chapter 13-1 charlemagne unites germanic kingdoms
DESCRIPTION
Chapter 13-1 Charlemagne Unites Germanic Kingdoms. Main Idea: Many Germanic Kingdoms that succeeded the Roman Empire were reunited under Charlemagne’s empire. Middle Ages. The period of European History that is also known as the medieval period from 500-1500 A.D. Roots: - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Middle AgesMiddle Ages
The period of European History that is also known as the medieval period from 500-1500 A.D.
Roots:
Classical Rome
Roman Catholic Church
Customs of Germanic tribes
PeriodizationPeriodizationPeriodizationPeriodization
Early Middle Ages: 500 – 1000
High Middle Ages: 1000 – 1250
Late Middle Ages: 1250 - 1500
Europe in the 6cEurope in the 6cEurope in the 6cEurope in the 6c
Changes in Western Europe
Germanic invaders overrun the western part of the Roman Empire
disruption of trade caused money to become scarce
cities were abandoned
nobles fled to the rural areas
The Fall of the Roman Empire
The Decline of Learning
Few people except church people could read or write
Greek knowledge almost lost
Germanic tribes had no written language
* Causes Latin to change
* Different dialects to develop
( French & Spanish evolve)
Germanic Kingdoms Emerge
• Focus on personal relationships
• No loyalty to a king they never saw
-> did not pay tax
collectors• Warriors loyal to
the local noble
Clovis Rules the Franks
• Franks control the Roman province of Gaul
- France & Switzerland• Leader was Clovis
- wife urged him to convert to Christianity
- After winning battle, he & 3,000 warriors baptized
Clovis Rules the Franks
The name Clovis would eventually evolve into the name Louis
the most popular French name
Faith of the Middle Ages
• Christianity• Monasteries -
monks• Convents - nuns• Places of religious
study
A Medieval Monastery: The A Medieval Monastery: The ScriptoriumScriptoriumA Medieval Monastery: The A Medieval Monastery: The ScriptoriumScriptorium
Illuminated ManuscriptsIlluminated Manuscripts
A Medieval Monk’s DayA Medieval Monk’s DayA Medieval Monk’s DayA Medieval Monk’s Day
The The Medieval Catholic Church Catholic ChurchThe The Medieval Catholic Church Catholic Church
St. Benedict – Benedictine Rule of poverty, chastity, and obedience.
provided schools for the children of the upper class.
inns, hospitals, refuge in times of war.
libraries & scriptoria to copy books and illuminate manuscripts.
monks missionaries to the barbarians. ]
St. Benedict 480-543
Gregory I• 590: Gregory I
Pope- Head of the church of Rome
• Church became secular involved in
politics- giving money to governments
money used for armies, roads, & poor
Charles Martel (“The Hammer”) 714-741
• Major Domo (mayor of the palace) became more powerful than king
• Extended Frank rule
Charles Martel (“The Hammer”) 714-741
• Battle of Tours (732)– Defeats
Muslims from Spain
– If lost, W. Europe might become part of Muslim Empire
• Made him a Christian hero
Pepin the Short (741-768)
• Son of Charles and becomes major domo
• Helps Pope fight the Lombards in Italy
• Pope crowns him King = Carolingian Dynasty
The Carolingian RenaissanceThe Carolingian RenaissanceThe Carolingian RenaissanceThe Carolingian Renaissance
Charlemagne: 768 to 814Charlemagne: 768 to 814Charlemagne: 768 to 814Charlemagne: 768 to 814
Charlemagne (Charles the Great) 768-814
• His armies reunite Western Europe
• Spreads Christianity• 800: Goes to Rome to
protect Pope Leo III from mobs
• Pope crowns him emperor given title “Emperor of Rome”
• Franks, Church, and Roman heritage now united
Charlemagne’s EmpireCharlemagne’s EmpireCharlemagne’s EmpireCharlemagne’s Empire
Pope Crowned CharlemagnePope Crowned CharlemagneHoly Roman Emperor: Dec. 25, 800Holy Roman Emperor: Dec. 25, 800Pope Crowned CharlemagnePope Crowned CharlemagneHoly Roman Emperor: Dec. 25, 800Holy Roman Emperor: Dec. 25, 800
Charlemagne’s Legacy• Limited authority
of nobles by sending royal agents to watch over them
• Encourages learning and orders monasteries to open schools to train more monks
Weak Heirs• Louis the Pious
(son) rules poorly• His 3 grandsons
fight over control of the empire
Lothair
Charles the
Bald
Louis the German
• 843: Treaty of Verdun divides empire into 3 areas
Charlemagne’s Empire Collapses:Treaty of Verdun, 843Charlemagne’s Empire Collapses:Treaty of Verdun, 843