China and the Rise of

CommunismDemocracy’s Failed

Ground

Guomindang Chaos

1913-16, Sun Yat-Sen overthrew Pu Yi with help of Gen. Yuan Shigai

CIVIL WAR as Shigai wants to be emperor. Sun wins… eventually.

Victory!!!... ish.By 1920, Guomindang wins,

Wants to kick out Europeans (weak from WWI chaos)

Make an alliance with Communists & Mao Zedong

Death, A Change & A Massacre

Sun died in ’25, nationalists led by Chiang Kai-Shek

Fierce anti-communist…

As Europeans leaving, Mao & Chiang call for a meeting of warlords to unite China

‘27 Shanghai Massacre Chiang & Mao kill 34 rivals

The Last War & The Long March

Late 20’s – war between Chiang & Mao

Cornered, Mao leads retreat for survival.

90K plus start it, 9K finish it. Communism on life support

The Long March

Defeat from the Jaws of Victory

1933 – WWII Japanese invasion of Manchuria.

In need of Allies, Guomindang and US turn to Mao for help. NO!!!Mao rebuilds and rearms…

Communism & Taiwan - 1949

War weakens China and the Guomindang

Suffering turns people to Mao’s communism

2nd War won by Mao

Nationalists flee to Taiwan. The reality of two China’s today!

People’s Republic of China, 1949

INSTANT Cold War Collision…

US, fearing spread of Asian communism, tries to stop it in Korea

KOREAN WAR 50-53

China, scared of Truman Doctrine, leaps in to defend her neighbor

Korean Fallout…US comes close to nuclear war

Cease Fire, no treaty…

N Korea still communist AND CRAZY!!!

Kim Jong Il tests nuke 2006

CHINA SECURE

Communist Stability…Now secure, Mao tries to start communist reform

Orders nationalized industry, collective farms… Too slow, people don’t want to leave their land & property

Asks for input of the people1955 - Collects names and kills those who spoke out!!!

100 Flowers Campaign

Great Leap Forward, 1958Says failures from ’55 because he wasn’t bold enough…

MASSIVE collective works forcibly made, large families encouraged

Forgets to order enough food. 15-40 million starve to death

The Cultural Revolution, 1966

Mao thinks China’s past is holding back communist reform …

Little Red BookAll the past is destroyed by the Red GuardOld Leaders killed

Mao Dies – 1976 (YAY!!!)60-80 million dead due to his policies (worst tyrant ever …)China way overpopulated, agricultural and backward

Watch Mao Bio

A Tough Act to FollowDeng Xiaoping the new leader.

Focuses on transitioning from Agriculture to IndustryIllegal to criticize Mao or the Government

1980-Today: RAPID CHANGE

One Child Policy“Capitalism with Chinese Characteristics” slowly encouraged

Leads to greater prosperity in the 1990’sThe workshop of the world now an economic power

Soft Power & Military Power creating influence

However, MANY Internal Issues

Tiananmen Square, April to June, 1989

100K students protest, Troops kill untold numbers…

Human Rights violations & Prison CampsEnvironmental ConcernsPoverty creating anger!!!

Fear of what will happen if economy slows…

The Future…

Where will Xi Xinping lead China?