chapter 2-england's attempts at colonization

7/31/2019 Chapter 2-England's Attempts at Colonization

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England Rises to Power

Queen Elizabeth I made England the

leader of Protestant states in Europe Established a powerful navy (Sea Dogs)

Sir Francis Drake and others looted Spanish shipsin an undeclared war on Spain

Defeated the Spanish Armada in 1588 andelevated England to the status of EuropeanSuperpower


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Englands Colonial Era Begins

1578- Sir Humphrey Gilbert persuaded

Elizabeth I to charter Englands firstcolonial venture

Failed attempt

1583- Sir Humphrey Gilbert attempts to

colonize America again Failed attempt- on the way back to England

his ship sank and he died along with his crew


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Englands Colonial Era Begins

1584- Sir Walter Raleigh

attempts to establish a colony inAmerica at Roanoke Island

Attempt fails when settlers

couldnt handle the cold winterand caught boat rides home withSir Francis Drake


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The Lost Colony of Roanoke

1587- Sir Walter Raleigh enlists the help

of a joint-stock company to send anothercolonial expedition to Roanoke Island

Supply ships could not leave England in 1588because of the war with Spain

When they finally reached Roanoke in 1590,the colonists were gone (nobody knowswhere)


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Reasons for English Colonies

The lure of gold and silver

The Northwest Passage to Asia Challenge Spains claims in the New

World

Raw materials to supply themanufacturing houses of England


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The Unknown Land

English colonial investors had to

sell America to the averageEnglish citizen through lies

The reality was

Hostile Indians Hideous and desolate wilderness

Hard work and determination would beneeded to make it successful


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Jamestown, Virginia- 1607

1st permanent English settlement inAmerica established in 1607

Virginia Company of London was grantedland from what is now New Jersey toSouth Carolina

Land was granted by King James I in 1606 Settlers sought out a deep water inlet

Chesapeake Bay- 32 miles up the James River


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Settlers built the town on a low-lying

swamp Malaria-infested mosquitoes

Dysentery-infected water wells

No leader to direct the colony

Constant Indian raids


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Jamestown, Virginia

Captain John Smith

Stepped up to lead the colony Worked for peace with the Indians

Divided the land among the colonists

and instituted capitalistic idea ofprivate ownership


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Jamestown, Virginia- 1608-09

Virginia Company of London recruits

new colonists to sail to America andjoin the Jamestonians

John Smith is injured and returns to

England to heal Colony begins to suffer without

Smiths leadership


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Starving Time- Winter of

1609-10 where only 60 ofthe 500 settlers were left in

the spring


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John Rolfe introduces

tobacco to the colony as acash crop

Resulted in the success of

Jamestown and the expansionof the colonists throughoutVirginia


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Jamestown colonists gain more freedomsfrom the company back in England No longer under martial law

Settlers allowed to elect public officials andestablish the House of Burgesses

Respectable women arrive for marriage to

established settlers Slaves arrive from Africa (brought by the

Dutch)


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5,000 settlers arrive in Jamestown

Indentured Servitude Planters/settlers paid the way for other

settlers to come to Virginia in exchange

for years of forced labor until their debtwas paid off


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Indian attack pushes the

colonists back to theoriginal site of

Jamestown


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King James revokes the land

charter and makes Virginia aroyal colony (ruled by him

through an appointed governor)

Elected assembly continues toexist and work with the governor

chapter 2-england's attempts at colonization

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