Chapter 3 Notes

The English Colonies

Essential Question

• What early attempts to claim and settle Couth Carolina by European countries were unsuccessful?

ANSWER:

Essential Question:

• How were early European settlements in the American colonies different and similar in their political, economic, and social institutions?

ANSWER:

Essential Question:

• What effect did geography have on the settlement patterns and characteristics in the 13 colonies and on settlement patterns and characteristics in South Carolina?

ANSWER:

Essential Question:

• Which colonies did not use slave labor? How did colonial Americans address their labor shortages?

ANSWER:

Essential Question:

• What were some of the early steps toward self-government in the colonies?

ANSWER:

King James I

• In 1605, _____ granted the London Company a charter for Virginia.

King James I ordered that the Bible be translated from Latin into English for the first time in history. This helped to take away part of the monopoly of the Catholic Church on the Bible by letting the average English citizen to read and theorize on the scriptures

themselves. That translation is still in use today.

Jamestown

• In April 1607, about 105 men arrived in Virginia and established a settlement called ____.

This was the type of ship that brought colonists to Jamestown.

This is what the settlers houses looked like at Jamestown.

To learn more about Jamestown go to:www.nps.gov/colo/ Jamestwn

home.retropolis.net/ williamsburg/ (To see Pictures)www.rootsweb.com/.../ jamescity/pjamesci.htm (Pictures)

www.beavton.k12.or.us/.../ images/jamestown.jpg

This is a model representation of the Jamestown Settlement.

A Map of Early English Colonies.

To learn about how one may travel across America, go to: www.aspenleaf.com/ eClassroom/flat_teddy3.html

Captain John Smith

• In 1608, _____ took control of the colony, and soon conditions improved.

Powhatan Confederacy

• The ______, an alliance of Algonquin Indians, brought food and taught the colonists to grow North American crops.

Map of Native American Tribes in Virginia

To learn more about the Powhatan Confederacy, go to: www.ohlone.palo-alto.ca.us/.../ tobacco.htm

John Rolfe

• Colonist ______ introduced a new variety of tobacco so the colony could finally make a profit.

To learn more about the introduction of tobacco into the American economy, go to:

www.tobaccoheritage.com/ sovereign_remedy.htm

www.ohlone.palo-alto.ca.us/.../ tobacco.htm

Pocahontas

• ______ was Wahunsonacock’s daughter who married John Rolfe at Jamestown.

Pocahontas dressed for this painting as an English woman. To learn more about her, go to:

www.americaslibrary.gov/cgi-bin/page.cgi/aa/pocahonta

Headright System

• Under the ______, colonists who had paid their own way to Virginia received 50 acres of land plus 50 more for each person they brought.

Indentured Servants

• ______ worked from four to seven years for those who had paid their fare to America.

An alternative after the

headright system was the arrival of slavery.

To learn more, go to: fs2.footeschool.org/ jstetzer/pages/timeline.html

House of Burgesses

• Indentured servants protested at the ______, Virginia’s elected assembly, because taxes were too high.

To learn more about Williamsburg, Virginia; go to:

www.bridgewater.edu/ ~lhill/williamsburg.htm

A Colonial Speech Given Inside the Legislature.

To learn more about the House of Burgesses, go to: www.nps.gov/colo/ Jthanout/1stASSLY.html

Nathaniel Bacon

• ______ and a group of servants attacked Indians in what became known as Bacon’s Rebellion.

To learn more, go to: www.nps.gov/colo/Jthanout/BacRebel.html

Bacon’s Rebellion

• Nathaniel Bacon and a group of servants attacked Indians in what became known as ______.

Pop Quiz #1

• Who was Pocahontas?

• Who were indentured servants?

• Who was Nathaniel Bacon?

• Who was John Smith?

• What was the House of Burgesses?

Pop Quiz # 2

• What was the Powhatan Confederacy?

• Who was John Rolfe?

• What was a headright?

• What was Bacon’s rebellion?

Mini Question

• Why were people in England interested in founding or joining a colony in America?

• Most settlers were adventurers looking for gold.

Mini Question

• How did the Jamestown colonists depend on American Indians, and how did their relationship change over time?

• The Indians brought food and taught the colonists to grow N. American crops.

• A group killed an Indian chief, and the Powhatan struck back.

Mini Question

• What was Virginia’s most important crop, and who worked to produce it?

• Tobacco, and • Indentured servants, then slaves produced it.

Governor William Berkeley

• ______ tried to stop the rebels when they burned Jamestown, but hanged 23 rebels after Bacon’s death.

To learn more, go to: www.nps.gov/colo/ grnspg/gs_pg1.html

Puritans

• A protestant group called the ______ wanted to reform the Church of England from Catholic traditions.

Sect

• ______ means a religious group.

Separatists• ______ were the

most extreme sect of Puritans who wanted to separate from the Church of England.

Pilgrims

• The ______ were a group of separatists who moved to the Netherlands in 1607 to avoid persecution. (Later to America.)

Immigrants

• ______ are people who leave their country of birth.

Many immigrants arrived in the United States with all they had in a bag or suitcase.

To learn more about early immigrants to the U.S., go to:

www.pbs.org/joe hill/ early/immigrants.html

www.nyhistory.org/kidcity/growing.html

Or

www.americaslibrary.gov/cgi-bin/page.cgi/es/ny/museum_

William Bradford

• ______ was a Pilgrim leader in charge of the Mayflower expedition.

To learn more, go to: www.pilgrimhall.org/bradfordwilliam.htm

Mayflower Compact

• The ______ was a legal contract signed by the men to set up a new colony, and wrote down laws that would govern them.

The Mayflower Compact

To learn more, go to: www.pilgrimhall.or

g/museum.htm

Squanto

• ______ spoke English well and showed the settlers how to plant corn, where to fish, and establish peace with the Wampanoag.

Squanto

To learn more and to see an American History slide show, go to: www.fcps.k12.va.us/.../ 1st/famous/slide/squanto/

Other sites are:

www.radiotheatre.org/product/squanto

Or

www.mce.k12tn.net/indians/famous/squanto.htm

Pop Quiz #3

• Who was Squanto?

• Who were the Pilgrims?

• Who were the Puritans?

• Who was William Bradford?

Pop Quiz #4

• What was a sect?

• Who were the Separatists?

• What was the Mayflower Compact?

• Who are immigrants?

Mini Question

• Why did the Pilgrims want to leave England?

• To avoid persecution, and• Practice their religion freely.

Mini Question

• What was the Mayflower Compact, and why was it important?

• A legal contract that • Wrote down the laws that would govern them

Mini Question

• What was life like in Plymouth?

• Nearly half died the first winter.• They met Squanto.• They had their first Thanksgiving.

Dissenters

• ______ are people who disagreed with official opinions.

Great Migration

• The ______ was the movement of some 80,000 people who left England because of economic hardship and religious persecution between 1629 and 1640.

Sometimes religious offenders were sent to the stocks or the rack.

John Winthrop

• ______ was the colonial governor of Massachusetts.

To learn more, go to: www.pbs.org/wnet/historyofus/web03/segment2.html

Covenant

• A ______ is a sacred agreement.

Town meetings

• New Englanders also held ______ to decide local issues.

This is a recent picture of a town meeting in Nantucket, Massachusetts.

Fundamental Orders of Connecticut

• Thomas Hooker established the ______, a system which allowed more people to vote.

•To learn more, go to: www.colonialwarsct.org/ 1639.htm

Important Plans for Early Colonial Government

Here is a map of the Connecticut River and

To learn more about Connecticut, go to:

www.ct.gov/ctportal/cwp/view.asp?a=843&q=246434

Or (see more pictures)

www.viewsof.com/connecticut/connecticut

This is the Connecticut River in Western Massachusetts near Amherst College. A campus photo during fall is

shown on the right.

More Pictures of Western Massachusetts.

Roger Williams

• ______ said the General Court had no religious authority and criticized it for taking American Indian land without paying.To learn more, go to:

www.rogerwilliams.org/biography Or

http://www.pbs.org/wnet/historyofus/web03/segment2

How does this picture of Roger Williams look different?What do you see?

Anne Hutchinson

• ______ was banished from the Puritan colony for openly disagreeing with certain religious beliefs.

To learn more about Anne Hutchinson, go to:

www.annehutchinson.com

Pop Quiz #5

• What was a town meeting?

• Who was John Winthrop?

• Who was Roger Williams?

• What were the Fundamental Orders of Connecticut?

Pop Quiz # 6

• Who was Anne Hutchinson?

• Who were the dissenters?

• What is a covenant?

• Who was the Great Migration?

Mini Question

• What was the Great Migration, and why did it occur?

• The movement of 80,000 people from England • because of economic hardship and religious

persecution.

Mini Question

• What role did religion and the church play in the Massachusetts Bay Colony?

• The made a covenant with God to build the ideal Christian community.

Mini Question

• How did the Puritans respond to dissenters?

• Thomas Hooker left to found Connecticut.• Forced Roger Williams to leave.• Hutchison was banished.• 19 were executed with the Salem Witch Trials.

Cecilius Calvert

• ______ was also called Lord Baltimore and received a charter to establish Maryland as haven for Catholics.

To learn more, go to:

www.newadvent.org/cathen/03193a.htm

Proprietors

• ______ were owners of a colony.

To learn more, go to:

www.newadvent.org/cathen/03193a.htm

Toleration Act of 1649

• The ______ was passed in Maryland to prevent restrictions on the religious freedom of all Christians.

Toleration Act of 1649

To learn more, go to:

www.odur.let.rug.nl/~usa/D/1601-1650/maryland/mta.htm

Or

www.odur.let.rug.nl/~usa/D/1601-1650/maryland/mta_i.htm

Peter Stuyvesant

• ______ took control of the Dutch colony called New Netherland.

To learn more, go to: www.pbs.org/wnet/newyork/laic/episode1/topic2/e1_t2_s3-ps.html

or www.peterstuyvesant.org

Quakers

• The ______ believed in the equality of the sexes before god, and were also known as the Society of Friends.

Quakers

To learn more, go to:

www.stemnet.nf.ca/~wking/blair/friends.htm

William Penn

• ______ was a Quaker, who offered land and religious freedom to immigrants in his colony of Pennsylvania.

To learn more, go to:

www.xroads.virginia.edu/~CAP/PENN/pnhome.html

James Oglethorpe

• ______ established the southern colony of Georgia for English debtors, which outlawed slavery and limited land grants to discourage large plantations.

To learn more, go to:

www.ourgeorgiahistory.com/people/oglethorpe.html

Pop Quiz #7

• What was the Toleration Act of 1649?

• Who was Peter Stuyvesant?

• Who are the Quakers?

• Who was James Oglethorpe?

Pop Quiz # 8

• Who was James Oglethorpe?

• Who was Cecilius Calvert?

• Who were proprietors?

• Who was William Penn?

Mini Question

• Why did Lord Baltimore establish Maryland, and how did it differ from the other colonies?

• So English Catholics could escape religious persecution.

• Maryland was a proprietary colony.

Mini Question

• How did the middle colonies develop?

• The Dutch founded New Netherland (allowed religious toleration)• Duke of York defeated Stuyvesant to get New York• The Duke gave 2 men New Jersey.• William Penn received Pennsylvania.• Penn bought Delaware.

Mini Question

• For whom was the colony of Georgia originally established?

• A colony for English debtors. • (Olglethorpe outlawed slavery and discouraged

plantations.)

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http://images.google.com/images?q=King+James+I&ie=UTF-8&hl=en&btnG=Google+Search 3 July 2004• www.davidlhancock.com/ images/kjbible.jpg

http://images.google.com/images?q=King+James+I&ie=UTF-8&hl=en&btnG=Google+Search 3 July 2004• www.rootsweb.com/.../ jamescity/minature.jpg

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http://images.google.com/images?hl=en&lr=&ie=UTF-8&q=Jamestown+Settlement&btnG=Search 3 July 2004• www.ocean-pro.com/ htmfiles/wasabi.htm

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http://images.google.com/images?hl=en&lr=&ie=UTF-8&q=indentured+servants 3 July 2004• fs2.footeschool.org/ jstetzer/pages/timeline.html

http://images.google.com/images?hl=en&ie=UTF-8&q=Bacon%27s+Rebellion&spell=1 4 July 2004• www.bridgewater.edu/ ~lhill/images/paradecropa.jpg

http://images.google.com/images?hl=en&lr=&ie=UTF-8&q=House+of+Burgesses 3 July 2004• www.nps.gov/colo/ Jthanout/1stASSLY.html

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• www.hypatia.se/indian/ personer/squanto.asp http://images.google.com/images?hl=en&lr=&ie=UTF-8&q=+Squanto 7 July 2004

Reference Page 4 for Pictures• home.sprintmail.com/.../ documents/worthymen.htm

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