colony to country
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Colony to Country. Unit 2: Relationships with Government and Leadership. Reciprocity Mercantilism Annexation Responsible Government. Key Terms. Key Terms. An economic partnership where both parties benefit Permission for goods to travel freely across borders Relationship : - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Colony to CountryUnit 2: Relationships with Government and Leadership
Key Terms
• Reciprocity• Mercantilism• Annexation• Responsible Government
Key Terms
Key Terms: Reciprocity• An economic partnership where both parties benefit• Permission for goods to travel freely across borders
• Relationship:• Reciprocity (free trade) desired with US to make up for
losses with new British trading laws• American manufacturers opposed, were persuaded by NL
fish, NS coal, NB timber, Cdn flour.
Key Terms: Mercantilism• Role of Colony: provide wealth (resources, serve as a
market)• Role of Mother Country: process goods, administrate,
provide initial and ongoing capital investments.
• Relationship• Created power/trade imbalance• Example: Corn Laws and the repealing of them (pg 73)
Key Terms: Annexation• To be joined to or added to another state (country)• Related to manifest destiny• Strongest movement was after the end of mercantilism.• Most Canadians were opposed to annexation.
• Relationship:• Falls into British dealings with Canada (Quebec Act, Act of
Union)• Canada/US Relationship
Key Terms: Responsible Government
1. Powers of Governor General are limited2. Executive council comes from the elected assembly3. Executive council is accountable to the elected
assembly
• Relationship:• British: the battle between Canadas and Britain• US: influenced the desire for responsible government• Canadas: achieved at different times, for different peoples.
Responsible Government: Maritimes
No large recent
immigration
No bitter French/English divide
• Twice led non confidence votes against Governors
• Appointed to Executive Council
• Forced withdrawal of 3 governors
• 1847 Election- Reformer Victory
• 1848- NS• 1849- NB• 1851- PEI• 1855- NL
Joseph Howe
Responsible Government: CanadasBaron Syndenham • First governor of United Canadas
• Two tasks1. Bring economic prosperity.
• Success!2. Prevent introduction of responsible government.
• Forced to end practice of lifetime appointments to Executive Council.
• Divided Clergy Reserves amongst all Churches.
• Clergy Reserve Revenues used to fund schools.
• District Council Act 1841.
LASupport
Election 1844•Tories win a majority.•Metcalfe (GG) appoints Tories to Executive Council
Election 1848•Refomers win large majority.•Metcalfe has resigned, GG is now Elgin (Durham’s son in law), Secretary is now Grey (Durham’s brother in law).•Elgin calls upon Baldwin and LaFontaine to form Executive Council. They select from their Assembly.
Responsible Government: Canadas
Test #1•1849 Rebellion Losses Bill•Elgin did not favour passage; signs it.
Test #2•1859 tariffs (20%) on imported goods to raise money for public works.•British merchants upset, British government threatens to dissallow, but eventually backs down.
If it’s not one thing…
…it’s another.Double Majority leading to Deadlock…• …Both English AND
French• …Both Canada West
AND Canada East
Chaos in the Parties…
… and, another.
Overarching problem: Lack of stable government (double majority, chaos).
Clear GritsCanada WestGeorge Brown
Conservative PartyCanada West(John A Macdonald, Alan McNab)
BleusCanada EastGeroge-Etienne Cartier
ModerateExpansion of industry and commerce
LiberalsCanada WestFrancis Hinks
ReformersParti RougeCanada EastAntoine-Aime Dorion
… and, another.
Overarching problem: Lack of stable government (double majority, chaos).
Coping Mechanisms: Coalition Governments
… and, another.
Overarching problem: Lack of stable government.
Solution? The Great Coalition.
Clear GritsCanada WestGeorge Brown
Conservative PartyCanada West(John A Macdonald, Alan McNab)
BleusCanada EastGeroge-Etienne Cartier
ModerateExpansion of industry and commerce
LiberalsCanada WestFrancis Hinks
ReformersParti RougeCanada EastAntoine-Aime Dorion
Galt
See pg 84
… and, another.