CHAPTER 17

Revolution and Enlightenment

The Scientific Revolution

In groups of two think about the meaning of the Scientific Revolution Who might be some people that are associated? What are the causes of this? Where in the world might we see this? When might this have begun? Why is it significant to learn about this?

Causes of the Scientific Revolution

Middle Ages “Natural Philosophers” Medieval Scientists Relied on works from Aristotle for their scientific

knowledge By 15th and 16th centuries they begin to abandon their

ancient ideas

Impact of the Renaissance

Renaissance Humanist master Greek/Latin Language Access to works by Ptolemy, Archimedes, and Plato See that not everyone agreed with just Aristotle Opened the doors for information

New Technology

Chronometer: kept the precise time of day to calculate a ship’s position Used by James Cook-successfully maps Australia and

chart the Pacific Ocean.

Mathematics

Francois Viete: 1st to use letters to represent unknown quantities. Laid the foundation of Trigonometry

Simon Stevin: introduced the decimal system John Napier: invented logarithms

Together they made it easier to make calculations critical to math problems

Copernicus, Kepler, Galileo, Newton Great Mathematicians who believed that the secrets of nature

were written in the language of mathematics Through their theories they would be able to prove abstract

theories with clear, logical evidence

Scientific Breakthroughs

Open to page 540 in your textbooks

Complete the organizer for the people, inventions, and theories which relate to the Scientific Revolution

Anything not completed in class will be homework!!!

Roles Jury

Judge= Kai Bailiff=Joey LProsecution Attorney=IrmisPope Urban VIII=Destiny Tommaso Caccini= ValDefense Attorney= Sean KGalileo= Dylan Benedetto Castelli= Joey B

AidanKaylaJustinDeanMeganAbbyChelseaIsabella

SeanTylerEthanWill

Trial of Galileo Role Assignment

Trial of Galileo

Historical figures read your script and begin preparing for our mock trial

Judge debrief your jury on how to come to a conclusion

Complete organizer as you go along

Lets discuss

Women’s Contributions

Margaret Cavendish: wrote Observations Upon Experimental Philosophy, which criticized the idea that humans, through science, were the masters of nature.

Maria Winkelmann: German astronomer who discovered comets, applied for an assistant astronomer position at the Berlin Academy, highly qualified, but denied “Mouths would gape”-Members

Descartes and Rationalism

Rene Descartes: French philosopher who began thinking and writing about the doubt and uncertainty of the 17th century Discourse on Method 1637

“I THINK, THERFORE I AM”

“THE MIND CANNOT BE DOUBTEDBUT THE BODY AND MATERIAL WORLD CAN, THE TWO MUST BE RADICALLY DIFFERENT”

Rationalism: A system of thought based on the belief that reason is the chief source of knowledge

Bacon and the Scientific Method

Francis Bacon: developed the scientific method, and believed in the idea of inductive reasoning

Inductive Reasoning: proceeding from the particular and moving to the general.

Scientific Method: a systematic procedure for collecting and analyzing evidence.

Science, Technology, and Society

Open to page 544

Complete the organizer as it relates to the chart

Answer the questions in full detail!

Applying the Scientific Method Packet

Work in groups to complete the packet

Try your best to answer each question

CHAPTER 17-2

The Enlightenment

HOW DID THE ENLIGHTENMENT IMPACT THE DEVELOPMENT OF AMERICAN IDEAS ABOUT THE ROLE OF GOVERNMENT, LAW,

RELIGION, AND EDUCATION.

DO NOW:Respond to the following question

The Impact of the Enlightenment

Natural Rights for all People Equality before the law Freedom of religious worship Freedom of speech Freedom of the press Right to assemble Hold property Pursue happiness

Enlightenment and Absolutism

People needed to be governed by Enlightened rulers Ensure religious toleration, freedom of speech and

press, and the rights of private property Must nurture arts, sciences, and education Above all obey the laws and enforce them fairly for all

subjects

Enlightened Absolutism

Enlightened Absolutism: new type of monarchy in which rulers tried to govern by Enlightenment principles while remaining powerful

Did Europe’s rulers actually follow the ideals of the Enlightenment?

Enlightened Ruler Interview

Each group will read/research information about their Enlightened ruler.

Assign roles and tasks for each group member.

Create an interview on your ruler with Question/Answer style.

CHAPTER 17-4

The American Revolution

The American Revolution Begins

After Seven Years War Great Britain wants new revenues from colonies

Cover war costs Cover expenses of maintaining army to defend colonies

Stamp Act of 1765: required certain printed materials such as legal documents and newspapers, to carry a stamp showing that a tax had been paid to Britain. Opposition widespread and violent Repealed in 1766 First Continental Congress meets in 1774

Too Late to Apologize

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uZfRaWAtBVg

Reading Like a Historian

Read Documents A-C

Use the organizer to write down key ideas within each document

We will reconvene in 15 minutes

Why were the colonists upset about the Stamp Act?

Why were colonists upset about the Stamp Act?

Was the Stamp Act an unreasonable and unfair tax?

Were the British violating colonists’ rights?

How were the colonists behaving in response to the Stamp Act?

Some historians have argued that the American Revolution happened because a few rich leaders riled up all the poor people. Do these documents provide evidence for argument? Is that evidence believable?

American Revolution Begins

Lexington and Concord: April of 1775 fighting breaks out between British and Americans Second Continental Congress: establishes George

Washington as Commander in Chief

July 4th 1776: Second Continental Congress approves the Declaration of Independence written by Thomas Jefferson

British Defeat

French supplied Americans Arms and money Troops/Commanders 1778 Diplomatic Recognition of USA

Spain and Dutch Republic Enter war British face two front war

General Cornwallis Surrenders Yorktown 1781 Treaty of Paris 1783

Recognized independence of colonies Granted Americans control of land from Appalachian to

Mississippi

Bill of Rights Rap

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tlt6R1KD4E0