circulatory system
DESCRIPTION
Circulatory System. Ch. 37.1-2. The Heart. Blood Vessels. Arteries Carries blood away from the heart. Made of muscle tissue-very thick (oxygen rich). Ve in s Carry blood in to the heart Not made of muscles-very thin Uses valves to keep blood from flowing back (oxygen poor). - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Circulatory Circulatory SystemSystem
Ch. 37.1-2
The HeartThe Heart
Blood VesselsBlood Vessels
ArteriesArteries Carries blood Carries blood awayaway from the from the
heart.heart.
Made of muscle tissue-very Made of muscle tissue-very
thickthick
(oxygen rich)(oxygen rich)
VeVeininss Carry blood Carry blood inin to the heart to the heart Not made of muscles-very Not made of muscles-very
thinthin Uses valves to keep blood Uses valves to keep blood
from flowing backfrom flowing back (oxygen poor)(oxygen poor)
CapillariesCapillaries Smallest blood Smallest blood
vesselsvessels ConnectConnect arteries and arteries and
veinsveins
Blood Vessels ConnectingBlood Vessels Connecting
Arteriole
endothelium
Valve
Venule
smooth muscle
connective tissue
smooth muscle
endothelium
connective tissue
endothelium
Capillaries
BBlloooodd
FFllooww
CirculationCirculation
Arteries-move Arteries-move blood away from blood away from heartheart
Veins-bring Veins-bring blood to heartblood to heart
O2 poor blood into
heart
O2 poor blood to the lungs
O2 rich blood
from the lungs into
heart
O2 rich blood to the body
VideosVideos
Blood Pump Song:Blood Pump Song: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=D8LK34ho
VpU&NR=1 Blood Flow in the Heart:Blood Flow in the Heart:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mH0QTWzU-xI
Open Heart Surgery:Open Heart Surgery: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Zxqj1BcBpI
g
F.Y.I.F.Y.I.4-5 quarts of blood4-5 quarts of blood7-8% of human body weight7-8% of human body weightBlood ComponentsBlood Components
55% plasma55% plasma40-50% red blood cells40-50% red blood cells1% white blood cells1% white blood cells
Make up of Blood
FUNCTIONS of FUNCTIONS of BLOODBLOOD Transports nutrients and wastesTransports nutrients and wastes Distributes body heatDistributes body heat Delivers hormonesDelivers hormones Helps fight diseaseHelps fight disease
Blood CellsBlood Cells
Red Blood CellsRed Blood Cells Carry oxygen to tissueCarry oxygen to tissue Remove Carbon Dioxide Remove Carbon Dioxide
from tissue from tissue Use hemoglobin & Iron to Use hemoglobin & Iron to
bind oxygenbind oxygen Lack nucleusLack nucleus High surface areaHigh surface area
White Blood CellsWhite Blood Cells
Special cells that help fight Special cells that help fight infectioninfection
Many different typesMany different types Phagocytize foreign matterPhagocytize foreign matter Produce antibodiesProduce antibodies HIV attacks these cellsHIV attacks these cells
Leukocytes--WBCs
Leukocytes—White Blood Cells
PlateletsPlatelets
Special cells that cause Special cells that cause blood to clotblood to clot
Very small, fragment of Very small, fragment of RBCSRBCS
Release fibrinogen which Release fibrinogen which creates scabscreates scabs
Hemophilia- blood does not Hemophilia- blood does not clotclot
Scab formationScab formation
Platelets Fibrin
RBC’s
Lymphatic SystemLymphatic System
Lymphatic Lymphatic StructuresStructures
LymphLymph – fluid in lymph – fluid in lymph vesselsvessels
Lymph NodesLymph Nodes – – densely packed tissue densely packed tissue through which lymph through which lymph flows flows
TonsilsTonsils – filter & – filter & destroy bacteriadestroy bacteria
Thymus GlandThymus Gland – – produces hormones produces hormones essential for maturing essential for maturing WBCsWBCs
SpleenSpleen – removes worn – removes worn out RBCs, platelets & out RBCs, platelets & bacteria from bloodbacteria from blood
The Lymphatic The Lymphatic SystemSystem
“The bodies waste water treatment”“The bodies waste water treatment” Functions:Functions:1.1. Stores, circulates & Stores, circulates &
produces WBCs for produces WBCs for Immune SystemImmune System
2.2. Returns fluid Returns fluid (plasma) that (plasma) that leaked out of leaked out of capillaries back to capillaries back to blood streamblood stream
3. Collects intercellular 3. Collects intercellular fluid & cleans it fluid & cleans it before returning it before returning it to the blood streamto the blood stream
Blood TypesBlood TypesInheritedInherited proteins on proteins on the red blood cells-the red blood cells-called called antigensantigens
- and +- and + are also are also inherited; called inherited; called Rh Rh factorfactor
Human Blood Groups - multiple alleles1. ABO Blood Groups
a. Type A: A antigen, IA IA or IA I
b. Type B: B antigen, IB IB or IB I
c. Type AB: both A&B antigens, IA IB
d. Type O: no antigens, ii
Blood Type TransfusionsBlood Type Transfusions
Phenotype(Blood Type
GenotypeAntigen on
Red Blood CellSafe Transfusions
To
From
From
O type—universal donor (can donate blood to anyone)AB type—universal recipient (can receive blood from anyone)
2. Rh Blood Groups - dominancea. Rh+: has antigen
b. Rh-: no antigen, recessive
O Positive O Positive 38%38%A Positive A Positive 34%34%
B Positive B Positive 9%9%O Negative O Negative 7%7%A Negative A Negative 6%6%AB Positive AB Positive 3%3%B Negative B Negative 2%2%AB Negative AB Negative 1%1%
Anemia Anemia = = iron deficiencyiron deficiency which causes poor oxygen which causes poor oxygen transporttransport
Sickle-cell diseaseSickle-cell disease = = misshape of RBCmisshape of RBC which which causes clotting- inheritedcauses clotting- inherited
Leukemia Leukemia = = cancer ofcancer of WBC’sWBC’s
Blood Disorders