compiled by: garrett schatte scientific method. objectives 1.develop a hypothesis 2.develop an...
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COMPILED BY: GARRETT SCHATTE
SCIENTIFIC METHOD
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OBJECTIVES
• 1. Develop a hypothesis • 2. Develop an experiment to test a hypothesis• 3. Collect data• 4. Make measurements
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SCIENTIFIC METHOD
1. Statement of Purpose or Question:
[What do you want to know?]
2. Hypothesis:
[What do you predict, in the form of an If…, then
statement]
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SCIENTIFIC METHOD (CONT.)
3. Variables:
A. Independent Variable
[Factor being manipulated]
B. Dependent Variable[Factor Which Responds - the one you measure]
C. Constants or Controls [Factors that are held constant]
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SCIENTIFIC METHOD (CONT.)
4. Standards of Comparison: [Experimental Control]
5. 5. Materials and ProcedureMaterials and Procedure::A. Materials:A. Materials:
[List everything used to complete the [List everything used to complete the experiment]experiment]
B. ProceduresB. Procedures [Step by step Directions - number each step
like a recipe]
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SCIENTIFIC METHOD (CONT.)
6. Qualitative Observations & Results:[List things that could have been done incorrectly, and
write them down during the experimentation.]
7.7. Quantitative ResultsQuantitative Results::
A. Raw DataA. Raw Data[Record in a table][Record in a table]
B. ResultsB. Results[Display data using graphs. Averages or [Display data using graphs. Averages or
Line of Best-Fit]Line of Best-Fit]
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SCIENTIFIC METHOD (CONT.)8. Analysis & Interpretation of Results:
[Describe in words the results]
10.10. ConclusionConclusion::[Include why your results did, or did not, support the [Include why your results did, or did not, support the
Hypothesis]Hypothesis]
9. 9. Possible Experimental ErrorsPossible Experimental Errors::[Give an explanation for each f[Give an explanation for each factor noted in step 6 that actor noted in step 6 that
could could have had an affect on the experimenthave had an affect on the experiment]]
11. Recommendations for further Recommendations for further experimentation based on your data & experimentation based on your data & practical applicationspractical applications::
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OF THE SCIENTIFIC METHOD
TEACHING EXAMPLES
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THE PAPER TOWEL WITH GREAT HOLDING
POWER
1. Statement of Purpose or Question: Which paper towel will hold the most
water?
2. 2. HypothesisHypothesis::When Brawny, Scott and a store brand are tested for When Brawny, Scott and a store brand are tested for absorbency, then … will be proven to hold the most absorbency, then … will be proven to hold the most
water.water.
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3. Variables:
Brand of paper towel
B. Dependent Variable
Brand of paper towel
C. Constants or Controls
Amounts of water added to paper towelSize of the paper towelProcess of determining amount of water left Time water is on paper towelTest all three brands around the same time and on the same day
A. Independent Variable
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4. Standards of Comparison:
5. Materials and Procedure :
Color and size of each brand of paper towel
A. Materials
roll of Brawny, Scott & store brand waterGraduated cylinder scissorscalculator panextra paper towels ruler
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B. Procedures:1. Get all materials.2. Review my directions for experiment.3. Cut paper towels into 4 cm x 4 cm squares.4. Lay one square of Bounty paper towel in the e pan.5. Measure out 10 ml of water and add to paper towel in
pan.6. Let it set for one for one minute.7. Pick up paper towel with forceps and let the extra
water drip out of paper towel until the drops are at least five seconds apart.
8. Pour water in cake pan back into the graduated cylinder and calculate the amount of water the square of paper to held.
9. Repeat steps 5-9 for each paper towel for total of fifty times.
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6. QUALITATIVE OBSERVATIONS:
7. Quantitative Results:A. Raw Data
Table Brawny Scott Store
1
2
3
4
5
Class Avg.
Paper Towel Brand
Some water was lost when it was returned to the graduated cylinder.
Water temperature was hard regulate.
During some test the air conditioner was on.
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10
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0Brawny Scott Store
Ave
rag
e A
mo
un
t o
f W
ater
Hel
d i
n m
L
Paper Towel with Greatest Holding Power
B. Results
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8. 8. Analysis & Interpretation of ResultsAnalysis & Interpretation of Results::[[In words describe what was discovered.]In words describe what was discovered.]
9.9. Possible Experimental ErrorsPossible Experimental Errors::[[Review step 6 and write statements of Review step 6 and write statements of
what you observed.]what you observed.]
10.10.ConclusionConclusion::[State whether your hypothesis was correct and Include [State whether your hypothesis was correct and Include why your results did, or did not, support the Hypothesis]why your results did, or did not, support the Hypothesis]
11. Recommendations for further experimentationRecommendations for further experimentation based on your data & practical applicationsbased on your data & practical applications::