Chapter 10 Review

Mrs. Chirichella

This portion of the outer tunic is referred to as the “white of the eye”.

sclera

Know the location and function of the following eye structures:

This structure is clear, refracts light, and is convex in shape.

Lens

This area is where the retina and the optic nerve join; contains no rods or cones; “blind spot”

Optic disc

This area has the highest concentration of cones; the focal point of light needs to converge here for the sharpest vision.

Fovea centralis

An inner tunic layer; contains rods & cones.

Retina

This structure regulates the amount of light entering the eye.

Iris

Transparent, non-vascular structure; most anterior of outer tunic.

cornea

Floaters cast a shadow on your retina as they pass through this…

The vitreous humor

Night blindness is most commonly caused bya. damage to the corneab. damage to the optic nervec. an improper dietd. a toxic effect of vitamin A

Why?

Because of a LACK of vitamin A

This tube connects the middle ear to the throat. Aka-the Eustachian tube.

Auditory canalAuditory canal/tube

Know the location and function of the following ear structures:

Improperly blowing your nose could pass an infection to which part of your ear?

The middle ear

This structure- begins the middle ear; the malleus is attached to; vibrates from sound waves.

Tympanic membrane

The stapes vibrates this membrane attached to the cochlea. Causing waves in the perilymph.

Oval windowOval window

Auricle

The outer fleshy portion of the ear.

auricle

Auditory ossicle that is attached to the eardrum. Passes the vibration to the incus.

malleus

An infection in this structure could cause dizziness.

Semicircular canals Semicircular canals

Put the following in order as light passes through the eye.

cornea

aqueous humor lens

vitreous humor

List the parts of the eye that light passes as it enters the eye.

1. cornea

2. aqueous humor

3. lens

4. vitreous humor

What is the name of the natural pain suppressor in the body?

a. epinephrineb. adrenalinc. endorphind. encephalin

The scala tympani and the scala vestibule are part of the:a. middle earb. vestibulec. cochlead. anterior chamber of the eye

Cross section through the cochlea

When these are distorted (bent) against the tectorial membrane, an action potential is sent to the brain.

Put the following in order that scents must travel to reach the brain:limbic systemolfactory tractcortex of temporal lobeolfactory bulb

olfactory bulb- olfactory tract-limbic system-cortex of temporal lobe

This gland is responsible for tear production?a. lacrimalb. salivaryc. cordoid coatd. ciliary bodies

Which part of the brain deciphers taste?a. temporal lobeb. parietal lobec. frontal lobed. occipital lobe

Put the following events of hearing in order:

The malleus moves the incusThe tympanic membrane vibratesThe stapes pushes the oval windowThe incus moves the stapesSound waves are channeled down the ear canal

1. Sound waves are channeled down the ear canal2. The tympanic membrane vibrates3. The malleus moves the incus4. The incus moves the stapes5. The stapes pushes the oval window

Which general category of sensory receptors detects variations in temperature?a. thermoreceptorsb. mechanoreceptorsc. photoreceptorsd. pain receptors

The otoliths are located in:a. the middle earb. the semi-circular canalsc. the cochlead. the saccule in the vestibule

The receptors in the utricle and saccule are stimulated when:a. endolymph flows over the spiral organb. the otoliths bend cilia in response to gravityc. the tympanic membrane vibratesd. perilymph bends hair cells

Which of the five senses contains two types of photoreceptors called rods and cones?a. visionb. hearingc. smelld. taste

Rods function ina. color visionb. dim light visionc. bright light vision

The sets of color receptors/cones within the retina are sensitive to lights that area. red, green, and blueb. red, blue, and yellowc. green, yellow, and purpled. orange, green, and purple

Anosmia is a condition in which there is a loss of a. touchb. smellc. hearingd. vision

Which senses use chemoreceptors:

a.Taste

b.Touch

c.Hearing

d.Equilibrium

e.Smell

&

The incorrect interpretation of pain as having come from regions far from the actual site of pain is known asa. visceral painb. phantom painc. referred paind. somatic pain

Odors seem to fade away because of…

Treatment for cataract usually involves removal of thea. corneab. sclerac. lensd. vitreous humor

Cataracts is caused by a clouding of the lens.

The disorder called glaucoma is usually caused bya. clouding of the lensb. clouding the lens capsulec. excessive accumulation of vitreous humord. excessive accumulation of aqueous humor

Pain receptorsa. are generally stimulated by factors that cause tissue damageb. tend to adapt rapidlyc. are among the most specialized of the receptorsd. are widely distributed in the nerve tissue of the brain

Which of the following would cause a form of conductive deafness?a. torn tympanic membraneb. tumor in the brainc. damage to the auditory tubed. use of antibiotics