circulatory system

CIRCULATORY SYSTEMCIRCULATORY SYSTEM

Celeste Roderno-DesingañoCeleste Roderno-Desingaño

Human Circulatory SystemHuman Circulatory System

Also known as the Also known as the cardiovascular systemcardiovascular system

Responsible for transporting nutrients and Responsible for transporting nutrients and gases carried by blood to all parts of the gases carried by blood to all parts of the body.body.

Consists of heart and blood vessels.Consists of heart and blood vessels.

Parts of the Parts of the Circulatory SystemCirculatory System

1. Heart1. Heart One of the toughest One of the toughest

organ of the bodyorgan of the body Size of a clenched fistSize of a clenched fist Weigh less than three Weigh less than three

quarter of a poundquarter of a pound Beats 72 times a Beats 72 times a

minute with only a minute with only a short rest between short rest between beats beats

Pumps about 520 Pumps about 520 quarts of blood, quarts of blood, circulating all the circulating all the blood through the blood through the body 37-43 times.body 37-43 times.

Pericardium Pericardium – thin – thin membrane covering membrane covering the heartthe heart

Chambers of the HeartChambers of the Heart

1.1. Right AtriumRight Atrium

2.2. Left AtriumLeft Atrium

3.3. Right VentricleRight Ventricle

4.4. Left VentricleLeft Ventricle

2. Blood Vessels2. Blood Vessels

A. ArteriesA. Arteries Carry blood from the heart to the tissuesCarry blood from the heart to the tissues

Walls:Walls:

1.1. Outer coat of connective tissueOuter coat of connective tissue

2.2. Middle coat of smooth muscle cellsMiddle coat of smooth muscle cells

3.3. Inner coat of endothelium and connective tissueInner coat of endothelium and connective tissue

Aorta Aorta – is the largest artery which is about 25 mm in diameter and has – is the largest artery which is about 25 mm in diameter and has a wall about 3 mm thick.a wall about 3 mm thick.

Parts of the Circulatory SystemParts of the Circulatory System


B. CapillariesB. Capillaries These are These are

microscopic, thin-microscopic, thin-walled vessels walled vessels connecting arteries connecting arteries and veinsand veins

Permit the exchange Permit the exchange of food, gases and of food, gases and waste between blood waste between blood and tissuesand tissues

Walls:Walls:

1.1. Single layer of cells- Single layer of cells- EndotheliumEndothelium


C. VeinsC. Veins Return blood from Return blood from

the tissues to the the tissues to the heartheart

Walls same as Walls same as coats of arteries coats of arteries but thinner.but thinner.

Supplied with Supplied with valves along their valves along their length to prevent length to prevent the back flow of the back flow of blood.blood.

Deoxygenated Blood from TissuesDeoxygenated Blood from Tissues

Posterior and Inferior Vena CavaPosterior and Inferior Vena Cava

Right Atrium Right Atrium

Tricuspid opens -------Atrium contractsTricuspid opens -------Atrium contracts

Right Ventricle------Ventricle contractsRight Ventricle------Ventricle contracts

Pulmonary arteries openPulmonary arteries open

LungsLungs

Oxygenated Blood from LungsOxygenated Blood from Lungs

Pulmonary veinPulmonary vein

Left AtriumLeft Atrium

----------Bicuspid opens----------Bicuspid opens

----------Left Ventricle----------Left Ventricle

Aorta OpensAorta Opens

Coronary arteriesCoronary arteries

TissuesTissuesMovement of Movement of BloodBlood

Compatibility of Blood TypesCompatibility of Blood Types

Blood TypesBlood Types Can Donate Can Donate Blood ToBlood To

Can Accept Can Accept Blood FromBlood From

AA A; ABA; AB A; OA; O

BB B; ABB; AB B; OB; O

ABAB ABAB A; B; AB; OA; B; AB; O

OO A; B; AB; OA; B; AB; O OO

Rh+ ----- with Rh antigen

Rh- ----- without Rh antigen

Rh- mother and Rh+ Father = Rh+ fetus

Rh+ fetal blood can pass through the placenta and enter the maternal circulation

Rh- mother’s immune system can recognize the Rh+ fetus as foreign and therefore produces antibodies against it and destroy the fetus’ RBC = Anemia known as erythroblastosis fetalis or hemolytic anemia

Rh Factor

circulatory system

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