child brides
DESCRIPTION
2014 Uluslararası Bilişimci Lider Martılar Projeleri_No 12 2014 International ICT Leading Seagulls Projects #12TRANSCRIPT
RED RIBBON
THE MEMBERS
• EMBİE KARAALİ• KEVSER ASLAN• MERVE ARABUL• AYŞE TUBA METE
CONTENT• DEFINITION OF THE PROBLEM• WHY DID WE CHOOSE THIS PROJECT?• LITERATURE REVİEW• ANALYSING OF CURRENT SITUATION• VIDEO• FISHBONE• REASONS OF INCREASING THE CHILD BRIDES• BRAINSTORMING• INTERVIEW• CHILD BRIDE IN MEDIA• SOLUTION SUGGESTIONS• GANT CHART• RECOMMENDATIONS• REFERENCES
DEFINITION OF THE PROBLEM
• WHO IS CHILD?• WHAT ARE THE CHILD’S RIGHTS?• WHO IS CHILD BRIDE?
WHO IS CHILD?• A child means every human being below the
age of 18 years unless under the law applicable to the child, majority is attained earlier.
KEEPCALM
AND
RESPECT CHILDREN RIGHTS
WHAT ARE THE CHILD’S RIGHTS?• Education• Living, surviving and growth rights• Freedom of thought and opinion• Security and safety rights• Protection of child• Respect the child
WHO IS CHILD BRIDE?
• According to civil law, minimum age of mariage is 18, 17 with parental consent, 16 in special circumstances with court approval.
• According to Turkish criminal law, children mariage under the 18 age is seen as crime.
Why did we choose this issue ?
LITERATURE REVİEW
• Child brides or early marriages are marriages that exist without any physically, physiologically and psychologically preparation of the child to take responsibility of the marriage and having children(Boran,2013)
• The early marriage of a girl, generally to an older man, results in ending her childhood, shortens her education, increases the risk of domestic violance and early, frequent and riskly pregnancies(Warner, 2013)
• The reason for early marriages of the girls might be economical problems, worry about protecting the honour of the family by reducing the possibility of sexual relationship before marriage, being easy to control women married early and their having much more children.(Yüksel,2012)
• Child marriages are more widespread among societies that marriage is common, patriarchal, and have low socio-economic status(Yüksel,2012)
CHILD MARRIAGES IN THE WORLD
36% of women between 20-24 ages get married before 18 whole over the world. In Sought Asia, 48% of women between 15-24 ages get married before 18, in Africa 42%,in Latin America and Caribbean 29%.In Yemen and Palestine, 50% of women are married under 18.In India, 40-60% of the girls are child brides.In Afghanistan, 50% of girls, in Bangladesh 51% of girls get married before 18.(Boran,2013)
Legal Age of Marriage in the World
Generally, the age of marriage for males is 18, but for females it differs. The age of marriage for females is generally under 18. Even if the legal
age is 18, with parental consent, girls might marry under 18. In Guatemala and Panama, girls
can be married at 14 with parental consent. In Syrie, a 13 year old girl can be married with
parental consent. In Saudi Arabia, there is no legal age of marriage.
• The United Nations Population Found(UNFPA)says that140 million girls will get married before they do not come 18.
CHILD BRIDES IN TURKEY(age of first marriage by sex,%)
by Family Structure Survey, 2006
-18 18-24 25-29 30-34 35+0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
male female
Distribution of Percentage of Early Marriage: 1993-2008(by TNSA)
West South Middle North East Turkey0
10
20
30
40
50
60
1993199820032008
Child marriage is an appalling violation of human rights and robs
girls of their education,health and long-term prospects.A girl who is married as a child is one whose potential will not
be fulfilled.Since many parent and communities also want the very best for their daughters, we must work together and end child marriage
Dr.Babatunde Osotimein
Analysis of Current Situation
According to International Strategic Research Organization (USAK)
-14 million girls under the age of 18 marry each year in Turkey
That’s around …
1,166,666 a month
269230 a week
38,461 a day
27 every minute
- Child bride rate is %41.9 in Van- Turkey comes second in countries considered European, with
a 14% child marriage rate after Georgia whose rate is 17%- http://www.turkishweekly.net/news/126601/-usak-report-turkey-second-in-europe-in-early-marriage.html
What kind of problems they had ?
• Vilonce• Abuse• Forced sexuel relations• Poor sexual and reproductive health• Illiteracy and lack of education ( Illeteracy
level is 73% )
Brainstorming
Reasonf of Child marriage :A) Lack of EducationB) LawC) PovertyD) Sociocultural structureE) Gender inequalityF) Negative traditional practices
Reasons Lack of Education
Law Poverty Socioculturel Structure
Gender inequality
Negative Traditional Pratices
MERVE 5 6 4 3 1 2
KEVSER 5 4 2 6 3 1
AYŞE TUBA
5 4 6 1 2 3
EMBİE 3 5 6 4 1 2
TOPLAM 18 19 18 14 7 8
MATRİX
FishbonePoverty
Dowry
Berdel (Exchange of brides)
Socioculturel Structure Patriarchal
society
Tore
Law
Legal gaps
Insufficient punishment
Lack of Education
Lack of parental education
Lacf ofEducation in the region
Why child bride is so common in turkey?
INTERVIEW
So,
What is happening in Turkey?
KADER
• According to Turkish Statistical Institute, in 2012 number of child bride was 42.000. 7 May 2013
In Izmir, Esmanur Ağıç,16 years old, was married off with her
cousin. Then she hear that her lower was knifed, and she
commited a suicide. 24 February 2013
• Court of cassation repeal the punishment for man who get married with a young girl because the girl was lying about her own age.16 April 2013
Do You Know?
The famous Turkish song ‘Kimseye Etmem Şikayet’ was written by Ihsan Raif who is married with force at 13. After marriage, she wrote it so as to explain herself. Now, Mehmet Öklü published a book which is about the life of Ihsan Raif and gave the name of song to book. 24 June 2013
• In Kayseri, 300 women provided job for 18 girls who wants to marry to survive. 22 May 2013
‘We have a lot of rights which we are not aware.’
(HALİME in Literacy Course)
BERİVANOne of the first woman mayor
SURVEY
1. QUESTION
• In your opinion, how old is youngest «child bride» in Turkey?
25% : 1221% : 11
• ANSWER: 9
2. QUESTION
• In your opinion, what is the percentage of «child bride» in population of marriage women in the world?
22% (people said) : 10%18,75% (people said) : 20%1 (person said) : 0,1%
• ANSWER: 36%
3. QUESTION
• In your opinion, what is the percentage of «child bride» in population of marriage women in Turkey?
24% (people said) : 30%15% : 20%15% : 10%
• ANSWER: 29,2%
4. QUESTION• Is there any difference among different geographical regions in
Turkey? In which region, its percentage is high? In which region, it is low?
61% : East R 33% : Southern East R HIGH 6% : West R (villages)
50% : Mediterranean R 44,5% : Aegean R LOW 5,5% : Marmara R
• ANSWER: • Highest: East R: 42%, second: Central Anatolian R: 37%• Lowest: Aegean R: 23% , second: Black Sea R: 23%
5. QUESTION• What is the main reasons of «child bride»?
Education: 14 people Economical problems: 10 people Moral laws: 6 people Violation of women rights: 3 people Family: family pressure: 2 people
crowded family: 2 people world view of family: 1 person
Chastity, honor: 1 person Inhumanity: 1 person The lack of prohibitions and punishment: 1 person Being unaware of human rights: 1 person Social structure: 1 person Misunderstanding of religion: 1 person
6. QUESTION• Do you think there is any change between today and past
years in CB situation? Or it will change at the future? Can you associate these with any thing? What are those things?
80% said: it is decreasing 15% said: it is stable (not represented). 5% said: it will increase (due to government policy)
• ANSWER: There is a decrease in CB comparing with past. 1993: 43% 1998: 39% 2003: 34% 2008: 28%
7. QUESTION• If you have any, what are your solution proposals?
Education Seminars in Family Health Foundatins in each district Birth control methods Rasing awareness about the education of girls Extending social foundations Make women to aware of their own rights Clarifying and sharpening the laws Government’s supervision, control and aid about the education of girls Preventing the moral laws Strenghtening the social government approaches Family consciousness Increasing the social campaings and projects like «Baba Beni Okula
Gönder»
How Can We Do?
Teachers
Doctors
Lawyers
Police
Parents
Relatives
GANTT CHART
RECOMMENDATIONS• United Nations Children’s Rights
(Ankara,1999)• Flying Broom Foundation http://
www.ucansupurge.org/turkce/index.php
• Films: Lal Gece Halam Geldi Çocuk Gelinler Belgeseli(CNN)
REFERENCES
• Boran, P; Gökçay, G; Devecioğlu, E; and Eren, T; 2013. Çocuk Gelinler, Marmara Medical Journal, Vol:26 pg 58-62
• Family Structure Survey, 2006, TUIK• İsmetoğlu, M; Memişoğlu, S.P. 2013. Zorunlu Eğitimde 4+4+4
Uygulamasına İlişkin Okul Yöneticilerinin Görüşleri. Eğitim ve Öğretim Araştırmaları Dergisi. Cilt 2:2:2. pg 14-24.
• Köksal,H. İMECE Halkaları ve Proje Yönetimi Eğitimi.• Tarımeri,N. 2013. Çocuk gelin Esranur’un Dramı; İmam Nikahı ve
Sorumsuz Sorumluluklar. www.psikososyalhizmet.com.• Warner, 2013, Ending Child Marriage: What Will I Take?• Yüksel-Kaptanoğlu,İ; Ergöçmen, B. 2012. Sosyoloji Araştırmaları
Dergisi. Sosyoloji Derneği, Türkiye; 15:2, pg 129-160.
• http://www.ucansupurge.org/turkce/index.php• http://www.radikal.com.tr/yazarlar/muge_akgun/cocuklar_gelin_olmasin-1166258• http://www.radikal.com.tr/turkiye/cocuk_gelin_olumune_inceleme-1170526• http://www.radikal.com.tr/turkiye/cocuk_gelini_oyun_oynayacagiz_diyerek_gerdege_soktular-117
4761• http://www.radikal.com.tr/turkiye/cocuk_gelindi_baskan_oldu-1184109
Thank You