Chapter 12 the second great awakening

Second Great AwakeningKnown as the rise of evangelism mostly due to the end of government sponsorship of certain institutions. Baptists and Methodists looked forward to it.Protestants feared loosing followers to Catholics Methodists and Mormons.Revivalism became key: Revivalism showed the power of charity and reflected democracy .

In the south

Starts in 1801 out in the southern frontier.Meetings around 50,000, community in an area of isolation.Mostly based around emotional religious pushesOn the frontier conversion was considered a right of passage leaving the old ways behind.

In the North

Great Awakening had a bigger impact, it affected the middle class. The original idea was pushed by Timothy Dwight of Yale. Show the prevailing optimism of life. It no only brought people to religion but brought reform. Based around defending Calvinism. Lynman Beecher moved the idea forward delivering a toned down version of Calvinism.

Charles G. Finney

Like Lynman Beecher Finney was trying to spread Calvinism. It was far more radical. Based around the idea of instantaneous conversionsThis lead to long emotional revivals which would start at night and last several days.

Overall affect in the North

Based in the middles class evangelism in the north was based around stomping out sin and social ills. Lyman Beecher set-up mission trips to spread the messageHe also published pamphlets

TemperanceDrinking rum had become common since the revolution. Believed to degrade society.

Temperance movement pushed for self control and discipline.

Based around the attempt to abstain from rum.

Changes in marriage

Marriage became much more based around emotion.Parents began to worry less about choosing suitorsRomance in creased.

At the end of the day Men still head of household.

Cult of Domesticity

Shifting role between men and women.

Women worked at home men were in factories

Pushed the idea of women being important to the household. (spiritual head)

Still viewed with high respect especially in religion.

Education

In the home families began to focus more on their children. People were more concerned how to raise their child, even more books were being written as children being the target.

Education continued

1820-1850= expansion of public schools. Originally schools were separatedRich=privatePublic= publicPoor= charity.Horace Mann is renown for changing schools.Pushed for a movement of one common school. Pushed for taxes for increased funding of public schools.

Education continued

Mann pushed for teaching the 3r’s and morality.

Included were McGuffey readers which gave parable of what happened to children that did not follow the law.

Asylums and prisons

There was also a push in society that we could help the mentally impaired and criminals.

Created public asylums and prisonsThey were underfunded and poorly staffedThe idea in society became out of sight out of mind.The conditions would have continued to be poor if not for Dorthia Dix.

Anti slavery movement

American colonization society: stated slavery was evil but rooted in society, emancipation would take time The society pushed to pay for sending emancipated slaves back to Africa.Started the colony of Liberia

William Lloyd Garrison

Pushed for emancipation without immigration for slavesWas responsible for pushing abolitionThought the constitution was flawed. Created the American Anti slavery Society.Also tried to help women’s rights.

Abolition movement

Was lead by preachers .It targeted small towns in the north. Many preachers thought about taking the message south until the death of Elijah Lovejoy.Lead to the liberty partyWhich was a political group meant to elect abolitionists.

Abolition movement