chapter 04a - diversity in animals - porifera to annelida

8/10/2019 Chapter 04A - Diversity in Animals - Porifera to Annelida

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CHAPTER 04A: DIVERSITY IN ANIMALS: PORIFERA, ETC.

PHYLUM PORIFERA

1. The common nme o! "h#$%m "o&'!e& '( )))).

sponge

*. The nme +Po&'!e& -( '/en # )))) )))). The (%2# o! ("one(

'( 3no-n ( )))).

Robert Grant, Parazoology

. S"one( &e "&'m''/e, m%$'ce$$%$& n'm$(. The# h/e

"h#$oene'c$$# e/o$/e2 !&om )))) 5))))6.

choanoflagllates, Proterospongia

4. A$$ ("one( &e 7%'c, ene&$$# ))). 8% !e- &e !o%n2 'n )))

-e& $(o. The# &e )))), )))) o& )))) 5h'n: &e$e2 o h'6.

marine, fresh, sessile, solitary, colonial

9. The o2# o! ("one( '( !%$$ o! "o&e(, '.e. n%me&o%( mo%h$e( c$$e2

))) n2 one o"en'n !o& e' c$$e2 )))).

ostia (singular: ostium), osculum

;. S"one( h/e /&'o%( o2# !o&m n2 (h"e( -'h '&&e%$& (h"e.

The# &e mo($# (#mme&'c$. Ho-e/e&, &2'$ (#mme '( (een 'n

)))).

Leucosolenia


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he !'&( )))) n'm$(.

cellular, germinal, diploblastic, diploblastic

=. The o2# -$$ o! ("one( con('(( o! -o $#e&( > n o%e& ))))

5De&m$ L#e&6 o& )))) n2 n 'nne& )))) 5Chonoc#'c L#e&6 o&

)))).

ectoderm, pinacoderm, endoderm, choanoderm

?. The "'nco2e&m '( he o%e& ce$$%$& $#e& 'n ("one( n2 con('((

o! !$ene2 )))) n2 o/$ )))).

pinacocytes, porocytes

10. The chono2e&m '( he 'nne& ce$$%$& $#e& 'n ("one( n2 con('((

o! h'h$# ("ec'$'(e2 !$e$$e2 ce$$( c$$e2 )))) o& ))) )))). The(e

ce$$( &e ch&ce&'('c o! "o&'!e&.

choanocytes, collar cells

11. 8oh "'nco2e&m n2 chono2e&m 2o no h/e ))))) mem&ne.

basement

1*. A non@ce$$%$&, e$'no%( $#e& '( !o%n2 e-een he "'nco2e&m

n2 chono2e&m. I '( c$$e2 he )))) $#e& o& )))).

mesohyl, mesenchyme

1. The me(ench#me h( !'ne &'ne2 )))) !'&e( n2 n%me&o%(

("'c%$e(. I $(o con'n( )))) 5moe@$'3e ce$$(6 o! oh"'nco2e&m n2 chono2e&m.

spongin, amoebocytes

14. TRUE OR FALSE: Amoeoc#e( &e mo2'!'e2 'no 2'!!e&en ce$$(.

True

19. Mo2'!'e2 moeoc#e(: A&cheoc#e( m# e con/e&e2 'no ohe&

#"e( o! ce$$( n2 &e $(o c$$e2 %n2'!!e&en'e2 )))) ce$$(.

2


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totipotent

1;. Mo2'!'e2 moeoc#e(: T&o"hoc#e( "&o/'2e !oo2 o 2e/e$o"'n

ce$$( n2 &e c$$e2 )))) ce$$(.nurse

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*9. Mo2'!'e2 moeoc#e(: S"on'o$( '( !o& he )))).

s"eleton

*;. Loo3 e$o- !o& he 2'&m o! he o2# -$$ o! "o&'!e&.

*


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)))) 5("on'$(6 o& o! oh $oce2 'n he )))) $#e&.

internal, spicules, spongin fibres, mesohyl

1. )))) (ec&ee( ("'c%$e( -h'$e )))) (ec&ee( ("on'n !'&e(.

%cleroblast, %pongioblast

*. N%&''on 'n ("one( '( )))). D'e('/e c/'# n2 )))) &e (en.

D'e('on '( )))) n2 occ%&( 'n !oo2 /c%o$e( o! )))).

holozoic, mouth, intercellular, choanocytes

. In ("one(, he !oo2 "&'c$e '( (&'ne2 o% # he )))) )))), -h'ch

"((e( hem on o he )))). Foo2 '( (o&e2 'n he(oc#e(.collar cell, amoebocytes

4. D'(&'%'on o! !oo2 !&om he 'ne('/e ce$$ o ohe&( '( &o%h

o% # he mo/$e ))))) ce$$.

amoeboid

9. Re("'&'on n2 ec&e'on 'n ("one( 3e( "$ce # 2'!!%('on o!

(e( h&o%h he o2# (%&!ce. The ch'e! ec&eo me& '( ))).

ammonia

;. S"one( 2o no h/e )))) (#(em.

nerous


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gemmules, hermaphrodite, internal

40. Some'me(, c&o(( !e&'$''on $(o occ%&( 'n ("one(. Th'( '( 3no-n

( )))) con2''on.protogynous

41. In ("one(, he #oe %n2e&oe( ho$o$('c c$e/e 5com"$ee

2'/'('on o! he #oe6. The 2e/e$o"men 'nc$%2e( !&ee (-'mm'n

$&/, he )))) o& )))) o& )))) !o& he 2'("e&($ o! ("ec'e(.

holoblastic, amphiblastula, parenchymula, stereograstrula

4*. The m"h'$(%$ '( (een 'n )))). P&ench#m%$ '( (een 'n ))))

-h'$e (e&eo&(&%$ '( (een 'n )))).

Sycon, Leucosolenia, Euplectella

4. On he ('( o! he (3e$eon, Po&'!e& cn e 2'/'2e2 'no h&ee

c$((e(. Nme hem.

#alcarea, 'eactinellida, emospongiae

44. The (3e$eon o! C$c&e '( o! )))) ("'c%$e(. The# &e !o%n2 'n ))))

5(h$$o-B2ee"6, m&'ne -e&(.

calcareous, shallo*

49. '/e !'/e em"$e( o! c$c&e ("one(.

Leucosolenia, Sycon (Sycpha), Grantia, Leucilla, Clathrina

4;. )))) '( he (m$$e( ("one.

Leucosolenia blancha

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5(h$$o-B2ee"6 m&'ne -e&(.

siliceous, glass sponge, deep

4?. '/e h&ee em"$e( o! hec'ne$$'2 ("one(.

Euplectella, Hyalonema, Pheronema

90. )))) '( c$$e2 Ven%( F$o-e& 8(3e.

Euplectella

91. ))) '( c$$e2 he 8&'2$ '! 'n "n.

Euplectella

9*. )))) '( c$$e2 he $(( &o"e ("one.

Hyalonema

9. ))) '( c$$e2 he 8o-$ ("one

Pheronema

94. The (3e$eon o! 2emo("on'e '( o! ))) )))) o& o! ))) ))) -'h 1 o&

4 e2 )))) )))) o& m# e (en. The# &e !o%n2 'n m&'ne o&

!&e(h, (h$$o- o& 2ee" -e&(.

spongin fibres, spongin fibres, siliceous spicules

99. '/e (' em"$e( o! 2emo("on'e.

Euspongia( or Spongia), Spongilla, Cliona, Chalina, Ephydatia,

Hippospongia

9;. )))) '( 3no-n ( h ("one.

Euspongia

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9?. )))) '( 3no-n ( o&'n ("one. The# &e h&m!%$ o o#(e&(.

Cliona

;0. )))) '( 3no-n ( ho&(e ("one o& ho&n# ("one.

Hippospongia

;1. )))) '( 3no-n ( he me&m'2( $o/e(.

Chalina

;*. The ("one ))) '( 3no-n ( he Ne"%ne( C%".

Poterion

;. The (3e$eon '( (en 'n he 2emo("on'e, )))) n2 )))).

Oscarella, Chondrosina

;4. The 2emo("on'e, )))) '( 3no-n ( he &e2 ("one.

Halichondria

;9. The 2emo("on'e, )))), '( 3no-n ( !'ne& ("one.

Haliclona

;;. The $&e( ("one '( )))).

Spheciospongia vesparium

;


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PHYLUM CNIDARIA 5 COELENTERATA6


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sensory

=4. Coe$ene&: The e"'he$'om%(c%$& ce$$( "&o/'2e ))) n2 c (

)))). The cn'2o$(( 5$(o c$$e2 nemo$( o& ch'2oc#e6 h/e)))) 5('n'n o&n(6. Cn'2o$(( &e %(e2 !o& )))), )))) n2 !o&

he c"%&e o! "&e#.

protection, muscles, nematocyst, anchorage, defence

=9. The o2# o! coe$ene&e( m# e (%""o&e2 # ho&n# o& c$c&eo%(

)))). Fo& em"$e, )))).

eos"eleton, corals

=;. Cn'2&'n( h/e cen&$ (&o/(c%$& c/'# c$$e2 )))), -'h

mo%h, -h'ch $(o c( ( ))). Th%(, he&e '( n )))) 2'e('/e &c

5)))) ))))6.

coelenteron, anus, incomplete, blind sac

=


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$nce, -h'ch !o& he !'&( 'me 2e/e$o"e2 'n coe$ene&e(.

non0polar, %tatocyst

?1. Re"&o2%c'on 'n coe$ene&e( '( oh # (e%$ 5))))6 n2 (e%$

meho2(. 8oh on2( n2 %2( &'(e !&om )))) ce$$(. The on2(

&e ('m"$e n2 -'ho% )))). The "o-e& o! )))) '( $(o 2e/e$o"e2.

budding, interstitial, gonoducts, regeneration

?*. De/e$o"men 'n coe$ene&e(: The c$e/e '( ))))

5ho$o$('cB2'"$o$('c6. D'&ec o& 'n2'&ec 2e/e$o"men '( !o%n2.

The 2e/e$o"men 'nc$%2e( he ))) (e 5'n2'&ec6. In Obelia, )))$&/ '( "&e(en. Ho-e/e&, 'nAurelia,)))), )))) n2 ))) $&/e &e

!o%n2.

holoblastic, lara, planula ( 5 free s*imming), planula, scyphistoma,

ephyra

?. Coe$ene& '( c$(('!'e2 'no h&ee c$((e( (e2 on he 2om'nnce

o! he )))) o& )))) "h(e( 'n he $'!e c#c$e. The(e "h(e( &e )))),

)))) n2 )))).

medusoid, polypoid, 'ydrozoa, %cyphozoa, 6nthozoa

HYDROOA

?4. The -o&2 +h#2&oo '( 2e&'/e2 !&om he &ee3 -o&2( +H#2&o(

men'n )))) n2 +oon men'n ))).

*ater, animal

?9. In h#2&oo, e'he& on$# )))) &e !o%n2 o& )))) n2 )))) &e

"&e(en.

polyps, polyps, medusae

?;. H#2&oo o!en (ho- )))) 5mo&"h'(m6 n2 )))) 5ene('(6.

polymorphism, metagenesis

?


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Hydra

?=. The h#2&oo, )))), '( 3no-n ( he $'$e ('$ o& +S'$@#@he -'n2.

ellela

??. The h#2&oo, )))), '( 3no-n ( he ('n co&$ o& he h#2&o'2

co&$.

!illipora

100. The h#2&oo, )))), '( c$$e2 he Po&%%e(e mn@o!@-&. I h( )))

))), -h'ch (ec&ee( ne%&oo'c (. The ( he$"( he o&n'(m o

3ee" !$o.

Physalia, gas glands

101. Loo3 he !'%&e o!Physaliae$o-.

10*. The h#2&oo, ))), '( c$$e2 he Se F%& 5Po$#", Me2%( (ho-(

meene('(6. I '( )))) 5he&'/o&eBc&n'/o&e6.

Obelia, carniore

10. The h#2&oo, ))), (ho-( "o$#mo&"h'(m. I &e(em$e( Velella

ece" h ' 2oe( no h/e ('$ n2 h( c'&c%$& 2'(c@$'3e ))).

1!


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Porpita,pneumatophore

104. Bougainvillean2 Tubularia&e $(o )))).

hydrozoans

SCYPHOOA

109. Sc#"hoo &e &e"&e(ene2 # ))))) 5"o$#"Bme2%(e6.

medusae

10;. The (c#"ho, )))), '( c$$e2 he e$$# !'(h, Moon Ge$$#. The $(

(e o! '( $&/e "h(e 'n '( $'!e c#c$e '( 3no-n ( )))).

"urelia, ephyra

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11. Co&$( h/e (3e$eon m2e o! ))) ))).

calcium carbonate

114. The co&$, )))), '( 3no-n ( he &'n co&$.!eandrina

119. The co&$, )))), '( 3no-n ( he Se "en.

Pennatula

11;. The co&$, )))), '( 3no-n ( he Se !n.

Gorgonia

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1*9. The co&$, )))), '( 3no-n ( he (@ho&n co&$.

!adrepora

1*;. The co&$, )))), '( 3no-n ( he m%(h&oom co&$.

&ungia

1*


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$'3e h/'n )))) (#mme -'h )))@&2e o2# o&n'('on.

pear, 7elly, biradial, tissue

14. An'm$( e$on'n o Ceno"ho& &e ))) h/'n n eco2e&m n2

en2o2e&m.

diploblastic

19. Locomo'on 'n Ceno"ho& occ%&( # e'h ))) ))) ))) on he o2#

(%&!ce. The c'$' o! he(e "$e( he$" 'n (-'mm'n. Ceno"ho&e(

&e, he&e!o&e, c$$e2 ))) )))).

ciliary comb plates, comb 7ellies

1;. Ceno"ho&: D'e('on '( oh )))) n2 )))). S3e$e$, ec&eo

n2 &e("'&o (#(em( &e )))) 5(enB"&e(en6.

etracellular, intracellular, absent

1


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141. Ceno"ho&: Reene&'on n2 )))) '( no&m$$# !o%n2.

paedogenesis

14*. Ceno"ho&: The ne&/o%( (#(em '( )))) ( 'n cn'2&'n(. The

o&$ en2 5o""o('e en2 o! mo%h6 e&( (en(e o&n c$$e2 )))

!o& e7%'$'&'%m 5$nce6

diffused, %tatocyst

14. Ceno"ho& &e 2'/'2e2 'no -o c$((e(: )))) n2 )))).

Tentaculata, 8uda

144. Tenc%$ h/e enc$e( n2 (m$$ )))). N%2 2o no h/e

enc$e(. The# h/e ("c'o%( ))) n2 )))).

stomodaeum, mouth, stomodaeum

149. The Tenc%$, )))), '( c$$e2 he Se $n%.

Hormiphora

14;. The Tenc%$, )))), '( c$$e2 he Se oo(ee&.

Pleurobrachia

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PHYLUM PLATYHELMINTHES

19*. The nme +P$#he$m'nhe( -( '/en # )))). I 'nc$%2e( !$

-o&m( 5)))) !$ene26. The# &e he mo( "&'m''/e ))) n'm$(.

Gagenbaur, dorsoentrally, bilateral

19. TRUE OR FALSE P$#he$m'nhe( cn e !&ee $'/'n 5e&&e(&'$,

!&e(h -e& o& m&'ne6 o& "&(''c.

True

194. The (%2# o! -o&m( c%('n "&(''c 'n!e('on 'n h%mn( '(

c$$e2 )))). Mo( meme&( o! h'( "h#$%m &e )))) 5h'n: "&('e

#"e6 o! /e&e&e(. Some &e !o%n2 'n 7%'c h'.

helminthology, endoparasites

199. The o2# o&n'('on o! P$#he$m'nhe( '( o! ))) &2e. The o2#

'( )))), '.e. he o2# '( !o&me2 !&om h&ee e&m'n$ $#e&(: )))),

)))) n2 )))).

organ, triploblastic, ectoderm, endoderm, mesoderm

19;. The o2# o! "$#he$m'nhe( '( )))) (#mme&'c$.

bilaterally

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c'$'e2. Ro2@(h"e2 o2'e(, he )))), &e "&e(en 'n he e"'2e&m$

ce$$( o! he $'/'n "$#he$m'nhe(. The# &e )))) n2 %(e2 'n !oo2

c"%&e.

rhabdites, protectie

1;0. P$#he$m'nhe(: The m%(c$e( 'n he o2#@-$$ &e )))). 8e$o- he

e"'2e&m'(, )))), )))) n2 )))) m%(c$e( &e "&e(en.

mesodermal, longitudinal, circular, obli9ue

1;1. P$#he$m'nhe(: The ne&/o%( (#(em '( ))))@$'3e.

ladder

1;*. P$#he$m'nhe(: The(e n'm$( &e )))), '.e. -'ho% coe$om. In

e-een /&'o%( o&n(, (o$'2, $oo(e me(o2e&m$ '((%e c$$e2

)))) o& )))) '( "&e(en.

acoelomate, mesenchyma, parenchyma

1;. P$#he$m'nhe(: In T%&e$$&' n2 T&emo2 c$((, n

'ncom"$ee ))) ))) -'ho% n%( '( "&e(en. S%ch o2# 2e('n( &e

3no-n ( )) ))) o2# "$n.

digestie system, blind sac

1;4. P$#he$m'nhe(: In n'm$( o! c$(( ))), he 2'e('/e (#(em '(

com"$ee$# (en. The# (o& n%&''on 2'&ec$# !&om he ho(

h&o%h he'& ))) ))).

#estoda, body surface

1;9. P$#he$m'nhe(: Ho- '( he !o&m o! he o2# m'n'ne2 An(-e&:

The )))) (#(em n2 )))) 5H'n: o&n (#(em(6 &e (en.

T%&'2'# o! he !$%'2 'n he )))) ))) m'n'n( he !o&m o! he

o2#. I '( c$$e2 )))).

circulatory, s"eletal, parenchymal meshes, hydros"eleton

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1;;. P$#he$m'nhe( &e("'&e h&o%h he ))) ))). Ane&o'c &e("'&'on

'( (een 'n 'ne&n$ "&('e( $'3e )))).

body surface, %aenia

1;


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o 5))) en2o"&('e(6. I c%(e( )))) )))) 5!(c'o$'('(6 o& )))).

&asciola, digenetic, lier rot, cirrhosis

1


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n2 )))).

onchosphere, heacanth, cysticercus

1=*. The $oo2 !$%3e, Schistosoma, '( !o%n2 'n he /e'n( o! he h%mn

))) n2 )))). I '( ))) 5%n'(e%$B'(e%$6. The $&e m$e

"e&mnen$# c&&'e( he !em$e 'n &oo/e on he /en&$ ('2e

c$$e2 he ))) ))). The $'!e h'(o (ho-( (e%$)))).

bladder, intestine, uniseual, gynaecophoric canal, dimorphism

1=. In Schistosoma, he "&'m ho( '( he )))) -h'$e he (econ2

ho( '( he ))) ))).man, Garden snail

1=4. A2%$ "e-o&m( #"'c$$# h/e he (me o2# (&%c%&e con('('n

o! )))) 5he26, nec3 n2 )))).

scole, strobila

1=9. The (&o'$ o! 2%$ "e-o&m( '( m2e %" o! !e- o $&e

n%me& o! )))), -h'ch &e (ome'me( c$$e2 +(emen(.

proglottids

1=;. The (co$e 5o& he26 o! he "e-o&m '( he ))) en2 o! he -o&m

n2 &em'n( che2 o he 'ne('ne o! he 2e!'n''/e ho(. I h(

hoo3( n2 (%c3e&( h he$" 'n chmen.

anterior

1=


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nec3. The# &e 2e/o'2 o! )))) o&n(.

;mmature, reproductie

1?0. M%&e "&o$o'2( occ%"# he m'22$e "& o! he (&o'$.

T"e-o&m( &e he&m"h&o2'e( n2 )))) 5m$e m%&'n !'&(6.

The&e!o&e, )))) m%&e "&o$o'2( con('( o! on$# m$e

&e"&o2%c'/e o&n( -h'$e he ))) one( con'n oh m$e n2

!em$e o&n( ('2e # ('2e.

protandrous, anterior, posterior

1?1. A m%&e "&o$o'2 '( com"$ee &e"&o2%c'/e %n'. I h( een(%e(e2 # (ome e&$# 'o$o'(( h ech "&o$o'2 (ho%$2 e

con('2e&e2 ('n$e o&n'(m n2 h he "e-o&m '( c%$$#

co$on# o! )))).

proglottid, proglottid

1?*. &/'2 "&o$o'2( occ%& 'n he "o(e&'o& "& o! he (&o'$. The

e&m'n$ &/'2 "&o$o'2( 2ech !&om he &e( o! he o2# e'he&

('n$# o& 'n (m$$ &o%"( # "&oce(( c$$e2 ))). Th'( "henomenon

(e&/e( o $'m' he )))) o! he "&('e n2 o &n(!e& he

2e/e$o"'n emo o he ee&'o& 'n he )))) o! he ho(.

apolysis, length, faeces

1?. Loo3 he !'%&e e$o- o %n2e&(n2 he &o$e o! "&o$o'2(.

5IMPORTANTJJ6

2$


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1?4. P$#he$m'nhe( &e 2'/'2e2 'no h&ee c$((e(. Nme hem.

Turbellaria, Trematoda and #estoda

TUR8ELLARIA

1?9. )))) &e mo($# !&ee@$'/'n !$-o&m( !o%n2 'n !&e(hBm&'ne -e&.

An em"$e '( ))) o& E22# -o&m.

Turbellaria,Planaria

1?;. The (c'en'!'c nme o! "$n&' '( ))) )))).

ugesia planaria

1?


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&asciola

*0*. The $oo2 !$%3e '( )))). I '( &emo2.

Schistosoma

*0. Eco"&('e on he '$$( o! !'(h '( ))))). The# &e ))))

5monoen'cB2'ene'c6. I '( &emo2.

iplo$oon, monogenetic

*04. The h%mn $'/e& !$%3e o& Ch'ne(e $'/e& !$%3e '( )))). I '(

&emo2.

Opisthorchis

*09. The en2o"&('e( o! he %&'n $22e& o! !&o( n2 %&$e( '(

)))).

Polystomum

CESTODA

*0;. ))) &e en2o"&('e( n2 'ne('n$ "&('e( 3no-n (

"e-o&m(.

#estoda

*0


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*11. The 2o "e-o&m '( )))).

Echinococcus

*1*. The (m$$e( "e-o&m 'n mn( 'ne('ne '( )))). I '( ))) cm $on

n2 h( )))) "&o$o'2(. I '( )))) 5monoen'cB2'ene'c6.

Hymenolepis, 14, 244, monogenetic

*1. The '&2( "e-o&m '( )))).

#ellietina

*14. The en2o"&('e( o! &%m'ne( '( )))). I '( ce(o2.

!onie$ea

*19. '/e -o em"$e( o! ce(o2.

"mphilina, Phyllobothrium

*1;. &2en (n'$ -h'ch (e&/e ( (econ2 ho( o $'/e& !$%3e 'n

h%mn( &e )))), )))) n2 )))).

Planorbis, Lymnea, 'ulinus

*1


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**1. The "o&3 "e-o&m, Taenia solium, '( !$ n2 )))) 5co$o%&6

&'on@$'3e. I( ('e '( )))) mm ))))mm.

*hite, $, +

***. The o2# o! he "o&3 "e-o&m h( h&ee &e'on(: 5'6 he he2 o&

)))) -'h hoo3( n2 (%c3e&( 5''6 he nec3 !o& !o&m'n ne- ))))))

n2 5'''6 $on )))) -'h o% =90 "&o$o'2e(.

scole, proglottides, strobila

**. The "o&3 "e-o&m '( h%mn )))) "&('e. I '( che2 o he

'ne('n$ -$$ # hoo3( n2 (%c3e&(. I h( )))) n%&''on n2(ho-( )))) &e("'&'on. I '( )))) 5h'n: &e$e2 o (e6.

gut, saprozoic, anaerobic, hermaphrodite

**4. The "o&3 "e-o&m h( no )))) o& )))).

mouth, anus

**9. Mn e( 'n!ece2 # "o&3 "e-o&m # con(%m'n )))) "o&3

con'n'n enc#(e2 $&/e )))).

uncoo"ed, cysticerci

**;. The "o&3 "e-o&m '( 2'ene'c. The "&'m ho( '( ))) -h'$e he

(econ2 ho( '( ))).

man, pig

**


29/156

Cysticercus, Onchosphere

*0. The c#('ce&co('( '( $&/ o! he "e-o&m h 2e/e$o"( !&om

nohe& $&/, he )))).onchosphere

*1. Some'me(, he oncho("he&e( 2'&ec$# &ech he (omch n2

2e/e$o" 'no $22e& -o&m(. Th%(, mn ecome( n )))) ho( o!

he "e-o&m. The $22e& -o&m( m# &ech he e#e( -he&e '

m# c%(e ))) o& ' m# &ech he &'n, -he&e ' cn c%(e )))).

intermediate, blindness, epilepsy

**. The 2o "e-o&m o& )))) -o&m c%(e( )))) 2'(e(e. I '( n ))))

5#"e o! "&('e6. P&e(ence o! c#(( o! h'( -o&m 'n he )))) n2

)))) m# "&o/e !$. Mn c7%'&e( 'n!ec'on # "$#'n -'h "e

2o(.

hydatid, hydatid, endoparasites, brain, "idney

*. The 2o "e-o&m, ))) ))) 5(c'en'!'c nme6 h( he )))) ( he

"&'m ho( n2 he ))) ( he (econ2 ho(. I h( )))) o& ))))

"&o$o'2(.

Echinococcus granulosus, dog, pig, t*o, three

*4. The (c'en'!'c nme o! ee! "e-o&m '( )))) )))). The ee!

"e-o&m h( no )))) n2 ))). I '( $one& hn T# solium.%aenia saginata, rostellum, hoo"s

*9. Ch&ce&'('c( o! "&(''c "$#he$m'nhe(: 5'6 A(ence o! )))),

)))) n2 ))))o&n(. 5''6 The &e"&o2%c'/e (#(em '( -e$$

2e/e$o"e2. Mo( o! hem &e ))). ))) )))) "&o2%ce( $&e

n%me& o! e(. 5'''6 The# "o((e(( con('2e&$e )))) 2"'$'#.

locomotary, digestie, sensory, hermaphrodites, %elf fertilization,

osmotic

2


30/156

*;. TRUE OR FALSE F$-o&m( 2o no h/e ono2%c( o&

co"%$o o&n(.

=alse

*


31/156

*40. Loo3 he "'c%&e o!%chinococcus granulosus '/en e$o-.

*41. Loo3 he "'c%&e o! Taenia solium '/en e$o-.

*4*. Loo3 he "'c%&e o!Schistosoma '/en e$o-.

!1


32/156

PHYLUM ASCHELMINTHES 5NEMATHELMINTHES ORNEMATODA6

*4. The e&m +Nemhe$m'nhe( -( "&o"o(e2 # )))). The "h#$%m

'nc$%2e( )))) ("ec'e(. I 'nc$%2e( )))) 5c'&c%$& 'n c&o(( (ec'on6.

Gegenbaur, 1&444, round*orms

*44. Nemo2e( &e !o%n2 e/e-he&e > 'n !&e(hBm&'ne -e& n2 'n

))))@&'ch (o'$. Mn# o! hem &e "&('e( 'n "$n( n2 n'm$(.

humus

*49. Nemo2e( &e ))) 'n (h"e n2 "e& oh en2( )))

5-'hB-'ho%6 (emen'on.

cylindrical, *ithout

*4;. Nemo2e( &e )))) (#mme&'c$. The e&m $#e& '( )))). The $e/e$

o! o&n'('on '( ))))@(#(em $e/e$ n2 he# h/e ))) ))) )))

"$n.

bilaterally, triploblastic, organ, tube *ithin tube

*4


33/156

c%'c$e, )))) e"'2e&m'( 5con'n%o%( $#e& o! c#o"$(m -'h

(ce&e2 n%c$e'6 n2 $on'%2'n$ )))) $#e&.

non0liing, syncytial, muscle

*4?. The c%'c$e o! nemo2e( '( !'&m, non@$'/'n n2 &e('(n o ))) )))

o! he ho(. The e"'2e&m'( '( -'ho% ))) n2 '( (#nc#'$.

digestie enzymes, cilia

*90. The o2# c/'# o! nemo2e( '( c$$e2 )))) o& )))) ( ' 2e/e$o"(

!&om he ))) o! he emo.

pseudocoel, pseudo0coelom, blastocoel

*91. Nemo2e(: The "(e%2ocoe$ '( !'$$e2 -'h ))) ))).

pseudocoelomic fluid

*9*. The $'men cn$ o! nemo2e( '( )))) 5com"$eeB'ncom"$ee6.

The 2'e('/e &c '( 2'!!e&en'e2 'no he mo%h, "hn,

'ne('ne n2 n%(. The "hn '( )))) 5m%(c%$&Bnon@m%(c%$&6

n2 '( %(e2 o (%c3 !oo2. The 'ne('ne '( )))) 5m%(c%$&Bnon@

m%(c%$&6. The mo%h '( (%&&o%n2e2 # )))) $'"(.

complete, muscular, non0muscular, three

*9. )))), )))) n2 )))) (#(em( &e (en 'n nemo2e(. The (3e$eon

'( no )))). The "(e%2ocoe$om'c !$%'2 "&e(en 'n he "(e%2ocoe$om

m'n'n( he o2# (h"e n2 !o&m( )))).

%"eletal, respiratory, circulatory, mineralized, hydros"eleton

*94. (eo%( echne occ%&( h&o%h )))) 'n nemo2e(. The

"(e%2ocoe$om'c !$%'2 &n("o&( m'ne&$(.

diffusion

*99. The ne&/o%( (#(em o! nemo2e( con('(( o! )))) )))) h '/e(

&'(e o ne&/e( !o&-&2( ( -e$$ ( c3-&2(.circumpharyngeal ring

!!


34/156

*9;. Nemo2e( h/e h&ee #"e( o! (en(e o&n(. Nme hem.

Papillae, 6mphids and Phasmids

*9


35/156

5m$e(B!em$e(6 n2 '( (&'h. The m$e '( c%&/e2 !&om '( )))

en2.

dioecious, dimorphism, =emales, males, caudal

*;9. In nemo2e(, !e&'$''on '( )))). The&e '( no ))))

5(e%$B(e%$6 &e"&o2%c'on. De/e$o"men '( mo($# ))))

52'&ecB'n2'&ec6.

internal, aseual, direct

*;;. Nemo2e(: The m$e h( ))) ))) !o& co"%$'on. The en'$ &c

Go'n( he 2'e('/e &c o !o&m )))). In !em$e(, he en'$ &co"en( ))))). The !em$e $#( n%me&o%( e(. The (he$$ o! he e

h( n o%e& )))) $#e& n2 n 'nne& )))) $#e&.

penial spicules, cloaca, independently, chitinous, lipid

*;


36/156

)))) n2 )))).

phasmids, %richinella (Trichinia *orm),%richuris(>hip *orm)

*


37/156

mohe&( o2#6.

small, striated, iiparous

*


38/156

ANNELIDA

*=. The nme +Anne$'2 -( '/en # )))).

/amarc"

*=4. Anne$'2 &e !&ee $'/'n. The# &e !o%n2 'n ))) (o'$, ))))

5!&e(hBm&'ne6 -e&. A !e- o! hem &e "&('e(.

moist, fresh and marine

*=9. The o2# o! nne$'2 '( )))) 5(o!Bh&26, e$one2 n2 ))) o& ))))

'n (h"e. I '( 2'/'2e2 ee&n$$# 'no (emen( o& )))) # &'n@$'3e

&oo/e( c$$e2 )))). 5Th'( '( c$$e2 meme&'c (emen'on, -h'ch

'( ch&ce&'('c o! nne$'2(.6 Ine&n$$#, he'& o2# '( 2'/'2e2 #

&n(/e&(e ))).

soft, cylindrical, flat, metameres, annuli, septa

!.


39/156

*=;. In nne$'2, he !'&( (emen 5meme&e6 '( c$$e2 )))). An

o%&o-h c$$e2 )))) &'(e( !&om '.

peristomium, prostomium

*=


40/156

coe$om '( !'$$e2 -'h )))) !$%'2, -h'ch con'n( )))).

compartments, coelomic, cells

*?4. The ))) !$%'2 (e&/e( ( h#2&o(3e$eon 'n nne$'2(.

coelomic

*?9. )))) &e he !'&( "&oo(om' e%coe$ome n'm$(.

6nnelids

*?;. KNOLEDE: (&%$'on '( "h(e, e&$# 'n he emon'c

2e/e$o"men o! mo( n'm$(, 2%&'n -h'ch he ('n$e@$#e&

$(%$ '( &eo&n'e2 'no &'$m'n& 5h&ee@$#e&e26 (&%c%&e

3no-n ( (&%$. The(e h&ee e&m $#e&( &e 3no-n (

eco2e&m, me(o2e&m n2 en2o2e&m.

000

*?


41/156

2e/e$o"'n ( com"$ee o&n'(m(. Dee&m'ne 2e/e$o"men'( one

'n -h'ch he 2e/e$o"men !e o! ech ce$$ 'n he 2%$ o&n'(m h(

$&e2# een 2ee&m'ne2.

000

00. KNOLEDE: Loo3 he !'%&e e$o- o %n2e&(n2 he

2e/e$o"men o! "&oo(ome( n2 2e%e&o(ome(.

01. The 2'e('/e &c o! nne$'2( '( ))))) 5com"$eeB'ncom"$ee6,

(&'h n2 een2( h&o%h he )))) o2#. The % h( oh ))))

n2 )))) m%(c$e(.

complete, entire, circular, longitudinal

$1


42/156

0*. Fe- nne$'2( &e )))) 5(%('('n on $oo2, e. $eeche(6. ))))

$n2( 2e/e$o"e2 !o& he !'&( 'me 'n nne$'2(.

sanguiorous, igestie

0. Re("'&'on 'n nne$'2( '( h&o%h he )))) 5c%neo%( &e("'&'on6.

Some nne$'2( h/e )))) 5&nch'$ &e("'&'on6. 8&nch'$

&e("'&'on '( (een 'n ))).

s"in, gills, %erebella

04. The c'&c%$o (#(em o! nne$'2( '( o! he )))) 5o"enBc$o(e26 #"e.

In nne$'2(, $oo2 '( &e2 2%e o he "&e(ence o! &e("'&o"'men( )))) o& )))) !o%n2 2'((o$/e2 'n $oo2 "$(m.

closed, haemoglobin, erythrocruorin

09. In nne$'2( $'3e )))), he &e("'&o "'men Ch$o&oc&%o&'n '(

"&e(en.

Seballa

0;. In nne$'2( $'3eSeballa, he &e("'&o "'men )))) '( "&e(en.

#hlorocruorin

0


43/156

5$n2B7%'c6 !o&m( -h'$e %&e '( he ec&eo -(e !o& )))

5$n2B7%'c6 !o&m(.

nephridia, a9uatic, land

10. The ne&/o%( (#(em o! nne$'2( con('(( o! c'&c%mcen&'c ))) )))

n2 (o$'2, 2o%$e, m'2@/en&$ ))) ))) -'h "'&e2 ))).

nere ring, nere cord, ganglia

11. A )))) '( n &e'on o! ne&/e ce$$(.

ganglion

1*. Anne$'2( h/e )))) &ece"o&( 5(en(''/e o o%ch6, )))) &ece"o&(

5(en(''/e o (e6 n2 ))) &ece"o&( 5(en(''/e o $'h6. Some !o&m(

h/e )))) 5$nc'n o&n(6.

tactile, gustato, photo, statocysts

1. Anne$'2( &e oh %n'(e%$ 5( 'n ))))6 n2 '(e%$ 5( 'n $eech,

e&h-o&m6.

+ereis

14. A(e%$ &e"&o2%c'on # ))) o& )))) '( (een 'n (ome nne$'2(.

budding, fission

19. In nne$'2(, c$e/e '( )))) n2 )))) %ne7%$ n2 ho$o$('c.

Reene&'on '( %(%$$# !o%n2.

spiral, determinate

1;. De/e$o"men 'n nne$'2( '( mo($# )))) 52'&ecB'n2'&ec6. I! he&e '(

'n2'&ec 2e/e$o"men, ' 'nc$%2e( )))) $&/.

direct, trochophore

1


44/156

-$$ n2 he )))) -$$.

gut

1?. On he ('( o! he n%me& n2 "&e(enceB(ence o! (ee, nne$'2

'( 2'/'2e2 'no !'/e c$((e(. Nme hem.

Polychaeta, -ligochaeta, 'irudinea, 6rchiannelida, 3chiurida

POLYCHAETA

*0. Mo( "o$#che &e !o%n2 'n )))) 5!&e(hB(e6 -e&.

sea

*1. In "o$#che, ce"h$'('on '( ))) 5$e((Bmo&e6 2'('nc. I h( he2 -'h -e$$ 2e/e$o"e2 )))), )))) n2 o$!co )))).

more, head, tentacles, palps

**. Po$#che h/e -e$$ 2e/e$o"e2 "&"o2' -'h n%me&o%( )))).

S%c3e&( &e )))) 5(enB"&e(en6.

setae, absent

*. In "o$#che, c$'e$$%m '( )))) 5(enB"&e(en6. The n'm$( &e

)))) 5%n'(e%$B'(e%$6 n2 on2( &e !o&me2 on$# 2%&'n he

))) (e(on.

absent, uniseual, breeding

*4. In "o$#che, 2e/e$o"men '( )))) 52'&ecB'n2'&ec6. The $&/$

(e '( c$$e2 )))).

indirect, trochophore

*9. The "o$#che, )))), 3no-n ( (n2 -o&m.

+ereis

*;. The "o$#che, )))), 3no-n ( (e mo%(e.

"phrodite

*


45/156

"renicola

*=. The "o$#che, )))), 3no-n ( "ecoc3 -o&m.

Seballa

*?. The "o$#che, )))), 3no-n ( "22$e -o&m. I (ho-( )))) 5h'n:

'/e( $'h6 n2 h( &e "o-e&( o! )))).

Chaetopterus,biofluorescence, regeneration

0. The "o$#che, )))), 3no-n ( "$$o -o&m.

Eunice

1. The "o$#che, )))), 3no-n ( (c$e -o&m.

Polynoe

*. The "o$#che, )))), 3no-n ( (mooh $oo2 -o&m.

Glycera

. The "o$#che, )))), &e("'&e # '$$(.

%erebella

OLIOCHAETA

4. Mo( o$'oche &e ))) 57%'cBe&&e(&'$6, % (ome &e ))))

57%'cBe&&e(&'$6.

terrestrial, a9uatic

9. Ce"h$'('on '( )))) 5(enB"&e(en6 'n o$'oche. The&e &e no

2'('nc he2, e#e(, enc$e( n2 )))) "$"(.

absent, olfactory

;. The o2# o! o$'oche h( on$# !e- ))). The(e &e ('%e2 'n

))) "&e(en 'n he o2# -$$ > ('n$e (ee '( "&e(en 'n .

)))) n2 (%c3e&( &e (en.

setae, microbags, Parapodia

$&


46/156


47/156

HIRUDINEA

4


48/156

'n/o$/e2.

direct

99. The n%me& o! (emen( 'n h'&%2'ne '( !'e2. The&e &e )))

(emen(.

!!

9;. The ($'/ o! he $eech con'n( n n'co%$n, c$$e2 )))),

-h'ch "&e/en( $oo2 !&om c$o'n 2%&'n (%c3'n.

hirudin

9


49/156

;4. The h'&%2'ne, )))), '( n eco"&('e. I '( "&(''c on !'(h. I '(

he on$# 3no-n $eech -'h (ee.

"canthobdella

;9. The h'&%2'ne, )))), '( he connec'n $'n3 e-een o$'oche n2

h'&%2'ne.

"canthobdella

ARCHIANNELIDA

;;. A&ch'nne$'2 &e )))) 5!&e(hB($6 -e& n'm$( -'h )))

5(m$$B$&e6 o2#.

salt, small

;


50/156

ECHIURIDA


51/156

. A"o"#$e

c. O(c%$%m

2. O('%m

d

=1. =. F$e$$e $&/ o! ("one( '(

. Am"h'$(%$

. P$n&'

c. P$n%$

2. H#2&%$

a

=*. 14. ho con('2e&e2 ("one( ( n'm$ !'&(

. A&'(o$e

. D&-'n

c. Lee%-enhoe3

2. E$$'(

d

=. 19. The "&ec'o%( ("one '(

. H#$onem

. E%"$ece$$

c. E%("on'

2. &n'b

=4. *0. Common $&/ o! ("one '(

. T2"o$e

. P$n%$

c. P$c%$

2. P&ench#m%$d

&1


52/156

=9. *4. E%"$ece$$ '( (#mo$ o! %n'on '$$ 2eh ec%(e

. I( ($ &oo %! n2 %""e& "& (#mo$'(e he -o (ee(.

. A #o%n (h&'m" "'& e( en&""e2 'n he ("onec. I (#mo$'(e( he o22e(( o! m&&'e

2. I con'n( ('e/e "$e 'n he o(c%$%m &e'on.

b

=;. *9. Roo %! "((e( ( co$%me$$ n2 hen !o&m( (&$ cone 'n

. H#$onem

. S"on'

c. S"on'$$

2. C$'on

a

=


53/156

c. The(oc#e(

2. Phoc#e(

b

?0. ?. Co$$enc#e( o! ("one( &e connece2 -'h he "&o2%c'on o!

. Co$$en !'&e(

. S"'c%$e(

c. S"on'n !'&e(

2. 8oh n2 c

a

?1. 40. M#oc#e( o! ("one( &e mo2'!'e2

. Chonoc#e(

. Amoeoc#e(

c. P'ncoc#e(

2. $n2 ce$$(

c

?*. 41. Ce$$( "ec%$'& o "o&!e&( &e

. Chonoc#e(

. Po&oc#e(

c. 8oh n2

2. Amoeoc#e(

c

?. 4*. M#oc#e( o! ("one( (ho-

. Con&c''$'#

. Ne&/o%( ec''on

c. Sec&e'on o! !'&e(

2. A$$ he o/e

a

&!


54/156

?4. 49. In ("one(, he e&m ce$$( &e

. F$e$$e

. Non!$e$$e

c. Un'!$e$$e ("e&m n2 non!$e$$e e

2. M%$'!$e$$e ("e&m n2 non!$e$$e e

c

?9. 4


55/156

c. R2'$ (#mme

2. No (#mme

c

??. 99. A co$on'$ ("one '(

. E%"$ece$$

. H#$onem

c. Le%co(o$en'

2. C$'on

c

400. 9


56/156

40. ;*. E%"$ece$$ '( "&ec'o%( '! ' con'n(

. A "e&$

. A emc. Rem'n( o! (h&'m" "'&

2. Co&$

c

404. ;9. The $&e( ("one '(

. O$#nh%(

. H#""o("on'

c. S"hec$o("on'

2. S"on'

c

409. ;;. S"on' '(

. Un'(e%$

. He&m"h&o2'e

c. E$one2

2. 8oh n2 c

a

40;. ;


57/156

c. F&e(h -e& ("one

2. Ven%( !$o-e& (3e

c

40=.


58/156

41*. =1. A !%nc'on no connece2 -'h he cn$ (#(em '(

. C'&c%$'on o! -e&

. (eo%( echne

c. N%&''on

2. Fo&m'on o! &e2%c'on o2'e(

d

41. ==. 8e( h ("one come( !&om

. In2'n Ocen

. Me2'e&&nen Se

c. A&'n Se

2. %$! o! Me'co

b

414. =?. A(#mme&'c$ ("one( mo($# occ%& 'n

. C$c&e

. Hec'ne$$'2

c. Demo("on'e

2. A$$ he o/e

c

419. ?0. De2 Mn( F'ne& '(

. Co&$

. Ech'no2e&mc. S"one

2. In!ece2 ""en2'

c

41;. ?. Poe&'on occ%&( 'n

. Dee" (e

. Sh$$o- (e

&.


59/156

c. E(%

2. F&e(h -e&

b

41


60/156

4*1. 1*4. Chonoc#e( 'n A(con@#"e o! cn$ (#(em !o&m $'n'n o!

. S"onocoe$

. Po&oc#ec. A"o"#$e

2. Inc%&&en cn$

a

4**. 1*=. S"one (&%c%&e co&&e("on2'n o mo%h o! ohe& n'm$ '(

. Inc%&&en cn$

. O('%m

c. O(c%$%m

2. Ec%&&en cn$

b

4*. 10. A!e& 2'n, h ("one con'n(

. Ho$2!(

. Tenc$e(

c. S"'c%$e(

2. S"on'n !'&e(

d

4*4. 1*. T#"e o! ("onocoe$Bcn$ (#(em !o%n2 'n Le%co(o$en' '(

. A(con

. Le%con

c. S#con

2. Rhon

a

4*9. 1


61/156

. Co$$enc#e

c. Amoeoc#e

2. Ch&omoc#e

c

4*;. 1=. S"one( &e "o&'!e&( ec%(e he'& o2'e( h/e

. S"'c%$e( 'n (3e$eon

. Se/e&$ "o&e(

c. Cn$ (#(em

2. A$$ o! he o/e

b

4*


62/156

40. 14


63/156

8. S"$nchno$o#

C. Cn'2o$o#

D. N'2o$o#

#

49. 9. The o&$ cone o! H#2& '( c$$e2

A. Mn%&'%m

8. Mo%h

C. O(c%$%m

D. O('%m

6

4;. ;. The n%me& o! enc$e( 'n H#2& &e

A. ; > 10

8. 10 > 1;

C. 1; > *0

D. *0 > *;

6

4


64/156

C. E"'2e&m'(

D. None o! he o/e

6

4?. ?. H#2& '( 'mmo&$ ec%(e

A. O$2 ce$$( &e &e"$ce2 # ne- ce$$(

8. Ce$$( 2o no &o- o$2

C. O! &eene&'on

D. I ne/e& 2'e(

6

440. 10. Nemo$(( 'n H#2& &e common$# o!

A. * #"e(

8. #"e(

C. 4 #"e(

D. None o! he o/e

#

441. 1*. Nemo$(( -'h $'n2 h&e2 %e '( c$$e2

A. Senoe$e

8. De(moneme

C. Se&eo$'ne $%'nn

D. S&e"o$'ne $%'nn

10

8. 10 > 19

C. 19 > *0

D. *0 > 0

4?. =*. Tenc$e( o! Oe$' &e

A. Ho$$o-

8. So$'2

C. Ine&n$$# chme&e2

D. S"'n# n2 ho$$o-

1B0 o! !em$e

;=. =. M$e %'ne -o&m h(

A. C%&/e2 "o(e&'o& en2

8. C$ocC. T-o co"%$o ("'c%$e(

D. A$$ he o/e

;=4. ?. Fem$e D&c%nc%$%( h(

A. One co"%$o ("'c%$e

8. One c%2$ ("'ne

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C. T-o co"%$o ("'c%$e(

D. 8oh 8 n2 C

chapter 04a - diversity in animals - porifera to annelida

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