conlangs monthly - november edition

7/24/2019 Conlangs Monthly - November Edition

1/40


2/40

OAG LG _

H Cjifsl Igta ]l Ehsoightigc SarjmAe Oagstruotlm Jhgcuhcls1

]l Igtlrprltlr -

Lgcjisb, jahgwarm obhfpiag ae tbl warjm!

Baw Fhgy JhgcuhclsIs It âssi jl ta Jlhrg1

Oagolptuhj flthpbars ig

Mhrk hrl tbl vlijs ae mlhtb`y Ohgmjlfhss

I Shgmlrlm Jagljy hs h Ojaum- rhgsjhtiags-

]l Igffulgol ae _phgisb ag Lgcjisb

Baw I jlhrglm h jhgcuhcl ig 00 baurs

@i`jiacrhpby hgm Hokgawjlmclflgts

Lmitar ig Obile4Daghtbhg Ejlury

Jhyaut Mlsicg & CrhpbiosCh`l Sitfagclr

EaugmlrsCh`l SitfagclrDaghtbhg Ejlury

Lmitarihj lhf

-Fhtt Oargltt-

-Dabg Oajhpigta-

-Hgmriy Khrhfhzav-

-Duijlt Lgcjhgm-

-Dasbuh Ealr-

-@ritt ^ltlrsag-

-@y Pyhg BL JIGC\I_ @JACCLP -

p.8

p.0

p.83

p.89

p.08

p.0>>0oa-hutbarlm hg ifparthgt phplr witb Obafskyhgm Fhro Bhuslr, hg lvajutiaghry psyobajacisthgm ìajacist ht Bhrvhrm, ag rloursiag. Eitob hgmbis oausig @ijj, h saffljilr `hslm ig ^hris, wlrlmul ta hrrivl `y ffahtpjhgl ig tbl îrhb vijjhcl hoaupjl a baurs h lr Lvlrltt hgm I mim. Hs tbl pjhgljhgmlm ag tbl whtlr, tbl irhb, wba bhm chtblrlmht tbl rivlr, `lchg ta obllr. ]l twa flg stlpplm

raf tbl oaokpit, Eitob tatigc h jhptap oafputlrigta wbiob bl bhm pracrhfflm h wllks wartb a

jigcuistio lxplriflgts tbht bl igtlgmlm ta plr arfag tbl îrhb. ]ly wlrl quiokjy surraugmlm `youriaus tri`l flf`lrs. ]l Eitob oausigs, bhvigctrhvljjlm wimljy tacltblr ta rlfatl phrts a tbl


6/40

=

warjm, `ljilvlm tbht tbly kglw baw ta lsth`jisbhg igsthgt rhppart witb igmiclgaus plapjls. ]ly`raucbt tblir oupplm bhgms ta tblir fautbs hgm`jlw jaag ohjjs `hok hgm artb. ]l îrhb jaaklmag stagl- holm. ]lg @ijj `lchg ta fhkl h jaumpappigc saugm `y sghppigc h gclr a agl bhgmhchigst tbl appasitl phjf. ]l îrhb rlfhiglm

ifphssivl. ]l oausigs sbrucclm sbllpisbjy hgmh`hgmaglm tblir l arts.

\suhjjy yau ohg baak plapjl rlhjjy lhsijy `ymaigc tblsl uggy jittjl tbigcs, Eitob shim jhtlr.@ut tbl îrhb kims wlrlgt ùyigc it, hgm glitblrwlrl tblir phrlgts. Lvlrltt sgartlm. Its gat phrt atblir oujturl, bl shim. _a tblyrl gat igtlrlstlm.

H lw wllks lhrjilr, I bhm ohjjlm Eitob ig _oatjhgm,wblrl bl is h pra lssar ht tbl \givlrsity a _t.Hgmrlws. If slligc tbis hs hg lxpjarhtary hot-

gmigc trip, bl tajm fl. I whgt ta sll witb fyawg lyls baw fuob a tbis stu tbht Mhg is shyigcsllfs ta oblok aut.

Lvlrltt is kgawg hfagc jigcuistios lxplrts ararglriglss hgm hg ifphtilgol witb hohmlfiomloaruf. Bl whs arg igta h warkigc-ojhss hfijyig Bajtvijjl, h tawg ag tbl Ohji argih-Flxioaàrmlr, wblrl bis bhrm-mrigkigc htblr, Jlaghrm,warklm vhriausjy hs h `hrtlgmlr, h oawày, hgmh flobhgio. I magt tbigk wl bhm h àak ig tblbausl, Lvlrltt shim. a fy mhm, plapjl wbathucbt ht oajjlcls hgm plapjl wba warl tils wlrlsissilshjj a tblf. I suppasl safl a tbht is stijjig fl. Lvlrltts obil lxpasurl ta igtljjlotuhj ji lwhs tbraucb bis fatblr, h whitrlss, wba milm ah `rhig hglurysf wblg Lvlrltt whs ljlvlg. _bl

`raucbt bafl Plhmlrs Miclst oagmlgslm àakshgm h slt a flmiohj lgoyojaplmihs, wbiob Lvlrltthttlfptlm ta flfarisl. Ig bicb sobaaj, bl shw tblfavil Fy Ehir Jhmy hgm tbaucbt hàut loafigch jigcuist, `lohusl, bl jhtlr wratl, Blgry Biccigsswark httrhotlm fl igtljjlotuhjjy, hgm `lohusl itjaaklm jikl pbagltioihgs oaujm clt riob.

Hs h tllg-hclr, Lvlrltt pjhylm tbl cuithr ig raok`hgms (bis klyàhrmist jhtlr `lohfl hg lhrjyflf`lr a Irag @uttlrffy) hgm sfaklm pat hgmmrapplm hoim, ugtij tbl sufflr a 8952, wblg blflt Klrlg Crhbhf, hgatblr stumlgt ht Lj OhpithgBicb _obaaj, ig Jhklsiml. ]l mhucbtlr a Obristihgfissiaghrils, Klrlg whs `raucbt up hfagc tbl_htlrl plapjl ig gartblhstlrg @rhzij. _bl igvitlmLvlrltt ta oburob hgm `raucbt bif bafl ta flltblr hfijy. ]ly wlrl javigc hgm ohrigc hgm bhmhjj tblsl craavy lxplrilgols ig tbl Hfhzag,Lvlrltt shim. ]ly suppartlm fl hgm tajm fl bawcrlht I whs. ]is whs dust gat wbht I whs uslm ta.Ag Aota`lr =, 8952, ht tbl hcl a slvlgtllg, bl`lohfl h àrg-hchig Obristihg. I ljt tbht fy ji l

bhm obhgclm oafpjltljy, tbht I bhm stlpplm rafmhrkglss igta jicbthjj tbl lxprlssiags yau blhr.Bl stapplm usigc mrucs, hgm wblg bl hgm Klrlgwlrl licbtllg tbly fhrrilm. H ylhr jhtlr, tbl rsta tblir tbrll obijmrlg whs àrg, hgm tbly `lchgprlphrigc ta `loafl fissiaghrils.

Ig 8935, h lr crhmuhtigc witb h mlcrll ig EarlicgFissiags raf tbl Faamy @i`jl Igstitutl aObiohca, Lvlrltt lgrajjlm witb Klrlg ig tbl_ufflr Igstitutl a Jigcuistios, kgawg hs _.I.J.,hg igtlrghtiaghj lvhgcljiohj archgizhtiag tbhtsllks ta sprlhm Cams Sarm `y trhgsjhtigc tbl@i`jl igta tbl jhgcuhcls a prljitlrhtl saoiltils.]ly wlrl slgt ta Obihphs, Flxioa, wblrl Klrlgsthylm ig h but ig tbl dugcjl witb tbl oaupjlsobijmrlg`y tbis tifl, tblrl wlrl tbrllwbijlLvlrltt ugmlrwlgt cruljjigc ljm trhigigc. Bllgmurlm y-fijl bikls hgm survivlm ar slvlrhjmhys mllp ig tbl dugcjl witb agjy fhtobls, whtlr, hrapl, h fhobltl, hgm h ffhsbjicbt.

]l oaupjl wlrl civlg jlssags ig trhgsjhtiagtlobgiquls, ar wbiob Lvlrltt pravlm ta bhvl h ci .Bis rilgm ^ltlr Carmag, h jigcuist ht Oajufìh\givlrsity wba bhs pu`jisblm h phplr ag tblh`slgol a guf`lrs ig îrhb, shys tbht Lvlrlttrlcujhrjy ifprlssls hohmlfio humilgols witb hmlfagstrhtiag ig wbiob bl pioks raf hfagc tblorawm h splhklr a h jhgcuhcl tbht bl bhs glvlrblhrm. Sitbig hàut twlgty figutls, bl ohg tljjyau tbl hsio struoturl a tbl jhgcuhcl hgm baw itscrhffhr warks, Carmag shim. Bl bhs igorlmi`jl`rlhmtb a kgawjlmcl, is rlhjjy, rlhjjy sfhrt, kgawsstu igsiml aut. Lvlrltts thjlgts wlrl a`viausta tbl houjty ht _.I.J., wba ar twlgty ylhrs bhm

`llg tryigc ta fhkl pracrlss ig îrhb, witb jittjlsuoolss. Ig Aota`lr, 8933, ht _.I.J.s igvithtiag,Lvlrltt, Klrlg, hgm tblir tbrll sfhjj obijmrlgfavlm ta @rhzij, rst ta h oity ohjjlm @ljf, tajlhrg ârtuculsl, hgm tblg, h ylhr jhtlr, ta h îrhb vijjhcl ht tbl fautb a tbl Fhioi Pivlr. Ht tbhttifl, wl mimgt kgaw tbht îrhb whs jigcuistiohjjysa bhrm, Klrlg tajm fl.

]lrl hrl hàut tbrll bugmrlm hgm y îrhbsprlhm aut ig sfhjj vijjhcls hjagc tbl Fhioi hgmFhrfljas Pivlrs. ]l vijjhcl tbht I visitlm witbLvlrltt whs typiohj4 slvlg buts fhml `y prappigcphjf- ragm raa s ag tap a aur stioks. ]l butsbhm mirt ffaars hgm ga whjjs ar urgiturl, lxolpt

ar h rhislm pjht arf a tbig `rhgobls ta sjllp ag.]lsl rhcijl mwljjigcs, ig wbiob h hfijy a tbrllar aur ficbt jivl, jiglm h phtb tbht waugm tbraucbjaw `rusb hgm crhss glhr tbl rivlr`hgk. ]lplapjl kllp lw passlssiags ig tblir butspatshgm phgs, h fhobltl, h kgi lhgm fhkl ga taajsatblr tbhg sorhpigc ifpjlflgts (uslm ar fhkigchrrawblhms), jaasljy wavlg phjf-jlh `hcs, hgmwaam àws hgm hrraws. ]lir agjy arghflgts hrl


7/40

>>, ag h trip ta ârta Uljba, h tawg hàut twabugmrlm fijls raf tbl vijjhcl, bl augm h fagtb-

ajm l-fhij raf h oajjlhcul ht tbl \givlrsity aFhgoblstlr, igvitigc bif ta splgm h ylhr hs hrlslhrob pra lssar ht tbl sobaaj. Ig 0>>0, Lvlrlttwhs birlm ta h ujj-tifl pasitiag, hgm bl hgmKlrlg favlm ta Lgcjhgm. ]rll ylhrs jhtlr, bl hgmKlrlg slphrhtlm; sbl rlturglm ta @rhzij, wblrl sblmivimls blr tifl `ltwllg tbl îrhb vijjhcl hgm

hg hphrtflgt ig ârta Uljba. Bl favlm `hok tatbl \gitlm _thtls jhst hjj ta `lcig tbl glw da` htIjjigais _thtl. amhy, Lvlrltt shys tbht bis tbrllylhrs ig tbl dugcjl wlrl bhrmjy tifl whstlm. ]isglw `lciggigc witb tbl îrhb rlhjjy whs quitlji`lrhtigc, bl tajm fl. Erll raf Obafskyhgoagstrhigts, I whs h`jl ta ifhcigl glw rljhtiagsbips`ltwllg crhffhr hgm oujturl.

It is h fhttlr a safl vlxhtiag ta Lvlrltt tbht tblrst hrtiojl ag tbl îrhb ta httrhot sicgi ohgt

httlgtiag whs writtlg gat `y bif ùt `y bisrilgm (hgm arflr oajjlhcul ht tbl \givlrsity a

îttsùrcb) ^ltlr Carmag, gaw ht Oajufìh, wbaig 0>>= pu`jisblm h phplr ig _oilgol ag tbl irhbsugmlrsthgmigc a guf`lrs. Carmag bhm visitlmtbl tri`l witb Lvlrltt ig tbl lhrjy gigltils, h lrLvlrltt tajm bif hàut tbl îrhbs jifitlm agl,twa, hgm fhgy oaugtigc systlf. Atblr tri`ls,ig Hustrhjih, tbl _autb _lh Isjhgms, H rioh, hgmtbl Hfhzag, bhvl h agl-twa-fhgy guflriohjsystlf, ùt witb hg ifparthgt mi lrlgol4 tbly hrlh`jl ta jlhrg ta oaugt ig hgatblr jhgcuhcl. ]lîrhb bhvl glvlr `llg h`jl ta ma tbis, mlspitloagolrtlm l arts `y tbl Lvlrltts ta tlhob tblf taoaugt ta tlg ig ârtuculsl.

Murigc h twa-fagtb sthy witb tbl îrhb ig8990, Carmag rhg slvlrhj lxplriflgts witb tri`l

flf`lrs. Ig agl, bl sht horass raf h îrhbsu`dlot hgm pjholm ig ragt a bifslj hg hrrhy aa`dlotsguts, HH `httlrilshgm bhm tbl îrhbfhtob tbl hrrhy. ]l îrhb oaujm plr arf tblthsk hoourhtljy wblg tbl hrrhy oagsistlm a twaar tbrll itlfs, ùt tblir plr arfhgol witb jhrclrcraupigcs whs, Carmag jhtlr wratl, rlfhrkh`jypaar. Carmag hjsa sbawlm su`dlots guts, pjholmtblf ig h ohg, hgm witbmrlw tblf agl ht h tifl.Lhob tifl bl rlfavlm h gut, bl hsklm tbl su`dlotwbltblr tblrl wlrl hgy jl ig tbl ohg. ]l îrhbhgswlrlm oarrlotjy agjy witb quhgtitils a tbrllar lwlr. ]raucb tblsl hgm atblr tlsts, Carmagoagojumlm tbht Lvlrltt whs ricbt4 tbl plapjl oaujmgat plr arf thsks igvajvigc quhgtitils crlhtlr tbhgtbrll. Carmag rujlm aut fhss rlthrmhtiag. ]aucbtbl îrhb ma gat hjjaw fhrrihcl autsiml tblirtri`l, tbly bhvl jagc klpt tblir clgl paaj rl rlsblm`y plrfittigc waflg ta sjllp witb autsimlrs.@lsimls, Carmag shim, i tblrl whs safl kigma Hpphjhobihg ig`rllmigc ar rlthrmhtiag caigcag, yaum sll it ig bhirjigls, hoihj lhturls, fatarhìjity. It `jllms avlr. ]ly magt sbaw hgy a tbht.


11/40

9

Carmag surfislm tbht tbl îrhb pravimlmsuppart ar h oagtravlrsihj bypatblsis hmvhgolmlhrjy ig tbl jhst olgtury `y @lgdhfig Jll Sbar , hstumlgt a _hpirs. Sbar hrculm tbht tbl warms igaur vaohùjhry mltlrfigl baw wl tbigk. _igol tblîrhb ma gat bhvl warms ar guf`lrs hàvl twa,Carmag wratl, tbly bhvl h jifitlm hìjity ta wark

witb quhgtitils crlhtlr tbhg tbht. Its jhgcuhclh lotigc tbaucbt, Carmag tajm fl. Bis phplr,Guflriohj Oacgitiag Sitbaut Sarms4 Lvimlgol

raf Hfhzagih, whs lgtbusihstiohjjy thklg up `yh oatlril a gla-Sbar hg jigcuists hraugm tblwarjm.

Lvlrltt mim gat sbhrl tbis lgtbusihsf; ig tbl tlgylhrs sigol bl bhm igtramuolm Carmag ta tbl tri`l,bl bhm mltlrfiglm tbht tbl îrhb bhvl ga xlmguf`lrs. ]l warm tbht bl bhm jagc thklg taflhg agl (bai, ag h hjjigc tagl) is uslm `y tblîrhb ta rl lr, farl clglrhjjy, ta h sfhjj sisl arhfaugt, hgm tbl warm ar twa (bai, ag h risigctagl) is a lg uslm ta flhg h saflwbht jhrclr sislar hfaugt. Lvlrltt shys tbht bis lhrjilr oag usiaghrasl avlr wbhts kgawg hs tbl trhgsjhtiag hjjhoy4tbl oagviotiag tbht h warm ig agl jhgcuhcl isimlgtiohj ta h warm ig hgatblr, sifpjy `lohusl, igsafl igsthgols, tbly avlrjhp ig flhgigc. Carmagbhm flgtiaglm tbl ljhstio augmhrils a tbl warms

ar agl hgm twa ig bis phplr, ùt ig Lvlrlttsapigiag bl bhm hijlm ta lxpjarl tbl sicgi ohgola tbl pblgaflgag. (Carmag mishcrlls, hgm ar h`ril plriam tbl twa mim gat splhk.)

_bartjy h lr Carmags hrtiojl hpplhrlm, Lvlrltt`lchg autjigigc h phplr oarrlotigc wbht bl`ljilvlm wlrl Carmags lrrars. Its soapl crlw hs

Lvlrltt oagojumlm tbht tbl irhbs jhok a guflrhjswhs phrt a h jhrclr oagstljjhtiag a chps. Avlrtbl oaursl a tbrll wllks, Lvlrltt wratl wbhtwaujm `loafl bis Oujturhj Hgtbrapajacy hrtiojl,twlgty- vl tbaushgm warms ig wbiob bl hmvhgolmh gavlj lxpjhghtiag ar tbl fhgy fystlrils tbhtbhm `lmlvijjlm bif. Igspirlm `y _hpirs oujturhjhpprahob ta jhgcuhcl, bl bypatblsislm tbht tbltri`l lfàmils h jivigc-ig-tbl-prlslgt ltbas sapawlr uj tbht it bhs h lotlm lvlry hsplot a tblplapjls jivls. Oaffittlm ta hg lxistlgol ig wbiobagjy a`slrvh`jl lxplrilgol is rlhj, tbl îrhb magat tbigk, ar splhk, ig h`strhotiagshgm tbusma gat usl oajar tlrfs, quhgti lrs, guf`lrs, arfytbs. Lvlrltt paigtlm ta tbl warm xiìpa hs h ojulta baw tbl irhb plrolivl rlhjity sajljy hooarmigcta wbht lxists witbig tbl augmhrils a tblir mirlotlxplrilgolwbiob Lvlrltt ml glm hs hgytbigctbht tbly ohg sll hgm blhr, ar tbht saflagl jivigcbhs sllg hgm blhrm.

Sblg saflagl whjks hraugm h `lgm ig tbl rivlr,tbl îrhb shy tbht tbl plrsag bhs gat sifpjycagl hwhy ùt xiìpacagl aut a lxplrilgol,

Lvlrltt shim. ]ly usl tbl shfl pbrhsl wblg hohgmjl ffhfl ffioklrs. ]l jicbt cals ig hgm aut alxplrilgol.

a Lvlrltt, tbl îrhbs ugswlrvigc mlmiohtiag talfpiriohj rlhjitybl ohjjlm it tbl ifflmihoy-a -lxplrilgol prigoipjllxpjhiglm tblir rlsisthgol

ta Obristihgity, sigol tbl îrhb bhm hjwhys rlhotlmta starils hàut Obrist `y hskigc, Bhvl yau flttbis fhg1 ajm tbht Obrist milm twa tbaushgmylhrs hca, tbl îrhb waujm rlhot fuob hs tblymim ta fy usigc ùc rlpljjlgt. It lxpjhiglm tblir

hijurl ta ùijm up aam staoks, sigol tbis rlquirlmpjhggigc ar h uturl tbht mim gat ylt lxist; itlxpjhiglm tbl hijurl a tbl àys famlj hirpjhglsta astlr h trhmitiag a soujpturl-fhkigc, sigol tblfamljs lxprlsslm agjy tbl faflgthry ùrst alxoitlflgt tbht hooafphgilm tbl sicbt a hg hotuhjpjhgl. It lxpjhiglm tbl îrhbs jhok a aricighjstarils hàut baw tbly ohfl igta `ligc, sigol tbiswhs h oagugmruf ùrilm ig h phst autsiml tbllxplrilgol a phrlgts hgm crhgmphrlgts.

Lvlrltt whs oagvigolm tbht tbl îrhbsifflmihoy-a -lxplrilgol prigoipjl wlgt urtblrstijj, lxtlgmigc its tlgthojls, hs bl put it, mllpigta tblir oarl crhffhr, ta tbht lhturl tbhtObafsky ojhiflm whs prlslgt ig hjj jhgcuhcls4rloursiag. Obafsky hgm atblr lxplrts usl tbltlrf ta mlsori`l baw wl oagstruot lvlg tblsifpjlst uttlrhgols. ]l cirj dufplm ag tbl `lmis oafpaslm a h gaug pbrhsl (tbl cirj), h vlr`(dufplm), hgm h prlpasitiaghj pbrhsl (ag tbl`lm). Ig tblary, hs Obafsky bhs strlsslm, agloaujm oagtigul ta igslrt obugks a jhgcuhcl igsimlatblr obugks hm ig gituf, tblrl`y orlhtigc h

glvlr-lgmigc slgtlgol (]l fhg wba is wlhrigch tap bht tbht is sjicbtjy orusblm hraugm tbl `rifhjtbaucb stijj plr lotjy ljlchgt is whjkigc mawgtbl strllt tbht whs rlolgtjy rlsur holm `y h orlwa oagstruotiag warklrs wba tlgmlm ta thkl oa ll`rlhks tbht wlrl h jittjl taa jagc wbijl lhtigc h batmac tbht whs . . .). Ar agl oaujm orlhtl slgtlgolsa glvlr-lgmigc vhrilty. ]l ohphoity ta clglrhtlugjifitlm flhgigc `y pjhoigc agl tbaucbt igsimlhgatblr is tbl orux a Obafskys tblarywbhtbl ohjjs, quatigc tbl lhrjy-gigltllgtb-olgturyClrfhg jigcuist Sijbljf vag Bufàjmt, tblig gitl usl a gitl flhgs.

Hooarmigc ta Lvlrltt, bawlvlr, tbl îrhb ma gatusl rloursiag ta igslrt pbrhsls agl igsiml hgatblr.Igstlhm, tbly sthtl tbaucbts ig misorltl ugits.Sblg I hsklm Lvlrltt i tbl îrhb oaujm shy, igtblir jhgcuhcl, I shw tbl mac tbht whs mawg `ytbl rivlr clt ìttlg `y h sghkl, bl shim, Ga. ]lywaujm bhvl ta shy, I shw tbl mac. ]l mac whs ht tbl`lhob. H sghkl it tbl mac. Lvlrltt lxpjhiglm tbht`lohusl tbl îrhb hoolpt hs rlhj agjy tbht wbiobtbly a`slrvl, tblir spllob oagsists agjy a mirlot


12/40

8>

hsslrtiags (]l mac whs ht tbl `lhob), hgm blfhigthigs tbht lf`lmmlm ojhusls (tbht whs mawg`y tbl rivlr) hrl gat hsslrtiags ùt suppartigc,quhgti yigc, ar quhji yigc ig arfhtiagig atblrwarms, h`strhotiags.

Ig bis hrtiojl, Lvlrltt hrculm tbht rloursiag is

prifhrijy h oacgitivl, gat h jigcuistio, trhit. Bloitlm hg igffulgtihj 8950 hrtiojl, ]l Hrobitloturla Oafpjlxity, `y Blr`lrt _ifag, h Ga`lj ^risl-wiggigc loagafist, oacgitivl psyobajacist, hgmoafputlr soilgtist, wba hsslrtlm tbht lf`lmmigclgtitils witbig jikl lgtitils (ig h rloursivl trllstruoturl a tbl typl olgtrhj ta Obafskyhgjigcuistios) is sifpjy baw plapjl ghturhjjy archgislig arfhtiag. Fiorasa Sarm is archgislm `y trllstruoturls, Lvlrltt shim. Yau aplg up agl ajmlrhgm tbht spjits igta twa atblr tbigcs, hgm tbht spjitsigta twa atblrs. ]hts h trll struoturl. _ifaghrculs tbht tbis is lsslgtihj ta tbl why bufhgsarchgisl ig arfhtiag hgm is augm ig hjj bufhgigtljjiclgol systlfs. I _ifag is oarrlot, tblrlmalsgt gllm ta `l hgy sploi o jigcuistio prigoipjl

ar tbis `lohusl its dust clglrhj oacgitiag. Ar,hs Lvlrltt safltifls jikls ta put it4 ]l hìjityta put tbaucbts igsiml atblr tbaucbts is dust tblwhy bufhgs hrl, `lohusl wlrl sfhrtlr tbhgatblr sploils. Lvlrltt shys tbht tbl îrhb bhvltbis oacgitivl trhit ùt tbht it is h`slgt raf tblirsygthx lohusl a oujturhj oagstrhigts.

_afl sobajhrs `ljilvl tbht Lvlrltts ojhif tbhttbl îrhb ma gat usl rloursiag is thgthfaugtta ohjjigc tblf stupim. _tlpblg Jlvigsag, tblgla-Sbar hg mirlotar a tbl Jhgcuhcl hgmOacgitiag Craup ht tbl Fhx ^jhgok Igstitutl ar

^syobajigcuistios, ig tbl Gltblrjhgms, lxoarihtlmLvlrltt ig prigt ar bhvigc fhml tbl irhb saugmjikl tbl figmjlss lhrlrs a hg hjfast su`bufhgjysifpjl oujturl. Hggh Silrzìokh, h jigcuist ht tblHustrhjihg Ghtiaghj \givlrsity, whs hjsa trau`jlm`y tbl phplr, hgm tajm fl, I tbigk raf tbl paigta vilw a I magt kgawbufhg sajimhrity,bufhg ricbts, hgm sa ag, its rlhjjy vlry ifparthgtta kgaw tbht its h qulstiag tbht fhgy plapjl magtmhrl ta rhisl, wbltblr wl bhvl tbl shfl oacgitivlhìjitils ar gat, wl bufhgs.

Lvlrltt misfisslm suob oritioisfs, sigol bllxprlssjy sthtls ig tbl hrtiojl tbht tbl ugusuhjhsplots a tbl îrhb hrl gat h rlsujt a flgthjml oilgoy. H irhb obijm rlfavlm raf tbl dugcjlht ìrtb hgm `raucbt up ig hgy oity ig tbl warjm,bl shim, waujm bhvl ga trau`jl jlhrgigc tbl jaohjtagcul. Farlavlr, Lvlrltt paigtlm aut, tbl îrhbhrl suprlfljy ci lm ig hjj tbl whys glolsshry taigsurl tblir oagtigulm survivhj ig tbl dugcjl4 tblykgaw tbl usl ujglss hgm jaohtiag a hjj ifparthgtpjhgts ig tblir hrlh; tbly ugmlrsthgm tbl `lbhviar

a jaohj hgifhjs hgm baw ta ohtob hgm hvaim tblf;hgm tbly ohg whjk igta tbl dugcjl ghklm, witb gataajs ar wlhpags, hgm whjk aut tbrll mhys jhtlrwitb `hsklts a ruit, guts, hgm sfhjj chfl. ]lyohg aut-survivl hgyàmy, hgy atblr Igmihg ig tbisrlciag, bl shim. ]lyrl vlry igtljjiclgt plapjl.It glvlr waujm aoour ta fl tbht shyigc tbly jhok

tbigcs tbht Jlvigsag ar Silrzìokh prlmiot tblysbaujm bhvl is ohjjigc tblf figmjlss imiats.

Ear Lvlrltt, tbl fast ifparthgt rlhotiag ta tblhrtiojl whs Obafskys. Ig hg l-fhij ta Lvlrlttjhst Hprij, Obafsky rldlotlm Lvlrltts hrcuflgtstbht tbl îrhbs jhok a rloursiag is h stragcoaugtlrlxhfpjl ta bis tblary a ugivlrshjcrhffhr, writigc, \C is tbl trul tblary a tblclgltio oafpaglgt tbht ugmlrjils hoquisitiaghgm usl a jhgcuhcl. Bl hmmlm tbht tblrl is gaoablrlgt hjtlrghtivl ta \C. Obafsky mlojiglmta `l igtlrvilwlm ar tbis hrtiojl, ùt rl lrrlm flta îrhb Lxolptiaghjity4 H Plhsslssflgt, hphplr tbht whs oa-hutbarlm `y Mhvim ^lsltsky, hoajjlhcul a Obafskys ht F.I. .; Hgmrlw Glvigs,h jigcuist ht Bhrvhrm; hgm Oijlgl Pamriculs, hjigcuist ht \GIOHF^. Ig tbl phplr, wbiob whspastlm jhst fagtb ag tbl Sl` sitl Jigc@uzz, hrlpasitary a hrtiojls ag Obafskyhg clglrhtivlcrhffhr, tbl hutbars uslm mhth raf Lvlrltts 892?^b.M. misslrthtiag, hs wljj hs raf h phplr tbht blpu`jisblm ag îrhb ig 8925, ta rl utl bis rlolgtojhifs hàut tbl jhgcuhcls ugusuhj lhturlsigojumigc tbl hsslrtiag tbht tbl îrhb ma gat uslrloursiag. ]l hutbars oagolmlm tbht, lvlg igtblsl lhrjy warks, Lvlrltt bhm gatlm tbl h`slgol aolrthig rloursivl struoturls ig îrhb. (]l tri`l,Lvlrltt wratl ig tbl lhrjy licbtils, mals gat lf`lm

passlssivls igsiml agl hgatblr, hs Lgcjisb splhklrsma wblg tbly shy, afs ugojls ohrs wigmsbiljm. . .). Glvlrtbljlss, tbly hrculm, Lvlrltts lhrjymhth succlstlm tbht tbl îrhbs spllob mim oagthigrloursivl aplrhtiags.

]l hot tbht Lvlrltt bhm oajjlotlm tbl mhthtwlgty- vl ylhrs hca, wblg bl whs h mlvatll aObafskys tblary, whs irrljlvhgt, ^lsltsky tajm flig hg l-fhij. Ht hgy rhtl, ^lsltsky wratl, bl hgmbis oa-hutbars mltlotlm ga sicg a h phrtioujhrjyObafskyhg plrsplotivl ig tbl mlsoriptivlpartiags a Lvlrltts lhrjy writigcs, hmmigc, Eartbl fast phrt, tbasl warks hrl hàut hots, hgm tblohtlcarizigc a hots.

Lvlrltt, wba twa wllks hca pastlm h rlspagsl ta^lsltsky hgm bis oa-hutbars ag Jigc@uzz, shys tbhtObafskys tblary glolsshrijy oajarlm bis mhth-chtblrigc hgm hghjysis. Mlsoriptivl wark hphrt

raf tblary mals gat lxist, bl tajm fl. Sl hsktbl qulstiags tbht aur tblarils tljj us ta hsk. Igbis rlspagsl ag Jigc@uzz, Lvlrltt hmmrlsslm bisoritios hrcuflgts paigt `y paigt hgm misputlm tbl


13/40

88

oagtlgtiag tbht bis lhrjy wark whs farl rljih`jltbhg bis ourrlgt rlslhrob hs h cuiml ta îrhb.I waujm gm tbl appasitl trau`jigci.l., tbhth rlslhroblr glvlr obhgclm tblir figm ar augmlrrars ig tblir lhrjilr wark, bl wratl. Bl hmmlm,]lrl hrl hjtlrghtivls ta \givlrshj Crhffhr,hgm tbl hot tbht G^PGlvigs, ^lsltsky, hgm

Pamriculsigsist ag obhrhotlrizigc tbl issul hstbaucb tblrl wlrl ga hjtlrghtivls, hjtbaucb typiohj,is litblr icgarhgt ar purpasljy fisjlhmigc.

Ig h oafflgt ag Lvlrltts phplr pu`jisblm igOujturhj Hgtbrapajacy, Fiobhlj afhsljja, tblmirlotar a tbl Mlphrtflgt a Mlvljapflgthjhgm Oafphrhtivl ^syobajacy ht tbl Fhx ^jhgokIgstitutl ar Lvajutiaghry Hgtbrapajacy, igJlipzic, lgmarslm Lvlrltts oagojusiags tbht oujturlohg sbhpl oarl crhffhr. @lohusl tbl îrhb thjkhàut mi lrlgt tbigcs [tbhg wl maV, mi lrlgttbigcs clt crhffhtiohjislm, bl wratl, hmmigc tbhtugivlrshj crhffhr whs h caam try, hgm it rlhjjywhs gat sa ifpjhusi`jl ht tbl tifl it whs prapaslm,ùt sigol tblg wl bhvl jlhrglm h jat hàut fhgymi lrlgt jhgcuhcls, hgm tbly sifpjy ma gat t aglugivlrshj oaakil outtlr.

_tlvlg igklr, tbl Bhrvhrm oacgitivl soilgtist, wbawratl hmfirigcjy hàut safl a Obafskys imlhsig bis 899= `lst-sljjlr, ]l Jhgcuhcl Igstigot,tajm fl, ]lrls h jat a strhgcl stu caigc ag igtbl Obafskyhg pracrhf. Bls h curu, bl fhklspragaugolflgts tbht bis misoipjls hoolpt ag hitbhgm tbht bl malsgt llj oafpljjlm ta ml lgm igtbl oagvlgtiaghj soilgti o fhgglr. _afl a tblf`loafl hoolptlm witbig bis oirojl hs Cams trutbwitbaut rlhjjy `ligc praplrjy lvhjuhtlm, hgm,

surprisigcjy ar saflagl wba thjks hàut ugivlrshjcrhffhr, bl bhsgt hotuhjjy magl tbl sphmlwark aslligc baw it warks ig safl wlirm jittjl jhgcuhcltbht tbly splhk ig Glw Cuiglh.

îgklr shys tbht bis awg mau`ts hàut tblObafskyhg pracrhf igorlhslm ig 0>>0, wblgFhro Bhuslr, Obafsky, hgm loufslb Eitobpu`jisblm tblir phplr ag rloursiag ig _oilgol.]l hutbars wratl tbht tbl mistigotivl lhturl atbl bufhg houjty a jhgcuhcl, ghrrawjy ml glm,is rloursiag. Macs, sthrjigcs, wbhjls, parpaisls,hgm obifphgzlls hjj usl vaohjjy clglrhtlm saugmsta oaffugiohtl witb atblr flf`lrs a tblirsploils, ùt gagl ma sa rloursivljy, hgm tbus gaglohg pramuol oafpjlx uttlrhgols a ig gitljy vhrilm flhgigc. Ploursiag bhm hjwhys `llg hgifparthgt phrt a Obafskys tblary, îgklr shim.@ut ig Obafsky Fhrk II, ar Fhrk III, ar FhrkUII, bl hjj a h summlg shim tbht tbl agjy tbigcugiqul ta jhgcuhcl is rloursiag. Its gat dust tbhtits tbl ugivlrshj tbht bhs ta `l tblrl; its tbl fhcioigcrlmilgt tbht fhkls jhgcuhcl passi`jl.

Ig lhrjy 0>>


14/40

80

fhgglr, awls bis ugusuhj rst ghfl ta bis hgolstar,tbl Oivij Shr clglrhj Sijjihf loufslb _blrfhg.Eitob httlgmlm @rawg \givlrsity hgm lhrglm h^b.M. tblrl. Hs h iajacist witb h sploihj igtlrlst ighgifhj oaffugiohtiag, Eitob misoavlrlm tbht rlmmllr passlss h mlsolgmlm jhrygx, hg hghtafiohj

lhturl tbht soilgtists bhm prlviausjy `ljilvlm

whs ugiqul ta bufhg `ligcs hgm olgtrhj ta tblmlvljapflgt a spllob. (]l mlsolgmlm jhrygx bhssigol `llg augm ig kahjhs, jiags, ticlrs, dhcuhrs,hgm jlaphrms.) Eitob, lhclr ta ugmlrsthgm bawbufhgs hoquirlm jhgcuhcl, turglm ta jigcuistioshgm whs surprislm ta jlhrg tbht Obafsky bhmwrittlg jittjl hàut tbl qulstiag. @ut ig 8999 Eitobbhpplglm ta rlhm hg igtlrvilw tbht Obafsky bhmcivlg ta _phrl Obhgcl Glws, h glwsphplr ar tblbafljlss ig Ohf`rimcl. I rlhm it hgm hjj tbl stubl shim hàut lvajutiag whs hjfast farl tbhg blslvlr shim ig hgy pu`jisblm tbigchgm blrl it isig _phrl Obhgcl! Eitob shim. Hgm bl dust fhmlh lw paigts tbht fhml fl rlhjisl wbht blm `llgclttigc ht ig h farl lgicfhtio hsbiag ig safl abis prlviaus oafflgts. Eitob igvitlm Obafskyta splhk ta h ojhss tbht bl whs oa-tlhobigc htBhrvhrm ag tbl lvajutiag a jhgcuhcl. H lrwhrm,tbly thjklm ar slvlrhj baurs. H lw fagtbs jhtlr,Obafsky hcrllm ta oajjhàrhtl witb Eitob hgmBhuslr ag h phplr tbht waujm httlfpt ta pigpaigttbl lhturls a jhgcuhcl wbiob hrl ugiqul tabufhgs hgm wbiob hjjawlm Bafa shpilgs tamlvljap jhgcuhcl. ]l hutbars oafphrlm hgifhjhgm bufhg oaffugiohtiag, ljifightigc tblhsplots a vaohjizhtiag tbht hrl sbhrlm y atb, hgmoagojumlm tbht agl aplrhtiag hjagl mistigcuisblmbufhg spllob4 rloursiag. Ig tbl oaursl a warkigcag tbl hrtiojl, Eitob crlw syfphtbltio ta Obafskys

imlhs hgm `lohfl hg hrtioujhtl ml lgmlr a tbltblary a ugivlrshj crhffhr.

Sblg Eitob hgm Lvlrltt flt ig ârta Uljba igDujy, twa mhys `l arl blhmigc igta tbl dugcjl, tblysllflm, `y thoit hcrllflgt, ta `l hvaimigc thjk aObafsky. @ut, ag tbl lvl a aur mlphrturl, wbijlwl wlrl sittigc `y tbl paaj ht tbl Batlj Uijh Pioh,Lvlrltt flgtiaglm twa pra lssars wba, bl shim,wlrl hfagc tbl tbrll fast hrrachgt plapjl Ivlflt.

Sbas tbl tbirm1 Eitob hsklm.

Gahf, Lvlrltt shim.

Ga! Eitob orilm. Civlg bis sthtus ig soilgol,Obafsky is tbl jlhst hrrachgt fhg, tbl buf`jlstcrlht fhg, Ivl lvlr flt.

Lvlrltt whs bhvigc gagl a it. Gahf Obafskytbigks a bifslj hs Hristatjl! bl mlojhrlm. Bl bhsmuc h bajl ar jigcuistios tbht it wijj thkl mlohmls

ar tbl misoipjigl ta ojif` aut a !

]l flg hrculm ar tbl glxt twa baurs, tbaucb`y tbl tifl tbly phrtlm ar tbl gicbt oivijity bhm`llg rlstarlm, hgm tbl mtlgtl whs stijj bajmigcwblg tbly flt ig tbl îrhb vijjhcl tbl glxt mhyhgm hcrllm ta `lcig lxplriflgts tbl ajjawigcfargigc.

Ht sugrisl, h craup a safl twlgty irhb chtblrlmautsiml Lvlrltts bausl. ]ly wlrl ta `l phim

ar tblir wark hs lxplriflgthj su`dlotswitbta`hooa, ojatb, hrigh, hgm fhobltls. Hgm, `ljilvlfl, Lvlrltt shim, tbhts tbl agjy rlhsag tblyrlblrl. ]ly bhvl ga igtlrlst ig wbht wlrl maigc.]lyrl bugtlr-chtblrlrs, hgm tbly sll us dust jikl

ruit trlls ta chtblr raf.

Eitob wlgt aut witb Lvlrltt igta tbl tbiok blht,ohrryigc bis jhptap. ]l twa flg, trhijlm `y tblîrhb, ajjawlm h ghrraw phtb tbraucb tbl jawugmlr`rusb ta Lvlrltts a ol, h sfhjj but, rhislma tbl craugm ag aur- aat-bicb stijts, ht tbl lmcla tbl dugcjl. Eitob pjholm bis oafputlr ag tblmlsk hgm jhugoblm h pracrhf tbht bl bhm splgtslvlrhj wllks writigc ig prlphrhtiag ar tbis trip.

Eitobs lxplriflgts wlrl `hslm ag tbl sa-ohjjlmObafsky bilrhroby, h systlf ar ojhssi yigctypls a crhffhr, rhgklm ig hsolgmigc armlr aoafpjlxity. a tlst tbl îrhbs hìjity ta jlhrgagl a tbl sifpjlst typls a crhffhr, Eitob bhmwrittlg h pracrhf ig wbiob crhffhtiohjjy oarrlotoagstruotiags wlrl rlprlslgtlm `y h fhjl vaioluttlrigc agl gagslgsl syjjh`jl (fi ar mab ar ch,

ar igsthgol), ajjawlm y h lfhjl vaiol uttlrigc h

mi lrlgt gagslgsl syjjh jl (jll ar th ar cll). Oarrlotoagstruotiags waujm ohusl hg hgifhtlm fagklyblhm ht tbl àttaf a tbl oafputlr sorllg ta ffahtta h oarglr ht tbl tap a tbl sorllg h lr `rilffymishpplhrigc; igoarrlot oagstruotiags (hgytiflagl fhjl syjjh`jl whs ajjawlm `y hgatblr fhjlsyjjh`jl ar farl tbhg agl lfhjl syjjh`jl) waujmfhkl tbl fagkly blhm ffaht ta tbl appasitl oarglr.Eitob slt up h sfhjj micithj favil ohflrh `lbigmtbl jhptap ta jf tbl îrhbs lyl favlflgts. Igtbl lw sloagms mljhy `l arl tbl fagkly blhmffahtlm ta litblr oarglr a tbl sorllg, Eitob baplmtbht bl waujm `l h`jl ta mltlrfigl, raf tblmirlotiag a tbl su`dlots ugoagsoiaus cjhgols, itbly wlrl jlhrgigc tbl crhffhr. ]l lxplriflgt,usigc mi lrlgt stifuji, bhm `llg oagmuotlm witbugmlrcrhmuhtls hgm fagklys, hjj a wbaf phsslmtbl tlst. Eitob tajm fl tbht bl bhm jittjl mau`t tbhttbl îrhb waujm phss. Fy lxplothtiag oafigcig blrl is tbht tblyrl caigc ta hot dust jikl fyBhrvhrm ugmlrcrhms, bl shim. ]lyrl caigc tama lxhotjy wbht lvlry atblr bufhg bhs magl hgmtblyrl caigc ta clt tbis `hsio phttlrg.]l îrhb hrl bufhgsbufhgs ohg ma tbis.


15/40

8?

Eitob ohjjlm ar tbl rst su`dlot.

Lvlrltt stlpplm autsiml tbl but hgm spakl ta h sbartfusoujhr fhg witb h àwj-sbhplm bhirout hgmblhvijy ohjjauslm `hrl llt. ]l fhg lgtlrlm tblbut hgm sht mawg ht tbl oafputlr, wbiob prafptjy

orhsblm. Eitob rlàatlm. It orhsblm hchig.Its tbl bufimity, Lvlrltt shim.

Eitob ghjjy cat tbl oafputlr warkigc, ùt tblgtbl vimla ohflrh slislm up.

Cammhf Obafskyhg, Lvlrltt shim. Ohgt lvlgrug hg lxplriflgt.

Lvlgtuhjjy, Eitob cat hjj tbl lquipflgt ruggigcsfaatbjy hgm sthrtlm tbl lxplriflgt. It quiokjy`lohfl a`viaus tbht tbl îrhb fhg whs sifpjywhtobigc tbl ffahtigc fagkly blhm hgm whsgtrlspagmigc ta tbl humia ouls.

It mimgt jaak jikl bl whs maigc prlfagitaryjaakigc, Eitob shim. Fhy`l hsk bif ta paigt tawblrl bl tbigks tbl fagkly is caigc ta ca.

]ly magt paigt, Lvlrltt shim. Gar, bl hmmlm, matbly bhvl warms ar ricbt hgm jl . Igstlhm, tblycivl mirlotiags ig h`sajutl tlrfs, tljjigc atblrs tablhm uprivlr ar mawgrivlr, ar ta tbl arlstar hwhy raf tbl arlst. Lvlrltt tajm tbl fhgta shy wbltblr tbl fagkly whs caigc uprivlr armawgrivlr. ]l fhg shim safltbigc ig rlpjy.

Sbht mim bl shy1 Eitob hsklm.Bl shim, Fagklys ca ta tbl dugcjl.

Eitob crifholm ig rustrhtiag. Sljj, bls gatculssigc witb bis lyls, bl shim. Is tblrl hgatblrwhy bl ohg igmiohtl1

Lvlrltt hchig tajm tbl fhg ta shy wbltblr tblfagkly whs caigc uprivlr ar mawg. ]l fhg fhmlh gaisl a hsslgt. Eitob rlsuflm tbl lxplriflgt, uttbl fhg sifpjy whitlm ugtij tbl fagkly favlm.Bl ajjawlm it witb bis lyls, jhucblm hmfirigcjywblg it ohfl ta h stap, tblg hggaugolm wbltblr itbhm cagl uprivlr ar mawg.

H lr slvlrhj figutls a tbis, Eitob shim, ag h risigcgatl a phgio, I tbly hij ig tbl rloursiag aglitsgat rloursiag; Ivl cat ta stap shyigc tbht. I flhglf`lmmigc. @lohusl, I flhg, i bl ohgt clt tbis

]is is typiohj îrhb, Lvlrltt shim saatbigcjy.]is is glw stu , hgm tbly magt ma glw stu .

@ut wblg tblyrl bugtigc tbly fust bhvl tbaslskijjs a visuhj hgtioiphtiag, Eitob shim.

Ylhb, Lvlrltt shim mryjy. @ut tbis is gat h rlhjfagkly. Bl paigtlm ht tbl criggigc hgifhtlmblhm à`ìgc ag tbl sorllg.

Euok! Eitob shim. I Im bhm h daystiok ar bifta bugt tbl fagkly! Bl pholm h jittjl, tblg shim,]l orhzy tbigc is tbht tbis is hjrlhmy farl rlhjistiotbhg tbl lxplriflgts Hsjig mim witb `hìls.

Jaak, Lvlrltt shim, tbl oacgitivl issul blrl istbl oujturhj ifplmiflgt ta maigc glw tbigcs. Blmalsgt kgaw tblrls h phttlrg ta rloacgisl.

Lvlrltt misfisslm tbl fhg hgm hsklm hgatblrîrhb ta oafl igta tbl but. H yaugc fhg hpplhrlm,wlhrigc h crllg-hgm-yljjaw 0>>0 @rhzijihg SarjmOup sbirt, hgm sht ht tbl oafputlr. Lvlrltt tajmbif ta shy wbltblr tbl fagkly whs caigc ta cauprivlr ar mawgrivlr.

Eitob rhg tbl lxplriflgt. ]l fhg sfijlm hgmpaigtlm witb bis obig wblglvlr tbl fagkly blhmohfl ta rlst.

]l atblr imlh, Eitob shim, is i wl cat h ùgob atbl kims, hgm wbalvlr paigts rst clts h jajjipap.

]hts cat hg ljlflgt a oafpltitiag tbht tblywagt ca ar, Lvlrltt shim.

]l oafputlr orhsblm. Oagvigolm tbht tblrl whs hcjitob ig tbl sa whrl, Eitob pioklm up tbl fhobiglhgm ohrrilm it `hok ta tbl fhig bausl ta fhkl

rlphirs.]is is typiohj a ljmwark ig tbl Hfhzag, wbiobis wby fast plapjl magt ma it, Lvlrltt shim. @uttbl pra`jlf blrl is gat oacgitivl; its oujturhj. Blclsturlm tawhrm tbl îrhb fhg ht tbl th`jl. Dust`lohusl wlrl sittigc ig tbl shfl raaf malsgtflhg wlrl sittigc ig tbl shfl olgtury.

@y tbl glxt fargigc, Eitob bhm mlùcclm bissa whrl, ùt atblr mi oujtils plrsistlm. Aglsu`dlot, h fhg ig `jul gyjag ruggigc sbarts,icgarlm igstruotiags ta jistlg ta tbl syjjh`jls hgmhsklm qulstiags hàut tbl fagkly blhm4 Is tbhtru``lr1 Mals tbis fagkly bhvl h spausl1 Isit h fhg1 Hgatblr fhg ljj hsjllp fim-trihj (tbl vijjhclrs bhm llg up hjj gicbt riatausjy thjkigc hgmjhucbigch oaffag aoourrlgol ar h plapjl wbama gat jivl `y tbl ojaok). Flhgwbijl, l arts ta cltsu`dlots ta aous wlrl bhfplrlm y tbl atblr tri`lflf`lrs, wba bhm oajjlotlm autsiml tbl but hgmbljm jaum oagvlrshtiags tbht wlrl humi`jl tbraucbtbl sorllglm wigmaws.ztlvl _bljmag, Lvlrltts prlmlolssar ig tbl îrhb


16/40

8=

vijjhcl, bhm tajm fl a tbl obhjjlgcls bl holm igtbl jhtl sixtils wblg bl mim rlslhrob ag `lbhja @rlgt @lrjig hgm ^huj Khy (hg hgtbrapajacisthgm jigcuist ht tbl \givlrsity a Ohji argih ht@lrkljly), wba wlrl oajjlotigc mhth hàut oajars

raf igmiclgaus plapjls. _bljmag bhm oagojumlmtbht tbl îrhb tri`l bhs xlm oajar tlrfsh vilw

mujy lgsbriglm ig @lrjig hgm Khys àak @hsioOajar lrfs4 ]lir \givlrshjity hgm Lvajutiag(8959). Agjy jhtlr mim _bljmag rlhjisl tbht bis mhthwlrl ugrljih`jl. ajm ta qulstiag tri`l flf`lrsig isajhtiag, _bljmag bhm `llg ugh`jl ta ma sa`lohusl tbl tri`l rl uslm ta `l spjit up; flf`lrsbhm lhvlsmrapplm ag _bljmags igtlrvilws hgmoajjhàrhtlm ag hgswlrs. ]lir httituml whs Sbaohrls wbht tbl oajar is1 _bljmag tajm fl. @utwljj civl bif safltbigc `lohusl tbhts wbht blwhgts. ( amhy, _bljmag lgmarsls Lvlrltts ojhiftbht tbl tri`l bhs ga xlm oajar tlrfs.)

_bljmag shim tbht tbl îrhbs a`struotiagisthpprahob ta rlslhroblrs is h ml lgsivl clsturl.]ly bhvl `llg fhml ug a `y autsimlrs `lohusltbly ma tbigcs mi lrlgtjy, _bljmag tajm fl. Sitbrlslhroblrs wba magt splhk tblir jhgcuhcl, tblyfhkl ug, civigc rlhjjy `hm ig arfhtiag, tathjjywragc ig arfhtiag safltifls.

Ag tbl tbirm mhy, Eitob bhm curlm aut tbht bl whs`ligc bigmlrlm y safl a tbl shfl pra`jlfs tbht_bljmag bhm holm. ]ht fargigc, bl thoklm up`lmsbllts avlr tbl wigmaw sorllgs hgm mlfhgmlmtbht tbl tri`l rlfhig ht h misthgol raf tbl but.(_lvlrhj yhrms hwhy, Eitobs oausig, @ijj, lgtlrthiglmtbl craup `y pjhyigc Obhrjil ^hrklr tugls agbis iâm.) Ifflmihtljy, tbl tlstigc wlgt `lttlr.

Agl îrhb fhg sllflm ta fhkl hgtioiphtarylyl favlflgts, hjtbaucb it whs mi oujt ta tljj,`lohusl bis lyls wlrl bhrm ta fhkl aut ugmlr tblpu y jims, h lhturl typiohj a tbl flgs hols. Eitobtrilm tbl lxplriflgt ag h yaugc wafhg witb jhrcl,mhrk irisls, ut it whs gat ojlhr tbht blr lw oarrlotcjhgols wlrl hgytbigc ùt oaigoimlgthj. Jat arhgmaf jaaks, Lvlrltt futtlrlm. Its gat a`viaustbht tblyrl clttigc it litblr why, Eitob shim.

Ag tbl aurtb mhy, Eitob sllflm ta bit phy mirt.]l su`dlot whs h cirj a plrbhps sixtllg. Eaousslm,hjlrt, hgm ohjf, sbl sllflm ta crhsp tbl crhffhr,blr lyls favigc ta tbl oarrlot oarglr a tblsorllg ig hmvhgol a tbl fagklys blhm. Eitob whsmljicbtlm, hgm plrbhps rljilvlm; `l arl oafigc tatbl Hfhzag, bl bhm tajm fl tbht tbl hijurl a hîrhb ta plr arf tbis thsk waujm `l thgthfaugtta misoavlrigc h _hsquhtob.

Eitob mloimlm ta tlst tbl cirj ag h bicblr jlvlja tbl Obafsky bilrhroby, h pbrhsl-struoturlcrhffhr. Bl bhm mlvislm h pracrhf ig wbioboarrlot oagstruotiags oagsistlm a hgy guf`lr

a fhjl syjjh`jls ajjawlm `y hg lquhj guf`lra lfhjl syjjh`jls. Bhuslr, Obafsky, hgm Eitob,ig tblir 0>>0 phplr, bhm sthtlm tbht h pbrhsl-struoturl crhffhr, wbiob fhkls crlhtlr mlfhgmsag flfary hgm phttlrg rloacgitiag, rlprlslgtstbl figifuf augmhtiag glolsshry ar bufhgjhgcuhcl.

Eitob plr arflm slvlrhj prhotiol trihjs witb tblcirj ta tlhob blr tbl crhffhr. ]lg bl hgm Lvlrlttstlpplm `hok ta whtob. I tbis is warkigc, Eitobshim, wl oaujm try ta clt G._.E. fagly. ]is oaujm`l ìclvlg ar psyobajacy.

Ht tbl flgtiag a psyobajacyh misoipjigl tbhta lg lfpbhsisls tbl igffulgol a lgviragflgt ag`lbhviar hgm tbus is ht h rlfavl raf ObafskysghturisfLvlrltt jhucblm. Gaw bls `lciggigcta sll it fy why! bl shim.

]l cirj chzlm ht tbl sorllg hgm jistlglm hs tblBHJ-jikl oafputlr vaiols ffhtjy igtaglm tblflhgigcjlss syjjh`jls. Eitob pllrlm ht tbl ohflrhs vilw gmlr sorllg, tryigc ta misolrg wbltblr tblcirjs lyl favlflgts igmiohtlm tbht sbl ugmlrstaamtbl crhffhr. It whs ifpassi`jl ta shy. Eitobwaujm bhvl ta thkl tbl aathcl `hok ta _oatjhgm,wblrl it waujm `l vlttlm `y hg ifphrtihj past-mao vajugtllr, wba waujm soarl tbl ifhcls ag h tifljigl ohrl ujjy sygobragislm ta tbl saugmtrhok a tblspaklg syjjh`jls, sa tbht Eitob oaujm shy witbaut hmau`t wbltblr tbl su`dlots lyls bhm hgtioiphtlmtbl fagkly blhm, ar flrljy ajjawlm it. (Jhstwllk, Eitob shim tbht tbl mhth jaak prafisigc,ùt bl mlojiglm ta ljhàrhtl, plgmigc pu`jiohtiaga bis rlsujts.)

]ht lvlgigc, Lvlrltt igvitlm tbl irhb ta oafl tabis bafl ta whtob h favil4 ^ltlr Dhoksags rlfhkla Kigc Kagc. (Lvlrltt bhm misoavlrlm tbht tbltri`l javls favils tbht lhturl hgifhjs.) H lrgicbt hjj, ta tbl crigmigc saugm a tbl clglrhtar, horawm a tbirty ar sa irhb hsslf`jlm ag lgoblshgm ag tbl waamlg ffaar a Lvlrltts Igmihgraaf, h sorllglm-a slotiag a bis bausl wblrlbl oag gls tbl îrhb, awigc ta tblir tlgmlgoyta spit ag tbl ffaar. Lvlrltt bhm fhml papoarg,wbiob bl mistriùtlm ig h jhrcl àwj. ]lg blsthrtlm tbl favil, ojiokigc hblhm ta tbl solgl igwbiob Ghafi Shtts, rlprisigc Ehy Srhys rajl,is a lrlm hs h shori ol `y tbl tri`hj plapjl a hgugsploi lm _autb _lhs isjhgm. ]l îrhb sbautlmwitb mljicbt, lhr, jhucbtlr, hgm surprislhgmwblg Kagc bifslj hrrivlm, sfhsbigc tbraucb tblphjf trlls, phgmlfagiuf lgsulm. _fhjj obijmrlg,wba bhm `llg sittigc ojasl ta tbl sorllg, dufplmup hgm sourrilm igta tblir fatblrs jhps; tbl hmujtsjhucblm hgm yljjlm ht tbl sorllg.

I Eitobs lxplriflgts wlrl igoagojusivl ag tbl


17/40

8>0 hgm rlturg ta hohmlfih. Bl whsmijiclgt hgm bl whs tryigc ta usl bis plrsplotivlhgm bis trhigigc, hgm I whtoblm tbl jhst ylhr tbhtwl wlrl tacltblr ig tbl vijjhclbl dust whs, jikl,]is is it. If aut a blrl. ]ht whs tbl ylhr I sthrtlmsigcigc, hgm bl shim, Mhfg it i If caigc ta jlhrgta sigc tbis jhgcuhcl! Hgm bl whs aut. Its tarflgt.It is tarflgtigc wblg yau bhvl h caam figm hgmyau ohgt orhok it. I shim, I magt ohrl, wlrl fissigcsafltbigc. Slvl cat ta jaak ht it raf h mi lrlgtplrsplotivl. Klrlg sbaak blr blhm. ^irhb bhs dust hjwhys `llg aut tblrl ml yigc lvlry jigcuisttbhts cagl aut tblrl, `lohusl yau ohgt sthrt ht tblslcflgt jlvlj hgm ca ag. Yaurl gat caigc ta gmaut hgytbigc, lohusl tbly rlhjjy ohg oaffugiohtlwitbaut tbl syjjh`jls.


18/40

85

Jhtlr tbht mhy, wblg Lvlrltt mravl fl ta tbl hirpart ig ârta Uljba, I tajm bif hàutfy oagvlrshtiag witb Klrlg. Bl sicblm. Klrlg bhs fhml trlflgmaus pracrlss, hgmIf surl sbl kgaws farl hàut fusiohj spllob tbhg I ma ht tbis paigt, bl shim. ]lrlspra`h`jy slvlrhj hrlhs a îrhb wblrl blr hotuhj kgawjlmcl lxollms figl. @ut its gat hjjtbl prasamy. ]hts tbl tbigc. Klrlgs plrsplotivl ag îrhb mlrivls raf blr fissiaghryifpujsls, bl shim. It waujm `l ifpassi`jl ar blr ta `ljilvl tbht wl kgaw tbl jhgcuhcl,`lohusl tbht waujm flhg tbht tbl Sarm a Cam malsgt wark.

Lvlrltt pujjlm igta tbl hirpart phrkigc jat. It whs ojlhr tbht thjkigc hàut Klrlg ohuslmbif oagsimlrh`jl phig. Bl mim gat whgt aur oagvlrshtiag ta lgm ag h quhrrlj witb blr. Blrlfigmlm fl tbht bis mishcrllflgt is witb Obafsky.

H jat a plapjls vilw a Obafsky is a tbl plrsag ig tbl jlhm ag tbl dugcjl phtb, Lvlrlttbhm tajm fl ig tbl îrhb vijjhcl. Hgm i hgyàmys jikljy ta gm tbl why bafl its bif. _atbly whgt ta sthy hs ojasl `lbigm bif hs passi`jl. Atblr plapjl shy, Euok tbht, If caigc taclt ag tbl rivlr hgm thkl fy ohgal.


19/40

83

Lgcjisb,jahgwarm obhfpiag

ae tbl warjm!Its tbl guf`lr-agl jlgmlr ae warms ta

atblr jhgcuhcls- ùt gat lvlryagl whgtsta àrraw tblf...

]lrl is gatbigc jikl visitigc Eigjhgm ta fhklhg Lgcjisb-splhklr hpprloihtl tbl vhjula warms àrrawlm raf atblr jhgcuhcls.Eiggisb, hs I jlhrglm murigc h trip lhrjilr tbisfagtb, is hg hccjutightivl jhgcuhcl, ig wbiobphrts a warms sthy mistigot igstlhm a usigctacltblr. ]is fhkls ar vlry jagc warms, jiklkhbmlgglksikyfflglgglksiybmlksgglksi(agl why ta shy 09, hooarmigc ta fy cuimlàak),hgm oagsimlrh`jl `lwijmlrflgt ar h visitar. afl, it ficbt hs wljj bhvl `llg Kjigcag, agjy witb

farl ufjhuts. Lvlry gaw hgm tblg, tbaucb, hjicbt waujm sbigl tbraucb tbl mhrkglss4 Im ohtobsafltbigc jikl bat daach ar fu lgsi ar crijjfhistlri, hgm sicb witb rljil .

Its h oaffag lxplrilgol ar Lgcjisb splhklrsh`rahm4 summlgjy rloacgizigc h hfijihr warm igh glwsphplr, ar ag h ìjjàhrm, ar ig h rhcflgta oagvlrshtiag. _igol Sarjm Shr II, Lgcjisb bhs`loafl `y hr tbl jlhmigc lxpartlr a jahgwarms,hs tblyrl kgawg, igojumigc glhrjy ugivlrshj tlrfsjikl AK, Igtlrglt, hgm bhfùrclr. ]l lxtlgt

ta wbiob h jhgcuhcl jahgs warms is h flhsurl aits prlsticl, shim Fhrtig Bhspljfhtb, h jigcuist httbl Fhx ^jhgok Igstitutl. Lgcjisb, ojlhrjy, is gawag tap.

@ut tbht if`hjhgol ohg ùijm rlslgtflgt. IgErhgol, tbl slorlthry a tbl Hohmlfil Erhghislohjjlm jhst Mlolf`lr ar h rloagqulst a tblErlgob jhgcuhcl raf jahgwarms; ig Obigh,cavlrgflgt- rilgmjy phplrs prigtlm sorllms tbissprigc hchigst Si-Ei, UI^, hgm l-fhij. Lvlghs fhgy cavlrgflgts wark ta pratlot jhgcuhcls

raf tbl sprlhm a Lgcjisb, bawlvlr, splhklrsig tbasl oaugtrils ca `jitbljy a ta bat daach,flhgigc tbht a oihj pajioy hgm tbl mhijy rlhjity aLgcjisb fhy `l vlry mi lrlgt tbigcs.

Jigcuistio jahgs ohg hpplhr ig h guf`lr a arfs4_afl ffaht ag tbl sur hol a h jhgcuhcl, wbijl atblrshrl farl igtlcrhtlm. @lohusl Lgcjisb hgm Dhphglslbhvl vlry mi lrlgt saugm systlfs, ar igsthgol,Dhphg a lg hmhpts warms ig whys tbht fhkl tblfglhrjy ugrloacgizh`jl ta Lgcjisb-splhklrs. `lr-Dhphglsl flmih rhgobisl âkfag hotuhjjy thklsits ghfl raf Lgcjisb (paoklt fagstlr). Dhphgspurarlsu is hgatblr h``rlvihtlm oafpaugm,

raf pra lssiaghj wrlstjigc; sifijhrjy, tbllxtrh syjjh`jls rlquirlm ta pragaugol Lgcjisboagsaghgts bhvl civlg risl ta purhsuobikku

(pjhstio) hgm urhi ( ry). ]lg tblrl hrl jahgswblrl h warm sthys igthot ut tbl flhgigc sbi s. Hsfakigc is Erlgob ar h tuxlma, hgm h mrlssfhgis h Clrfhg fhjl famlj. Obiglsl plapjl shy tblywhgt ta bicb wblg tbly whgt ta bhvl h (gag-mruc-rljhtlm) caam tifl.

Jahgwarms hrl ug ta trhok, raf tbl plrsplotivla tbl jahglr. @ut i yaurl tbl àrrawlr, tblrl ohg`l h lljigc a ml lht, tbht yauvl rljigquisblmyaur awg why a shyigc tbigcs. ]is bhs lmjigcuistio purisf4 httlfpts ta ojlhgsl jhgcuhclsa arlicg igffulgols, ar rlsist tblf ig tbl rstpjhol. _afltifls purisf plhks h lr h whr ar igh past-oajagihj situhtiag. _autb Karlh trilm ta ml-Dhphgi y its jhgcuhcl h lr Sarjm Shr II; tbl Igmihghgm hkisthgi cavlrgflgts trilm ta slphrhtl Bigmihgm \rmu h lr tblir phrtitiag. H purist hpprahobohg hjsa `l h sfhjjlr jhgcuhcls why a rlsistigcautsiml igffulgol. Ig Ioljhgm, tbl IoljhgmioJhgcuhcl Igstitutl prlslrvls tbl oaugtrys Uikigc-lrh jhgcuhcl y oa``jigc tacltblr glw tlrfs rafigmiclgaus raats. _afl Ghtivl Hflriohg craupsma tbl shfl ta rlsist Lgcjisb.


20/40

82

Obiglsl is hg ifplrihj jhgcuhcl tbht bhs hjwhysjahglm farl tbhg it àrrawlm. Ig tbl Fhx ^jhgokIgstitutls Sarjm Jahgwarm Mhth`hsl, FhgmhrigObiglsl bhs tbl jawlst plrolgthcl a àrrawigcsa hjj =8 jhgcuhcls stumilm, agjy 0 plrolgt.(Lgcjisb, witb agl a tbl bicblst, bhs =0 plrolgt.)Ig phrt `lohusl a tbl mi oujty a trhgsjhtigc

hjpbh`lt-`hslm jhgcuhcls igta Obiglsl obhrhotlrs,its oaffag ta sll wbht hrl ohjjlm ohjqulsgagpbagltio jitlrhj trhgsjhtiags jikl rl cau

ar bat mac ar zbi zbu rlg ar _pimlrfhg.Mlspitl (ar `lohusl a ) tbl vhst hppltitl hfagctbl Obiglsl ar jlhrgigc Lgcjisb hs h arlicgjhgcuhcl, Obiglsl figistlrs bhvl rlolgtjy orhoklmmawg ag jahgwarms. Hgm ylt Obiglsl plapjl stijjshy `hi`hi hgm sarry; l-fhij is dust h jat lhsilrtbhg mihgzi yaudihg, tbl a oihj su`stitutl.

Sblg jhgcuhcls hrl ujj a àrrawlm warms, itsa lg gat y obaiol. Pafhgy bhs fhgy jahgs lohusla h bistary a lxtrlfl fhrcighjizhtiag. Dhphg bhsh jagc trhmitiag a oujturhj àrrawigc; it whs hjsaaooupilm ar ylhrs h lr Sarjm Shr II. Uiltghf,

ajjawigc olgturils a suoolssivl aoouphtiags, bhsh bicb rhtl a Obiglsl hgm Erlgob jahgs prlshcigcfarl rlolgt Lgcjisb agls jikl ohgcuru, hooarmigcta tbl Fhx ^jhgok rlslhrob. Atblr jhgcuhcls hrlfarl mlji`lrhtljy aplg4 Hooarmigc ta rlslhrob`y Hggl-Jigl Crhlmjlr, hg Lgcjisb pra lssar htGarwhys Blmfhrk \givlrsity Oajjlcl, tbl Mhglshrl tbl fast wljoafigc _ohgmighvihg oaugtry tajahgs.

Fast jhgcuhcls hjj saflwblrl ig `ltwllg tbllxtrlfls. Fhgy Luraplhg oaugtrils wlgt tbraucbh plriam a jigcuistio ghtiaghjisf ig tbl 89tb

olgtury hgm oagtigul ta rlcujhtl jahgs tamhy.]l Jhgcuhcl Oaugoij a Garwhy, ar lxhfpjl,bhs orlhtlm a oihj Garwlcihg spljjigcs arLgcjisb jahgwarms sigol 8995hjtbaucb safl,jikl p`` (pu`), wlrl hpphrlgtjy rldlotlm `y tblGarwlcihg plapjl. Eigjhgm, hirjy aplg ta jahgs,bhs tbl Kiljitaifista, tbl Eiggisb Jhgcuhcl A ol,wbiob bljps orlhtl glajacisfs jikl plbflj(sfaatbil) hgm hmvisls ag baw ta hmhpt arlicgwarms igta Eiggisb. _fhjjlr Luraplhg jhgcuhclsjikl Ozlob, _javlgihg, hgm Orahtihg (witb itsmlz, ar dhzz, hgm bhrmvlr), bhvl trhmitiaghjjy`llg farl rlsisthgt tbhg jhrclr agls.

Its gat bhrm ta sll wby cavlrgflgts waujm sllkta ml lgm tblir jhgcuhcls. @ut safl jigcuiststbigk h sthugob hgti-Lgcjisb sthgol fhy `loaugtlrpramuotivl. rujy lgmhgclrlm jhgcuhclstlgm ta l lgorahoblm ag fastjy y tblir mafighgtclacrhpbio glicbàrs, shys _ljfh _aggthc, hpajitiohj soilgtist ht Bufàjmt _thtl \givlrsity wbastumils jhgcuhcl purist favlflgts4 ]l tbrlhtisgt raf Lgcjisb, its raf wbhtlvlr tbl a oihjjhgcuhcl is witbig tblir hrlh. Jigcuist Mhvim

Orysthj, hutbar a Lgcjisb hs h Cja`hj Jhgcuhcl,bhs writtlg hàut baw Sljsb-jhgcuhcl purisffhy l urtblrigc hg ljitisf tbht prlvlgts yaugclrsplhklrs raf hmaptigc tbl tagcul. Hgm its wartbgatigc tbht Lgcjisb awls fuob a its vithjity taits jagc bistary a àrrawigc raf Erlgob, Jhtig,Hrhìo, hgm prltty fuob hgy atblr jhgcuhcl it flt.

Jahgwarms...ma hjtlr [h jhgcuhclsV obhrhotlrùt is tbis h `hm tbigc1 Orysthj tajm fl. IfhciglLgcjisb witbaut Erlgob ar Jhtig jahgwarms. Ga_bhklsplhrl, ar h sthrt.

Sblg Lgcjhgm `lohfl hg lfpirl, Lgcjisb `lchgàrrawigc jlss hgm `lohfl tbl praji o warmjlgmlr it is tamhy, Bhspljfhtb tajm fl. I wlsthrt àrrawigc hchigtbl why Hrhìo stapplmlxpartigc warms ta tbl rlst a tbl warjm agol itslfpirl oruf`jlm hgm sthrtlm àrrawigc farl

raf Erlgob hgm Lgcjisbwljj kgaw wlvl sllgtbl hplx a aur oujturhj igffulgol. \gtij tblg, htjlhst wljj l h`jl ta gm h bat yach ojhss dust hàuthgywblrl ig tbl warjm.


21/40

89

Baw Fhgy Jhgcuhcls Is It âssi`jl ta Jlhrg1

H lr whtobigc tbl Ajyfpios hgm tbl hfhzigclhts a plapjl jikl Fiobhlj ^bljps it fhkls fl

rloagsimlr wbht is passi`jl ar plapjl ta hobilvl.Baw hst ohg bufhg `ligcs swif; baw hst ohgwl rug; baw fuob wlicbt ohg wl ji 1 _ifijhrjy, itwaujmgt `l strhgcl ar hgy jigcuist ta wagmlr bawfhgy jhgcuhcls h bufhg `ligc oaujm jlhrg ig tbloaursl a h ji ltifl.

Its h @icclr Guf`lr tbhg Yau ]igk

Dabg @awrigc whs h @ritisb jitlrhry trhgsjhtar,loagafist, pajitioihg hgm mipjafht wbasl slrvioligojumlm `ligc tbl aurtb cavlrgar a Bagc Kagc.Bl ojhiflm tbht bl kglw 0>> jhgcuhcls hgm tbht bloaujm splhk 8>> a tblf. Ohrmighj Daslpb OhsphrFlzza hgti kglw farl tbhg 3> jhgcuhcls hgm oaujmsplhk ?2 witbaut lvlr bhvigc jl bis bafljhgm4Ithjy. Ig aur mhy, tbl @rhzijihg jigcuist Mr. Ohrjas maHfhrhj Erlirl ojhifs ta kgaw avlr 8>> jhgcuhclshgm tbl Jl`hglsl jhgcuhcl igstruotar Tihm Ehzhbojhifs > ylhrs hcaùt I bhvl bhm tbl appartugity ta plrsaghjjy mlhjwitb Erlirl hgm Ehzhb, hs wljj hs witb h lw atblrtrujy crlht jigcuists, hgm I ifhcigl tbht tbl arflrphir wlrl safltbigc jikl tbl jhttlr. Eirst a hjj, àtbErlirl hgm Ehzhb bhvl stumilm fhgy jhgcuhcls tbhttbly bhvl bhm ga aoohsiag ta usl ig mlohmls. ]lyàtb hmfit tbht splhkigc tblf witb ga priar gatiolwaujm `l vlry mi oujt. Erlirl mlsori`ls tblsljhgcuhcls hs `ligc mlhotivhtlm. ]l ouriaus tbigcis tbht tbly atb ojhif tbht tbly ohg rlhotivhtl tblsljhgcuhcls h lr h lw mhys a stumy. ]is flhgs tbhti yau wlrl ta mrap tblf ig Isthgùj tafarraw hgm

hsk tblf ta civl h spllob ta hg humilgol a jaohjstbly waujm pra`h`jy struccjl crlhtjy witb tbl thsk.


22/40

0>

I yau wlrl ta civl tblf h wllks gatiol tbly waujm pra`h`jy rlolivl prhisl ar bawwljj tbly spakl urkisb.

Baw Fhgy Jhgcuhcls Is It âssi`jl ta Bhvl h Bicb Jlvlj ae Ejulgoy Ig1

]ht is wbht fhgy plapjl waujm rlhjjy jikl ta kgaw. Baw fhgy jhgcuhcls ohg yausplhk witb glhr ghtivl ffulgoy ig hgm bhvl hg lgarfaus vaohùjhry ig1 a mhtl fylxplrilgol bhs thucbt fl tbht tbis guf`lr bhs lvlrytbigc ta ma witb yaur ji lstyjl.I yau bhvl h ji l tbht gat agjy civls yau tbl appartugity ùt hjsa glolssithtls tbhtar crlhtjy `lgl ts raf kgawigc tbirtllg jhgcuhcls wljj tblg yau wijj pra`h`jysplhk tbirtllg jhgcuhcls wljj. I yau bhvl h vlry fagajigcuhj ji lstyjl tblg lvlgfhigthigigc agl atblr jhgcuhcl wijj fast jikljy `l quitl mi oujt.

Jifitjlss âssi ijitils

Sbht i yau stumilm h glw jhgcuhcl ugtij yau wlrl pra oilgt ig it hgm tblg switoblmta hgatblr ar tlg ylhrs1 Jlts shy yaurl gat Flzza hgti hgm agjy lohfl pra oilgt ig

aur jhgcuhcls murigc tbht tifl. ]lg ji l bhpplgs hgm yau magt tauob tbl jhgcuhclsar hgatblr tlg ylhrs. Yaur jhgcuhcls wijj bhvl loafl quitl mlhotivhtlm ut hs saag

hs yau obaasl ta piok up hg ajm àak ig agl a tblf ar splgm farl tbhg h mhy ar twaig h oaugtry tbht splhks tbht jhgcuhcl yau wijj gm tbht it hjj sthrts ta oafl `hok tayau. Sijj yaur tifl bhvl `llg whstlm hjj a tbasl ylhrs hca1 Agjy i `ligc h`jl ta clthraugm ig h arlicg oaugtry witbaut tbl bljp a h tbirm phrty is gat lgdayh`jl ar yau;agjy i rlhmigc caam jitlrhturl ig its aricighj arf bhs ga vhjul; agjy i i jlhrgigc

arlicg jhgcuhcls is gat lgdayh`jl ar yau.

Baw fhgy jhgcuhcls ohg bufhgs jlhrg1 ]ly jlhrg hs fhgy hs tbly bhvl tifl tastumy hgm prhotiol. _oilgtists bhvl ylt ta gm hgy ìajaciohj rlhsag wby lvlryaglohggat jlhrg twlgty jhgcuhcls ar lvlg agl bugmrlm. Jigcuists jikl @awrigc,Flzza hgti, Erlirl hgm Ehzhb succlst tbht aur hìjitils hrl fuob crlhtlr tbhg wltbigk. Hs it is witb sa fhgy tbigcs ig ji l, wl a lg `loafl aur crlhtlst jifithtiag araur crlhtlst hsslt. Aur httitumls, ji lstyjls, bhìts, prhotiols, igtlrlsts, ba`ìls, lto.hrl wbht usuhjjy wbht mltlrfigl wbht wl ohg hobilvl fuob farl tbhg aur pbysiohjar flgthj ohphoity.


23/40

08

Bi tblrl! Ig tbis hrtiojl wl hrl blhmlm ta_ohgmighvih _ohgmighvih ta lxpjarl h Kjagmikl amlhtb flthpbars. Sljj, tbl titjl bhs hjrlhmy spijjlmtbl `lhgs. _wlmlg is ig aous ig Aota`lr, tbloaugtry wbiob chvl us @htbary, Ht tbl Chtls hgmIKLH (hfagc atblrs). Hgm hjtbaucb I rlhjjy hmarlslvlrhj autputs `y Xuartbag (892=, 8922-8998),I hf caigc ta hghjysl h sagc `y hgatblr pijjhr a_wlmisb flthj. Ohgmjlfhss is tbl sthr a tbl sbawtamhy witb its Mhrk hrl tbl vlijs a mlhtb lpio(thklg raf tbl Gicbt hjj J^, 8923).

Ga farl igtras. I ma gat jikl hgm glvlr jiklm maafflthj, ùt tbl rst aur l arts `y Ohgmjlfhss(8925-8922) thkl fl igta tbl sthtl a mljicbt uj`jiss. Jlts ca strhicbt ta tbl jyrios4

Mlhtb is prlslgt tbl ohgmjl bhs ùrglm aut tbl soytbl is rhislm bls lhclr ta rlhptbl lxtrlfl ugotiag prlphrls ear tbl jhst fficbt ùt Cam kgaws wblrl yau wijj rlst Mhrk hrl tbl vlijs ae mlhtb]a shij tbl slhs ae ltlrghj mhfghtiagta orass tbl mlslrt ae wal hgm mlsphir ar mrigk tbl obhjiol ae mivigl hf`rasihYaur jiel wijj `l put ta tbl tlst Mhrk hrl tbl vlijs ae mlhtbLgtlr tbl crlht hmvlgturl dust whit hgm sllBlhvlg ar bljj wijj ohjj yaugaw wblg yaur spirit is erll

Oagolptuhj flthpbars igMhrk hrl tbl vlijs ae mlhtb `y Ohgmjlfhss

Sblrl ohg yaur shjvhtiag `lgaw wblg yaur spirit is erllwblrl ohg yaur shjvhtiag `lgaw wblg yaur spirit is erllEhmigc jicbt mishpplhrigc jicbt tljjs yau mhrkglss is ta oafl Hgoilgt ritlstbl mlhtb-fhss itslje bhs glvlr rlvlhjlm wblrl yau wijj caYau wijj lgtlr rlhjfs wblrl hgcljs elhr ta trlhm aplg bimmlg maars witbig yaur figm _hij witb Obhrag shij igta mlstigy hoolpt yaur mlhtb hgm fhkl it ta yaur awg obaiol.

_a, it wijj l h rhtblr lhsy hjj-hàut-mlhtb rlhm. Lgday.

_lhsags magt elhr tbl rlhplr

]l rst vl jigls a tbl sagc hrl tbl rioblst igmlhtb flthpbars hgm wl hrl caigc ta splgm safltifl mlhjigc witb tblf, `lohusl spaijlr hjlrt lvlrytbigc ajjawigc h lr is tbl shfl stu ig hmi lrlgt wrhppigc. _a

Mlhtb is prlslgt tbl ohgmjl bhs ùrglm aut tbl soytbl is rhislm bls lhclr ta rlhptbl lxtrlfl ugotiag prlphrls ear tbl jhst fficbt ùt Cam kgaws wblrl yau wijj rlst Mhrk hrl tbl vlijs ae mlhtb


24/40

00

wa flthpbars hrl bimmlg ig tbl aplgigc jigl.

]l rst bimls `lbigm tbl warms Mlhtb isprlslgt. It is h plrsagi ohtiag a mlhtb tbraucbtbl LULG _ HPL HO IAG_ flthpbar. Itsflobhgios is lhsy4 hg hclgtjlss lvlgt (myigc is hglvlgt, ar igsthgol, ugjlss yau oaffit suioiml)

fhy `l sllg hs hg hotiag, tbus prlsufigc tblprlslgol a hg hotar, tbl agl wba ohusls tbl lvlgtta bhpplg hgm lfàmils tbl praplrty(ils) a tbllvlgt (lvlgt6hotiag6hotar). Civl tbis tbaucbt hfigutl hgm yau wijj oafl up witb tags a iggaolgtlvlrymhy lxprlssiags lhturigc tbl flthpbar. Earigsthgol, `hm wlhtblr mlstraylm fy wllklgm trip(lvlgt hm wlhtblr, praplrty obhgcigc tbl sthtla h hirs); tifl wijj thkl yaur sarraw hwhy (lvlgt tifl phssigc, praplrty favlflgt); tbis warkis kijjigc fl (lvlgt olrthig pbysiohj ar flgthjobhjjlgcl, praplrty ohushtiag a pbysiohj arflgthj strlss) lto. Gatiol tbht tblsl tbrll lxhfpjlsa hclgtjlss lvlgts hrl rlhsaglm ig tlrfs a hotiagshs i ag `lbhj a h bufhg `ligc hg hotar wbaslfhig httriùtl is tbl lvlgt praplrty. Farlavlr,tbl plrsagi ohtiag praolss, hphrt raf pravimigchg hotar witb tbl lvlgt praplrty(ils), hjsa hmmsbufhg praplrtils ta hotars (6lvlgts) ghturl.]is, tacltblr witb tbl praplrty a tbl lvlgt amlhtb, ghfljy, tbht it summlgjy bhpplgs ta h jivigcplrsag tbht bl/sbl jasls tblir ji l, hjjaws usigc tbl

rhfl a hg uglxplotlm visit, ar igsthgol, wblgrlhsagigc hàut myigc. ^rifitivljy put, tbl rhflcals hs ajjaws4 h visitar is h`slgt h sloagm hca, uttblg bl/sbl summlgjy paps up ht yaur siml hgm isblrl gaw. Blgol, wl fhy shy tbigcs jikl Mlhtbohfl hgm taak bif ar Mlhtb phim bif h visit,Mlhtb ojhiflm bis ji l hgm hjj kigms a atblr orhzy

tbigcs wbiob wl rhrljy phy httlgtiag ta.Ig aur ohsl prlslgt is sygagyfaus ta blrl,blgol tbl jigl shys Mlhtb is blrl, ricbt gaw,lvakigc tbl rhfl a h visit, `lohusl it (mlhtb)whs hwhy h sloagm hca, ùt gaw it is blrl, prlslgt,sthgmigc `y yaur siml. I bapl tbl wbajl oagolpt isfarl ar jlss ojlhr.

]l jhst tbigc ta gatl ig tbis rlchrm is h ìt a -tapio. ]lrl hrl oujturhj mi lrlgols wblg it oaflsta slligc tbl plrsagi lm Mlhtb hs fhjl ar lfhjl.]l oujturhj trhmitiag I oafl raf (Pussihg/\krhigihg) oagolptuhjisls mlhtb hs hg ajm sohry

lfhjl.

]l warms tbl ohgmjl bhs ùrglm aut ig tblaplgigc jigl a lr us hgatblr flthpbar. ]isagl fhy sllf ta `l iggaolgt ht tbl rst cjhgol;bawlvlr, tblrl hrl tbrll passi`jl whys ta lxpjhig iths tbrll rljhtlm flthpbars t tbl uttlrhgol. ]lslhrl JIEL I_ JICB (MLH B I_ MHPKGL__),JIEL I_ H EJHFL, hgm JIEL I_ EIPL. I ca arJIEL I_ H EJHFL hs it sllfs ta t tbl ohsl ig tbl

`lst why4 h ohgmjl ùrgs, lfittigc àtb blht hgmjicbt. Baw is it passi`jl tbht wl ohg oagolptuhjislji l hgm mlhtb ig tlrfs a h ffhfl1

]l lxplrilgtihj craugmigc ar tbis vlry flthpbaris lxtrlfljy sifpjl. H jivigc bufhg `ligc iswhrf hgm h mlhm agl is oajm. Farlavlr, ig armlr

ta ugotiag praplrjy, h bufhg àmy gllms whrftlfplrhturls; wl mil, bawlvlr, wblg lxpaslm taoajm. ]lg, wblg it oafls ta tbl jicbt phrt a tblflthpbar, tbl fhdarity a plapjl hrl hotivl murigctbl mhytifl, wblg it is jicbt hgm whrflr autsiml,hgm, ag tbl oagtrhry, sjllp murigc tbl gicbttifl,wblg it is mhrk hgm oajmlr. ^jhgts gllm jicbt tasurvivl; tbly mil wblg jl ig tbl mhrkglss. ]loafìghtiag a tblsl hotars oagtriùtls ta aurhssaoihtiag a ji l witb whrftb hgm jicbt, wbiobtacltblr oagstitutl h oagolpt a rl/ffhfl. Blgolh stragc, lxplrilgtihjjy `hslm oarrljhtiag `ltwllgji l hgm rl/ffhfl. Ohg yau suppart tbl ohsl witbyaur awg lxhfpjls1 Hgy rl lrlgol ta mhrkglsswblg thjkigc hàut mlhtb/ugmlrwarjm/lvij, arigsthgol, bhs tbis flthpbar (tbl JICB phrta it) hs its oarl. Blrl is hgatblr agl. Ylstlrmhy,wblg I sthrtlm typigc tbis past, I jistlglm ta LpiousMaafious Flthjjious `y Ohgmjlfhss. Plflf`lrtbl Hsbls ta hsbls hgm must ta must raf_ajituml1 ]hts it.

Jigl 0 tbl soytbl is rhislm bls lhclr ta rlhppartrhys mlhtb hs h Plhplr, wbiob is hrcuh`jy agla tbl fast hfaus a hjj plrsagi ohtiags a mlhtb.]is flthpbario ifhcl is hjsa mllpjy raatlm igaur lvlrymhy lxplrilgol hgm its jacio is ojlhr. Itmlrivls raf `jlgmigc twa flthpbars4 ^LA^JLHPL ^JHG _ hgm plrsagi ohtiag a mlhtb vih

LULG _ HPL HO IAG_. ]l jhttlr struoturlstbl lvlgt a mlhtb hs hg hotiag, `raucbt hàut`y hg hclgt (hotar), tbus plrsagi yigc mlhtb. ]l

arflr rlhsags hàut plapjls jivls ig tlrfs atbl ji l oyojls a tbl pjhgts4 h ìrtb a h plrsag is hclrfightiag a h pjhgt, h ji ltifl is h ùrclagigchgm hg lvlgt a mlhtb is witblrigc ar bhrvlstigca h pjhgt. Lxhfpjls hrl hùgmhgt (Bl is h yaugcspraut; sbl is witblrigc hwhy; fy wi l is ig ujj`jaaf lto.). Bhrvlstigc bhs hg igblrlgt hotar tait4 h rlhplr. Plhplrs soytbl outs tbl pjhgts, tbus

gisbigc tblir ji l oyojls. Gaw tbigk hàut bufhgshs pjhgts hgm mlhtb ghturhjjy jjs tbl pjhol a tblrlhplr ig tbl orass-mafhig fhppigcs ( raf pjhgtsta plapjls sthcls a ji l).

]l lxtrlfl ugotiag prlphrls ar tbl jhst fficbt(Jigl ?) hjrlhmy oagthigs h ojlhr bigt ag tblflthpbar, wbiob sbhpls tbl jigl. It is MLH BI_ CAIGC A H EIGHJ ML_ IGH IAG. ]isflthpbar is hjsa h oafpjlx agl. It a`thigs itsjacio hgm arf raf twa farl sploi o flthpbars4MLH B I_ ML^HP \PL hgm _ H L_ HPLJAOH IAG_. ]l arflr is h phrt a h tripjl


25/40

0?

flthpbar oafpjlx ig wbiob @IP B I_ HPPIUHJhgm JIEL I_ @LIGC ^PL_LG BLPL hrl tbl

rst twa oagstitulgts. ]lsl hjjaw us ta rl lr tatbl mlhm hs ta tbasl phsslm hwhy ar cagl. ]ljhttlr _ H L_ HPL JAOH IAG_ pravimls uswitb tbl rlhsagigc phttlrgs raf tbl mafhig ajaohtiags wblg wl mlsori`l tbl sthtls4 ar igsthgol,

sthyigc aut a trau`jl, clttigc igta tbl trau`jl,`ligc ig trau`jl, clttigc aut a h trau`jl hgm`ligc aut a trau`jl. @ligc mlhm is h ghj sthtl arh bufhg, tbus vih flthpbar h ghj jaohtiag.Sblg mlhtb is oagolptuhjislm hs h mlphrturl raftbis ji l hgm caigc igta tbl sthtl a `ligc mlhm,wbiob is h flthpbario ghj jaohtiag hgm, blgol,

ghj mlstightiag ar h bufhg, wl clt h flthpbarMLH B I_ CAIGC A H EIGHJ ML_ IGH IAG.]l why yau mlphrturl fhy l, clglrhjjy splhkigc,hgytbigc tbl hutbars ifhcightiag ohg thkl bif tawblg writigc h pilol hàut mlhtb. Ig aur sagc itis h fficbt. Crllk fytbajacy ifhciglm caigc tatbl ghj mlstightiag hs orassigc Hoblrag ig Bhmlsag Obhrags lrry. Garmio phchgisf shw mlhtbhs h mlphrturl hs wljj, bawlvlr tblrl wlrl aurmi lrlgt mlstightiags (Uhjbhjjh, Eajkvhgcr, Bljhgm Bljch ljj).

]l lxtrlfl ugotiag sthgms blrl ar h myigcbufhg. It is hotuhjjy h ritl a hgaigtigc witb aij igtbl Obristihg trhmitiag.

Jigl = ùt Cam kgaws wblrl yau wijj rlstprlslgts us ylt witb hgatblr glw flthpbar, ghfljy,MLH B I_ PL_ . ]is agl is oablrlgt witb atblrsifijhr mlhtb flthpbars4 MLH B I_ GICB /OAJM/_JLL^/MHPKGL__. Sbht oaffagslgsloarrljhtiag jigks tbl saurol hgm thrclt mafhigs

ig tbis flthpbar1 _ifpjl4 it is tbl iffaìjity ah àmy wblg ht rlst hgm wblg mlhm. Farlavlr,it is hjsa h barizagthj pasitiag a h bufhg àmy,`lohusl tbl fast oaffag why ta rlst is ta thklh ghp. I bhvl `llg paigtigc aut h jat tbht agl atbl `lhutils a flthpbar is tbl trhgs lr a tblsaurol mafhig praplrtils, its rlhsagigc jacio hgmquhjitils ta tbl thrclt mafhig vih orass-mafhigfhppigcs, oagstitutigc oagolptuhj flthpbar.Hs wl sbhjj sll `ljaw, tbl saurol mafhig a rlstig tbis flthpbar lgriobls tbl thrclt mafhig amlhtb witb olrthig mlthijs, hjjawigc ar orlhtiag aigtlrlstigc ljhàrhtiags.

Eighjjy, wl rlhob jigl < a tbl tlxt, wbiob ajjawstbl titjl a tbl sagc4 mhrk hrl tbl vlijs a mlhtb.Hrflm witb tbl kgawjlmcl a flthpbars raf tbl

rst aur jigls, yau hrl h`jl gaw ta ugmlrsthgm wbymlhtb fhy bhvl vlijs hgm wby tbly hrl `jhok hgmgat, shy, yljjaw ar pigk. wa flthpbars hrl ht warkblrl4 plrsagi ohtiag a mlhtb hs h wafhg, wlhrigch vlij, hgm MLH B I_ MHPKGL__ (mhrk vlijs). Ighmmitiag, I waujm jikl ta hmm tbht pra`h`jy tblwarm mhrk hjsa ohrrils blrl h flhgigc a gag-

trhgsphrlgt, tbus rlsaghtigc witb tbl prlolmigcjigl ùt Cam kgaws wblrl yau wijj rlst. Picbt,yau ohggat kgaw tbht hgm yau ohggat rlhm it atbl hol a mlhtb, `lohusl blr vlijs hrl mhrk.

Sblg bhje why tbraucb tbl daurgly ae aur jiel

]l flthpbars sthrt ta rlplht raf blrl ag. a fhklhg hrtiojl rlhmh`jl ht agl ca, I wijj rlstrhig fyslj

raf rl-hghjyzigc tbl shfl flthpbars. ]ly hrlta `l igmiohtlm witbaut urtblr lxpjhghtiag.

]a shij tbl slhs ae ltlrghj mhfghtiagta orass tbl mlslrt ae wal hgm mlsphir ar mrigk tbl obhjiol ae mivigl hf`rasihYaur jiel wijj `l put ta tbl tlst Mhrk hrl tbl vlijs ae mlhtbLgtlr tbl crlht hmvlgturl dust whit hgm sllBlhvlg ar bljj wijj ohjj yaugaw wblg yaur spirit is erll

I uslm blrl tbl aplgigc jigl a Mivigl Oaflmy hsh suòbhptlr titjl. Mhgtls Ig lrga is ujj a mlthijlm,pioturlsqul ljhàrhtiags a mlhtb. a `l farlprloisl, a tbl sthtl a `ligc mlhm. Ljhàrhtiag ish oaffag paltio faml a tbaucbt wbiob twistsh oagolptuhj flthpbar `y ugoagvlgtiaghj jjigca its sjats. Ear lxhfpjl, jigls 5-2 hàvl hrl hjj`hslm ag tbl MLH B I_ ML^HP \PL flthpbar.]l mlphrturl is, bawlvlr, ljhàrhtlm mi lrlgtjy,a lrigc us pioturls a vhriaus mlhtbs4

it fhy `l shijigc tbl slhs a mhfghtiag;ar it fhy l orassigc a tbl mlslrt wal hgm mlsphir;

ar it fhy `l caigc ta blhvlg h lr mrigkigc miviglhf`rasih ( raf Crllk fytbajacy4 aam/mrigk atbl cams, wbiob crhgts iffarthjity).]l shfl flthpbar is lobalm ig jigl 88 (Lgtlrtbl crlht hmvlgturl) hgm tacltblr tbly hjj sthgmig hg hghpbario rljhtiag ta jigl 8? Blhvlg ar bljjwijj ohjj yau, hs safl a tblsl mlphrturls wijj `l tabljj hgm agl, ig ohsl a hf`rasih, ta blhvlg.

Ig jigl 9 Yaur ji l wijj `l put ta tbl tlst ji l isa`dloti lm tbraucb tbl H@_ PHO GA IAG_HPL ^BY_IOHJ A@DLO _ flthpbar. ]l jacioa tbis agl is vlry strhicbt arwhrm4 hg h`strhotoagolpt hoquirls tbl praplrtils a h pbysiohj a`dlothgm, tbus, fhy `l rlhsaglm hàut ig tlrfs a hpbysiohj a`dlot. It is tbis vlry oagolptuhjizhtiagtbht hjjaws us ta shy hjj a tbl ajjawigc hgm fuobfarl4 Sbht ma yau whgt ta ma witb yaur ji l1 hklyaur tifl; civl it h tbaucbt ar twa lto.

Jigl 8= (gaw wblg yaur spirit is rll) oagthigsylt hgatblr papujhr paltio flthpbar, ghfljy JIELI_ @AGMHCL (MLH B I_ MLJIULPHGOL).Bufhg àmy ohg `l oagolivlm a hs h oagthiglr


26/40

0=

ar h sauj/spirit, wbiob jlhms its ji l igsiml a tbis oagthiglr (h àmy is, hotuhjjy,h ìajaciohj oagthiglr; tbis lfàmilm lxplrilgol hjjaws tbl oagthiglr ifhclsoblfh ta `l ifpaslm ag it vih flthpbar wblg rlhsagigc h`strhotjy). ]lrl is gaaptiag ar h sauj/spirit ta jlhvl it, lxolpt ar tbl àmy ta mil. Blgol, h sauj/spiritis h flthpbario prisaglr, slrvigc h ji l tlrf. Ji l ifprisags ig h àmy-dhij, mlhtbmljivlrs raf it. Blgol tbl flthpbar.

Sblrl ohg yaur shjvhtiag `l1

_a hr, wl bhvl oavlrlm hjfast hjj a tbl flthpbars ig tbl jyrios. @ljaw hrl tbl jhstjigls a tbl sagc.

Sblrl ohg yaur shjvhtiag `lgaw wblg yaur spirit is rll

wblrl ohg yaur shjvhtiag `lgaw wblg yaur spirit is rllEhmigc jicbt

mishpplhrigc jicbttljjs yau mhrkglss is ta oafl

Hgoilgt ritlstbl mlhtb-fhss itslj

bhs glvlr rlvlhjlm wblrl yau wijj caYau wijj lgtlr rlhjfs wblrl hgcljs lhr ta trlhm

aplg bimmlg maars witbig yaur figm_hij witb Obhrag shij igta mlstigy

hoolpt yaur mlhtb hgm fhkl it ta yaur awg obaiol.Eraf blrl ag it cals hs ajjaws4

jigls 85-824 MLH B I_ MLJIULPHGOLjigls 89-084 JIEL I_ JICB /MHY IFL, MLH B I_ MHPKGL__, plrsagi lm mlhtbjigl 0=4 MLH B I_ ML^HP \PLjigls 0


27/40


28/40

05

Hgmy Hyrls Oljiglsl

Ljamhig higbhf ljtb gwyf, oatb iajàH uir c-oajg hr bwyjàtb, f tlifag,

Ojais cagwyfic jlias f pyrtbaalrghigt4 jlirh ca sagowyjat ajaslcMlrs ljlg hr mhisg m-thigat slg

Hr o fhijwyga py`rg hr shg.

Ch`l Hoasth - Hwrth

S isfh `hvkimh ufjatdira whjhrfhr chuj Jikhlu muj Fjijus,

u S Yaufr sg Shràg mwhaja,muj Shràg jlj Eiaslu,

wl @hisag, wl Ituriku,hwijhg muj iziajg wl lz jtu

Ajivilr _ifag _hf`hbsh

Ia wilgmlr fag khf uga gl`bquam uplr mhjs lm ojigs bac swlb`bt

quhgma sthyc ia visif ug barmlghroisslg quh kwabk fhkbt lx cajm

gil` im jho lm lgmlr ih mrus,ffarlg quh im `risl clgtijl-yl souss.

Jarigmh D. hyjar _bsbi

sbakrigat| kwiij| kuf| tbazi|vi| ehiswhia| hpri| sbpajfi| u| sbkwhizhfi|

izat| cjisij| sbatliat| utzizi| mhga|ki| bhgcri| sbrhzi|

ai| hacwhifi| hskh| sbslip|hmhvhfa| u| hmhyigca| mh| zhkhizi| ||


29/40

03

Jari _ifpsag - Kutifu

Gu rl saguj h, h,Jh-sl bh jitbiwish,

Bica sumawit kl zbarawit..._uplgh gu aka bh karht, bh karht

Tlj Gishg ajhplFl-zhtb bh whma-wi

_umag tlpltKug jiàsi timhj kl riaj.

Jari _ifpsag Eujk mihjlot

I trlkt jugjil hjj hùtHg ffit ag bil alr phjls hg bijjs,

^lg hjj-h-ugk I shH krht,

H bust, a cuijmlg ffhulr-kijts;@lsitl ] jhuk `lglhtl

] trll Ejutig hg mhgkigIg tb `rllsl.

Fhroa Hirhcbi - 1hgcljy

Muglmi jagaj y qhjh4mEijity bi4B wlrujh4 hg bhjji4g

Shg 1igi4s sl1ui khrrhmKi4rumh lggìj ijiwi4g@airim lgjh4x, gi4tbthrut

Eljlwij hg mlglsbij aùrhz


30/40

02

Mfitry Ivhgav Jigcwh ml ^jhglth

Fl whgmi sajlf, whgmi arkaf ug `hmhj klj ffati trist.

urhg fl vimi flgch ffar,cra-fuoba cajmh-gly ghrsis._u` `hufls, `ji hkwh mjhk

kug lgc ji mhgsi khmhjak.

Dhfls Sijjihf FoOjlhry Kbjdbh

euwaitt tyrgthtslr xbgir tyfjuKlis qywqgij tyratjbh xbgal tgtrh

Klqahs tyrtjbh kbfrti pylphkbKlis kjh tshruigxbuwjkbh qtgakar pea

Kbjkbhwathxigc truehr

Klis kbyhreh tgxbl qir peheh.

Hjlxhgmlr _obalfhklr - Gydshsslsb

Y jyl l llgshf hs g `jcmll ap bllwclr thhjg g bccljg mri , vhg y pjts zhh gglg flhgsklfhs,gglg `lcstlr cahjmlg pahskljyljgs.

Ghstlg fhr, gylf `lhwflg,ffhmmlrgmlr g thhgslgmlr igglg `rlhz.


31/40

09

]l Igffulgol ae _phgisb ag Lgcjisb

_phgisb is agl a tbl fhig Jhtig ar Pafhgoljhgcuhcls, hgm hs suob, its igffulgol hgm igfflotiagsohg l blhrm tbraucbaut tbl warjm. @ut its igffulgolag Lgcjisb is fhrklm.

Sarms yau Hjrlhmy Kgaw

Yau hjfast olrthigjy kgaw hr farl _phgisb tbhgyau tbigk. Dust tbigk a baw a lg warms hgmpbrhsls jikl silsth, hmias, fhhgh httituml, bhsthjh visth, `h`y, hfica, hgm lvlg ga why, Das, hrl`hgmilm hàut, a lg ig h dakly, sjhgcy why.Lvlg aur warm arhgcl ujtifhtljy oafls raftbl _phgisb warm ghrhgdh vih Ajm Erlgob hgm_hgskrit!

Igffulgol ag Hflriohg Lgcjisb

Hflriohg Lgcjisb, ig phrtioujhr, bhs àrrawlmfuob raf _phgisb. _a fhgy pjhol ghfls ig tbl_thtls hrl warms witb _phgisb aricigs Jas Hgcljls,_hg Milca, Oajarhma hgm _hg Erhgoisoa.

Bistary

]l _phgisb igffulgol ag tbl Lgcjisb jhgcuhcl whslsploihjjy ifparthgt ig tbl sixtllgtb olgtury, wblg

_phig whs h cja`hj fijithry hgm pajitiohj pawlr,hgm ig oagffiot witb @rithig ht tbl shfl tifl. ]ischtblrlm ig faflgtuf h lr tbl _phgisb rsthrrivlm ig tbl Hflriohs.

Murigc tbl wlstwhrm ficrhtiag hgm crawtb a tblohttjl trhml ig tbl \_ ig tbl 823>s ig tbl sthtls hgmtlrritarils wbiob bhm `llg phrt a Flxioa, ghfljy

lxhs, Glw Flxioa, Hrizagh, Ohji argih, Glvhmh,\thb, Oajarhma, tbl slttjlrs àrrawlm fuob rafFlxiohg _phgisb.

Farl _phgisb warms lgtlrlm Lgcjisb ajjawigctbl Hflriohg hoquisitiag a ûlrta Pioa h lr tbl8292 _phgisb-Hflriohg Shr. @ut `y tblg fhgy_phgisb warms wlrl hjrlhmy h lhturl a lvlrymhyHflriohg Lgcjisb imiaf, hgm fast oagtriùtiagsbhm oafl raf tbl Flxiohgs, sigol tbly jivlm igjhrcl guf`lrs ig tbasl tlrritarils wbiob tbl \gitlm_thtls taak avlr.

amhy tbis igffulgol ohg `l fast a`viausjy sllgig tbl guf`lr a warms a _phgisb aricig wbiobLgcjisb, phrtioujhrjy Hflriohg Lgcjisb, bhshmaptlm. ]is is lsploihjjy trul a tlrfs raf SijmSlst jfs suob hs ùokhraa, oarrhj, crigca hgmsa ag.

Fhkigc _phgisb-saugmigc Sarms

@ut, farl tbhg dust warms, _phgisb bhs hjsa fhml itsfhrk ag Lgcjisb mlrivhtiaghj farpbajacy ar tbl

why tbl flhgigc a warms is obhgclm `y hppjyigcmlrivhtiags. (]is is gat safltbigc wbiob ohg `lshim a fast atblr jivigc jhgcuhcls.)


32/40

?>

Ear lxhfpjl, tbl hmmitiag a -tlrh ta fhkl warmsjikl oh ltlrih `ltrhys tbl _phgisb aricigs a tbaslwarms.

Lvlg tbl hmmitiag a -hraa, wbiob hpplhrlm ig89?>s Hflriohg Lgcjisb ta fhkl glw, dakly warmsjikl stigkhraa ohfl raf tbl warm ùokhraa

wbiob aricighjjy ohfl raf tbl _phgisb warm aroawày, vhqulra.

]is sjhgcy obhrhotlr ohg hjsa `l sllg ig tblatblr whys ig wbiob Hflriohg Lgcjisb usls ìtsa _phgisb ta fhkl glw warms. Hg lxhfpjl is tblusl a lsth ta mlgatl lxtrh hg hrl ig warms suob hsBhjjawlsth (igstlhm a Bhjjawllg.)

]lg tblrl is tbl usl a lj hgm a (h oaffag arf a_phgisb sigcujhr fhsoujigl gaug) ta fhkl hfusigc vlrsiags a wbhtlvlr warm is `ligc obhgclm suobhs lj oblhpa ta flhg h oblhp pramuot a safl kigm.

_tijj farl rlolgt is tbl usl a isth, h _phgisb su x,ig tbl Lgcjisb jhgcuhcl. Ear lxhfpjl hsbiagisth,ar Cuhrmihgisth ta mlsori`l h olrthig typl aCuhrmihg-rlhmigc, pajitiohjjy oarrlot jl -wigcji`lrhj.

Sbiob hjj cals ta sbaw, javl it ar jahtbl it, tbligffulgol a _phgisb ag tbl Lgcjisb jhgcuhcl ispragaugolm, hgm gat ta `l ugmlrlstifhtlm.

]is thkls us ta tbl paigt, wlrl h lr Lgcjisb, _phgisbis Hflriohs fast wimljy spaklg jhgcuhcl, fhkigctbl \_ tbl warjms sloagm-jhrclst _phgisb splhkigcoaffugity. It is farl wimljy spaklg tblrl tbhgErlgob, Bhwhiihg hgm tbl igmiclgaus jhgcuhcls

oafìglm, hgm whs tbl rst Luraplhg jhgcuhcl tahrrivl ig Gartb Hflrioh.

]l \_ is bafl ta farl tbhg =< fijjiag Bisphgios,ar 8?.=% a tbl 0>>0 papujhtiag. H survly ohrrilmaut ig 0>>3 sbawlm tbht _phgisb is tbl prifhryjhgcuhcl ht bafl ar safl ?= fijjiag plapjl hclm

vl ar ajmlr.

Sblrl Yaujj Blhr it Fast

\gmlrsthgmh`jy, _phgisb is lsploihjjy prlvhjlgt igtbl sthtls àrmlrigc Flxioa Ohji argih, Hrizagh,Glw Flxioa hgm lxhs. Avlr bhj a tbl oaugtrys_phgisb splhklrs bhvl fhml tblir bafls igOhji argih, lxhs hgm Ejarimh.

Srittlg _phgisb ig tbl \_

Horass tbl \_, > glwsphplrs hgm avlr 8fhchzigls hrl pramuolm ig _phgisb, wbijl oarparhtlHflrioh is igorlhsigcjy sljjigc itslj tbraucb_phgisb-jhgcuhcl hmvlrtisigc.

Ga agl jhgcuhcl lgdays a oihj rloacgitiag hs suobig tbl _thtls, ùt ig pjhols jikl Ohji argih ìjigcuhjgatiols hgm maouflgts, hgm _phgisb is olrthigjytbl fast wimljy thucbt gag-Lgcjisb jhgcuhcl igsloagmhry sobaajs.

Sblg bl whs prlsimlgt, @ijj Ojigtag lsth`jisblm

h prlolmlgt a trhgsjhtigc tbl _thtl a tbl \giaghmmrlss hgm atblr prlsimlgtihj spllobls igta_phgisb, hgm a oihj _phgisb trhgsjhtiags hrlhvhijh`jl agjigl.

Oagtravlrsy

]l oagtravlrsihj issuls a jhgcuhcl hs phrt aoujturhj ricbts hgm ìjigcuhj sthtl cavlrgflgtrlprlslgthtiag bhs ohuslm saoia-oujturhj riotiag`ltwllg gag-Bisphgio Hgcjapbagls hgm Bisphgiooitizlgs.

Lquhjjy, Lgcjisb-agjy favlflgt sllks ta lsth`jisbLgcjisb hs tbl sajl a oihj jhgcuhcl a tbl \_.Clglrhjjy, tbly lxlrt pajitiohj pu`jio prlssurlag Bisphgapbagl ifficrhgts ta jlhrg Lgcjisbhgm splhk it pu`jiojy. Hs ugivlrsitils, ùsiglss,hgm tbl pra lssiags usl Lgcjisb, tblrl is fuobsaoihj prlssurl ta jlhrg Lgcjisb ar upwhrm saoia-loagafio faìjity.

Jlts gat arclt tbht _phgisb whs rst `raucbt tatbl \_ ig 80, Ou`h `lohfligmlplgmlgt, wbijl ûlrta Pioa `lohfl phrt a tbl\_ oaffagwlhjtb its _phgisb-splhkigc plapjlbhvl \_ oitizlgsbip.

Ifficrhtiag

Ifficrhtiag ta tbl \gitlm _thtls a _phgisb-splhkigc Ou`hgs `lchg `lohusl a Ou`hs pajitiohjigsthìjity h lr igmlplgmlgol. ]lrl hrl gawhraugm h fijjiag Ou`hgs ig tbl oaugtry.

Ht tbl shfl tifl, fhgy ulrta Piohgs bhvl ficrhtlmta Glw Yark, igorlhsigc tbl oitys _phgisb-splhkigcpapujhtiag.


33/40

?8

Hs h oagslqulgol a arflr _phgisb hgm, jhtlr, Flxiohgsavlrlicgty avlr jhgms tbht hrl gaw `ljagc ta Hflrioh,fhgy pjhols ig tbl oaugtry, lsploihjjy ig tbl sautb wlst,

bhvl _phgisb ghfls raf Glvhmh ta Oajarhma, rafJas Hgcljls ta _hg Milca.

_phgisb Sarms ig Hflriohg Lgcjisb

Jiklwisl, tbl igffulgol a _phgisb ohg `l sllg ig fhgywarms hfijihr ta tbl Sijm Slst warms jikl `uokhraa,rhgob, oarrhj hgm mlsplrhma.

]l igffulgol a Lgcjisb ag Hflriohg _phgisb is vlryifparthgt. Ig fhgy Jhtiga su`-oujturls, it is hsbiagh`jlta vhriausjy fix _phgisb hgm Lgcjisb, tblrl`y pramuoigc_phgcjisb, tbl ghfl ar tbl hmfixturl a Lgcjisb warmshgm pbrhsls ta _phgisb ar l lotivl oaffugiohtiag.

]l glw clglrhtiag a Hflriohg Bisphgios, wbijl bhvigch caam oaffhgm a Lgcjisb, hjsa whgt ta prlslrvlkgawigc hgm usigc _phgisb hs h jhgcuhcl ag lquhj tlrfsta Lgcjisb.

@ic ig tbl \_

_phgisb bhs h jagc bistary ig tbl \gitlm _thtls hgm rlolgtifficrhtiag raf Jhtig Hflrioh bhs rlvithjislm tbis,sa tbl jhgcuhcl wijj rlfhig bucljy ifparthgt ig GartbHflrioh.

Sitb tbl irtb rhtl bicb ig fuob a tbl _phgisb-splhkigcwarjm, it sllfs rlhsagh`jl ta lxplot tbis trlgm ig tbl risl

a _phgisb ta oagtigul. @y tbl ylhr 0>, hjfast bhja tbl \_ papujhtiag oaujm `l _phgisb splhkigc, arlxhfpjl, hgm Bisphgios rlprlslgt tbl hstlst crawigcltbgio craup ig tbht oaugtry. ]is risigc ifparthgol hgmsthtus a _phgisb ig tbl \_ is bhvigc h sicgi ohgt l lotag its sprlhm warjm-wiml, hgm, ig phrtioujhr, witbig tblLgcjisb-splhkigc warjm. Sbht wijj `l tbl lvajutiag atblsl twa jhgcuhcls1 - agjy tifl ohg tljj.


34/40

?0

Sbht ma yau kgaw hàut wblrl I oafl raf1]ht whs agl a tbl rst qulstiags I lvlr hsklm @asoaFagcaussa, hg F`lgmdljl pycfy wba jivls ig tblsphrsljy papujhtlm Gmaki arlst ht tbl hr gartblrgtip a tbl Plpu`jio a Oagca. Sl wlrl sittigc agjacs hraugm h rl agl lvlgigc aur ylhrs hca, lhtigch migglr a sfaklm rivlr sb hgm kaka, h vithfig-riob wijm crllg bhrvlstlm raf tbl arlst. Im oaflta tbis bhrm-ta-rlhob oarglr a tbl Oagca `hsig

h spat ht jlhst kf raf tbl glhrlst vijjhcl tarlpart h stary ar Ghtiaghj Clacrhpbio fhchziglhàut h papujhtiag a obifphgzlls wba mispjhy tblfast sapbistiohtlm taaj-usl lvlr a`slrvlm hfagcgag-bufhgs.

Fagcaussa, wba fhkls bis jivigc, ar tbl fast phrt,`y bugtigc wijmji l hgm chtblrigc arlst pramuolsuob hs guts, ruits, fusbraafs hgm jlhvls, bhmtlltb tbht bhm `llg obisljjlm ta sbhrp paigts hs h

obijm. Bl staam hàut 8.=f (= 3ig) thjj hgm bhm hwiml, wagmlr uj crig tbht bl lxlroislm praji ohjjy.Bl oagsimlrlm fy qulstiag ohrl ujjy.

I magt kgaw. Its hr hwhy, bl tajm fl ghjjy, tbraucbh trhgsjhtar. Hooarmigc ta \OJ hgtbrapajacistDlrafl Jlwis, tbl F`lgmdljl `ljilvl tbht tbl spiritwarjm is igbhìtlm `y plapjl witb wbitl skig. Eartblf, tbl h lrji l hgm Lurapl ca y tbl shfl warm,putu. Hfu muh putu is h oaffag lupblfisf

ar mlhtb jitlrhjjy, Bls cagl ta Lurapl. Ear flta bhvl oafl hjj tbl why ta tbl Gmaki arlst whs h daurgly a patlgtihjjy flthpbysiohj miflgsiags.

Baw I jlhrglm h jhgcuhcl ig 00 baurs

Bhvl yau lvlr blhrm a tbl \gitlm _thtls aHflrioh1 I hsklm Fagcaussa.

Bl sbaak bis blhm. Ga.

I mimgt kgaw wblrl ta `lcig. Sljj, tbl \gitlm_thtls is jikl h rlhjjy ìc vijjhcl ag tbl atblr simla tbl aolhg, I tajm bif. ]l trhgsjhtar oagvlylmfy lxpjhghtiag, hgm tblg bhm h `hok-hgm- artb

lxobhgcl witb Fagcaussa.Sbht mim bl shy1 I hsklm.

Bl whgtlm ta kgaw, Sbhts tbl aolhg1

]lrl whs h `ril faflgt tbis sufflr, h jittjlavlr h ylhr h lr tbl pu`jiohtiag a fy rst àak,Faagwhjkigc Sitb Ligstlig4 ]l Hrt Hgm _oilgolA Plflf`lrigc Lvlrytbigc, wblg I tbaucbt I

bhm ghjjy put tbl su`dlot a fy flfary igta fyflfary. Ga pbagl igtlrvilw witb hg a`sourlfimwlstlrg thjk rhmia sthtiag ar jugobtifl jloturlig h oarparhtl humitariuf whs caigc ta prlvlgt fl

raf ghjjy favigc ag ta hgatblr tapio hgm sthrtigcwark ag fy glxt jagc-tlrf pradlot igspirlm `yfy lgoaugtlr witb Fagcaussa hàut tbl warjmsjhst rlfhigigc bugtlr-chtblrlr saoiltils hgm wbhttbly ohg tlhob us.

Hs phrt a fy rlslhrob, I bhm `lcug pjhggigc hslrils a jacistiohjjy oafpjiohtlm trips tbht waujmthkl fl `hok ta tbl shfl rlfatl rlciag wblrl Ibhm flt Fagcaussa. Fy cahj whs ta splgm tbl


35/40

??

sufflr jivigc ig tbl arlst witb bif hgm bis ljjawF`lgmdljl pycfils. Its virtuhjjy ifpassi`jl ta gmpycfils ig gartblrg Oagca wba splhk Erlgob,fuob jlss Lgcjisb, hgm sa ig armlr ta lf`lm ta tblmlcrll I whs bapigc, I gllmlm ta jlhrg Jigchjh, tbltrhml jhgcuhcl tbht lflrclm ig tbl 89tb olgturyhs tbl jigcuh rhgoh a tbl Oagca `hsig. ]aucb it

is gat tbl rst jhgcuhcl a tbl pycfils, Jigchjh isugivlrshjjy spaklg horass gartblrg Oagca gatagjy `y tbl pycfils, ùt `y tblir @hgtu glicbàrshs wljj. amhy, tbl jhgcuhcl bhs hàut twa fijjiagghtivl splhklrs ig àtb tbl Oagcas hgm ig phrts aHgcajh, hgm hgatblr slvlg fijjiag, igojumigc tblF`lgmdljl pycfils, wba usl it hs h sloagm tagcul.

Yau ficbt tbigk tbht jlhrgigc h jhgcuhcl witb safhgy splhklrs waujm `l hg lhsy thsk ig aur cja`hj,igtlroagglotlm hcl. Hgm ylt wblg I wlgt agjiglig slhrob a Jigchjh rlsaurols, tbl agjy tlxtàakI oaujm gm whs h \_ Earlicg _lrviol Igstitutlbhgmàak prigtlm ig 895? wblg olgtrhj H riohwhs stijj h ragt a tbl oajm whr hgm h sohgglmoapy a h 8,8>9-warm Jigchjh-Lgcjisb miotiaghry.Sbiob is baw I lgmlm up clttigc mrhwg `hok igtatbl warjm a bhrm-oarl flfarisigc tbht I bhmwrittlg hàut ig Faagwhjkigc.

Plhmlrs a tbht àak (ar tbl lxtrhot tbht rhg jhstylhr ig tbis fhchzigl) wijj rlflf`lr tbl `rijjihgt,i sjicbtjy loolgtrio, @ritisb flfary obhfpiagghflm Lm Oaakl wba taak fl ugmlr bis wigc hgmthucbt fl h slt a hgoilgt fglfagio tlobgiquls,mlvljaplm ig Crllol hraugm tbl b olgtury@O, tbht ohg `l uslm ta orhf jahms a rhgmafig arfhtiag igta h skujj ig h rljhtivljy sbart hfaugta tifl. Lm sbawlm fl baw ta usl tbasl hgoilgt

trioks ta plr arf sllfigcjy ifpassi`jl lhts, suobhs flfarisigc lgtirl palfs, strigcs a bugmrlms arhgmaf guf`lrs, hgm lvlg tbl armlr a h sbu lmphok a pjhyigc ohrms ig jlss tbhg twa figutls.

_igol fy àak whs pu`jisblm, Lm bhm favlm agta atblr tbigcs hgm oa- augmlm hg agjigl jlhrgigcoafphgy ohjjlm Flfrisl witb h rigoltag \givlrsityglurasoilgol ^bM ghflm Crlc Mltrl. ]lir cahj4ta thkl hjj a oacgitivl soilgols kgawbaw hàutwbht fhkls ig arfhtiag flfarh`jl, hgm oafìglit witb hjj tbl kgawbaw raf saoihj chfigc hàutwbht fhkls hg hotivity ug hgm hmmiotivl, hgmmlvljap h wl` hpp tbht ohg bljp hgyagl flfarislhgytbigc raf tbl ghfls a a`sourl obllsls, ta tblflf`lrs a tbl @ritisb ohìglt, ta tbl vaohùjhry ahg H riohg jhgcuhcl hs l oilgtjy hgm l lotivljyhs passi`jl. _igol jhugobigc, tbl sitl bhs hobilvlmh oujt ajjawigc hfagc jhgcuhcl lgtbusihsts hgmpioklm up farl tbhg h quhrtlr a h fijjiag uslrs.

]l imlh a Flfrisl is ta fhkl jlhrgigc praplrjyug, Lm tajm fl avlr oa ll ag h rlolgt visit ta

Glw Yark ta fllt witb igvlstars. Garfhjjy plapjl

stap jlhrgigc tbigcs `lohusl a h ùgob a glchtivlllm`hok, suob hs warrils hàut wbltblr tblyjj

hotuhjjy clt hgywblrl, igslouritils hàut tblir awgigtljjiclgol, hgm h slgsl a it `ligc l art uj. SitbFlfrisl, wlrl tryigc ta igvlrt tbht hgm orlhtl h

arf a jlhrgigc lxplrilgol tbht is sa ug, sa slourl,sa wljj mirlotlm hgm sa fisobilvausjy l artjlss tbht

its farl jikl h chfl safltbigc yaum whgt ta maigstlhm a whtobigc U.

I bhvl glvlr llg phrtioujhrjy caam witb jhgcuhcls.Mlspitl h mazlg ylhrs a Bl`rlw sobaaj hgm hji ltifl a prhyigc ig tbl jhgcuhcl, If hsbhflmta hmfit tbht I stijj ohgt rlhm hg Isrhlji glwsphplr.@lsimls Lgcjisb, tbl agjy jhgcuhcl I splhk witbhgy mlcrll a ffulgoy is _phgisb, hgm tbht ohflagjy h lr vl ylhrs a igtlgsl ojhssraaf stumy hgmfarl tbhg bhj h mazlg trips ta Jhtig Hflrioh. _tijj,I whs mltlrfiglm ta fhstlr Jigchjh `l arl jlhvigc

ar tbl Oagca. Hgm I bhm dust ugmlr twa hgm h bhjfagtbs ta ma it. Sblg I hsklm Lm i bl tbaucbt itwaujm `l passi`jl ta jlhrg hg lgtirl jhgcuhcl igsuob h figusoujl hfaugt a tifl usigc Flfrisl,bis rlspagsl whs fhttlr-a - hot4 Itjj `l h oigob.

Flfrisl thkls hmvhgthcl a h oaupjl a `hsio, wljj-lsth`jisblm prigoipjls. ]l rst is wbhts kgawghs ljhàrhtivl lgoamigc. ]l farl oagtlxt hgmflhgigc yau ohg htthob ta h pilol a ig arfhtiag,tbl jikljilr it is tbht yaujj `l h`jl ta sb it aut ayaur flfary ht safl paigt ig tbl uturl. Hgm tblfarl l art yau put igta orlhtigc tbl flfary, tblfarl murh`jl it wijj `l. Agl a tbl `lst whys taljhàrhtl h flfary is ta try visuhjjy ta ifhcigl itig yaur figms lyl. I yau ohg jigk tbl saugm a hwarm ta h pioturl rlprlslgtigc its flhgigc, itjj `l

hr farl flfarh`jl tbhg sifpjy jlhrgigc tbl warm`y ratl.

Flfrisl lgoaurhcls yau ta orlhtl h fglfagio,wbiob it ohjjs h flf, ar lvlry warm yau whgtta jlhrg. H flf oaujm `l h rbyfl, hg ifhcl, h vimla ar dust h gatl hàut tbl warms ltyfajacy,ar safltbigc strikigc hàut its pragugoihtiag. Igtbl ohsl a jhgcuhcls suob hs Erlgob hgm Obiglsl,wblrl tblrl hrl tbaushgms a plapjl jlhrgigc it hthgy agl tifl, yau ohg `rawsl tbraucb h ohthjacula flfs orlhtlm `y atblr flf`lrs a tbl Flfrisloaffugity. ]is is lsploihjjy ug ar Obiglsl, wblrluslrs bhvl upjahmlm vimlas a vhriaus jacacrhpbioobhrhotlrs farpbigc igta ohrtaags a tbl warmstbly rlprlslgt.

Hs I whs tbl agjy uslr tryigc ta jlhrg Jigchjhht tbl tifl, it whs up ta fl ta oafl up witb fyawg flfs ar lhob warm ig tbl miotiaghry. ]isrlquirlm h caam mlhj a wark, ùt it whs ug hgmlgchcigc wark. Ear lxhfpjl, lgcigl is fatljl igJigchjh. Sblg I jlhrglm tbht warm, I taak h sloagmta visuhjisl h rusty lgcigl rlvvigc ig h fatlj raaf.


36/40

?=

Its h sploi o fatlj raaf I sthylm ig agol upag agh tifl ag h orass-oaugtry rahm trip tbl oblhplstraaf I lvlr phim ta aooupy. wlgty majjhrs h gicbt,hs I rlohjj, saflwblrl ig olgtrhj Glvhmh. I fhml hgl art ta sll, blhr hgm lvlg sfljj tbht aijy fhobiglrlvvigc hgm rhttjigc ag tbl sthiglm ohrplt ffaar. Hjja tbasl lxtrh mlthijs hrl hssaoihtiaghj baaks tbht

wijj jlhm fy figm `hok ta fatljl tbl glxt tifl Igllm ta gm tbl Jigchjh warm ar lgcigl.

Jiklwisl, ar fatlfh, wbiob flhgs blhrt, I visuhjislm h `lhtigc archg mrippigc `jaam agh `jigkigc hgm purrigc oafputlr famlf. arlflf`lr tbht àgmaki flhgs cug, I shw Dhfls@agm paigtigc h cug ht Mr Ga, hgm shyigc, Akly-makly. I tbis hjj saugms h jittjl sijjy, it is. @ut tbhtshjsa tbl paigt. _tumils bhvl oag rflm wbht Oiolrahgm tbl atblr hgoilgt writlrs ag flfary kglwwljj4 tbl strhgclr tbl ifhclry, tbl farl fhrklmjyflfarh`jl.

Flfrisl is ùijt ta misoaurhcl orhffigc. Its lhsyta splgm vl figutls jlhrgigc vaohùjhry witb tblhpp, ùt bhrm ta splgm . ]ht is `y mlsicg. Agla tbl `lst-mlfagstrhtlm prigoipjls a flfary pravlg àtb ig tbl oagtrajjlm slttigc a tbljhàrhtary hgm ig stumils oagmuotlm ig tbl wijmsa tbl ojhssraaf is tbl vhjul a wbhts kgawghs spholm rlpltitiag. Oacgitivl soilgtists bhvlkgawg ar farl tbhg h olgtury tbht tbl `lst whyta slourl flfarils ar tbl jagc tlrf is ta ifphrttblf ig rlplhtlm slssiags, mistriùtlm horass tifl,witb atblr fhtlrihj igtlrjlhvlm ig `ltwllg. I yauwhgt ta fhkl ig arfhtiag stiok, its `lst ta jlhrg it,ca hwhy raf it ar h wbijl, oafl `hok ta it jhtlr,jlhvl it `lbigm hchig, hgm agol hchig rlturg ta it

ta lgchcl witb it mllpjy horass tifl. Aur flfarilsghturhjjy mlcrhml, ùt lhob tifl yau rlturg ta hflfary, yau rlhotivhtl its glurhj gltwark hgm bljpta jaok it ig. ]l l lot ag rltlgtiag a jlhrgigc igtbis fhgglr is sthcclrigc. Agl stumy augm tbhtstumlgts stumyigc arlicg jhgcuhcl vaohùjhry ohgclt dust hs caam jagc-tlrf rltlgtiag raf bhvigcjlhrgigc slssiags spholm aut lvlry twa fagtbs hs

raf bhvigc twiol hs fhgy jlhrgigc slssiags spholmlvlry twa wllks. a put tbht hgatblr why4 yau ohgjlhrg tbl shfl fhtlrihj ig bhj tbl tathj tifl i yaumagt try ta orhf.

Agl a tbl crlht obhjjlgcls a aur hcl, ig wbiob tbltaajs a aur pramuotivity hrl hjsa tbl taajs a aurjlisurl, is ta curl aut baw ta fhkl farl usl ujtbasl faflgts a praorhstightiag wblg wlrl imjigcig ragt a aur oafputlr sorllgs. Sbht i igstlhm ath`ìgc avlr ta tbl wl` `rawslr ig slhrob a saflgucclt a cassip ar glws, ar aplgigc up h figmjlsschfl suob hs Hgcry @irms, wl oaujm igstlhm sorhtobtbl itob `y lgchcigc ig h flhgigc uj hotivity, suobhs jlhrgigc h arlicg jhgcuhcl1

I vl fijjiag plapjl ohg `l oagvigolm ta jac igtaTygchs Eholàak chfl Ehrfvijjl lhob mhy ta whtlrh virtuhj chrmlg hgm jitlrhjjy whtob tbl crhss crawag tblir oafputlr sorllgs, surljy, Lm `ljilvls, tblrlfust `l h why ta oa-apt tbasl shfl glurhj oirouitstbht rlwhrm figmjlss chfigc ta fhkl jlhrgigcfarl hmmiotivl hgm lgdayh`jl. ]hts tbl crlht

hfìtiag a Flfrisl, hgm it paigts tawhrms h uturlwblrl wlrl oagsthgtjy jlhrgigc ig tigy obugks aaur mawgtifl.

]l slorlt a Tygchs suoolss bhs `llg lgmjlssitlrhtiag a its pramuot tbraucb H/@ tlstigc. _bawtwa craups a uslrs twa sjicbtjy mi lrlgt vlrsiags atbl shfl chfl, hgm sll wbiob craup stioks hraugmjagclr. ]lg obhgcl hgatblr vhrih`jl hgm rl-rugtbl lxplriflgt. Flfrisl is `lciggigc ta usl tblshfl hccrlssivl lfpiriohj tlstigc ta curl aut gat dust baw ta fhkl jlhrgigc hpplhjigc, ùt hjsa bawta fhkl it farl l lotivl. I it turgs aut tbht uslrsrlflf`lr >.


37/40

? wllks. ]l jagclst sigcjl ugigtlrruptlmùrst tbht I splgt jlhrgigc whs 0> figutls, hgm fyhvlrhcl slssiag jhstlm dust aur figutls. Ig atblrwarms, it taak h jittjl jlss tbhg agl ujj mhy, sprlhmaut avlr twa hgm h bhj fagtbs, mlvatigc itl-sislmobugks a tifl, ta flfarisl tbl lgtirl miotiaghry.

@ut mim it wark1

It taak fl hjfast h wllk `y pjhgl, truok hgm lrryta clt `hok ta tbl Gmaki arlst hgm Fagcaussas vijjhcl a Fhkha, tbl jhst sfhjj autpast ag tblFath`h rivlr `l arl yau rlhob tbl ugigbhìtlmwijmlrglss a Gauh`hj-Gmaki Ghtiaghj ^hrk. Earslvlrhj mhys, I whs stuok 80>kf wlst a Fhkha igh vijjhcl ohjjlm @afhssh, wbijl I whitlm ar h truok.It whs h rustrhtigc lxplrilgol, ùt it chvl fl hg

appartugity ta `lcig ta tlst fy Jigchjh witb tbljaohjs. Ag fy tbirm mhy ig tawg, h pycfy ghflmFhkati ohfl ta visit fl lhrjy ig tbl fargigc. Ioaujmgt tljj witbig h mlohml ig litblr mirlotiagbaw ajm bl whs, ùt bl bhm h jagc, igtifimhtigcsohr mawg bis jl obllk hgm hg igtlgsl mlflhgar.Ya gh gchi, tathfàjh gh zhf`h Yau hgm fl,jlts whjk ig tbl arlst, bl shim. Bl paigtlm ht flhgm paigtlm ht bifslj , hgm tblg bljm bis igmlx hgmfimmjl gclr tacltblr ta succlst it sbaujm `l dusttbl twa a us.

I bhm raucbt witb fl h trhgsjhtar raf @rhzzhvijjl,wba spakl gat agjy Lgcjisb, Erlgob hgm Jigchjh,ùt hjsa h jittjl ìt a F`lgmdljl hgm aur atblrtri`hj jhgcuhcls ta àat. ]aucb bl whs bljp uj igclttigc fl slttjlm, wl quiokjy rhg igta h pra`jlf.]l pycfils bhvl h oafpjiohtlm rljhtiagsbipwitb tblir @hgtu glicbàurs, agl tbht ig saflwhys rlslf`jls flmilvhj slr maf. ^ycfils hrlrljlgtjlssjy misorifightlm hchigst y tbl @hgtu, wbarl lr ta tblf hs su`bufhg hgm a lg rl usl lvlgta tauob tblf. Lhob pycfy bhs hg igblritlm @hgtuprapriltar ar wbaf bl mals flgihj jhàur, a lg

ig rlturg ar jittjl farl tbhg oichrlttls ar hjoabaj.]l pycfils ig turg put ag h oafpjltljy mi lrlgt

hol hfagc tbl vijjhcl @hgtu ta wbaf tbly rl lrhs carijjhs `lbigm tblir `hoks tbhg tbly ma wblgtblyrl hjagl aut ig tbl arlst. Lvlg tbl prlslgola hg h h`jl, ur`hg, lmuohtlm autsimlr suob hsfy trhgsjhtar ifflmihtljy ohuslm tbl pycfils ta

ticbtlg up.I ajjawlm Fhkati aut a tbl vijjhcl hgm ag ta hgljlpbhgt trhij, wblrl wl augm h oaf arth`jl jac agwbiob ta sit, sfakl h oichrlttl hgm thjk ig busblmtagls hàut rljhtiagsbips `ltwllg tbl @hgtu hgmtbl pycfils. @hgtu, fagmljl, `h`lgmdljl4 fhkijhyh gmlgcl faka ]l @hgtu, tbl wbitls, tblpycfils4 wl hjj bhvl tbl shfl `jaam. Bl pigoblmtbl skig a bis arlhrf. Khsi, `hylì tl, bl tajm fl.@ut tbly magt kgaw tbht. Bl flhgt tbl @hgtu.

]is whs fy rst oagvlrshtiag ig Jigchjh witbauth trhgsjhtar ht fy siml. Lvl

conlangs monthly - november edition

Documents