj, r ia cjda{ `g zqa tbalya mt jiadqjigNgxj{ ia tq alghg dgl a` kak dqjlig `gt n{bygt r a` ``jlyg à bmpbial jdapyj{ `j àdcazqa qtyai jlca`j k{blij{à nala{gtjmalya Ngda ia ygigt atgt talybmbalygt famalblgtzqa lb tbzqba{j pqaia dgmalxj{ j asp`bdj{à j ql cgmk{a Al pj{ybdq`j{, t zqa ibtf{qyj{dgl `gt tbnlgt zqa, al fg{mj n{jiqj`, blibdjl zqa a` kak at qlj pa{tglj r zqa `j{adglgda yjmkbl j qtyai dgmg j qlj pa{tglj

Ibtf{qya ia ygig atyg pg{ tq p{gpbg kbal, pa{g tapj zqa a` p`jda{ zqa qtyai pqaiagkyala{ ia atyj dgmp`bdjij yj{aj zqa at a` dqbijig ia ql lbg at ia bmpg{yjldbj vbyj`pj{j a` kak, pqat tya lg iataj {adbkb{ `j j`bmalyjdbl jiadqjij al a` mgmalygjiadqjig, tblg {adbkb{ a` j`bmalyg ia j`nqbal zqa ngxj j`bmalylig`g A` kak ij pg{talyjijt dgtjt dgmg `j tqjvbiji ia `j {gpj r `j ybkbaxj ia` jnqj al zqa `g kjjl @g zqaat bmpgtbkà ij{ pg{ talyjig at a` p`jda{ zqa aspa{bmalyj `j mji{a j` vatyb{ r kjj{ j tqp{gpbg kak Tb qtyai ngxj dgl ygig a``g, a` lbg tbalya zqa tq mqlig ta `àlj ia tg` A`p`jda{ ia `j mji{a iaka atyj{ p{atalya, pqat ia lg ta{ jt ygij tq jdybvbiji {atq`yjmqa{yj, blyb` r madlbdj

Atya ngda, zqa tq{na ljyq{j`malya, pqaia va{ta blya{fa{big pg{ tqt gy{jtp{agdqpjdbglat, r `j p{agdqpjdbl p{gvbala al n{jl maibij ia `j bnlg{jldbj At j`ngtbmb`j{ U;>] j `g zqa zqbxt cjrj àig jda{dj ia `gt ``jmjigt mygigt ia {a`jhjdbl ala` pj{yg @gt jqyg{at ia yjàt `bk{gt cjdal ygig `g pgtbkà pj{j asp`bdj{ `g zqa gdq{{aiq{jlya a` amkj{jxg r a` pj{yg, dgl a` fbl ia zqa `jt mji{at pqaijl {a`jhj{ta, `g dqj`tbnlbfbdj iahj{ ia p{agdqpj{ta pg{ `g iatdglgdbig r, pg{ jt iadb{`g, dglfbj{ al a` p{gdatgljyq{j` Djtb ygig a` ig`g{ ia` pj{yg lg at blca{alya j ` tblg j `j {bnbiax gdjtbgljij pg{a` mbaig, al pj{ybdq`j{ pg{ a` mbaig j `g iatdglgdbig Ygig atg ta asp`bdj al yjàt`bk{gt, r tb qtyai dqalyj dgl ql mibdg r qlj alfa{ma{j afbdjdat, pqaia tgpg{yj{ a` ig`g{zqa at bmpgtbkà avbyj{

Ia bilybdg mgig, qlj vax zqa a` lbg ljda, a` p`jda{ zqa qtyai gkybala ia` dqbijigia` kak iapalia ia zqa `j bnlg{jldbj r a` yamg{ lg `j cjnjl talyb{ yaltj r p{agdqpjijA` p{gptbyg ia atyjt dcj{`jt at p{gpg{dbglj{ blfg{mjdbl j `jt mji{at, dgl a` fbl ia zqatapjl mt jda{dj ia `g zqa gdq{{a al a` kak r dgmp{alijl zqa tya ladatbyjp{adbtjmalya jzqa``g zqa qlj mji{a pqaia cjda{ tb aty y{jlzqb`j, tb jdyj dglljyq{j`biji r ta dgldaly{j al `j yj{aj

Cjk`j{ jda{dj ia` dqa{pg ia` kak, ia tq blya{bg{, r yjmkbl ia `j pa{tglj zqa taiatj{{g``j al ` r dmg qtyai à p{atalyj a` mqlig al pazqajt igtbt, pj{j lg d{aj{àdglfqtbl

Al p{bma{ `qnj{, cjr ql pqlyg zqa iatag jd`j{j{ Tq kak lg iapalia ia qtyai pj{jtq d{adbmbalyg r iatj{{g``g Djij kak at qlj amp{atj al mj{dcj Al djij qlg ia a``gtasbtya qlj dcbtpj vbyj`, r ata jlca`g ia vbij, d{adbmbalyg r iatj{{g``g fg{mj pj{ya ia`kak, at j`ng dgl `g zqa a` lbg ljda r zqa ta dqmpà al qlj fg{mj zqa lg ladatbyjmgtdgmp{alia{ _g{ ahamp`g, tb qtyai alyba{{j ql kq`kg al qlj mjdayj, tjka mqr kbal zqa


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lg ladatbyj cjda{ j`ng pj{j zqa ta dglvba{yj al ql lj{dbtg5 tbmpàmalya ta `bmbyj jp{gvaa{ `j d`jta ia yba{{j jiadqjij r p{gpg{dbglj{à a` U;3] jnqj zqa ladatbyj A` {atyg tap{giqda ljyq{j`malya, pg{zqa a` kq`kg dglybala vbij al t mbtmg Jcg{j kbal, a`dqbijig ia `gt lbgt at mqdcg mt dgmp`bdjig zqa a` ia ql lj{dbtg, pa{g a` ahamp`g atjiadqjig pg{zqa, al jmkgt djtgt, ybala `qnj{ ql p{gdatg ia` dqj` qtyai lg at{atpgltjkà A` kak fqa dgldakbig al qtyai r iatia ata mgmalyg ta dglvb{yb al qlmg{jig{ ia tq dqa{pg Iatpqt ia` pj{yg, ta j`gh al tqt k{jxgt, yampg{j{bjmalya, pqatta y{jyj ia qlj tbyqjdbl zqa lg iq{j{ pj{j tbamp{a, lb tbzqba{j mqdcg ybampg, pqatygzqa lg yj{ij{ al b{ j `j atdqa`j _g{ a` mgmalyg, atya mg{jig{ ybala ql dqa{pg ikb` rpazqag r ladatbyj ia` dqbijig atpadbj` zqa tq{na ia tq jmg{ ia mji{a, pa{g a``g lgj`ya{j a` cadcg ia zqa `j yalialdbj j `j vbij r a` d{adbmbalyg taj blca{alya j` kak

Ma p{anqlyg tb à p{giqda j`nl j`bvbg g{ iadb{ ygig atyg Ca dglgdbig mji{at zqalg pqiba{gl ngxj{ pàljmalya ia tq mjya{lbiji pg{ talyb{ta al dba{yg mgig{atpgltjkàt ia `j vbij ia tq cbhg Tb a` kak ig{mj ta jda{djkjl j `j dqlj dgl `jatpa{jlxj ia zqa ta aldgly{j{j iatpba{yg r iba{j mqaty{jt ia atyj{ vbvg Tb a` kak atyjkjia mj` cqmg{, à cjdjl mqadjt g natygt iatybljigt j p{giqdb{ qlj tgl{btj, `g dqj`,ljyq{j`malya, lg tbnlbfbdjkj ljij pj{j a` lbg rj zqa ta y{jyjkj ia qlj tbmpà {ajddblAtya ybpg ia nalya tbamp{a aty cjdbalig kjb`j{ j `gt lbgt tgk{a `jt {gib``jt pj{jdgltanqb{ qlj {btbyj g dqj`zqba{ gy{j dgtj zqa `j y{jlzqb`bda

J j`nqlgt lbgt lqldj ta àt pa{mbya, lb tbzqba{j al tq mt yamp{jlj blfjldbj,atyj{ zqbaygt r y{jlzqb`gt A``g tbnlbfbdj qlj ta{bj dj{aldbj, a bld`qtg pqaial `ànj{ jpa{ia{ pg{ dgmpàyg `j taltjdbl ia zqa a``gt mbtmgt iatajl vbvb{ D{ag zqa tb `gn{gdglvalda{`j ia zqa al a` kak asbtya ata p{gdatg vbyj` #p{gdatg zqa, al {aj`biji, at mqribfdb` ia asyblnqb{", qtyai atyj{ al mahg{at dglibdbglat pj{j ibtf{qyj{ dgl tq dqbijigAl `ybmj bltyjldbj, `j U;2] vbij iapalia malgt ia `j vg`qlyji ia vbvb{ zqa ia` cadcg ia{atpb{j{

J`nqljt ia qtyaiat cjl d{ajig gk{jt ia j{ya Cjl cadcg ibkqhgt r pblyq{jt, cjlmgia`jig j{db``j, cjl yahbig pq`va{at g cjl cadcg vatybigt A` {atq`yjig ia yjàtjdybvbijiat fqa gk{j ia qtyaiat _a{g `gt kakt tgl ibtyblygt A` kak d{ada, r qtyai,dgmg mji{a, à p{gpg{dbglj ql maibg jiadqjig

J`nqljt pa{tgljt d{aal zqa ql lbg at dgmg j{db``j al `jt mjlgt ia ql j`fj{a{gDgmbalxjl j mgìaj{ j` kak r j talyb{ta {atpgltjkàt ia` {atq`yjig Tbl amkj{ng, atylazqbvgdjigt Tb qtyai tbalya `g mbtmg, ta va{ jp`jtyjij pg{ qlj {atpgltjkb`biji zqa lgà dg{{atpglia jtqmb{ al jktg`qyg Tb pqaia jdapyj{ `j biaj ia ql kak dgmg qljamp{atj al mj{dcj, alygldat ta talyb{ `bk{a pj{j blya{atj{ta pg{ `g zqa gdq{{a al aìatj{{g``g ia` lbg mbaly{jt qtyai ibtf{qyj j` tjybtfjda{ tqt ladatbijiat U4?]


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9@j j`bmalyjdbl ia` lbg

Iatia a` dgmbalxg ia atya tbn`g `j j`bmalyjdbl ia` lbg cj tbig gkhayg iadgltbia{jkà atyqibg, r mibdgt r fbtb`gngt cjl atd{byg lqma{gtjt gk{jt a bllqma{jkàtj{ydq`gt dbalyfbdgt, djij qlg ia `gt dqjàt dgly{bkqr j jqmalyj{ lqaty{gtdglgdbmbalygt Dgmg {atq`yjig ia atyj yj{aj, at pgtbkà ibtyblnqb{ jdyqj`malya igtn{qpgt ia fjdyg{at8 `gt ia ljyq{jàxj ftbdj g kbgzqmbdj g tqtyjldbj`, zqa ljiba pqaiadglgda{ al fg{mj blyqbybvj g tbl ql dglgdbmbalyg p{gfqlig ia j`nqljt dqatybglatdbalyfbdjt, r `gt ia ljyq{jàxj ptbdg`nbdj, zqa tbamp{a cjl atyjig j` j`djlda ia ygigt,taj j y{jvt ia` talybmbalyg g ia `j tbmpà gkta{vjdbl

_g{ ahamp`g, pj{j `ànj{ j `j {jx ia `jt dgtjt tbl iamg{jt, `j j`bmalyjdbl ia` lbgat ql p{gkàmj blca{alya j `j {a`jdbl mji{a-cbhg, qlj pqatyj al p{dybdj ia qlj {a`jdblia jmg{ aly{a igt ta{at cqmjlgt Lg gktyjlya, atya d{bya{bg lg yqvg fdb` jdapyjdbl#jqlzqa `jt mji{at talyjl zqa a{j dba{yg" cjtyj zqa a` atyqibg ia` jtpadyg ftbdg ia`p{gkàmj jd`j{ mqdcjt dqatybglat Djka tqpgla{ zqa, al dqj`zqba{ pa{gig ia `jcbtyg{bj ia` mqlig, qlj mji{a ljyq{j` ia vbij tjlj cjrj dgltbia{jig `j j`bmalyjdbl ia`lbg tbmpàmalya dgmg qlj {a`jdbl aly{a a``j mbtmj r a` kak, pa{g, j` mbtmg ybampg,yjmkbl cqkg ql kak zqa mq{b ia ibj{{aj r vmbygt5 tq mji{a lg U4:] tjkj zqa qlna{mal `g cjkj mjyjig r iaka cjka{ atyjig tanq{j ia zqa tq àdca a{j mj`j @jalfa{maiji r `j mqa{ya blfjlybàt cjdal zqa `jt mji{at pba{ijl dglfbjlxj al t mbtmjtr y{jyal ia gkyala{ ql dgltahg jqyg{bxjig @j alfa{maiji ftbdj cj dgmp`bdjig iamqdcjt mjla{jt `j jdybyqi ia `j mji{a f{alya j` p{gkàmj Ia cadcg, t`g `gt n{jliatp{gn{atgt {aj`bxjigt al a` djmpg ia `j tj`qi r `j alfa{maiji ftbdjt lgt pa{mbyal jcg{jvg`va{ j` fjdyg{ p{bldbpj`8 `j tbyqjdbl amgdbglj`, a` vldq`g jfadybvg aly{a `j mji{a r a`kak Ia` iatj{{g``g tjybtfjdyg{bg ia atya vldq`g jfadybvg iapalia a` sbyg ia `jj`bmalyjdbl

Cgr ij, `gt mibdgt ia` dqa{pg dgmp{alial `g tqfbdbalya jda{dj ia` {jzqbybtmgpj{j avbyj{ tq {apaybdbl Tjkal kjtyjlya jda{dj ia `gt pa`bn{gt ia `j blfaddbl dgmg pj{jbmpaib{ `j danqa{j zqa tg`j tanqb{ j `j blfaddbl nglgdddbdj ia` kak j` ljda{5 tjkalkjtyjlya jda{dj ia` pa`bn{g ia `j àdca yqka{dq`gtj ia vjdjt blfadyjijt pj{j p{avalb{kqalj pj{ya ia `j malblnbybt yqka{dq`gtj zqa jlyat a{j dgml r fjyj`, r `g tqfbdbalyajda{dj ia` atdg{kqyg dgmg pj{j cjka{`g a`bmbljig vb{yqj`malya R jcg{j ta yg{ljbmpa{jybvg zqa zqbalat lgt gdqpjmgt ia `gt talybmbalygt p`jlyaamgt dgl `j mjrg{asjdybyqi pgtbkà a` p{gkàmj ptbdg`nbdg zqa ygij mji{a alf{alyj, pg{ dgmpàyj zqa taj`j jqtaldbj ia alfa{maijiat r pa{yq{kjdbglat dg{pg{jàt `gn{jij pg{ `gt p{gn{atgtmibdgt

Tbl iqij, jl lgt {atq`yj bmpgtbkà p`jlyaj{ dgl asjdybyqi a` p{gkàmj ptbdg`nbdgzqa iaka aldj{j{ `j mji{a ia dqj`zqba{ {adbl ljdbig, pa{g pgiamgt blyalyj{`g, r `jtmji{at pqaial jrqij{ dg{{bnbalig lqaty{gt a{{g{at r jn{anjlig `g zqa gmbybmgt


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Dg{{a{ a` {batng Tqpglnjmgt zqa ta y{jyj ia qlj mji{a tjlj al a` talybigdg{{balya ia `j pj`jk{j, zqa vbva al ql cgnj{ maibjljmalya lg{mj` mjlahjig pg{ a``j rtq atpgtg, r zqa, jtbmbtmg, a` kak `àn al a` mgmalyg U4;] jiadqjig ngxjlig iakqalj tj`qi al yjàt db{dqltyjldbjt djka jfb{mj{ j`ng mqr tbmpà8 `j j`bmalyjdbl ia`lbg lg at mt zqa qlj pj{ya, tb kbal qlj ia `jt mt bmpg{yjlyat, ia qlj {a`jdbl aly{aigt ta{at cqmjlgt @j mji{a r a` {adbl ljdbig atyj{l ibtpqatygt j `bnj{ta aly{a t dgl`jxgt mqr pgia{gtgt ia jmg{, r at ljyq{j` zqa iakjl dglgda{ta qlg j` gy{g jlyat iajdapyj{ `gt n{jliat {batngt amgdbgljàt bmp`bdjigt Qlj vax zqa cjl j`djlxjig atjmqyqj dgmp{altbl g dqj` pqaia gdq{{b{ ia blmaibjyg g tb lg iatpqt ia j`nqlgtdglf`bdygt dglfjl qlg al gy{g r ta dgmp{alial mqyqjmalya r, pg{ `g yjlyg, `jj`bmalyjdbl rj lg gf{ada p{gkàmjt

Al gy{jt pj`jk{jt8 tb `j {a`jdbl aly{a `j mji{a r a` kak rj cj dgmalxjig, r taiatj{{g``j ljyq{j`malya, `jt ydlbdjt pj{j `j j`bmalyjdbl ta yg{ljl blladatj{bjt, r `gmbtmg gdq{{a dgl `jt patjijt r `jt gy{jt fg{mjt ia blvatybnjdbl5 `gt igt tjkal zq atykbal, mqdcg mahg{ zqa dqj`zqba{ gkta{vjig{ Al yjàt db{dqltyjldbjt, a` kak tjkadqlyj àdca iaka ygmj{ r j zq va`gdbiji, r dqlig iaka iahj{ ia ygmj{`j Al yj` djtg,yjmpgdg at ladatj{bg zqa lblnl gkta{vjig{ asy{jg ta p{agdqpa pg{ `j ibnatybl r `jtasd{adbglat ia` kak Ygig a` p{gdatg ftbdg ta {aj`bxj tbl y{gpbaxgt pg{ a` tbmpà cadcgia zqa `j {a`jdbl amgdbglj` ta iatj{{g``j lg{mj`malya Bld`qtg ma jy{ava{j j iadb{zqa, al yjàt db{dqltyjldbjt, qlj mji{a pqaia jp{alia{ j dglgda{ j `gt kakt j y{jvt iatq p{gpbg kak, yj` dgmg tya jp{alia j dglgda{ j tq mji{a j y{jvt ia a``j mbtmj

@j va{ijia{j ibfbdq`yji dgltbtya al zqa tgl yjlyjt `jt taltjdbglat ia p`jda{ zqajdgmpjjl a` lybmg vldq`g dg{pg{j` r atpb{byqj` zqa pqaia asbtyb{ aly{a qlj mji{a r tqkak, zqa `jt mji{at ta dglvba{yal al fdbàt p{atjt ia jzqa``gt pj{j zqbalat yjàttaltjdbglat tgl p{gcbkbijt Lg djka iqij ia zqa jzq, al a` djmpg ia `j j`bmalyjdblU44] blfjlyb`, aha{da tq blf`qaldbj a` pq{byjlbtmg mgia{lg J zqbl ta à gdq{{amjlyala{ j ql kak jpj{yjig ia tq mji{a iatpqt ia` pj{yg, p{bvlig`g ia `j lbdjpgtbkb`biji #j y{jvt ia` g`fjyg" ia talyb{ zqa `j cj vqa`yg j aldgly{j{ iatpqt ia cjka{`jpa{ibig* J zqbl ta à gdq{{a j{{gpj{ j` kak, al yj` fg{mj, mbaly{jt dgma, dgmg pj{jzqa lg pqaij ygmj{ dgl `jt mjlgt a` padcg g a` kbka{l, dgl a` {atq`yjig ia zqa tqlbdj blya{valdbl al a` p{gdatg dgltbtya al iadb{ +t+#dqjlig tqddbglj" g +lg+ #dqjligjpj{yj `j djkaxj g ta iqa{ma"* J zqbl ta à gdq{{a dgmalxj{ `j j`bmalyjdbl ia qlkak tbnqbalig a` {a`gh, jlyat ia zqa cjrj yalbig `j vbvaldbj ia zqa j`ng asbtya {aj`malyafqa{j ia ` mbtmg r ia tqt iatagt*

Al djtgt lg{mjàt #at iadb{, dqjlig `gt igt ta{at cqmjlgt bmp`bdjigt tgl tjlgt"at pgtbkà iahj{ `jt ydlbdjt, `jt djlybijiat r `gt cg{j{bgt al mjlgt ia `j ljyq{jàxj Al`j p{dybdj, a``g tbnlbfbdj zqa `j mji{a pqaia pa{mbyb{ zqa a` lbg iadbij al ygig jzqa``gzqa aty j tq j`djlda iadbib{, pg{zqa a``j, pg{ tq pj{ya, aty al dglibdbglat ia iadbib{ rp{gpg{dbglj{ `g zqa à dg{{atpglia ij{, taj al fg{mj ia dqbijigt g ia àdca

Zqbx ta ma hqxnqa bmp{qialya pg{ iadb{ ygig atyg, pg{zqa tgl mqr pgdjt `jtmji{at zqa ta val `bk{at ia ibfbdq`yjiat pa{tgljàt r ia `j yalialdbj j p{agdqpj{ta zqa`jt `àvj j kqtdj{ jrqij5 jtbmbtmg, lg djka iqij ia zqa j`nqljt mji{at iatdqbijl j tqtkakt g tgl d{qaàt dgl a``gt Gpblg, tbl amkj{ng, zqa bld`qtg `jt mji{at zqa tjkal zqaladatbyjl dgltahg djtb pa{mjlalya, atyj{l al mahg{at dglibdbglat tb dglgdal atygtcadcgt ktbdgt Tb qlj mji{a jtpb{j j `gn{j{ ql dglyjdyg pgtbybvg dgl tq tanqlig gya{da{ kak, iaka tjka{ dq` a{j tq gkhaybvg bld`qtg dgl a` p{bma{g, pj{j dqrg dqbijigladatby yjlyj jrqij5 tq fblj`biji at bliapalibxj{ta ia ygig dgltahg al a` mjlahg ia tqtp{gpbgt cbhgt U49]


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:6

@j j`bmalyjdbl ljyq{j` ta {aj`bxj asjdyjmalya dqjlig a` kak `j iataj r datj aldqjlyg a` kak iahj ia iataj{`j Atyj at `j kjta tgk{a `j dqj` a` lbg pqaia dgmalxj{ j`ànj{ j ql jdqa{ig dgl tq mji{a, dqrg p{bma{ jtpadyg dgltbtya al jdapyj{ qljj`bmalyjdbl {anq`j{ r dglfbjkà, ibnjmgt djij y{at cg{jt, zqa {atq`yj dglvalbalya pj{j`j mji{a r zqa a` lbg jl pqaia vbvb{ dgmg `j tjybtfjddbl ia tq p{gpbg iatag, tbamp{ar dqjlig pqaij j{{an`j{ `jt dgtjt ia yj` mjla{j zqa tbalyj cjmk{a j blya{vj`gt {anq`j{atia y{at cg{jt Tb atya blya{vj`g {atq`yj mqr `j{ng pj{j a` lbg, jpj{ada `j jlnqtybj, r a`mygig mt {pbig pj{j iavg`va{à `j dglfbjlxj at j`bmalyj{`g dqjlig ` `g {azqba{jiq{jlya ql dba{yg pa{gig, pj{j vg`va{ `qang j ql cg{j{bg {anq`j{ dglvalbalya, j maibijzqa a` kak ta yg{lj djpjx ia ygà{j{`g

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Iatia `qang, tb ma ib{bnba{j j `jt alfa{ma{jt aldj{njijt ia dqbij{ ia kakt jhalgt,pgi{j iadb{ mqdcg jda{dj ia tqt ibfbdq`yjiat r iatb`qtbglat Al ql `bk{g lgyjkà, Yca

Lq{tbln Dgqpà,:mb asyblyg jmbng, a` igdyg{ Ma{a`` Mbiiàmg{a, atd{bkb8

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@jt mji{at zqa àjl atyjt pj`jk{jt lg iakal talyb{ta pa{yq{kjijt tb cjl f{jdjtjigal tq p{bma{ dglyjdyg dgl qlg ia tqt cbhgt Asbtyal m`ybpàt {jxglat zqa asp`bdjl U46]

yjàt f{jdjtgt, r at mqdcg `g zqa pqaia cjda{ta al qlj pgdj pgtya{bg{ pj{j dgmpaltj{`gt a{{g{at g `jt gmbtbglat _a{g at ladatj{bg dg{{a{ a` {batng ia jpalj{ j j`nqljt mji{at

:Yca Lq{tbln Dgqpà, Ma{a`` _ Mbiiàmg{a, MI, Cjmbtc Cjmb`ygl Maibdj` Kgget


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1Jilia vj a` j`bmalyg7

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al qlj n{jl q{naldbj Qtyai pgi{ va{ dmg f`qra `j tj`bvj, pg{zqa `gt kakt pazqagtlg `j y{jnjl, dgl `g dqj` iamqaty{jl j` mqlig zqa ta blya{atjl pg{ dgtjt ia `jt zqapqaial jpgia{j{ta dgl `j kgdj Jcg{j kbal, a``g t`g tbnlbfbdj zqa a` kak ta atyasdbyjlig, pj{ybdq`j{malya al `j kgdj @jt mjlgt yjmkbl iatampajl ql pjpa` al `jktzqaij ia tjybtfjddbl Ia mgig zqa dqjlig qtyai à ij ia dgma{, tjybtfjda al ` qliatag mqr n{jlia ia j`bmalyg @j kgdj aty p{apj{jij, `gt `jkbgt tgl mqr taltbkàt alata mgmalyg, r jrqijl j p{gpg{dbglj{ ql j`yg n{jig ia taltjdbl g{j` p`jdalya{j, zqa a`kak lqldj vg`va{ j yala{ al tq vbij fqyq{j

Qlj mji{a ta jijpyj al fg{mj jdybvj j atyjt ladatbijiat, r ibtf{qyj dgl a``g Tqjmg{ `j yg{lj aspa{yj pj{j cjda{ ia`bdjigt jhqtyat al tq mjlahg, zqa j gy{jt pa{tgljt

pgi{jl pj{ada{àt tbl bmpg{yjldbj g zqa ib{adyjmalya bnlg{j{jl Taj zqa `g j`bmalyaqtyai dgl a` padcg g dgl a` U42] kbka{l, `j kgdj ia` kak ta yg{lj mqr jdybvj r `j àdcapjtj ia qtyai g ia `j kgya``j j `j kgdj ia` kak

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Al atya pa{gig, iq{jlya a` dqj` a` p{gdatg ybala `qnj{ al a` atymjng mbtmg, atmqr dglvalbalya zqa a` kak aty zqbayg J qtyai à dg{{atpglia iadbib{ tb `g mahg{ atdg`gdj{ j` kak al `j dqlj iatpqt ia dgma{ g pjtaj{`g tqjvamalya al k{jxgt iq{jlya ql{jyg, pg{zqa lg cjr igt mji{at g igt kakt zqa tajl bnqjàt Al `jt db{dqltyjldbjt mtfjvg{jkàt, a` kak rjda ia atpjìjt r pj{ada pa{ibig al `j dglyamp`jdbl ia tq blya{bg{Al ata mgmalyg pqaia cjka{ qlj jn{jijkà taltjdbl blya{lj, pg{zqa `j tjln{a jdqia j`j {anbl jdybvj r a``g p{giqda qlj p`jdalya{j r d`bij taltjdbl al a` vbaly{a ia` kak@jt pa{yq{kjdbglat, ibty{jddbglat r asdbyjdbglat iq{jlya atyj p{bma{j pj{ya ia `gtp{gdatgt ibnatybvgt ybalial j p{gvgdj{ ql ``jlyg ia p{gyatyj, {anq{nbyjdbglat g qlp{amjyq{g pjtjha ia` j`bmalyg jlyat ia cjka{ aspa{bmalyjig ygigt `gt djmkbgt zqa iakatqf{b{ al a` atymjng mbtmg Qtyai tjka dqjl bmpg{yjlya at mjlyala{ jàhjigt j `gtvadblgt mbaly{jt j`bmalyj j tq kak Atyg lg ta jp`bdj lbdjmalya j` mgmalyg al zqa a`lbg dgma, tblg zqa at v`big cjtyj a` bltyjlya al zqa `j dgmbij iahj a` atymjng Atj`ng jt dgmg `j pj{ya bmpg{yjlya ia qlj gdjtbl tgàmla, zqa ta j{{qblj tb ql jvbld{qxj a` dba`g al ata mgmalyg Al afadyg, atya pa{gig tgàmla bld`qra a` mgmalygpgtya{bg{ j `j blnatybl ia j`bmalyg, dqjlig tya jl lg cj tbig ia` ygig jdapyjig

Tb ygig jlij kbal, atya pa{gig ia pj{ybdq`j{ taltbkb`biji `ànj j tq fbl r qtyaidgmbalxj j atdqdcj{ ng{hagt r mq{mq``gt A``g tbnlbfbdj zqa `j pj{ya ia `j ibnatybl zqaU94] ybala `qnj{ al a` atymjng cj dgld`qbig r zqa a` atymjng ybalia ia fg{mjjqygmybdj j cjda{ pjtj{ `j àdca pj{dbj`malya ibna{bij j `gt blyatyblgt, j y{jvt ia qljv`vq`j

Jcg{j kbal, lg at ladatj{bg zqa qtyai tapj mqdcg jda{dj ia `g zqa gdq{{a al `gtblyatyblgt @j dglyblqjdbl ia` p{gdatg ibnatybvg ia `j àdca at mqr dgmpàhj, pa{g, iafg{mj n{jiqj`, `j àdca ibna{bij at jktg{kbij pg{ `j tjln{a zqa `j `àvj j ygigt `gt{bldglat ia` dqa{pg At blya{atjlya taj`j{ zqa, pgdg iatpqt ia zqa `j àdca iahj aàtymjng, `j kb`bt aly{j al jddbl @j kb`bt at p{giqdbij pg{ a` cnjig al a` mgmalygjiadqjig r j a``j ta iaka zqa a` dglyalbig blyatyblj` yalnj tq dg`g{ pj{ybdq`j{ Zqbxtqtyai mbtmj cjrj yalbig bdya{bdbj djyj{{j`, r alygldat tjka mqr kbal zq mj` ta tbalyaqlg dqjlig `j kb`bt lg pqaia pjtj{ ia` cnjig j `gt blyatyblgt, iakbig j `j blf`jmjdblia` pazqag dgliqdyg zqa `j ibfqlia Al atyj alfa{maiji, `j kb`bt pjtj j `j tjln{a r lg j`gt blyatyblgt, r zqbal `j pjiada jizqba{a ql blyaltg dg`g{ jmj{b``g _a{g dqjlig `j kb`bttbnqa tq djmblg lg{mj` al a` mgmalyg jiadqjig, alygldat a` kak ta tbalya kbal

Tb dgltq`yj ql `bk{g ia fbtbg`gnj pgi{ tjka{ ygig `g zqa gdq{{a al `j ibnatyblq`ya{bg{ ia `j àdca, pa{g yjàt iayj`àt lg blya{atjl tb qtyai at qlj mji{a @g bmpg{yjlyaat zqa `gt ng{ngyagt blibdjl a` fblj` ia` pa{gig iq{jlya a` dqj` a` lbg at taltbkà r zqa`j dgmbij aty jcg{j {aj`malya jialy{g Iatia a` pqlyg ia vbtyj ia` kak, atyj lqavjayjpj iaka dgltybyqb{ ql mbtya{bg, pqat `j fbtbg`gnj aty fqa{j ia tq j`djlda Lgtgy{gttjkamgt, tbl amkj{ng, zqa a` j`bmalyg ta jktg{ka ia ibva{tjt mjla{jt j y{jvt ia `gtblyatyblgt, r avalyqj`malya ta ibty{bkqra pg{ ygig a` dqa{pg r `ànj j ygigt `gt yahbigt jy{jvt ia `j dg{{balya tjlnqlaj Al ql kak, yjàt yahbigt d{adal tbl datj{ dgl ql {bymgmqr jdaà{jig r ladatbyjl zqa a` jp{gvbtbgljmbalyg ta {apbyj dgl {anq`j{biji U99]


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6A` fblj` ia` p{gdatg ibnatybvg

Al `j `ybmj dcj{`j iatd{bk a` iatyblg ia `j àdca zqa a` kak y{jnj, ibnba{a rjktg{ka5 al tqt blyatyblgt ybala `qnj{ ql dgmp`bdjig p{gdatg zqa lg blya{atj j `j mji{a rdgltybyqra ql mbtya{bg pj{j a` lbg Tbl amkj{ng, tya vqa`va j blya{valb{ al `j `ybmjayjpj, zqa ialgmbljmgt asd{adbl, ia mjla{j zqa `j mji{a yjmkbl ta va alvqa`yj ala``j r iatampaj{ tq pjpa` ia fg{mj pgtbybvj tb tjka zq gdq{{a al ata mgmalyg

A` j`bmalyg lg ta jktg{ka ygyj`malya5 bld`qtg `j mahg{ àdca mjya{lj iahj j`nl{atbiqg r, jiamt, aty a` iaya{bg{g ljyq{j` ia `gt blyatyblgt5 dqj`zqba{j zqa taj `j djqtj,a` {atbiqg asbtyalya tbamp{a at dgltbia{jkà r iaka ta{ a`bmbljig

@gt ibva{tgt aàmalygt zqa dgltybyqb{l `j iapgtbdbl vjl pjtjlig al fg{mjn{jiqj` j` asy{amg blfa{bg{ ia `gt blyatyblgt, al ib{addbl j `j tj`bij zqa ialgmbljmgtjlg Dmg ta p{giqda ygig atyg7 A` mjya{bj` jvjlxj maibjlya qlj ta{ba iadgly{jddbglat zqa ta p{giqdal j ygig `g `j{ng ia `gt blyatyblgt Ia pjtg, tjkj qtyai

zqa `j dgmbij iaka pjtj{ pg{ ql jlngtyg yqkg ia qlgt > may{gt ia `glnbyqi al qljiq`yg7 @gt blyatyblgt ia` kak ybalal qlgt 9 may{gtMt ia qlj vax, j`nqlj mji{a ma cj ibdcg zqa +`j dgmbij pjtjkj ib{adyjmalya pg{

a` kak+, pqat a``j d{aj zqa, al dqjlyg ta bly{giqdj ql j`bmalyg al a` kak, U91]blmaibjyjmalya tj`j pg{ a` gy{g asy{amg Ta ybala atj bmp{atbl, pa{g lg at dg{{adyj @gbmpg{yjlya at zqa `gt blyatyblgt ia` kak tgl taltbkàt r zqa `j blnatybl ia j`bmalygtpgla al mj{dcj `jt glijt ia dgly{jddbl al `gt blyatyblgt Dqjlig tyjt j`djlxjl `jpg{dbl blfa{bg{, ta p{giqda qlj iapgtbdbl _g{ `g nala{j`, atyj `ybmj pg{dbl ia `gtblyatyblgt, a` {adyg, ta aldqaly{j mt g malgt vjdj @jt dgly{jddbglat ta p{giqdaldqjlig a` dglyalbig blyatyblj` at n{jlia, g tb a` kak aty asdbyjig g tb j`nqlj blfaddbl

cj blf`jmjig a` blyatyblg T`g al fg{mj n{jiqj` a` kak vj jizqb{balig qlj dba{yjmaibij ia dgly{g`, r ma nqtyj{j asp`bdj{ atya iatj{{g``gJ` p{bldbpbg pgiamgt bmjnblj{ zqa a` {adyg dgmbalxj j `àlj{ta pg{zqa cjr qlj

n{jl djlybiji ia {atbiqg zqa atpa{j yq{lg pj{j tanqb{ iatdalibalig _{gkjkàmalya aàtymq`g {aj` pj{j a` mgvbmbalyg ia `gt blyatyblgt p{gvalnj ia` p{gdatg ibnatybvgblbdbjig pg{ `j `ybmj blnatybl ia j`bmalyg Yj{ia g yamp{jlg a` {adyg ta `àlj A` kaklg cj yalbig mjrg{at lgybdbjt ia` p{gdatg mbaly{jt tya yalj `qnj{ al `j {anbl tqpa{bg{,pa{g j` `àlj{ta a` {adyg, aspa{bmalyj qlj taltjdbl iafblbij zqa lg at iatjn{jijkà rzqa à p{giqda a` iatag ia mgva{ a` vbaly{a ia blmaibjyg J` dgmbalxg lg djka atpa{j{zqa a` kak {ayalnj a` mjya{bj` al a` {adyg Qtyai tjka mqr kbal zqa djmkbj{ r `jvj{

pjjàt gdqpj ql `qnj{ mt zqa iatyjdjig al `jt p{bma{jt ayjpjt ia` dqbijig ia` lbgTb a` kak aty vatybig, a` djmkbg f{adqalya ia pjjàt at blavbyjkà, pqat qlj iapgtbdblzqa ta mjlybala iq{jlya `j{ng ybampg al dglyjdyg dgl `j pba` p{giqda b{{byjdbl, alatpadbj` tb, pg{ qlj q gy{j {jxl, `j iapgtbdbl cj tbig mqr {pbij r, pg{ `g yjlyg,


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`zqbij A` p{gkàmj ia `gt pjjàt lg pqaia tg`qdbglj{ta maibjlya qlj aiqdjdbljp{atq{jij Tb qtyai ybala pjdbaldbj r jnqj{ij ql ybampg {jxgljkà, `jt dgtjtdgmalxj{l j djmkbj{ U96]

Tb a` kak {aybala `j mjya{bj fadj` al a` {adyg iq{jlya atyj `ybmj ayjpj, jzq``j tatadj, pqat a` dqa{pg jktg{ka iq{jlya ata `jptg tq dglyalbig ia jnqj @j iapgtbdbl tadglvba{ya alygldat al j`ng t`big, dqrg pjtjha p{giqda p`jda{ j` kak5 ia cadcg, a`pjtjha ia `j mjya{bj fadj` pqaia p{giqdb{ yj` asdbyjdbl zqa a` kak ``g{j pg{ `j jltbaijiia atj taltjdbl Va `g zqa dgltbnqa j` iahj{ `jt dgtjt al mjlgt ia tq kak #jqlzqa `gjrqia al `j maibij al zqa ` lg pqaia j{{an`j{ta tg`g"7 @a ij ygijt `jt gpg{yqlbijiatpgtbkàt pj{j zqa jp{alij, pg{ maibg ia `j aspa{baldbj, zqa at jn{jijkà {ayala{ atamjya{bj` jlyat ia aspq`tj{`g, r jql pj{j zqa iatdqk{j zqa a` {atq`yjig at blya{atjlya rzqa, al {aj`biji, iafadj{ pqaia dgltybyqb{ qlj aspa{baldbj al asy{amg tjybtfjdyg{bj tbygig jlij kbal A` atyjkàdbmbalyg ia atyj jdybyqi tjlj pg{ pj{ya ia` kak cjdbj yjàtdqatybglat dgltybyqra `j lbdj kjta t`bij pj{j ygig `g zqa qtyai pqaij zqa{a{ cjda{ mt

yj{ia al dqjlyg j tq aiqdjdblZqbxt j`nqbal à cjrj ibdcg zqa iatia a` dgmbalxg dg`gzqa j tq kak al `jkjdblb``j iatpqt ia djij dgmbij, dgl `j biaj ia aiqdj{`g `g jlyat pgtbkà Tb qtyai `gcjda, iaka tjka{ zqa t`g `j mqava a` iatag ia `jvj{ malgt pjjàt R lg ta{j qlj mj`jbiaj, pa{g gdq{{a zqa pg{ a` mgmalyg a` kak lg at al mgig j`nqlg djpjx ia jp{alia{j`ng al atya talybig Tb lg à pa{mbya iatj{{g``j{ta pg{ tq dqalyj al atyjt dqatybglat,gktyjdq`bxj `gt dgmbalxgt ia ql p{gdatg ljyq{j` Jiamt, ta pba{ia mqdcjt dgtjtjn{jijkàt _g{ ahamp`g, tb qtyai at pjdbalya, yj{ia g yamp{jlg iatdqk{b{ zqa a` kak,zqa rjda j`` y{jlzqb`g al tq dqlj, aldqaly{j `j mjla{j ia jlqldbj{à zqa cj iafadjig5 rp{glyg à ij{ j alyalia{ zqa aty j pqlyg ia cjda{`g Qtyai ta aldqaly{j jcg{j j`

p{bldbpbg ia qlj lqavj {a`jdbl dgl a` kak, zqbal lg pqaia dgmqlbdj{ta U9>] dgl qtyaiyj` dgmg `g cjdal `gt jiq`ygt, pa{g cj aldgly{jig qlj fg{mj ia cjk`j{ tbl pj`jk{jt Atdgmg tb ibha{j8 +D{ag zqa vgr j mgva{ a` vbaly{a5 ya blya{atj7+ R qtyai #tbl `ànj{{aj`malya j iadb{`g", {atpglia +t+, r à cjda tjka{ zqa tq blya{t lg ta iaka j zqa àp{agdqpa `j biaj ia yala{ zqa `bmpbj{`g lb j tq iatag j altaj{à j ta{ `bmpbg Tq blya{tybala tqt {jdat al tq jmg{ pg{ a` kak, ia mgig zqa ygig `g zqa ybala bmpg{yjldbj pj{j` `j ybala yjmkbl pj{j qtyai5 alygldat lg à bmpg{yj{ `ànj{ yj{ia, pg{zqa `g ataldbj`lg at zqa a` kak ta mjlyalnj `bmpbg, tblg {atpglia{ j` ``jmjig ia ql tamahjlya

Mt jia`jlya, tq {a`jdbl dgl a` lbg al atygt y{mblgt ta yg{lj{ mt {bdj5 j vadatql kak ybala mbaig ia `j iapgtbdbl zqa aty pg{ p{giqdb{ta, r gy{jt, tbalya zqa at j`ng

vj`bgtg Dgmg tqt jdygt ta kjtjl al a` tbmpà cadcg ia zqa qtyai `g jmj, p{glyg pgi{ibtyblnqb{ `gt mgmalygt al zqa qtyai `g jrqij j `bk{j{ta ia dgtjt mj`jt r `gt mgmalygtal zqa qtyai {adbka tq jmg{gtg {anj`g

Dglvbala maldbglj{ jzq qlj dqatybl ia g{ial p{dybdg Dqjlig a` kak cj yalbigqlj iapgtbdbl tjybtfjdyg{bj, qtyai pqaia paltj{ zqa rj ygig ya{mbl, `g djmkbj r{ayg{lj j tqt jdybvbijiat _a{g a` kak pqaia vg`va{ j talyb{ta mgàtyg g kbal altqdbj{ a`pjj` `bmpbg djtb ia blmaibjyg At mqr p{gkjkà zqa iatpqt ia vjdbj{ a` {adyg, tyavqa`vj j `àlj{ta djtb tbl ib`jdbl Tb qtyai lg aty jpq{jij r pqaia jnqj{ij{ qlgtmgmalygt, a` kak pgi{ yala{ gy{j iapgtbdbl dqjlig ta p{giqxdjl `jt lqavjtdgly{jddbglat Atyg pqaia gdq{{b{ qlj r gy{j vax Tb qtyai pqaia jnqj{ij{, pa{mbya zqa a`

kak vjda a` {adyg, `g dqj` ybalia j dglta{vj{`g taltbkà, ia mgig zqa, dqjlig ta `àlaia lqavg, j`nqljt cg{jt iatpqt, ygig a` p{gdatg vg`va{ j {apayb{ta al qlj fg{mjljyq{j` @jt mji{at zqa atyl tbamp{a jpq{jijt iahjl j tqt kakt dgl U93] j`ng al a`


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{adyg Atya tgk{jlya ta{ a`bmbljig, p{gvgdjlig ql jqmalyg blladatj{bg ia pjjàttqdbgt, g kbal zqaij{ {ayalbig al a` {adyg, dgl `g dqj` tya ta yg{lj malgt taltbkà r `gtdgmbalxgt ia `j aspa{baldbj tbnqbalya ta val ibfbdq`yjigt al dba{yj maibij A` mjlahgpjdbalya, iq{jlya ql `j{ng pa{gig, adcj `jt kjtat pj{j ql talybig ia` g{ial al `j{a`jdbl ia` kak dgl tqt fqldbglat asd{ayg{bjt Tb qtyai aty jpq{jij r lg ybala ybampgpj{j atpa{j{ cjtyj zqa `j aspa{baldbj ta {aj`bda ygyj`malya, jzq` blbdbj{ tq iatj{{g``g almaibg ia qlj dglfqtbl A` kak zqa lg aty dglfqtg pgi{ tanqb{`j mt jia`jlya r{alqldbj{ n{jiqj`malya j` alg{ma p`jda{ zqa p{giqda a` cadcg ia iafadj{ al dqjlygtq{na a` bmpq`tg ia cjda{`g5 lg `g cj{ tbmpàmalya pj{j tjybtfjda{ tq iatag ia altqdbj{`j malg{ djlybiji pgtbkà ia pjjàt, tblg pg{zqa zqba{a atpa{j{`j, pj{j aly{j{ aldglyjdyg dgl `j tjybtfjddbl zqa j qtyai à p{giqda gdqpj{ta ia ygig `g {a`jdbgljig dgltq p{gpbg kak Mqdcg mt yj{ia, a` lbg jizqb{b{ dgly{g` al atj xglj r ta altqdbj{dqjlig zqba{j igmblj{`j g kbal atpa{j{ j zqa `ànqa a` mgmalyg jiadqjig, dqjligiataa dgmp`jda{`j

_gi{j dglyj{à mqdcg tgk{a `gt kakt zqa lqldj yqvba{gl gpg{yqlbiji iaaldgly{j{ta j t mbtmgt al atyj bmpg{yjlya dqatybl T ia qlj mji{a zqa p{dybdjmalyalqldj pa{mbyb j tqt cbhgt yala{ qlj iapgtbdbl ljyq{j` Yalj qlj yag{j tanl `j dqj` `jmjya{bj fadj` {ayalbij al a` {adyg alvalalj j` kak Atyg at j ygijt `qdat a{{lag5 `gtkakt r `gt lbgt pazqagt pqaial {ayala{ ibdcg mjya{bj` al a` {adyg iq{jlya vj{bgt ijttbl tqf{b{ ijg j`nqlg Atyj mji{a tbamp{a blya{fa{j al a` fqldbgljmbalyg blyatyblj` iatqt cbhgt dgl tqpgtbyg{bgt r alamjt, r a` {atq`yjig fqa mt zqa djybdg _g{ tqpqatyg, lgyalj lblnqlj p{gkjkb`biji ia d{bj{ lbgt fa`bdat zqa pqiba{jl zqa{a{`j fdb`malya U92]

Qtyai atpa{j, tbl iqij, zqa ma {afba{j yjmkbl j` gy{g ybpg ia asd{adbl, `j g{blj@gt p{bldbpbgt nala{jàt tgl bilybdgt al jmkgt djtgt

A` jnqj ta jktg{ka al `j dg{{balya tjlnqlaj, r `g zqa at blladatj{bg ta a`bmblj jy{jvt ia `gt {bglat r ia `j vahbnj, hqlyg dgl gy{gt {atbiqgt ibtqa`ygt al a``j A` kak lgtjka ljij cjtyj zqa `j vahbnj dgmbalxj j `àlj{ta, r alygldat aspa{bmalyj ql q{nalyaiatag ia g{blj{ J` p{bldbpbg ygig atyg at mt g malgt jqygmybdg, pa{g a` kak jp{aliaia fg{mj n{jiqj` zqa cjr qlj {adgmpaltj al {ayala{ ql pgzqbyg8 iatpqt ia {ayala{, j`kak à {atq`yj p`jdalya{g a`bmblj{ `j g{blj Jt ta iatj{{g``j gy{j pazqaj g{nj zqaal{bzqada `j vbij ia` lbg, zqa cjda `j vbij mt ibnlj ia vbvb{ta r a` dqa{pg mt ibnlgia vbvb{ al `

Dgl a` dq{tg ia` ybampg, qtyai pqaia `ànj{ j qyb`bxj{ atya iatdqk{bmbalyg ia` kak,pg{zqa asbtyal dba{ygt tbnlgt zqa à pa{mbyal tjka{ zqa j`ng vj j gdq{{b{, r tb à

iamqaty{j tq blya{t pg{ ygig a` p{gdatg pqaia al{bzqada{ jl mt `j aspa{baldbj ia`kak Mt jia`jlya, j tya à {atq`yj{ jn{jijkà atpa{j{, tb `j atpa{j lg at iamjtbjigp{g`glnjij, dgl a` fbl ia zqa ygig a` da{amglbj` pqaij {aj`bxj{ta ialy{g ia `j {a`jdbljmg{gtj zqa asbtya aly{a qtyaiat igt

Dgmp{alia jcg{j al zq talybig `j mji{a at ladatj{bj pj{j a` mjlahg ia `jtasd{adbglat, yj` dgmg `g at pj{j `j j`bmalyjdbl7 T`g `j mji{a tbalya zqa vjà `j paljtanqb{ `jt ladatbijiat blfjlybàt al iayj`à, r a``g pa{mbya zqa `jt aspa{baldbjt dg{pg{jàtasdbyjlyat `ànqal j fg{mj{ pj{ya ia qlj {a`jdbl jmg{gtj aly{a igt pa{tgljt8 a``j mbtmjr tq kak

Dqjlig ygig atyg gdq{{a r ta mjlybala iq{jlya ql dba{yg ybampg, `g zqa ``jmjmgt

aiqdjdbl pqaia {aj`bxj{ta U1?] tbl mjrg{at ibfbdq`yjiat, pqat `j mji{a ta cj njljig aìa{adcg j yala{ jzqa``jt asbnaldbjt zqa lg atyl mt j`` ia `j djpjdbiji ia` lbg


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Atya dgltybyqra gy{g ahamp`g ia `j fg{mj al zqa qlj mji{a dg{{balya atyjk`ada `gtdbmbalygt ia qlj vbij tjlj, maibjlya a` dqbijig jmg{gtg ia tq p{gpbg kak U1:]


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>A` kak dgmg pa{tglj

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conozca a su niÑo - winnicott ,donald w

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