children with special needs presentation

7/30/2019 Children With Special Needs Presentation

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Lindsay Baczkowski, Marcela Mora, and Carlyn Vautin


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Hypothesis Special needs children can be

integrated into the classroom

with proper knowledge,supervision, and aid.


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What are special needs?

Special needs is an umbrella term.

There can be serious or mild mental disabilities,

allergies or illness, psychiatric problems, or

developmental delays. Mental/Cognitive, Health/Physical, and

Behavioral


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Cognitive/MentalSpecial Needs


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Asperger's Syndrome

Pervasive developmental disorder (delays in

basic skills), similar to autism but more common

The cause is unknown, but may be hereditary

Usually diagnosed between the years of 2-6

Cannot be prevented or cured


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Symptoms to Watch For

Bad social skills: difficulty interacting with peers,

cannot carry a conversation

Eccentric or repetitive behaviors, such as

wringing his/her hands

Unusual preoccupations, may develop strict

rituals


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Cannot communicate, little eye contact, misuse

of gestures

Limited interests- may obsess over one area of

interest Bad coordination, seems clumsy

Highly skilled in one area, an exceptional talent


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Treatment

While there is no Asperger's medication, one can

take medication for symptoms (anxiety, depression,

and OCD)

Therapy: (physical, speech, or occupational)

Behavior modification strategies can be

implemented to support positive behavior

Special Education


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Attention Deficit Hyperactivity

Disorder ADD and ADHD A neurobiological condition in which low attention and

concentration and high impulsivity and distractibility

become inappropriate Normally signs are seen before age 7, but tricky to tell

as young children are naturally fidgety

While some children are hyperactive, others with

ADD/ADHD are spacey and unmotivated


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What Does ADHD Look Like?

Classroom

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zgklMmsJ

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Signs

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=puCX3LwH

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http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zgklMmsJRyohttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zgklMmsJRyohttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=puCX3LwHj7Ahttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=puCX3LwHj7Ahttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=puCX3LwHj7Ahttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=puCX3LwHj7Ahttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zgklMmsJRyohttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zgklMmsJRyo


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Inattention: Little attention to details, easilydistracted, appears not to listen when spoken to,difficulty remembering things and followinginstructions, disorganized and loses work, getsbored with a task before its completed

Hyperactivity: Constantly squirming, leaves his/herseat, goes against the rules, talks excessively,always on the go, difficulty playing quietly andstaying still, quick temper


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Impulsivity: acts without thinking, blurts out

answers, cant wait in line, often interrupts

others, guesses rather than solves, inability to

keep emotions in check (temper tantrums)


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Treatment

Medication can be prescribed (common prescriptionsare Vyvanse, Adderall, and Ritalin) but many parents

disagree with this option

Therapy and counseling can help children with

ADD/ADHD

Behavior therapy

Psychotherapy

Parenting Skills

Social Skills Training


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Sensory Integrative Dysfunction

Sensory integration is the inability to take in information

from the senses

Bad neural processing of senses can lead to traffic

jams in the brain, and signals can get mixed up

Dysfunction can be detrimental to a childs development

This can lead to the development of a poor self concept,

and make it difficult for he/she to work with others


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Attention and Regulatory problems The child can inhibit nonessential sensory information,

and is considered distractible

Always on alert, he/she notices sounds like a fan or fridge

that other people tune out, or is unresponsive to stimuli

Sensory Defensiveness

fight, flight, or fright

Highly aroused nervous system that does not distinguish

between harmful and not harmful stimuli


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Activity Levels

Disorganized, does not explore, has poor balance,

difficulty calming oneself, seeks excessive sensory

input

Behavior

Everything in extremes


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Treatment

Integrate therapy and play Getting sensory input is important

Swinging on a swing or climbing the monkey bars

can help a child focus and develop further

Practice basics: practice putting on socks, tying

a shoe, and fastening a button


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Treatment

Children with SPD get discouraged easily, so

give them extra encouragement

Focus on the child: each has individual needs

Identify what makes him/her feel good and give the

child opportunity to experience it


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Tourette's Syndrome

A neurological disorder illustrated throughinvoluntary sporadic body movements and

sounds

It is inherited Psychological factors can influence its severity

In a few cases, these vocalizations can include

curse words (called coprolalia)


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Eye blinking

Repeated throat clearing

Arm thrusting

Kicking movements

Shoulder shrugging

Jumping


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Treatment

Creating a safe, comfortable environment at schooland at home is key in coping with this disorder

There is no cure for Tourette's, but medicine can

decrease tics

Counseling can be helpful as well if the tics areimpacting the childs daily life more than expected

Behavior therapies are another option as well, such

as habit reversal


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Individualized Education Program

IEP

An IEP helps a child who has a disability reach

all their educational capabilities

Tailored to fit each child, each must go throughan IEP evaluation process to help teachers

further understand their disability


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Individualized Education Program

An IEP assesses the disability as a well, the

curriculum, and develops goals for the child to reach

depending on his or her learning development

The goal is to be in the least restrictive environmentpossible

It must be maintained through high school and

updated when necessary


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Triggers and Cues As teachers, be aware of the signs

Any words, sounds, or gestures that signal distress

should be picked up immediately

Each are specific to the child, and develop their own

cues to trigger events, letting adults who spend time

with them consistently to become aware there is a

problem

Such cues can be becoming ill, sweating, gestures,

expressions, becoming withdrawn or irritable, or having a

tantrum


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Triggers and Cues

Providing support and attention to these triggers is thekey to keeping the child in control and safe at all times

Parents, teachers, and doctors need to communicate

and share information about triggers on a regular basis,

because each see the child at different situations

Some children will need special training to develop

control (learnt through their IEP) so the child can

respond appropriately in times of stressful conditions

Adults should still be aware the child will respond with less self

control at such times of stress


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Children With

Emotional/Behavioral

Special Needs


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Children With

Emotional/Behavioral Disorders Display behavior that is not typical for

children their age

Disorders can be external or internal

1 in 5 children suffer from an

emotional/behavioral disorder

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xZ_fOQ

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http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xZ_fOQgTadohttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xZ_fOQgTadohttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xZ_fOQgTadohttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xZ_fOQgTado


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Types

External disorders

- Children display verbal and physically aggressive behaviors

- Signs: hitting or fighting others, yelling or cursing, stealing,

lying, destroying personal property, not following directions,

unexpectedly getting up from seat, refusal to respond toteacher

- As result, children are often excluded from peers

- ADHD (attention deficit hyperactivity disorder), bipolar

disorder, O.C.D (obsessive compulsive disorder)


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Types-Continued

Internal disorders

- Not seen as a threat to peers

- Seen as antisocial for extreme lack ofsocial interaction

- Examples: depression, anxieties/fears,

anorexia


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Relationships

Negatively impacted- lower levels of empathy for others,low participation in curricular activities, and often lack

quality relationships

External- behaviors of aggression often causes rejection

from peers out of fear Internal- distance themselves from peers and become

antisocial

Lack of interaction can severely impede social

development skills


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Causes

No known causes

Many identified causes can be traced back to

childs family

Child is more at risk if he if she encountersabuse, lack of discipline, family history of mental

illness, and were exposed to drugs as a fetus


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Academic Achievement

Negatively impacted

Most children are one or

more years below grade

level in competency

exams

Deficiencies in math and

reading

Recent studies have

shown

- Lowest attendance rate of

any group of students

- 20-25% of these students

graduate from high

school


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Mainstream into Classroom Contact childs parents and school psychologist to make them aware

of the situation and discuss treatment options

Brainstorm ways to integrate the child into everyday classroom

activities (partnership between parents, student, psychologist, and

teacher)

Instruction is individualized to the student because every case is

unique (integration techniques are unique not universal for eachstudent)

Develop short and long term goals for the student that are

reevaluated regularly for reinforcement

Expectations of the student remain high and equal to other students

in the class


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Target

Behavior

Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday

Stay seated

at desk

Raise hand

before

speaking in

large group

Stay ontask

My goal is to get 2 checks per day.

Parent signature_______________________


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Resources

http://www.localhealth.com/article/behavioral-disorders

http://www.gallaudet.edu/clerc_center/information_and_resources/in

fo_to_go/educate_children_(3_to_21)/students_with_disabilities/em

otionalbehavioral_disorders.html

http://www.education.com/reference/article/children-emotional-behavioral-disorders/

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xZ_fOQgTado
http://www.localhealth.com/article/behavioral-disordershttp://www.gallaudet.edu/clerc_center/information_and_resources/info_to_go/educate_children_(3_to_21)/students_with_disabilities/emotionalbehavioral_disorders.htmlhttp://www.gallaudet.edu/clerc_center/information_and_resources/info_to_go/educate_children_(3_to_21)/students_with_disabilities/emotionalbehavioral_disorders.htmlhttp://www.gallaudet.edu/clerc_center/information_and_resources/info_to_go/educate_children_(3_to_21)/students_with_disabilities/emotionalbehavioral_disorders.htmlhttp://www.education.com/reference/article/children-emotional-behavioral-disorders/http://www.education.com/reference/article/children-emotional-behavioral-disorders/http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xZ_fOQgTadohttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xZ_fOQgTadohttp://www.education.com/reference/article/children-emotional-behavioral-disorders/http://www.education.com/reference/article/children-emotional-behavioral-disorders/http://www.education.com/reference/article/children-emotional-behavioral-disorders/http://www.education.com/reference/article/children-emotional-behavioral-disorders/http://www.education.com/reference/article/children-emotional-behavioral-disorders/http://www.education.com/reference/article/children-emotional-behavioral-disorders/http://www.education.com/reference/article/children-emotional-behavioral-disorders/http://www.gallaudet.edu/clerc_center/information_and_resources/info_to_go/educate_children_(3_to_21)/students_with_disabilities/emotionalbehavioral_disorders.htmlhttp://www.gallaudet.edu/clerc_center/information_and_resources/info_to_go/educate_children_(3_to_21)/students_with_disabilities/emotionalbehavioral_disorders.htmlhttp://www.gallaudet.edu/clerc_center/information_and_resources/info_to_go/educate_children_(3_to_21)/students_with_disabilities/emotionalbehavioral_disorders.htmlhttp://www.localhealth.com/article/behavioral-disordershttp://www.localhealth.com/article/behavioral-disordershttp://www.localhealth.com/article/behavioral-disorders


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Physical Disabilities


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The strongest people aren

t always

the people who win, but the people

who dont give up when they lose

- Ashley Hodgeson


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http://www.youtube.co

m/watch?v=YPafVblB

xj4


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What is it?

Affects mobility or dexterityPermanent intermittent temporary


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Causes

Congenital factors Trauma/accident

Infection

Degeneration Disease

Chronic medical condition


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Types

Paralysis

Amputation

Spinal injury

Arthritis

Cerebral Palsy

Multiple Sclerosis

Muscular Dystrophy

Post-polio Syndrome

Spina Bifida

Motor Neurone Disease


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Treatment in Classroom

Assistive TechnologyGoing to and from Class

In class: Facilitate Learning and success

Out-of-class


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Strategies

Ensuring acceptance Making allowances for

students fatigue

Ensuring safe andaccessible environment

Provide understandingand interaction

Provide time for re-teaching

Provide alternative methodsof evaluation

Engage peers Ensure opportunities for

involvement


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How it affects relationships


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Challenges

Internalize anger/frustration Stress and Depression

Parent

s depressive symptoms Discrimination

Accessibility


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Symbolic Interaction Theory

Attaching meaning from experiencesMemorable Unique positive

Interaction with peers


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With special instruction, IEPs, andwatching out for triggers and cues,

special needs children can be

mainstreamed into the classroomto be with their peers.


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Questions!

What is not a symptom of Tourettes?

A.Kicking

B.JumpingC.Eye blinking

D.Staying still

R


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Resources http://www.helpguide.org/mental/adhd_add_signs

_symptoms.htm http://www.webmd.com/brain/autism/mental-health-aspergers-syndrome?page=2

http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/adhd/DS00275/DSECTION=treatments-and-drugs

http://www.tsbvi.edu/seehear/fall97/sensory.htm

http://www.muhlenberg.edu/careercenter/emplguide/cognitive.html

http://www.nasponline.org/resources/crisis_safety/

specpop_general.aspx http://www.citizensinformation.ie/en/education/the

_irish_education_system/special_education.html
http://www.helpguide.org/mental/adhd_add_signs_symptoms.htmhttp://www.helpguide.org/mental/adhd_add_signs_symptoms.htmhttp://www.webmd.com/brain/autism/mental-health-aspergers-syndrome?page=2http://www.webmd.com/brain/autism/mental-health-aspergers-syndrome?page=2http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/adhd/DS00275/DSECTION=treatments-and-drugshttp://www.mayoclinic.com/health/adhd/DS00275/DSECTION=treatments-and-drugshttp://www.tsbvi.edu/seehear/fall97/sensory.htmhttp://www.muhlenberg.edu/careercenter/emplguide/cognitive.htmlhttp://www.muhlenberg.edu/careercenter/emplguide/cognitive.htmlhttp://www.nasponline.org/resources/crisis_safety/specpop_general.aspxhttp://www.nasponline.org/resources/crisis_safety/specpop_general.aspxhttp://www.citizensinformation.ie/en/education/the_irish_education_system/special_education.htmlhttp://www.citizensinformation.ie/en/education/the_irish_education_system/special_education.htmlhttp://www.citizensinformation.ie/en/education/the_irish_education_system/special_education.htmlhttp://www.citizensinformation.ie/en/education/the_irish_education_system/special_education.htmlhttp://www.nasponline.org/resources/crisis_safety/specpop_general.aspxhttp://www.nasponline.org/resources/crisis_safety/specpop_general.aspxhttp://www.muhlenberg.edu/careercenter/emplguide/cognitive.htmlhttp://www.muhlenberg.edu/careercenter/emplguide/cognitive.htmlhttp://www.tsbvi.edu/seehear/fall97/sensory.htmhttp://www.mayoclinic.com/health/adhd/DS00275/DSECTION=treatments-and-drugshttp://www.mayoclinic.com/health/adhd/DS00275/DSECTION=treatments-and-drugshttp://www.mayoclinic.com/health/adhd/DS00275/DSECTION=treatments-and-drugshttp://www.mayoclinic.com/health/adhd/DS00275/DSECTION=treatments-and-drugshttp://www.mayoclinic.com/health/adhd/DS00275/DSECTION=treatments-and-drugshttp://www.mayoclinic.com/health/adhd/DS00275/DSECTION=treatments-and-drugshttp://www.webmd.com/brain/autism/mental-health-aspergers-syndrome?page=2http://www.webmd.com/brain/autism/mental-health-aspergers-syndrome?page=2http://www.webmd.com/brain/autism/mental-health-aspergers-syndrome?page=2http://www.webmd.com/brain/autism/mental-health-aspergers-syndrome?page=2http://www.webmd.com/brain/autism/mental-health-aspergers-syndrome?page=2http://www.webmd.com/brain/autism/mental-health-aspergers-syndrome?page=2http://www.webmd.com/brain/autism/mental-health-aspergers-syndrome?page=2http://www.helpguide.org/mental/adhd_add_signs_symptoms.htmhttp://www.helpguide.org/mental/adhd_add_signs_symptoms.htm


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Conclusion

children with special needs presentation

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