Circulatory and Respiratory Systems

P.3 Q2 2011Christian Ellwood

Alana EastlingMadison Rhodes

Baylen Railey

Circulatory System

• The function is to deliver oxygen to the cells of the body

• It consists of the heart, blood vessels, and blood

Blood

• Plasma; liquid that carries the components

• Platelets; they clot blood

• Blood Cells; carry oxygen with hemoglobin

Right Side of the Heart

• Superior/ inferior Vena Cava; they bring deoxygenated blood into the right atrium

• Right Atrium pumps blood onto the right ventricle through the tricuspid valve

• Right Ventricle pumps blood into the pulmonary arteries through the semi-lunar valve

• From the pulmonary arteries towards the lungs to become oxygenated

Left Side of the Heart

• Pulmonary Veins come back from the lungs with oxygenated blood into the left atrium

• The left atrium pumps the blood through the bicuspid valve into the left ventricle

• The left ventricle pumps the blood into the aorta through the semi-lunar valve

• The aorta takes the oxygenated blood to the rest of the body

Different Blood Vessels

• Arteries; takes blood away from the heart

• Aorta->Arteries->arteriole->capillary

• Veins; bring blood back to the heart

• Veins->venules->capillary

Blood Pressures

• Systolic Pressure; The force felt in the arteries when the ventricles contract

• Diastolic Pressure; The force felt in the arteries when the ventricles relax

Respiratory System

• The function is to bring about the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the blood, the air, and the tissues

• Consist of the nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea, and lungs

Parts of the Lungs

• Trachea; branches off into tubes, each called Bronchus, which branch off into Bronchioles and end in Alveoli

Gas Exchange

• Capillaries surround the alveoli to perform gas exchange

• Deoxygenated blood diffuses carbon dioxide through the alveoli while oxygen from the lungs diffuses from the alveoli to the capillaries

Breathing

• The diaphragm is a flat muscle below the chest cavity

• During inhalation, the volume of the lungs increase while the pressure decrease and the diaphragm relaxes

• During exhalation, the volume in the lungs decrease while the pressure of the lungs increase and the diaphragm contracts

Questions 1

1.What are the components of the circulatory system?

• A) lungs, heart, brain

• B) blood, heart, blood vessels

• C) lungs, trachea, mouth

• D) oxygen, carbon dioxide, calcium

2. The arteries always take ___?

• A) deoxygenated blood

• B) oxygenated blood

• C) blood away from the heart

• D) blood towards the heart

Questions 2• 3. The veins have___?• A) valves• B) arterioles• C) Thick, strong walls• D) capillaries• 4. The tricuspid valve leads from the ____?• A) left ventricle to aorta• B) left atrium to left ventricle• C) right ventricle to right ventricle• 5. Which chamber of the heart is the strongest and has the thickest walls?• A) right atrium• B) left atrium• C) left ventricle• D) right ventricle

Questions 3• 6. Which blood vessel is generally the smallest?• A) arteries• B) capillaries• C) veins• 7. What type of muscle is the heart made of?• A) smooth• B) skeletal• C) cardiac• 8. Which vessels give blood supply to the heart?• A) pulmonary arteries• B) vena cava• C) pulmonary veins• D) coronary arteries

Questions 4• 9. The aorta is the biggest ____?• A) artery• B) vein• C) heart• D) capillary• 10. brain : nerves :: ____:_____• A) heart : muscle• B) heart : blood vessels• C) lungs : mouth• D) lungs : blood• 11. Valves in the heart prevent ______?• A) black-flow of the blood• B) lub-dub sound• C) breathing normally• D) circulation of blood throughout the body

Questions 5• 12. Which protein carries oxygen in the red blood cells?• A) pepsin• B) alveoli• C) hemoglobin• D) platelet• 13. What clots blood after injury?• A) lymphocytes• B) hemoglobin• C) plasma• D) platelet• 14. What machine measures blood pressure?• A) stethoscope• B) X-ray• C) MRI• D) sphygmomanometer

Questions 6

• 15. Which blood pressure is measured when the ventricles are relaxed?

• A) systolic• B) diastolic• 16. Which blood pressure is typically higher?• A) systolic• B) diastolic• 17. Where does gas exchange occur?• A) trachea• B) tongue• C) alveoli• D) esophagus

Questions 7

• 18. When does the diaphragm contract?• A) during inhalation• B) during exhalation• C) when you hold your breath• 19. How are pressure and volume in the lungs related?• A) inversely• B) directly• 20. The epiglottis covers the trachea when you swallow

food.• A) true• B) false

Key

1. B)

2. C)

3. A)

4. D)

5. C)

6. B)

7. C)

8. D)

9. A)

10. B)

11. A)

12. C)

13. D)

14. D)

15. B)

16. A)

17. C)

18. B)

19. A)

20. B)

Sources

• http://masterpclass.com/funlessonpackages/heart/heartflowdiagram.jpg

http://www.fanshawec.ca/lo/Gallery/diagram/bloodflowheartsection.gif

http://www.umm.edu/respiratory/images/respiratory_anatomy.jpg