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Chapter 12

On The Original Expectancy Theory

By Victor H.Vroom

1. keyword

Expectancy =

!"#$!#%&"'()*(!"#$+,-./,/%012(344'567&8928#("'4:; #8+$9 88$C#(2!"#$ Valence = !"#$%&'()*+,-.#"(/01('23'-.#"453'6#(23',/--789 :"94;3 RewardInstrumentality = !"# !"#$%&'()*+,)%-. /0$(.010$ Outcome

!"#$"%&'()"*+(,!-. /&0. /&-1%2345 67))(89:!"#$"%&'();-"*+(,. ?-

2. Diagram

2.1 Expectancy theory helps us understand the thought process behind how people choose to behave

- Maximize pleasure- Minimize suffer

- Behavior is rational

2.2 Motivation = Expectancy x Instrumentality x Valence

(Expectancy Performance) (Performance Outcome) (Valence)

Effort Performance Outcome

2.3 Outcome at work take several forms: Such as

- Achievement

- Affiliation +/-

- power

2.4 For managers, expectancy, theory has a number of implications

Expectancy Performance Select, training

Performance Outcome measure, increase employee, confidence

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Outcome changing reward contingency,

substitutes reward

2.5 Effort-to-performance expectancies and performance to outcome expectancies, together with

outcome valence, determine our motivation force

(performance outcome)

Motivation = Expectancy x Instrumentality x Valence

3. Review Theory

-!"#$%&'()*&+ ,-./)(012 '()*!"#$*)342 Expectancy Theory !"#$ VIE Theory !" # Victor H. Vroom !"#$#%&'()*+,-./-(0123%45-(-67 89 Work and Motivate !"#$%&'()*+ 4 partIntroduction, Academic Root, Motivation and Expectancy Theory, Epilogue

12.1 Introduction!"#$%&'( )*$+$ work and motivate !" #$% &'()*+,-./01 #2' why people choose the kinds of work they do, the

satisfaction that they derive from that work, and the quality of their work performance

12.2 Academic Root

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!"#$%&'()* !"#$%&'!( prototype

!"#$%&'()*+,#%-.,/#0$12 3456('6718& 9:!;#?@AB&(?C% personality characteristics and situational variables might be found in moderating the effects of other

situational variables such as the job content, reward systems, and work group characteristics.!"#$%&'(!)*+,-./ 0*1& instrumentality for the satisfaction of each motive $%& expectancy thatactions will lead to the attainment of the incentives!"#$%&'()*# !"#$#%#&'()*+,'-./-0/123%*4,5'6 personality dispositions and shift- work properties!"#$%&'&()*+&,('-&).&,/0123&(2)4!" #$%&'()*+(,-. ,/. 0%1234+5(6 Expectancy, instrumentality

valence !"#$%& '($)*+,-./%/ Work and Motivation.12.3 Motivation and Expectancy Theory

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person and environment was a clear !"#$%&'()* Lewins the force operating on a person to move ina particular direction was assumed to be a function of the valence of a region in the life space and of

the psychological distance of that region from the person

-!"#$%&'#()*+,-./ !0#1!#230456$5 Vroom !"#$%&'()!*+#),+-,./012&)345&6)78+9': ;+,+2&1)&(),)'